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HW 3

This document contains 13 homework problems about quantum computing concepts such as unitary matrices, quantum gates, and quantum circuits. The problems involve tasks like finding the inverse of a unitary matrix, identifying properties of quantum gates, applying quantum gates and circuits to quantum states, and analyzing entangled quantum states.

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321 views3 pages

HW 3

This document contains 13 homework problems about quantum computing concepts such as unitary matrices, quantum gates, and quantum circuits. The problems involve tasks like finding the inverse of a unitary matrix, identifying properties of quantum gates, applying quantum gates and circuits to quantum states, and analyzing entangled quantum states.

Uploaded by

sarathkumar3389
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CS191x Homework 3

1. Let U =

1 3 . What is U ? 3i i

2. Which of the following unitary matrices is not self-inverse? (An invertible matrix U is selfinverse if U 1 = U .) (a) X = (b) Z = (c) H = (d) R = 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

cos sin sin cos 1 0 0 0 1 0 (e) CN OT = 0 0 0 0 0 1

where = 0 0 1 0

(f) All unitary matrices are self-inverse. 3. Suppose we have a one-qubit unitary U that maps |0 to 1 |0 + 22i |1 and |1 to 3 3 What is U ?
1 4. Suppose we have a one-qubit unitary U that maps |0 to 2 |0 + 3i1 |1 2 2 3i 2 |1 2+2i 3 |0

1 |1 . 3 +

and |+ to

1 3i |0 2 2

. What is U ?

5. What is ZX applied to |0 ? 6. What is ZX applied to H|0 ? 7. Suppose we have a qubit in the state | . We know that if we measure it in the standard 7 basis, the probability of getting a 0 is 9 . Now, if we instead rst apply a Hadamard gate and then measure the resulting qubit H| in the sign basis, what is the probability of getting a +?

8. Which of the following pairs of quantum gates commute? Select all that apply. (Gates A and B commute if and only if for any input applying A and then B gives the same results as applying B and then A. This is the same as saying that the unitary transformations commute.) (a) I and X (b) X and Z (c) H and X (d) CN OT and X applied to the target qubit (e) Real rotation by 30 and real rotation by 45 9. Suppose we had two qubits in the state | , to which we applied the following quantum circuit. X Z Now, we changed our minds and want to recover the original state | . How can we do this? (a) X (b) Z (c) X Z (d) Measure it in the standard basis. (e) There is no way to recover it. 10. Suppose we have two qubits in the state (a|0 + b|1 )|0 , to which we apply the following circuit. (a) Is the resulting state entangled? (b) Specify the state of each qubit after we applied the circuit. 11. We want to construct a quantum circuit C that achieves the following, where we know | to be either |+ or | . | | C |0 | What is C? 2 X Z

(a) H H H (b) H (c) H (d) H H H H H H H

(e) No such circuit exists because of the no cloning theorem. 12. For this problem, recall that the angle between two vectors |u and |v is given by the equation cos = | u | v |. Suppose we want to carry out a quantum experiment in which we are supposed to apply a one-qubit gate U to a qubit in the state | . However, as preparing this state | was very dicult, we ended up preparing | instead, which makes an angle of with | . What can be said about the angle between U | and U | ?. (a) It will be strictly smaller than . (b) It can take on any value in [0, ]. (c) It will always be exactly equal to . (d) It can take on any value in [ , ]. 2 (e) It can take on any value in [0, ]. 2 13. Alice and Bob share a state a| + + + b| , where the rst qubit is Alices and the second qubit is Bobs. Alice measures her qubit in the standard basis and sends the measurement outcome to Bob. If Bob wants his qubit in a|+ + b| , what gate does he apply in the following two cases? Choose your answer from I, X, Z, H. Alices outcome is 0: Alices outcome is 1:

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