Memorandum: M C P D
Memorandum: M C P D
Recommendation:
That the Planning Board comment on the direction for the Growth Policy update outlined
in this report.
Purpose:
This outline is intended to provide the Planning Board with the current thinking of staff
on direction for the current update of the Growth Policy.
Introduction:
Up to this point the Growth Policy has and is about “what you cannot do”. Evaluation of
development is based primarily on two factors, school and road capacity, to determine
when development can proceed. Staff is looking to change this direction to “where and
how we should be building”, adding sustainability to the evaluation.
A shift in this direction is timely. The past growth in Greenfield areas has almost ended,
with only four percent of the county Greenfield areas left to develop. Future growth will
increasingly look inward, to existing areas through infill and redevelopment activity. The
need to amend master plans for areas like White Flint and Germantown highlights this
trend.
In the past, a new subdivision might require a new or wider road, easily factored into the
design. In an infill situation, building additional roads or widening existing ones is not
always an option, either for physical or practical reasons. Does this mean that all infill
activity should stop? Infill and redevelopment is also more likely to result in fewer
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vehicle trips for a number of reasons.
Future growth will be strategic, focusing on transit and transportation corridors. Every
strip mall in the County, or large surface parking lot, should be considered a potential site
for mixed use development of appropriate scale. The business infrastructure, such as
servicing and retail already exists. Most of the master planned highways are in place.
New transportation infrastructure needs include planned transitways; localized, walkable
street grids; and reinvestment in aging systems. Operational considerations are becoming
of greater importance to ensure that both roadway and transit services are most efficiently
utilized.
Should these infill sites be credited for potential mitigation of some number of vehicle
trips or school students in exchange for building “smart” by mixing uses, taking
advantage of more accessible location and reducing the building emissions? Would it be
acceptable to have slightly higher levels of congestion in exchange for greener
development?
Currently new development and redevelopment is acceptable to the public when it adds
to their quality of life. In the past, the growth policy has interpreted this to mean adequate
service levels for transportation and schools, and the availability of water and sewer. But
this is a narrow slice of the effect of growth on an existing community.
The goal of the 2009-2011 Growth Policy is to envision development and redevelopment
as an opportunity to improve conditions for neighborhoods by adding desired land uses,
improving auto-transit-walk-bike connections, providing an improved streetscape and
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creating development that is more energy, fiscal and environmentally sustainable.
o School test : adoption of the MCPS program capacity for test threshold
Introduced the concepts of sustainability and design into the Growth Policy
Sustainability has become a one word shorthand for the idea that public policy should be
designed to take into account the interaction of the economy, the environment, and social
equity in guiding growth and making decisions about public investment. Sustainability is
not an action but an outcome. The fundamentals for achieving sustainable growth and
development include connections, diversity, design and the environment.
Diversity refers to variety in the housing stock and affordability, a mix of land uses, as
well as diverse streetscapes that include a sense of history and identity.
Design is not an end unto itself; it is the means by which we encourage the coordination
of mixed-use construction and open spaces with increased access to transportation and
other public facilities in a fashion that enhances our environment and surroundings.
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New Directions
We are suggesting a new approach to Growth Policy, one that incorporates where and
how growth occurs with the traditional role of guiding when growth occurs. This new
approach requires a closer connection between encouraging “quality of place” and the
incentive to grow smarter.
This approach will be synthesized with the master plan and zoning ordinance elements of
our work program. In the County’s current legislative system,
We recommend that the Planning Board work within the County Code definitions to
better synthesize the “where”, “how”, and “when”. For instance, the Public Hearing
Draft of the White Flint Sector Plan recommends changes to both zoning and APFO
transportation processes (Growth Policy). Similarly, the 2009-2011 Growth Policy
should recommend a comprehensive set of growth incentives; some to be adopted by the
Council in November’s growth policy and others through zoning text and master plan
amendments.
We need to present a recommended Growth Policy to the Planning Board by June 15.
We see four different alternatives for pursuing the integration of “where”, “how”, and
“when” during the next four months, described below.
