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Formulas Calculo

The document contains reference pages for various mathematical formulas and concepts. It includes formulas and definitions for geometry, algebra, trigonometry, exponents and radicals, and other topics. Various geometric formulas are listed for area, circumference, and volume of shapes like triangles, circles, and sectors of circles. It also includes trigonometric identities, formulas for trigonometric functions of common angles, and graphs of trigonometric functions.
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
42 views21 pages

Formulas Calculo

The document contains reference pages for various mathematical formulas and concepts. It includes formulas and definitions for geometry, algebra, trigonometry, exponents and radicals, and other topics. Various geometric formulas are listed for area, circumference, and volume of shapes like triangles, circles, and sectors of circles. It also includes trigonometric identities, formulas for trigonometric functions of common angles, and graphs of trigonometric functions.
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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R E F E R E N C E PAGES

Geometry Arith metic Opera tions a b c ab ac


a c a c a a

Geometric Formulas 2 2 2
Formulas for area A, circumference C, and volume V:

Algebra

b d a

Triangle Circle Sector of Circle A

A r

R E F E R E N C E PAGES R E F E R E N C E PAGES

Trigonometry A b i n Expone nts and Radical s x x x


m n n

r
x

i
h r s r b

m n

x
m

x
m n

R E F E R E N C E PAGES

S
x
n

y n

s x

1 n
n n

x y

x n y

s s s Factoring Special Polynomials x x y


2

r s x

r h h

x y x y x x y x 2xy xy y y x y x y x xy y
2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2

y y x
2

Distance and Midpoint Formulas


Distance between P and P

1 x1, y1

2 x2, y2 :
d x x s

Binomial Theorem x x y
2 2

2 1 y 2 y 1 2
Midpoint of P P : y1 y2 x1

y 2xy
2 3

x2,

x y x 3x y 3xy y
3 2 2 3

x y x 3x y 3xy y
3 3 2 2 3 1 n 2 2

nx

nn

R E F E R E N C E PAGES R E F E R E N C E PAGES

Trigonometry k
1

1 2 k 1 2 3 k Qua drati c For mula


2

Lines
Slope of line through P x ,y

1 1

and P

1 2 2 2:
x ,y y
2

n k

nxy
w

n 1

m x
b

R E F E R E N C E PAGES

I f a x

oi -slope P nt equation

of line through P with slope m:

1 x1, y1

I n e q u a l i t i e s a n d A b s o l u t e V a l u e I f a

b and b c, then a c. If a then a b If a c ca c. b and 0, then cb. If a 0, cb. b, c

b and c then ca If a

0, then

R E F E R E N C E PAGES R E F E R E N C E PAGES

Trigonometry
y mx y

c l

S y b
C i

mx x ae a a or n s m a x e aa n s mx x ae a a or n s

Equation of the circle with center h, k and radius r :

x h y k r

Angle Measurement
radians 180

Fundamental Identities 1 rad 18 0


s r

csc

1 rad s r

180

r tan co t

se c co t sin
2

sin
sin

co s
cos

cos in radians Right Angle Trigonometry


opp hyp

sin cos
2

tan

1 tan hy p a dj
opp

sec

1 cot cos

csc
2

si n hyp co s
adj

cs c opp se c
hyp

sin sin tan tan

cos

hyp
opp

adj
adj

sin 2

cos

ta n adj

co t opp

cot
cos

2 sin

tan

Trigonometric Functions
sin cos y r x r y x csc sec r y r x x y

y r
x (x, y)

sin A

sin B

sin C a c
C

tan

cot

Graphs of Trigonometric Functions

a b y=tan x y=cos x 2
x

The Law of Cosines


2 2

b a

2 2

c c

2 2

2bc cos A 2ac cos B 2ab cos C

y y=sin x 2 x _1 y

y y

2 x

Addition and Subtraction Formulas sin x sin x cos x y y y sin x cos y sin x cos y cos x cos y cos x sin y cos x sin y sin x sin y
x

