WSH Manual Marine Industries
WSH Manual Marine Industries
WSH Manual Marine Industries
Contents
Publishers Note
Introduction
Reference Standards
Annexes
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1. Publishers Note
Management of safety and health using a management system approach has been recognised worldwide as one important way to manage safety and health at the workplace. The Workplace Safety and Health (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations also require the occupier of a shipyard to implement and maintain a safety and health management system to ensure the safety and to protect the health of every person in the shipyard. This manual is a joint effort by the Workplace Safety and Health Council Marine Industries Committee, Ministry of Manpower (MOM) and Association of Singapore Marine Industries (ASMI) to provide companies in the marine industry with a reference for the management of workplace safety and health using a systemic approach. The structure of this manual closely follows that of a typical safety management system based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) continual improvement cycle. Each main section of the manual can be matched to a corresponding clause in the Singapore Standards SS506 on Occupational Safety and Health Management System. The manual starts with a general introduction, reference standards, and terms and definition. As with the SS506, the key contents are in Section 4, which provides the relevant elements of the management system. In particular, sections 5.2 SHE Policy, 5.3 Planning, 5.4 Implementation and Operation, 5.5 Checking and Corrective Actions, 5.6 Management Review, and their subsections provide the bulk of the management system elements. This structure allows easy reference for the users, and makes development, implementation, audit and review of the management system easier with respect to that of Singapore and even international safety, health and environmental management standards. Similarly, it also provides easy update, expansion and amendment of this manual to stay in line with the SS506. The manual contents were developed in close reference to the following:
Safety Health and Environmental Manual, 1999, ASMI Guidelines on Safety Management System for the Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Industry Workplace Safety and Health (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations 2008 Current good practices in ASMI companies
Matters relating to implementation and operational controls of safety and health, including the requirements under the SS506 and the Workplace Safety and Health (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations can be found in Section 4.4. In addition, useful information such as risk assessments in the marine industry, checklists, training requirements etc., are included in the Annexes to this manual for reference. A mapping of the relevant sections in this manual with the corresponding clauses in other safety and health management systems is also included in the Annex. The above mentioned structure and content, makes the manual an apt reference for the development and implementation of control measures and management system. It is also suitable for use for audit purposes and by personnel in the shipbuilding and ship-repairing industry, especially those involved in the preparation, supervision and execution of repair, conversion and new building works for all types of vessels in shipyards.
2. Introduction
2.1 Purpose
This manual provides guidelines for the preparation of a companys safety, health and environmental management system. The guidelines are general since an individual companys requirements vary with the size of the company, range of operations, types of vessel handled, management policy etc. The objectives of the manual are to: Highlight the important aspects of safety, health and environmental protection to assist companies in planning, implementing and auditing management systems in order to satisfy company, legal and social obligations; and Assist companies to put in place safe work practices and management systems to enhance their safety performance.
3. Reference Standards
The following reference standards were used during the development of this manual: 3.1 Singapore Standards SS506 Occupational Safety and Health Management System 3.2 ISO 14001 Environmental Management System 3.3 Occupational Safety and Health Assessment Series 18001 The structure of this manual is similar to that of the above standards, which are representative of SHE management systems. Similar to these standards, the Plan-Do-Check-Act continual improvement framework has been adopted for this manual.
Accident
An unplanned event resulting in actual ill health or injury, damage to property, plant, ships or environment, production losses or increased liabilities.
Act
Unless otherwise stated, Act refers to The Workplace Safety and Health Act 2006
Action Verbs
Must Should May May not : : : : Action which is mandatory Action which is essential unless the company has an equally effective alternative approach Action which is at the discretion of the company Action which is prohibited
Administrative Control
Implementation of any administrative requirement which includes a permit-to-work system, safe work procedures (including that during emergency), warnings and signs, work-rest regime etc.
Competent Person
A person who has sufficient experience and training to perform the work required. 2
Confined Space
An area where dangerous fumes are liable to be present to such an extent as to involve risk of persons being overcome thereby; or the supply of air is inadequate, or is likely to be reduced to be inadequate, for sustaining life, as defined in Section 25, WSH (General Provision) Regulations.
Contractor
Any company or individual engaged by the shipyard to perform work in the shipyard or to provide labour, equipment, facilities or material to be used in the shipyard.
