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Plotting in Matlab

Plot multiple graphs in Matlab using plot(x,y) and specifying line styles, markers, and colors. Add titles, labels, legends using title, xlabel, ylabel, and legend. Control the axis with axis and grid lines with grid. Use subplot to show multiple plots, hold to overlay plots, and polar for polar coordinates. Enhance text and plots with modifiers like \bf, \it, \fontsize, and escape sequences.

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117 views

Plotting in Matlab

Plot multiple graphs in Matlab using plot(x,y) and specifying line styles, markers, and colors. Add titles, labels, legends using title, xlabel, ylabel, and legend. Control the axis with axis and grid lines with grid. Use subplot to show multiple plots, hold to overlay plots, and polar for polar coordinates. Enhance text and plots with modifiers like \bf, \it, \fontsize, and escape sequences.

Uploaded by

pride3351
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Plotting in Matlab

The main function is plot (x, y) that plots vector y versus vector x. Example: x=-3*pi:pi/20:3*pi; y=x.*sin(x); plot(x,y); plot(x,y) causes Matlab to open a Figure Window and display the plot in that window:

Various line types, plot symbols and colors may be obtained with plot (x, y, s) where s is a character string made from one element from any or all the following 3 columns: Color blue green red cyan magenta yellow black Marker Style Line Style . point solid o circle : dotted x x-mark -. dashdot + plus -dashed * star s square d diamond v triangle (down) ^ triangle (up) < triangle (left) > triangle (right) p pentagram h hexagram

b g r c m y k

As seen from the first figure, the default color is blue (for a single graph), the default marker style is no marker, and the default line style is no line! For instance, here follows the plot when the command plot (x, y, 'rs:'); is executed:

You can either use the print command or the File menu, export command in the figure window in order to convert (save as) the plot to a graphical image. For instance, here follows the tif format of the first plot:

Titles, axis labels, and legend(for figures containing more than one plot) can be added to a plot using title, xlabel, ylabel, and legend commands. The command grid on/off can be used to turn on/off the grid lines. For instance, lets issue the following commands:

yy=sin(x)+x.*cos(x); plot(x,y,x,yy); legend('xsin(x)','sin(x)+xcos(x)',-1); title('Lab Assignment 4 Question 1'); xlabel('x') grid on Then, we end up with the following plot:

A new figure window will be opened with the command figure (a) where a corresponds to the figure number. We can also use the subplot (m, n, p) command to plot multiple plots separately on a m x n table figure area on the same figure. The axis command can be used to set the x and y limits of the plot. Example: The following commands will yield the next figure: >> figure(3) >> subplot(1,2,1) >> plot(x,y) >> title y=xsin(x) >> miny=min(y) miny = -4.8095 >> maxy=max(y) maxy = 7.9124 >> xmin=min(x) xmin = -9.4248 >> xmax=max(x) xmax =

9.4248 >> axis ( [xmin xmax miny maxy]); >> subplot(1,2,2) >> maxyy=max(yy) maxyy = 9.4248 >> minyy=min(yy) minyy = -9.4248 >> plot(x,yy,'r+-'); >> axis ( [xmin xmax minyy maxyy]); >> title yy=sin(x)+xcos(x) >> grid on

Note that one can also use the hold on/off command to plot multiple graphs on the same axes. Thus, we could execute plot (x, y); hold on; plot (x, yy, g) instead of plot (x, y, x, yy). (Compare the result to first figure). The semilogx, semilogy, and loglog functions can be used to plot x data, y data, both data on logarithmic axes, respectively. It is possible to enhance the properties of a line by specifying the Width, MarkerEdgeColor, MarkerFaceColor, and MarkerSize properties. Example: plot(x,y,'o-','LineWidth',2.0,'MarkerEdgeColor','r', 'MarkerFaceColor','g','MarkerSize',6.0);

generates the following figure:

The text strings 8titles, axis labels, etc.) can be enhanced by the use of stream modifiers. Common modifiers are: \bf Bold face \it Italics \rm Restore normal font \fontname{fontname} Specify font name \fontsize {fontsize} Specify font size _{something} something is typed as subscript ^{something} something is typed as superscript Moreover, it is possible to use some Greek and Mathematical symbols by embedding escape sequences. Example: >> r=1:0.1:3; >> area=pi.*r.^2; >> plot(r,area); >> title \itarea\rm=\fontname{tahoma}\fontsize{14}\pir^{2} generates the following figure (see title):

You can also use the polar (theta, r) command to display in polar coordinates. For instance, the following commands generate the next figure: >> theta=0:pi/10:pi; >> rho=1:0.1:2; >> rr=1.5*ones(1,11) rr = Columns 1 through 4 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 Columns 5 through 8 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 Columns 9 through 11 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 >> polar(theta,rho) >> hold on >> polar(theta,rr,'r')

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