_1 y=csc x y 1 1 2

_1

_1

y=sec x

y y=cot x 2 x

2 x

cos x

cos x cos y tan x tan y 1 tan x tan y

sin x sin y

tan x

tan x tan y

Double-Angle Formulas
radians 0 30 45 60 90 0 6 4 3 2 sin 0 1 2 2 s2 s3 2 1 cos 1 s3 2 s2 2 1 20 tan 0 s3 1 s 3

sin 2x cos 2 x

2 sin x cos x cos x


2

sin x
2

2 cos x
2

2 sin x
2

2 tan x

Trigonometric Functions of Important Angles

tan 2x

tan x
2

Half-Angle Formulas
2 2

sin x

cos 2 x 2

cos 2 x 2

cos x

Differentiation Rules General Formulas


1. d c 2. d

0 f x f xtx tx f x f xt x t x txf x
(Product Rule)

cf x f x

cf x tx f x t x

dx
3. d

dx
4. d 6.

dx
5. d

dx d dx d

dx d
7.

f x tx

txf x f x (Quotient Rule) t x tx


2 n 1

f tx dx

tx t x

(Chain Rule) 8.

dx

nx

(Power Rule)

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions 9. 11 .


x d dx e x

e 1 x

d ln x dx

x 10 ln aadx .

ax
1 x ln a

12 .

d loga x dx

Trigonometric Functions 13 d . dx 16 .
sin x cos x csc x cot x

14 . 17 .

d dx

cos x

sin x sec x tan x

15 d x . sec2tan x dx x x dx 18 csc2cot .
d

d csc x dx

d sec x dx

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

19 .

1 d dx sin x

1
1 x
2

20 .

1 d dx cos x

1 s
1 x2 1

21 .

1 d dx tan x

1 1
2

x
1

22 dx .

csc x

sx 2

23 .

dx sec x

sx 2

24 .

dx cot x

x2

Hyperbolic Functions 25 d . dx 28 .
sinh x cosh x csch x coth x

26 . 29 .

d dx

cosh x

sinh x sech x tanh x

27 d tanh x 2 . sech x dx coth x 2 x dx 30 csch .


d

d csch x dx

d sech x dx

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

31 .

1 d dx sinh x

1
x2 1

s1
x 1

32 . 35 .

1 d dx cosh x

1 sx 2
x
2

1 1

33 . 36 .

1 d dx tanh x

1 1
2

x
1

d
1

d x2 dx sech x
1

d x dx coth x
1

34 dx .

csch x

x2

R E F E R E N C E PAGES

Basic Forms 1.

u dv

uv

11.

csc u cot u du

csc u

y yu 2.
3.
u
n

v du n 1
C, n 1
12.

du

n 1
ln u C

y tan u du

ln sec u

du u

13 cot u du . y
14.

ln sin u

y
4. C
5. 6.

e du
u

y sec u du
csc u du

ln sec u ln csc u

tan u cot u

C C

15.

ya
y

y y
2 sa 1
2

du

au ln a cos u

C C

1
16.

du

sin u du

2 u

7.

cos u du

sin u

y 17.
a
18.

du
2

sin u a 1 u tan C a 1
1

y y y
sec u du
2

8. C 9. u

tan u

yu

du u2 a2

sec a

u a

csc2u du C

cot

19. ln

ya

u2

2a

du
10.

u u

a a

y sec u tan u du

sec u

20.

yu

a2

2a

ln u u

C a

du
Forms Involving

sa 2

u 2, a u

0 a2

R E F E R E N C E PAGES

Table of Integrals
21.

y sa y
u2

u 2 du

2 sa

u
2 2

2 ln u (
2

sa
2

22.

sa 2 2

u 2 du

u 8 a

a
4

C
2 2

2u

sa

8 ln u (

sa

23.
sa

u du

2 u
u
2

sa 2

u2

a ln

sa 2 2 u u

24.