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o For schools this could include re-evaluation of the APFO threshold for the
school facility payment and moratorium.
o For fire/rescue adequacy has been based on response time. In 2007, the
entire County fell within acceptable range of response times.
o For parks and recreational facilities, there is no current APFO. The 2007-
2009 Growth Policy recommended revision to the current Recreation
Guidelines. Currently, work is underway on Urban Park Guidelines. A
comprehensive revision to the Recreation Guidelines should be
considered.
o In strategic growth areas where transit is planned for the future, the
Corridor Cities Transitway for example, new development in proximity to
the future station location should be designated a Town Center Policy
Area for purposes of calculating mitigation requirements (the Gaithersburg
West Master Plan is advocating this approach, already in place for the
Germantown Town Center, for the three station locations).
o Characteristics:
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This alternative matches the Council direction provided in the
2007-2009 Growth Policy Resolution
o Characteristics:
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o Require a minimum level of acceptability for project approval – this
would be similar to the prerequisites in the LEED ND framework. Where
MNCPPC requirements are more stringent than the corresponding LEED
ND prerequisite, MNCPPC requirement would prevail.
o This “minimum” score, could be the trigger for a “green tape” process for
sustainable buildings where the development process is expedited.
o Characteristics:
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o The Planning Department is about to begin a new Capstone Project
session with students from George Washington University. The Capstone
Project assigned this year will focus on carbon trading at the local level.
o Characteristics:
Alternative 5 – Combination
Further Discussion
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Would there be times where transit proximity is not our highest priority? For
instance, would a mixed use project that redevelops a surface parking lot in
Burtonsville be smarter growth than a project that doubles the density on an
already fully developed site in Silver Spring?
Policy Considerations
Given the current state of the economy, what types of development require
incentives and what is the appropriate public sector response to incentivizing
any or all types of growth? The allocation of responsibility can be a “zero
sum game” by shifting a predefined burden of proof or responsibility to the
locations and types of growth where incentives are desired (moving from
vehicle trips to VMT in transportation impact taxes would lower costs for
downcounty development and raise them for upcounty development). Or the
County can choose to assume greater responsibility for development in the
application of incentives (the exemption of hospitals and bioscience from the
transportation impact tax was assumed by the in public sector rather than
passed on to other types of growth).
How does the Board wish to allocate scarce staff resources in the growth
policy development? A direction toward Alternatives 3 or 4 above could
result in substantial progress toward sustainable development, but we could
not simultaneously dedicate resources to complete the items requested by the
County Council as indicated under Alternative 1.
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Schedule and Process
We initiated this year’s Growth Policy study with a series of public discussions in
November and December and an online survey. Attachment B summarizes the
comments we received and has been used in developing the proposals in this
memorandum.
Based on guidance received February 5, staff will spend several weeks, primarily
working in-house, to develop preliminary growth policy recommendations for an
interim review by the Planning Board at the end of March.
During April and May, staff will work more extensively with stakeholders to refine
the preliminary recommendations. During this time period, the Board also needs
to act on other elements of the 2007-2009 Growth Policy including setting PAMR
and school requirements for FY 10.
Conclusion
There has been a healthy internal discussion about how to bring sustainability into the
Growth Policy discussion. Some creative ideas have emerged as outlined above. Some
of these may need to be “cooked” for a longer period, perhaps the next review of the
Growth Policy in 2011. However, staff believe that the options outlined here offer an
exciting new approach, with a firm foundation in the known growth tools the County has
embraced.
The key is to develop a way to balance or “mitigate” our traditional approach, with green,
sustainable development that will result in a greater “quality of place” for residents.
