Recent Applications in Control Engineering April 16, 2010

BI-FREQUENCY CONTROL OF AUXILIARY RESONANT SNUBBER FOR FORWARD CONVERTER USING PIC CONTROLLER
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S.Ganesh1, S.Ganesh kumar2 Ug Scholar, Ug Scholar, Sree Sowdambika College of engineering

Abstract - The objective of the project is to reduce the conducted EMI by using bifrequency modulation control. Here the switching frequency of the SMPS is varied over a control range. So the average value of the power spectral density gets reduced .By doing so the noise generated by the SMPS spread across a well defined frequency band. As a result the average value of the power spectral density is drastically reduced. The reduced noise is showed with the help of spectrum analyzer. Keywords Forward type DC-DC converter, Zero voltage soft switching, Zero current soft switching, neutral point inductor connected Auxiliary resonant snubber (NPC-ARS) circuit

filter and the metal and magnetic component shield for the EMI/RFI and to the PFC converter circuit and the large input filter for the input harmonic current.

Fig: 1. SMPS system configuration.

I. INTRODUCTION Electro-Magnetic Interference is a great concern to the power electronic circuit engineers. Due to the rapid switching of high current and high voltage, interference emission is a serious problem in switching power circuits. Many products fail to make it to the market because of the failure to comply with government EMI regulations. EMI noise reduction is generally accomplished by three means suppression of noise source, isolation of noise coupling path, and filter/shielding. In recent years, the switching mode power supply (SMPS) System have been achieved The high power density and high performances by developed power semi conductor devices such as IGBT, MOSFET and SIC. However, using the switching power semiconductor in the SMPS system, the problem of the switching loss and EMI/RFI noises has been closed up. For keeping up with the limitation, the SMPS system must add its system to the noise

On the other hand, the power semi conductor device technology development can achieve the high frequency switching operation. The increase in the switching losses can be accomplished due to the high frequency operation. Of course the inductor and the transformer size have been reduced due to the increase in switching frequency. Even though the conducted noise is present in this circuit. It can be reduced by using Bifrequency modulation control in the NPC ARS circuit. II. NOVEL FORWARD TYPE SOFTSWITCHING DC-DC CONVERTER The typical switching mode power supply circuit configuration of our research target is shown in Fig. 1. We have modified the part of DC-DC converter to achieve the complete soft switching operation in active Power semiconductor devices of the forward converter.Fig.2 shows the schematic configuration of the modified forward type soft switching DC-DC converter with a neutral point inductor connected auxiliary resonant snubber (NPCARS) circuit.

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Recent Applications in Control Engineering April 16, 2010

Fig: 2. Forward type soft switching DC-DC converter with a neutral point inductor connected auxiliary resonant snubber (NPCARS) circuit. The proposed NPC-ARS circuit consists of active power semiconductor devices, Sa, a resonant capacitor Cr1, two power diode Dal and Da2. Using this NPC-ARS circuit, the zero voltage soft switching (ZVS) turn off or the zero current soft switching (ZCS) turn on can be achieved in main switching device S1, and ZCS turn on and turn off be in auxiliary switch Sa. So that, the switching losses in each active power semiconductor device will be zero completely. III.OPERATION PRINCIPLE OF NPCARS CIRCUIT The operation principle of the proposed forward type DC-DC converter with NPCARS circuit is shown below. Also the Fig 3 shows the waveforms of the modes of operations given below. The operating principle of the proposed forward type soft switching DC-DC converter is described as follows. 1. Steady state mode ON. 2. Commutation mode 1. 3. Steady state mode OFF. 4. Commutation mode 2.S

Fig: 3. Illustration waveforms on each mode in case of the proposed forward type soft switching DC-DC converter with the NPC-ARS circuit. STEADY STATE MODE ON: (S: on, S1: on, Sa: off)

Fig: 4. Switch S1Turn on and Sa Turn off. In this state, the transformer current flows through the main active power semiconductor device S1 and the primary energy conducts to secondary side of transformer. If the main active power semiconductor deviceS1 is turned off, the

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Recent Applications in Control Engineering April 16, 2010 operation mode changes to the next circuit condition mode, Commutation Mode 1. COMMUTATION MODE 1: (S: off, S1: off, Sa: off) In this mode, the active power semiconductor devices S1 and Sa can be achieved the complete ZCS transition by the leakage inductance and auxiliary resonant inductor Lr. The energy in the primary side of transformer T1 is conducted to the secondary side.