y sa 2
u

du

sa
2

u u
2

( 2

25.

y
sa

du
2 2

u )
2

ln(u

sa

ln u

sa

u u
2

y 26.
27. ln

u 2 du
2

sa 2 u2

u
2

sa

u
2

a2 2 ln u (

sa

u 2)

y u sa

28.

y y

du 1
2

sa 2
2 2 2 2

u2

du
2

29.

u sa du
2

u
2 32 2

sa

C C

a u u
2

a sa

Table of Integrals
Forms Involving
30. 31. 32. 33.

y sa
2

sa 2
u 2 du

u 2, a

0
2

2 u 2 sa 2 u 8 2u

u
2

a 2 sin
2

a C
2

y u sa y sa y y
sa

u 2 du du

a a ln

sa a sa
1

1 a 8 sin a C

2u u 2
u u
2

22 sa 2
1

u2

u u a C

2 u

du u

sa

u
a

sin

2
34.

u u
2

2 du
2

2
1

sa 2 u2 a

u
2

2 sin a C

sa

u
2

35. ln

y u sa

du 1 2
36.

sa 2 u u2

u2

du
2 2 2

y
37.

u sa

1 sa a u
2

C sa 2
u2

2u 2

5a 2

u
2 2 3 2

3a
4

sin

du

38.

y
a

du
2 2 3 2 2

u
2 2

a sa a 2, a u 0

Forms Involving

su 2
a 2 du

2
a2
2

39.

y su

2 su u

ln u

su 2

a2

y u su 40.
2

8
2

a 2 du a du

8 2u

a
2

su
1

a a u

a4

ln u

su 2

a2

41.

y su 2u

2
su

a
42.

a cos su a

2
2

2
du

su 2 u

2
2 2

ln u

su

y 43.
su

a
2

du a

ln u

su

2 2

y 44. y 45. y 46.

u 2 du
2 2

u su 2
2

a2

a
2 2 2

ln u 2 C C
2 2

su

a
2

su
2

a du 2 a

su
2

a u

u su du

a u
2

u2

a2

3 2

a su

Forms Involving a
47.

y y y

bu
2

u du a bu u 2 du a bu b

1 (a 1
3

bu

a ln a

bu

C ln a bu

2
48.

[a

bu

4a a 2a 2

bu

2b

49.

ua du 1

bu

ln

u a bu bu au a C

50.

u2 a

ln

du b

a bu u
1 ln a 2 bu C b

51.

y y
ln

u du a bu

a bu

b a

52.

ua

bu

aa

bu

a2

du 1 53. bu a

a bu u

bu

b3

bu u 2 du 1 a
2

2a ln a

bu

a2

354. 2 y u sa 55. u du sa u2 du sa

bu du 15b 2 2 bu 3b bu

3bu

2a a

bu

2a sa

bu

y
56.

2 3 8a 2 15b bu

3b
2

4abu

u2

sa

bu

C, if a
57.

yu

sa du 1

bu

sa

ln

bu bu

sa sa

sa 1

2a

tan

a bu a

C,

if a

sa
58. 59.

bu

du du 2 sa sa bu bu a

y y sa

u
bu

y y
b 2

u sa bu
du

u2

du
bu du

sa

bu

na
60.

b 2n

u a

sa

bu du

bu n
2

n
2u nsa b 2n 1 sa bu an 1u bu
n 1

3 2

n 1

61.

y y

u n du sa bu

bu

2na b 2n 1 b 2n

u n 1 du sa bu du
n 1

du
n

62.

y
1

u sa

2a n

sa

bu

Table of Integrals Trigonometric Forms


63.

y sin u du
2

u
2

sin 2u
4

76 .

cot nu du
n

y y sec u du
n

1 1 1

cot n 1u

cot n 2u du
n 2 1 2 1

2
64. 65.
2

y cos u du
y tan2u du

1u 1
tan u u

sin 2u C

77.

n 1 n 1

tan u secn 2u 1 cot u cscn 2u

y y

n n n

secn 2u du cscn 2u du

78. du

cscnu

66. u 3 67. u 1 68. u 2


69.

cot2u du

cot u

C 79 . 80 .

y y

sin u du
3

sin u cos
2

sin au sin bu

C cos u du
3 3

du

sin a b u 2a b

sin a 2a sin a 2a

b bu b bu

cos u sin
2

C y tan3u du
1

cos au cos bu sin a b u y 2a du b

tan2u

ln

cos u C

81.