Designated Person
A competent person appointed in writing by: An occupier of a shipyard; An employer of persons carrying out work in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour; or A principal who gives direction to persons on the work carried out by those persons in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour, to perform any task or duty prescribed under these Regulations.
Element
An aspect of safety to be taken into account in the comprehensive management of safety within the enterprise. In particular, the list defined in Second Schedule, WSH (General Provisions) Regulations.
Engineering Control
The application of any scientific principle for the control of any workplace hazard; and Includes the application of physical means or measures to any work process, equipment or the work environment such as the installation of any barrier, enclosure, guarding, interlock or ventilation system.
Environmental Aspect
Element of an organisations activities or products or services that can interact with the environment.
Environmental Impact
Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organisations environmental aspects.
Hazard
A source, situation or act with the potential for harm in terms of: Ill health or injury, or both; Damage to property, plant or ships; Pollution of environment; Production losses or increased liabilities.
Hazardous Work
Any work that is likely to endanger the life of any person in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour and includes any type of work which is specified by the Commissioner in writing as hazardous work.
Hot Work
Riveting, welding, flame cutting or burning and includes any other work involving the use or generation of heat or the production of sparks.
Incident
An unplanned event which results in, or has the potential to result in: Ill health or injury; Damage to property, plant, ships or environment; and Production losses or increased liabilities.
In-house Rules
Instructions and prohibitions relating to behaviour, discipline and administration within the shipyard. Organisation, company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration.
Procedure
The step-by-step method for carrying out a task safely and to the quality level required.
Regulation
A statutory requirement issued in association with an Act passed by the Singapore Government, unless otherwise stated Regulation means any regulation made under the Workplace Safety and Health (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations 2008.
Responsible Person
In relation to any work carried out in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour, means: In the case of a shipyard, the occupier of the shipyard; and In the case of a ship in a harbour: - The employer of any person who carries out the work; or - The principal under whose direction any person carries out the work.
Shipyard
Shipyard includes any dry or wet dock, wharf, jetty and quay, and the precincts thereof.
Risk
The combination of the probability of an incident and its consequences. All WSH risk must be reduced by either making an incident less likely to happen or / and the consequences less serious to a level that is As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).
Risk Assessment
The process of evaluating the probability and consequences of injury or illness arising from exposure to an identified hazard, and determining the appropriate measures for risk control.
Safety
Freedom from unacceptable risk of harm including: The protection of people from physical or health hazards; The protection of assets; and The maintenance of production capability.
System
The organisation, responsibilities, procedures, resources and processes by which an enterprise plans to achieve its policy and objectives. In this document, unless otherwise stated, system refers to Safety, Health and Environmental Management System, which is the means by which the organisation implements its safety, health and environmental policy and objectives.
Principal
A person who, in connection with any trade, business, profession or undertaking carried out by him, engages any other person otherwise than under a contract of service: To supply any labour for gain or reward; or To do any work for gain or reward.
4.2 Abbreviations
ASMI BCD CP MOM MPA SDS NEA PPE SCDF Association of Singapore Marine Industries Building Control Department Code of Practice Ministry of Manpower Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore Safety Data Sheet National Environmental Agency Personal Protective Equipment Singapore Civil Defence Force 4
Safety Health and Environment Safety, Health and Environmental Management System Safety Management System Ship Repair Manager Vessel Safety Coordination Committee Concentration by Volume Workplace Safety and Health Workplace Safety and Health Council
5.3 Planning
5.3.1 Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control 5.3.1.1 WSH Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control
Under the WSH (Risk Management) Regulations, employer, self-employed and principal should conduct risk assessment in relation to WSH risks posed to any person who may be affected by his undertakings. The employer, self-employed and principal must take reasonably practicable measure to eliminate the risks. Where elimination is not reasonably practicable, the employer, self-employed person or principal should implement such reasonably practicable measures to minimise the risk; and such safe work procedures to control the risk. The organisation should establish and document procedures for ongoing identification of hazards, assessment of risks and implementation of control measures. A risk management programme should be established and include the following:
Hazard Identification
The identification process should also include consideration of: The way work is organised, managed and carried out, including any changes that has occurred; The design of workplaces, work processes, materials, plant and equipment; The fabrication, installation, commissioning, handling and disposal of materials, workplaces, plant and equipment; The purchasing of goods and services; The contracting and sub-contracting of plant, equipment, services and labour including contract specifications and responsibilities to and by contractors; and The inspection, maintenance, testing, repair and replacement of plant and equipment.