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The Montgomery County Planning Department www.MontgomeryPlanning.org
Growth Map D R A F T
Growth Areas:
Emerging District ICC
Greenfield / Brownfield M
" Metro Stations CLAGETTSVILLE
Reinvestment Areas b
Æ MARC Stations
FRIENDSHIP
Other CCT
BROWNINGSVILLE
£
n
Cherry Hill Employment Overlay Zone M
" Purpleline Station Alternatives
MULLINIX
Metro 1/2 mile Buffer Areas not otherwise identified are DAMASCUS
BOOTJACK
KINGS VALLEY
All Existing and Proposed Parkland (62,091 Acres)
KINGSLEY
b
Æ BARNESVILLE 5n
£ SUNSHINE
DICKERSON
BRINK
b SELLMAN
Æ MILESTONE L AY T O N S V I L L E
GOSHEN
BURDETTE n
£
BUCK
BLOCKTOWN
£
n £
n NEELSVILLE PRATHERTOWN
LODGE
BRIGHTON
4
£
n MONTGOMERY VILLAGE
b
Æ MT.
BEALLSVILLE GERMANTOWN £ 25
n MIDDLEBROOK
STEWARTOWN
ZION BROOKEVILLE
£
n 13
KINGVIEW b
Æ
BRINKLOW
MARTINSBURG
JERUSALEM CLOPPER 12
FLOWER HILL
WHITES FERRY
EMORY OLNEY SANDY
10
METROPOLITAN ASHTON
18
GROVE SPRING
GROVE
£
n
b
Æ
REDLAND
P O O L E S V I L L E BROWNSTOWN
WASHINGTON
ELMER
£
n b
Æ GROVE
G A I T H E R S B U R G
n
£ b
Æ EDNOR
DAWSONVILLE
20
19
NORWOOD BROWN'S
£
n CORNER
M
" SPENCERVILLE
DERWOOD
QUINCE
ORCHARD £ £
n £
n NORBECK
BURTONSVILLE
EDWARDS
n £
n AVERY
CLOVERLY
LODGE
FERRY £n
n £
DARNESTOWN
SUGARLAND n n
£
££
n
3
LAYHILL
R O C K V I L L E
BIG M
b
Æ
"
PINES
SYCAMORE
COLESVILLE
LANDING FAIRLAND
SENECA VIOLETTES
BLOCKHOUSE TRAVILAH
LOCK POINT
TOBYTOWN ASPEN
HILL
PENNYFIELD
M
" 11
M GLENMONT
"
LOCK
2 MONTROSE
5 COMSAT Greenfield/Brownfield
SWAINS
LOCK
M
" 16Æ
b
HILLS
HILLANDALE
6 Cabin Branch Greenfield/Brownfield KEN SIN GT ON
FOUR
$
24
CABIN JOHN
"
19 Shady Grove Emerging District GLEN ECHO
20 NIST Other
CHEVY
SOMERSET CHASE
22 WRAMC Other M
"
23 NIH / Naval Medical Other Miles
24 Naval Surface Warfare Center Other
25 DOE Other
BROOKMONT
Attachment B
This fall staff launched a public outreach campaign to educate citizens about Growth Policy and to elicit
opinions on growth from County residents. To kick off this effort, a booth at the Silver Spring Fall
Festival was staffed with planners who engaged the public in conversation about growth and
development. At the festival, residents were provided the opportunity to answer an on-line survey and
were offered information on upcoming meetings to be held regarding Growth Policy.
Following extensive public notification through press release, website posting, flyer distribution, and
news articles, four community meetings were held in November and early December. The meetings were
held in different areas of the County and at different days and times. This was done in an effort to
increase participation and provide various opportunities for attendance. In addition to these meetings, an
on-going effort is underway to publicize and encourage participation in the on-line survey.
At each of the four community meetings, staff made a presentation summarizing growth policy and
introducing new concepts under consideration for inclusion in 2009-2011 Growth Policy. Following the
presentation residents were asked to participate in guided discussions grouped into four categories:
connections, diversity, design and environment. During each discussion, residents were asked to assess
the relative value they place on various amenities related to each category.
