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Topic 2-Quadratic Equations

This document provides examples of solving quadratic equations by three methods: factorisation, completing the square, and using the quadratic formula. It includes 10 examples of solving quadratic equations by completing the square, providing the step-by-step working and checking the answers. It also provides examples of using the quadratic formula to solve equations, finding the quadratic equation given the roots, and determining the nature of the roots based on the discriminant. The document is a study guide on solving various types of quadratic equations using different standard methods.

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丽娜钱霙
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
304 views8 pages

Topic 2-Quadratic Equations

This document provides examples of solving quadratic equations by three methods: factorisation, completing the square, and using the quadratic formula. It includes 10 examples of solving quadratic equations by completing the square, providing the step-by-step working and checking the answers. It also provides examples of using the quadratic formula to solve equations, finding the quadratic equation given the roots, and determining the nature of the roots based on the discriminant. The document is a study guide on solving various types of quadratic equations using different standard methods.

Uploaded by

丽娜钱霙
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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w.c.

cheong 12
TOPIC 2: QUADRATIC EQUATIONS *paper 1
General Form(Bentuk Am) ax
2
+ bx + c = 0 To solve quadratic equation
x = variable(pembolehubah) factorisation completing the square using the formula
a, b, c = constants(pemalar) (pemfaktoran)(penyempurnaan kuasa dua)(rumus kuadratik)
chapter 2-mathematics
Completing the square
EXAMPLE 1 :
Solve x
2
+ 4x 5 = 0 by method of completing
the square.
make sure coefficient =+ 1(pekali =+ 1)
Answer : x
2
+ 4x 5 = 0
5
2
4
2
4
4
2 2
2
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + x x = 0
( ) ( ) 5 2 2 4
2 2 2
+ + x x = 0
(x + 2)
2
- 4 5 = 0
( x + 2 )
2
9 = 0
( x + 2)
2
= 9
x + 2 = 9
x + 2 = 3
x = -2 3
x = -2 3 @ x = -2 + 3
x = -5 @ 1
1. Solve x
2
+ 4x + 3 = 0 by method of
completing the square.




















[Ans : 1 , 3]
EXAMPLE 2 :
Solve x
2
6x + 3 = 0 by method of
completing the square. Give your answer
correct to 3 decimal places.

Answer : x
2
6x + 3 = 0
3
2
6
2
6
6
2 2
2
+ |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ x x = 0
( ) ( ) 3 3 3 6
2 2 2
+ + x x = 0
(x 3 )
2
- 9 + 3 = 0
( x - 2 )
2
6 = 0
( x + 2)
2
= 6
x + 2 = 6
x = -2 6
x = -2- 6 @ x = -2+ 6
x = -4.449 @ 0.449
2. Solve x
2
- 8x + 5 = 0 by method of
completing the square, give your answers correct
to 4 significant figures.























[Ans : 7.317, 0.6834]
w.c.cheong 13
3. Solve x
2
2x 9 = 0 by completing the
square, give your answers correct to 4 significant
figures.
























[Ans : 2.162 , 4.162]
4. Solve x
2
+ 10x + 5 = 0 by method of
completing the square, give your answers correct
to 4 significant figures.
























[Ans : 0.5279, 9.472]
EXAMPLE 3 :
Solve x
2
3x 2 = 0 by method of
completing the square. Give your answer
correct to 4 significant figures.

Answer : x
2
3x 2 = 0
2
2
3
2
3
3
2 2
2
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ x x
= 0

2
4
9
2
3
2
|
.
|

\
|
x
= 0

2
2
3
|
.
|

\
|
x
-
4
17
= 0

2
2
3
|
.
|

\
|
x
=
4
17


4
17
2
3
= x

x =
2
17
2
3


x =
2
17
2
3

@ x =
2
17
2
3
+

x =
2
3
- 2.0616 @ x =
2
3
+ 2.0616
x = - 0.5616 @ 3.562
5. Solve x
2
+ 5x 4 = 0 by method of
completing the square. Give your answer
correct to 4 significant figures.























[Ans : 0.7016, -5.702]
w.c.cheong 14
6. Solve x(2 + x) = 10 by method of completing
the square. Give your answer correct to 4
significant figures.























[Ans : 2.317 , -4.317]
EXAMPLE 4 :
Solve 2x
2
8x + 7 = 0 by completing the square.
Give your answer correct to 4 significant figures.