Risk Assessment
All risk associated with the hazards identified should be evaluated and assessed and assigned control priorities based on the established level of risk.
Training
The shipyard should ensure that the maintenance personnel are trained and competent in the relevant work practices and maintenance procedures.
Review
The risk assessment should be reviewed and revised: At least once every 3 years; and Upon the occurrence of any body injuries to any person as a result of exposure to a hazard in the workplace; or Where there is a significant change in work practices or procedures. The MOM Workplace Safety and Health Management: Risk Assessment Risk Assessment Guidelines attached in Annex C-1 provides helpful guides for the conduct of risk assessment. ASMI recommends the use of the 5x5 matrix for risk assessment. The matrix is attached as Annex C-2. Risk matrices and templates drawn up by the members of ASMI during a workshop are available for download for reference at the ASMI website. Eight samples for common operations such as scaffolding, tank cleaning, steel work, painting and blasting, mechanical work, electrical work, marine piping and marine transporting are attached in Annex C-3. Samples of the compendium of typical hazards in the shipbuilding and ship-repairing industry are also available at the MOM and the Workplace Safety and Health Council websites.
The environmental impact of the corresponding aspects should be assessed to identify its significance. This can be done using methods similar to that for risk assessment for safety and health hazards , such as the risk matrix.
Legislation
Safety and Health
Protection and Management Act, previously titled Environmental Pollution Control Act (Chapter 94A)
Area of Application
Workplace safety and health of person at work including making provisions for: General duties of persons at workplaces, such as employers, occupiers, principals, persons at work, manufacturer and suppliers, machine installer etc.; Investigations, inquiries and reporting of accidents, dangerous occurrences and occupational diseases; Safety and health management arrangements; Codes of practice applicable for providing practical guidance with respect to the requirements of this Act relating to safety, health and welfare at work. Fire protection against safety, persons and property. Import, manufacturing, sales, transport, storage, disposal, possession and use of radioactive materials and irradiating apparatus.
Environment
Environmental Protection and Management Act, previously titled Environmental Pollution Control Act (Chapter 94A) Protection and management of the environment and resource conservation including: Control of: - Air, water and land pollution; - Hazardous substances; - Environmental noise; License and industrial plant works; Pollution control measures; Energy conservation. Matters pertaining to environmental public health such as: Removal of refuse; Cleanliness in public areas; Disposal and treatment of industrial waste; Public nuisances; Sanitary requirements; Health requirements for buildings. The treatment and discharge of industrial wastewater into public sewers. Control on the types of pesticides used for vector control, including pesticides and repellents to ensure that they are safe for use by vector control operators. Make provisions for labelling requirements for pesticides products. Registration of vector control companies and licensing of supervisors and workers. Prevention of pollution of sea from: Land and apparatus; Ships; Prevention measures against pollution of sea. Make provision for compensation of employees due to injury and illnesses arising from work.
Sewerage and Drainage Act (Chapter 294) Control of Vectors and Pesticides Act (Chapter 59)
Primary Legislation
Safety and Health
Workplace Safety and Health Act (Chapter 104)
Subsidiary Legislation
WSH (Workplace Safety and Health Officers) Regulations 2007 WSH (General Provisions) Regulations 2006 WSH (Registration of Factories) Regulations 2006 WSH (Construction) Regulations 2007 WSH (First Aid) Regulations 2006 WSH (Incident Reporting) Regulations 2006 WSH (Risk Management) Regulations 2006 WSH (Exemption) Order 2006 WSH (Composition of Offences) Regulations 2006 WSH (Transitional Provision) Regulations 2006 WSH (Safety Officers) Regulations 2007 WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations 2008 Regulations under the repealed Factories Act which are still applicable: Factories (Abrasive Blasting) Regulations Factories (Asbestos) Regulations Factories (Certificate of Competency - Examinations) Regulations Factories (Explosive Powered Tools) Regulations Factories (Medical Examinations) Regulations Factories (Noise) Regulations Factories (Operations of Cranes) Regulations Factories (Persons-In-Charge) Regulations Factories (Registration and Other Services - Fees and Forms) Regulations Factories (Safety Committees) Regulations Factories (Safety Training Courses) Order Factories (Scaffolds) Regulations 2004
