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CDAC Technical Latest Sample Placement Paper
1. What is a Declaration? ANS: It declares one or more variables or methods for use later in the JSP source file. A declaration must contain at least one complete declarative statement. You can declare any number of variables or methods within one declaration tag, as long as semicolons separate them. The declaration must be valid in the scripting language used in the JSP file. 2. What are the two types of transmission technology available? ANS: (i) Broadcast and (ii) point-to-point 3. What is a Scriptlet? ANS: A scriptlet can contain any number of language statements, variable or method declarations, or expressions that are valid in the page scripting language. Within scriptlet tags, you can declare variables or methods to use later in the file, write expressions valid in the page scripting language, use any of the JSP implicit objects or any object declared with a. 4. What are DDks? Name an operating system that includes this feature. ANS: DDks are device driver kits, which are equivalent to SDKs for writing device drivers. Windows NT includes DDks. 5. What are two ways of creating a thread? Which is the best way and why? ANS: Two ways of creating threads are, one can extend from the Java.lang. Thread and can implement the rum method or the run method of a different class can be called which implements the interface Runnable, and the then implement the run () method. The latter one is mostly used as first due to Java rule of only one class inheritance, with implementing the Runnable interface that problem is sorted out.
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6. What are rings in Windows NT? ANS: Windows NT uses protection mechanism called rings provides by the process to implement separation between the user mode and kernel mode. 7. Whats the difference between forward and sendRedirect? ANS: When you invoke a forward request, the request is sent to another resource on the server, without the client being informed that a different resource is going to process the request. This process occurs completely with in the web container And then returns to the calling method. When a sendRedirect method is invoked, it causes the web container to return to the browser indicating that a new URL should be requested. Because the browser issues a completely new request any object that are stored as request attributes before the redirect occurs will be lost. This extra round trip a redirect is slower than forward. 8. What is the three tier model? ANS: It is the presentation, logic, backend 9. What are the sub-components of I/O manager in Windows NT? ANS: Network redirector/ Server Cache manager. File systems Network driver Device driver 10. What is Executive in Windows NT? ANS: In Windows NT, executive refers to the operating system code that runs in kernel mode. 11. Why do we have index table in the database? ANS: Because the index table contains the information of the other tables. It will be faster if we access the index table to find out what the other contains.
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12. What is the different of an Applet and a Java Application ANS: The applet doesnt have the main function 13. What are the possible threads a thread can have? ANS: Ready Standby Running Waiting Transition Terminated. 14. How can we store the information returned from querying the database? And if it is too big, how does it affect the performance? ANS: In Java the return information will be stored in the ResultSet object. Yes, if the ResultSet is getting big, it will slow down the process and the performance as well. We can prevent this situation by give the program a simple but specific query statement. 15. What is FtDisk? ANS: It is a fault tolerance disk driver for Windows NT. 16. What is index table and why we use it? ANS: Index table are based on a sorted ordering of the values. Index table provides fast access time when searching. 17. What is an idle thread? ANS: The special thread a dispatcher will execute when no ready thread is found. 18. What is mutant? ANS: In Windows NT a mutant provides kernel mode or user mode mutual exclusion with the notion of ownership. 19. What is process migration? ANS: It is the transfer of sufficient amount of the state of process from one machine to the target machine.
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20. Why would you want to have more than one catch block associated with a single try block in Java? ANS: Since there are many things can go wrong to a single executed statement, we should have more than one catch(s) to catch any errors that might occur. 21. In Java why we use exceptions? ANS: Java uses exceptions as a way of signaling serious problems when you execute a program. One major benefit of having an error signaled by an exception is that it separates the code that deals with errors from the code that is executed when things are moving along smoothly. Another positive aspect of exceptions is that they provide a way of enforcing a response to particular errors. 22. What is the difference between a NULL pointer and a void pointer? ANS: A NULL pointer is a pointer of any type whose value is zero. A void pointer is a pointer to an object of an unknown type, and is guaranteed to have enough bits to hold a pointer to any object. A void pointer is not guaranteed to have enough bits to point to a function (though in general practice it does). 23. What are the reasons for process suspension? ANS: swapping interactive user request timing parent process request 24. What are the seven layers (OSI model) of networking? ANS: 1.Physical, 2.Data Link, 3.Network, 4.Transport, 5.Session, 6.Presentation and 7.Application Layers. 25. What is process spawning? ANS: When the OS at the explicit request of another process creates a process, this action is called process spawning.