Answer : 2x
2
8x + 7 = 0
[ 2] x
2
4x +
2
7
= 0
0
2
7
2
4
2
4
4
2 2
2
= + |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ x x


( ) ( ) 0
2
7
2 2 4
2 2 2
= + + x x

( x - 2 )
2
4 +
2
7
= 0
( x 2 )
2
- = 0
( x 2 )
2
=
x 2 =
2
1

x = 2
2
1


x = 2
2
1
@ x = 2
2
1
+
x = 2 - 0.7071 @ x = 2 + 0.7071
x = 1.293 @ 2.707
7. Solve 2x
2
- 12x + 5 = 0 by method of
completing the square correct to two decimal
places.





















[Ans : 5.55 , 0.45]
8. Solve - x
2
4x + 1 = 0 by completing the
square correct to four decimal places.






















[Ans : 0.2361, -4.2361]
w.c.cheong 15
9. Solve - x
2
7x + 3 = 0 by completing the
square correct to four decimal places.




























[Ans : -7.4051, 0.4051]
10. Solve -2x
2
+ 10x + 9 = 0 by method of
completing the square correct to two decimal
places.



























[Ans : -0.78 , 5.78]
Using the formula
a
ac b b
x
2
4
2

=

EXAMPLE 5 :
Solve 2x
2
8x + 7 = 0 by using formula. Give
your answer correct to 4 significant figures.

Answer : a = 2, b = -8 , c = 7
a
ac b b
x
2
4
2

=

) 2 ( 2
) 7 )( 2 ( 4 ) 8 ( ) 8 (
2

= x

4
8 8
= x

4
8 8
= x
@
4
8 8 +
= x

x = 1.293 @ 2.707

11. By using formula, solve 2x
2
- 12x + 5 = 0.
Give your answer correct to 4 significant figures.



















[Ans : 5.550, 0.4505]
w.c.cheong 16
12. Solve x
2
4x = 2 by using formula. Give
your answer correct to 4 significant figures.



















[Ans : 4.449 , -0.4495]
EXAMPLE 6 :
Solve 2x(2 3x) = -5 by using formula, give
your answer correct to two decimal places.

Answer : 2x(2 3x) = -5
4x 6x
2
= -5
6x
2
4x 5 = 0
a = 6 , b = -4 , c = -5
a
ac b b
x
2
4
2

=

) 6 ( 2
) 5 )( 6 ( 4 ) 4 ( ) 4 (
2

= x

12
136 4
= x

12
136 4
= x
@
12
136 4 +
= x

x = -0.64 @ 1.31




13. By using formula, solve 3 x
2
= - 3(4x 3)
correct to two decimal places.

















[Ans: 0.52 , 11.48]
If the roots of a quadratic equation are and ,
x = @ x =
x = 0 @ x = 0
(x ) ( x ) = 0
x
2
x x + = 0
x
2
( + ) x + = 0
x
2
(sum of roots) x + (product of roots) = 0
hasil tambah punca hasil darab punca

EXAMPLE 7 :
Find the quadratic equation with roots 2 dan - 4.

Answer : x = 2 , x = - 4
x 2 = 0 @ x + 4 = 0
(x 2) ( x + 4) = 0
x
2
+ 4x 2x 8 = 0
x
2
+ 2x 8 = 0


14. Find the quadratic equation with roots
-3 dan 5.










[Ans : x
2
2x 15 = 0]
15. Find the quadratic equation with roots
- dan 6.










[Ans : 2x
2
11x 6 = 0]
Sum of roots=2+(-4)=-2 product of roots=2(-4)=-8
x
2
(-2)x + (- 8) = 0
x
2
+ 2x 8 = 0


w.c.cheong 17
EXAMPLE 8 :
Given that the roots of the quadratic equation
2x
2
+ (p+1)x + q - 2 = 0 are -3 and . Find the
value of p and q.

Answer : x = -3 , x =
x + 3 = 0 @ 2x 1 = 0
(x + 3) ( 2x 1) = 0
2x
2
x + 6x 3 = 0
2x
2
+ 5x 3 = 0
Comparing with the original equation :
2x
2
+ (p+1)x + q - 2 = 0
2x
2
+ 5x 3 = 0
p + 1 = 5 , q - 2 = -3
p = 5 - 1 , q = -3 + 2
p = 4 , q = -1


16. Given that the roots of the quadratic equation
3x
2
+ kx + p 2 = 0 are 4 and - . Find k and p.















[Ans : k = -10 , p = -6]
17. The roots of the quadratic equation
2
15 16 0 x x m + + = are
and
3 5
k k
. Find the
value of k and of m .














[Ans : k = -2 , m = 4]

EXAMPLE 9 :
Determine the type of roots in x
2
- 5x + 4 = 0.