Provided the prompts below participants were given a number of votes (less than the number of available
prompts). Participants were instructed to place their votes on the amenities they value most, allowing for
multiple votes per amenity. Below are the results:
Percentage of Total
Connections Votes Cast
Attracting and accommodating people of all ages, abilities, incomes and cultures 22%
Percentage of Total
Design Votes Cast
Commercial and residential centers with stores and restaurants that encourage
walking 24%
Beautiful public gathering places with green and active uses 19%
Fewer surface parking lots; replaced with structured parking or renovated for
developed use 15%
Percentage of Total
Environment Votes Cast
Reduce impervious surfaces such as surface parking lots to reduce storm water
runoff 18%
Use existing infrastructure more intensively instead of building more (roads, water
and sewer lines) 10%
In addition to voting, comments from the discussions were noted by staff. Most of the comments were
additional amenities that the residents thought should be added to the list, or an elaboration on why a
certain amenity had value. With regard to connections, several residents commented that pedestrian safety
and lighting should be noted as another amenity of value. Several other residents suggested their desire to
see Metro expansion brought to Germantown and/or Clarksburg, as well as expanded MARC service in
the form of extended hours and weekend days. Although the majority of residents participating support an
increase in transit, a few residents commented that they hoped major routes in the current road system
would not lose lanes or shrink in lane width.
Under diversity it was noted that residents desire a variety in senior-housing – more mixed-use rather than
campus setting. A common remark heard in this discussion was the need to protect local businesses in the
face of expansion and redevelopment. Several residents remarked on the importance of neighborhood
character and identity in both the diversity and design discussions.
With respect to design, a common remark was the need to integrate the landscape and natural
environment into the project design. In addition, access for cyclists was also mentioned as a priority for
design. Under environment, a few residents suggested providing incentives for green development
through the provision of tax credits and regulation of greenhouse gas emissions was also requested.
The on-line survey is similar in design to the set of prompts presented at the community meetings. The
survey is organized into the same four categories. Respondents are asked to rank from least important (a
value of 1) to most important (a value of 7) a list of amenities almost identical to the list provided at the
public meetings. One difference is that survey respondents could score every amenity as being most
important. So far, over 150 surveys have been completed. Given most of the prompts are positive in
nature, a majority of the prompts have received a ranking of 5, 6 or 7 by over 80% of the respondents.
Two questions were added to the on-line survey to gauge residents’ valuation of the potential trade-off
between (increased) traffic congestion (in the short-term) in exchange for increased transit or more
energy-efficient design. For the first question, “Longer commute by car OK if you know transit is coming
in a few years” approximately 39% of the responses were in the “least important” categories (scoring 1,2
or 3) compared to 38% rating it in the “most important” categories (scoring 5,6 or 7). For the second
question, “Longer commute by car OK if you know new development will feature energy-efficient,
walkable communities” the response was similar, 45% rating it in the “least important” categories
compared to 47% in the “most important” categories.
Although these two questions did not receive an 80% or greater “approval rating” as did the other survey
questions, the response was still positive. Overall, reception to the Growth Policy presentation and the
discussions on growth were met with enthusiasm. Residents welcomed the opportunity to discuss growth
and its implications in a framework broadened to include concepts related to diversity, design and the
environment.
Attachment C: Proposed Growth Policy Outreach and Schedule:
Establish an interagency working group with monthly meetings
o Feb. 25. Joint meeting of Sierra Club, League of Women Voters, and Coalition
for Smart Growth
Status Report with interim recommendations to the Planning Board on March 26th
o Present information from the 3/26 session to stakeholder groups at their April
meetings to provide feedback information and encourage participation in June
Planning Board transmits Highway Mobility Report to the County Council April 27th
o Worksessions in July
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Analysis Required as Part of the 2009-2011 Growth Policy under Resolution 16-376
F11- Biennial Growth Policy Report which must include the following:
Analysis of the current and future pace and pattern of growth in the County
Analysis of the factors affecting the demand for public facilities in established
communities
Update of the Sustainability Indicators (and the County’s success in meeting the
indicators)
Implementation status report for each Master Plan/Sector Plan and how the planned
development is proceeding, whether public facilities in the plan are proceeding in a
timely way
F12d – A study of the County’s job-housing balance, including implications for housing
affordability and traffic congestion
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