Fig: 5. Switch S1and Sa Turn off. The energy in the leakage inductance of transformer T is flowing through the resonant capacitor Crl by turned main active power semiconductor device S1 off. When the leakage inductance current reach zero, the operation mode changes to the next steady state mode, Steady State Mode OFF. STEADY STATE MODE OFF: (S: on, S1: off, Sa: off) Fig: 7. Switch S1 and Sa Turn on. Furthermore, the energy in the resonant capacitor Crl flows to the secondary side of the transformer through the transformer T. When the voltage of the resonant capacitor Crl reaches zero, the operation mode is changed to the first circuit condition mode, Steady State Mode ON. IV. SIMULATION CIRCUITS AND RESULTS The below Fig: 8 is the simulation circuit for the boost converter. The Fig: 9 shows the output for the boost converter circuit

Fig: 6. Switch S1and Sa Turn off. The energy in the primary side of transformer is broken off the secondary side in this circuit condition mode. If the main active power semiconductor device S1 and auxiliary active power semiconductor device Sa are turned on, the operation mode changes to the next circuit condition mode Commutation Mode 2. 4. COMMUTATION MODE 2 : (S: off, S1: on, Sa: on)

Fig .8. Simulation Circuit for boost converter.

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Recent Applications in Control Engineering April 16, 2010

Voltage (v)

Voltage (v)

Time (s)

Time (s)
Fig: 12 .Driving pulses

Fig: 9. Output Waveform for boost converter The circuit shown below is the simulation circuit for the proposed circuit with Resistive load.

The circuit shown below is the simulation circuit for the proposed circuit with RL load.

Fig: 10. Simulation Circuit for the Proposed Circuit with R load. The Fig: 11 show the output wave form for the propsed circuit. The load used here is Resistive load. with that we get an output of 12v.

Fig: 13. Simulation Circuit for the Proposed Circuit with RL load. The Fig: 14 show the output wave form for the propsed circuit. The load used is RL load. With that we get an output of 12v.

Voltage (v)

Time (s)

Voltage (v)

Fig: 11. Output Waveform of the circuit with R load

Time (s)

Fig 14. Output Waveform of the circuit with RL load

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Recent Applications in Control Engineering April 16, 2010 V.DESIGN CALCULATIONS:

For Boost Converter: Input VoltageV1 Output Voltage Output Power Output current = 1615% VDC = 48V = 60w = (60/48) A

Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Power Switching fs[kHz] Smoothing Capacitor C Output Smoothing Inductor L Inductance of NPC-ARS circuit Lr Capacitance of NPC-ARS circuit Crl Smoothing Capacitor C2

Design Formulas:
v0 = (v1 (1 Dr )) I1 = I 0 (1 Dr )

Design Formulas to calculate L and C:

[ F ] [ ] [ mH ] [ pF ] [ F ]

(1) (2)

For Forward Converter: Design Formulas to find Lr and Cr1: 1 2 1 Li = Cr1v 2 2 2 1 f = 2 Lr Cr1

(3)

A new conceptual circuit configuration of the forward type soft switching DC-DC converter which has a neutral point inductor connected auxiliary resonant snubber (NPCARS) circuit is presented with its operating principle in steady state From these results, it is confirmed that the soft switching commutation have been achieved incase of both the MOS-FET S1 and Sa. Furthermore, the efficiency is improved in higher output power condition. So the proposed forward type soft switching DC-DC converter is suitable for high power applications.

For Filter Circuit: Design Formulas to find L and C2:

2 (1 4 2 LC2 ) 3 = ripple voltage

(4)

VI.CIRCUIT PARAMETERS OF PROPOSED CIRCUIT

VII.CONCLUSION
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