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26. What is a JavaBean? ANS: JavaBeans are reusable software components written in the Java programming language, designed to be manipulated visually by a software development environment, like JBuilder or VisualAge for Java. They are similar to Microsofts ActiveX components, but designed to be platform-neutral; running anywhere there is a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). 27. Does C have boolean variable type? ANS: No, C does not have a boolean variable type. One can use ints, chars, #defines or enums to achieve the same in C. #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 enum bool {false, true}; An enum may be good if the debugger shows the names of enum constants when examining variables. 28. Describe 3-Tier Architecture in enterprise application development. ANS: In 3-tier architecture, an application is broken up into 3 separate logical layers, each with a well-defined set of interfaces. The presentation layer typically consists of a graphical user interfaces. The business layer consists of the application or business logic, and the data layer contains the data that is needed for the application. 29. What is the difference between the declaration and the definition of a variable? ANS: The definition is the one that actually allocates space, and provides an initialization value, if any. There can be many declarations, but there must be exactly one definition. A definition tells the compiler to set aside storage for the variable. A declaration makes the variable known to parts of the program that may wish to use it. A variable might be defined and declared in the same statement.
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30. In what ways do design patterns help build better software? ANS: Design patterns help software developers to reuse successful designs and architectures. It helps them to choose design alternatives that make a system reusable and avoid alternatives that compromise reusability through proven techniques as design patterns. 31. Do Global variables start out as zero? ANS: Uninitialized variables declared with the "static" keyword are initialized to zero. Such variables are implicitly initialized to the null pointer if they are pointers and to 0.0F if they are floating point numbers. Local variables start out containing garbage, unless they are explicitly initialized. Memory obtained with malloc () and realloc () is likely to contain junk, and must be initialized. Memory obtained with calloc () is all-bits-0, but this is not necessarily useful for pointer or floating-point values (This is in contrast to Global pointers and Global floating point numbers, which start as zeroes of the right type). 32. How are JavaBeans differ from Enterprise JavaBeans? ANS: The JavaBeans architecture is meant to provide a format for general-purpose components. On the other hand, the Enterprise JavaBeans architecture provides a format for highly specialized business logic components. 33. Where many variables be defined in C? ANS: Outside a function definition (global scope, from the point of definition downward in the source code). Inside a block before any statements other than variable declarations (local scope with respect to the block). 34. What is multi-threading? ANS: Multi-threading as the name suggests is the scenario where more than one threads are running.
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35. What are the access modifiers in Java? ANS: There are 3 access modifiers. Public, protected and private, and the default one if no identifier is specified is called friendly, but programmer cannot specify the friendly identifier explicitly. 36. What is the purpose of garbage collection in Java, and when is it used? ANS: The purpose of garbage collection is to identify and discard objects that are no longer needed by a program so that their resources can be reclaimed and reused. A Java object is subject to garbage collection when it becomes unreachable to the program in which it is used. 37. What is the use of synchronizations? ANS: Every object has a lock, when a synchronized keyword is used on a piece of code the, lock must be obtained by the thread first to execute that code, other threads will not be allowed to execute that piece of code till this lock is released. 38. Describe synchronization in respect to multithreading. ANS: With respect to multithreading, synchronization is the capability to control the access of multiple threads to shared resources. Without synchronization, it is possible for one thread to modify a shared variable while another thread is in the process of using or updating same shared variable. This usually leads to significant errors. 39. What are the implicit objects? List them. ANS: Certain objects those are available for the use in JSP documents without being declared first. These objects are parsed by the JSP engine and inserted into the generated servlet. The implicit objects are: request response pageContext session
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application out config page exception 40. What are the three types of priority? ANS: MAX_PRIORITY which is 10, MIN_PRIORITY which is 1, NORM_PRIORITY which is 5.
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