2
70.

sin au cos bu du cos a bu 2a b sin u u cos u

cos a 2a

bu b

y cot3u du
1 3

cot2u

ln

sin u C
1

82.

y
tan u

u sin u du

y sec u du 72. csc u du y


71.
3

2 sec u tan u
1 2

ln
1

sec u ln
2

2C cot u n 2
u du

83.

y u cos u du
y u n sin u du
u n cos u du

cos u

u sin u

csc u cot u

csc u
n 1

C
84.

u n cos u

n u n 1 cos u du

y n sin
1 n 1

85.

n 2 u du

u n sin u

y
n 1

u n 1 sin u du

m 1

cos

86.

sinnu cosmu du

sin

u cos

sinn 2u cosmu du

75.

tan u
n

du n

1 1

tann 1u

tann 2u du

sinn 1u cosm 1u n

n y m

y
m 1
n

sin
1

u cosm 2u du n

Inverse Trigonometric Forms


87.

sin 1u du

u sin 1u

s1
s1

u2

92.

2 u tan 1u du u 1 2

tan u

u 2

88.

y cos y

u du

u cos 1u

u2

C
93.

2 89.
2

tan 1u du

u tan 1u

ln 1

u n sin 1u du 1 n 1

u n 1 sin 1u

n 1
u2

, n

C 2u u sin 1u du 1 4
2 2

du 1

y
C
94.

90.

sin 1u

u s14 u

u n cos 1u du 1 n 1

n 1

cos u
1

n 1 , n
u2

du

s1

y
91.

2u 2 cos 1u u cos 1u du 1 4

u s14 u

95.

u n tan 1u du 1 n 1

n 1

tan u
1

n 1 u , n 1

du

1
2

Exponential and Logarithmic Forms


96.

y ue y

au

du

1
2

au

au

1e n

100.

y ln u du

u ln u

a 97 u neau du .
98.

a
u e

y
n
du b cos bu C
101.

n 1
2

1 n n 1 ln u 1 C

n au

1eau
au 2

y
du
102.

u n ln u

y ye 99.

eau
au

sin bu du a cos bu du

e b eau
2

a sin bu

1 u ln u

du

ln ln u

a b2

a cos bu

b sin bu

C 2 108.

Hyperbolic Forms

103 y sinh u du . C
104.

cosh u

csch u du

ln tanh 1 u

y cosh u du

sinh u

109. 110.

y sech2u du

tanh u

105. C 106. C 107. u C

y y y

tanh u du

ln cosh u

y
111.

csch2u du

coth u

C sech u csch u C C

coth u du

ln sinh u 112.

y y

sech u tanh u du csch u coth u du

sech u du

tan 1 sinh

Forms Involving
113.

s2au

u2 , a

2au

u 2 du

u s2au a 2 2u 2 au 3a 2 6 s2au
u

u2

2
a 2 cos

a
1

u a 3

114.

y y

2au

u 2 du

2au

u2 a 2 cos
1

a u a C

2
115.

du

s2au

u2

a cos
1

a u a C

u2

du u

cos

2
116.

a
u
1

s2au d u s
2au

2
2

s a

2au

117.

y
118.

u2

cos

u a

u du s
2au u2

2au

u2

a cos

a
1

y
119.

u a
2

u du

u u
2

3a 2

2au

3a

y s2au

cos

120.
u

du

s2au au u u2

ys

2au

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