Answer : a = 1, b = -5, c = 4
b
2
4ac = (-5)
2
4(1)(4)
= 25 16
= 9 (>0)
x
2
- 5x + 4 = 0 had two different real roots.
18.Determine the type of roots in 3x
2
+ 6x + 3 = 0.







19.Determine the type of roots in 5x
2
- 10x +2 =0. 20.Determine the type of roots in -2x
2
+ 5x + 4 =0.









b
2
4ac > 0
2 different/distinct real roots
(2 punca berbeza)
a
ac b b
x
2
4
2

=
b
2
4ac = 0
2 equal real roots
(2 punca sama)
b
2
4ac < 0
no real roots
(tiada punca)

2 real roots (2 punca nyata)
b
2
4ac > 0 b
2
4ac 0
b
2
4ac = 0
w.c.cheong 18
EXAMPLE 10 :
Find the range of k if the quadratic equation
2x
2
+ x k = 0, k constant, has two distinct
roots.

Answer : a = 2, b = 1, c = -k
b
2
4ac > 0
(1)
2
4(2)(-k) > 0
1 + 8k > 0
8k > -1
make sure + k >
8
1


21. Find the range of k if the quadratic equation
(k+1)x
2
-3x +1 = 0, k constant, has two distinct
roots.











[Ans : k <
5
4
]
22. Find the range of k if the quadratic equation
x
2
+ 3 = k (x 1), k constant, has two distinct
roots.
















[Ans : k < -2 , k > 6]
23. The quadratic equation 9 + 4x
2
= px has equal
roots. Find the possible values of p.

















[Ans : p = -12 @ 12]
24. Find the range of p if the quadratic equation
x
2
+ px = 2p does not have real roots.



















[Ans : -8 < p < 0]
25. The roots of the quadratic equation
2x
2
+ 8 = (k 3)x are real and different.
Determine the range of values of k.
















[Ans : k < -5 , k > 11]
w.c.cheong 19
EXAMPLE 11 :
The roots of the quadratic equation
2x
2
+ px + q = 0 are - 6 and 3. Find
(a) p and q,
(b) range of values of k such that 2x
2
+ px + q =
k does not have real roots.

Answer : (a) x = -6 , x = 3
(x + 6) (x 3) = 0
x
2
- 3x + 6x - 18 = 0
Comparing : p = 6 , q = - 36
(b) 2x
2
+ 6x 36 = k
2x
2
+ 6x 36 k = 0
a = 2, b = 6, c = -36 k
b
2
4ac < 0
6
2
4(2)(-36 k) < 0
36 8(-36 k) < 0
36 + 288 + 8k < 0

26. The roots of the quadratic equation
2x
2
+ px + q = 0 are 2 and -3. Find
(a) p and q,
(b) the range of values of k such that
2x
2
+ px + q = k does not have real roots.













[Ans : p=2 ,q=-12 , k < -12]
EXAMPLE 12 :
and are the roots of the quadratic equation
3x
2
- 4x - 6 = 0. Form a quadratic equation with
roots
3
o
and
3
|
.

Answer : 3x
2
- 4x - 6 = 0
[ 3]: x
2
-
3
4
x - 2 = 0
x
2
(sum of roots) x + (product of roots) = 0
Sum of roots = + =
3
4

product of roots =
-2 =
Sum of roots =
3
o
+
3
|

=
3
1
( + )
=
3
1
(
3
4
)
=
9
4

x
2
(sum of roots) x + (product of roots) = 0
x
2

9
4
x + (
9
2
) = 0
9x
2
- 4x - 2 = 0
27. and are the roots of the quadratic equation
x
2
- 3x + 7 = 0. Form a quadratic equation with
roots 2 and 2.








[Ans : x
2
- 6x + 28 = 0]
28. and are the roots of the quadratic equation
2x
2
+ 2x - 5 = 0. Form a quadratic equation with
roots (-2) and ( -2).









[Ans : 2x
2
+ 10x + 7 = 0]
29. Given that and are the roots of the quadratic equation x
2
+ kx + 3 = 0, whereas 2 and 2 are
the roots of equation x
2
- 7x + m = 0. Calculate the possible values of k and m.





[Ans : k = -
2
7
, m = 12]

product of roots =
3
o

3
|

=
9
o|

=
9
2





324 + 8 k < 0
8 k < - 324
k < -
8
324

k < 40



x
2
+ 3x - 18 = 0
2x
2
+ 6x 36 = 0
2x
2
+ px + q = 0

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