Fire Safety (Building Fire Safety) Regulations 1994 Fire Safety, (Registered Inspectors) Regulations 1994 Fire Safety (Fire Safety Managers) Regulations 1994 Fire Safety (Fire Emergency Plan) Regulations 1994 Fire Safety (Designation of Premises Requiring Fire Emergency Plan) Notification 1994 Fire Safety (Exemption) Order 1994 Fire Safety (Specification of Premises Requiring Fire Safety Managers) Notification1995 Fire Safety Act - Fire Safety (Building Fire Safety) (Amendment) 2004 Fire Safety (Fire Safety Engineers) Regulations 2004 Fire Safety Act - Fire Safety (Fire Safety Engineers) (Code of Professional Conduct and Ethics) Regulations 2004 Fire Safety Act - Fire Safety (Registered Inspectors) (Amendment) Regulations 2004 Fire Safety (Registered Inspectors) (Code of Professional Conduct and Ethics) (Amendment) Regulations 2004 Fire Safety (Buildings Requiring Fire Certificate) Order 2004 Fire Safety (Petroleum and Flammable Materials) Regulations 2005 Fire Safety (Petroleum and Flammable Materials exemption) Order 2005 Fire Safety (Exemption - Amendment) order 2005 Fire Safety Act - Fire Safety (Petroleum and Flammable Materials) (Amendment) Regulations 2006 Fire Safety Act - Fire Safety (Fire Safety Managers) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 Fire Safety Act - Fire Safety (Fire Safety Managers) (Amendment No. 2) Regulations 2007 Fire Safety (Occupier or Owner of Industrial Premises to Appoint Fire Safety Managers) Notification 1997 Radiation Protection (Non-Ionising Radiation) Regulations Radiation Protection (Ionising Radiation) Regulations Radiation Protection (Transport of Radioactive Materials) Regulations Radiation Protection (Transit and Transhipment) (Exemption) Regulations 2007 9
Primary Legislation
Environment
Environmental Protection and Management Act (Previously titled as Environmental Pollution Control Act (Chapter 94A))
Subsidiary Legislation
Environmental Pollution Control (Boundary Noise Limits for Factory Premises) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Control of Noise at Construction Sites) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Fees for Licences) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Hazardous Substances) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Trade Effluent) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Vehicular Emissions) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Air Impurities) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Ozone Depleting Substances) Regulations Environmental Pollution Control (Prohibition on the Use of Open Fires) Order Environmental Public Health (Burning of Joss Sticks and Candles) Regulations Environmental Public Health (Registration of Environmental Control Officers) Regulations Environmental Public Health (Public Cleansing) Regulations Environmental Public Health (Cooling Towers and Water Fountains) Regulations Environmental Public Health (Toxic Industrial Waste) Regulations Environmental Public Health (General Waste Collection) Regulations Environmental Protection and Management (Energy Conservation) Regulations 2007 Environmental Protection and Management (Registrable Goods) Order 2007 Sewerage and Drainage (Surface Water Drainage) Regulations Sewerage and Drainage (Trade Effluence) Regulations Sewerage and Drainage (Sanitary Works) Regulations Control of Vectors and Pesticides (Registration, Licensing and Certification) Regulations
Control of Vectors and Pesticides Act (Chapter 59) Smoking (Prohibition in Certain Places) Act, Cap. 310 The Prevention of Pollution of the Sea (Amended) Act 1996
Prevention of Pollution of Sea from: Land and Apparatus Ships Prevention Measures Against Pollution of Sea Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import and Transit) Regulations Hazardous Waste (Extend Meaning of Hazardous and other Wastes - Indonesia) Notification Hazardous Waste (Extend Meaning of Hazardous and other Wastes - Malaysia) Notification 2005 Hazardous Waste (Extend Meaning of Hazardous and other Wastes - Philippines) Notification 2005 Hazardous Waste (Extend Meaning of Hazardous and other Wastes - Thailand) Notification 2005 Work Injury Compensation Act - Work Injury Compensation Regulations 2008 Work Injury Compensation Act - Work Injury Compensation (Composition of Offences) Regulations 2008 Work Injury Compensation Act - Workmens Compensation (Medical Board) (Amendment) Regulations 2008 Work Injury Compensation Act - Workmens Compensation (Workers Fund) (Amendment) Regulations 2008 Work Injury Compensation Act - Workmens Compensation Insurance (Amendment) Regulations 2008 Work Injury Compensation Act - Workmens Compensation (Fees) (Amendment) Regulations 2008 Workmens Compensation Act - Workmens Compensation (Cancellation) Notification 2008
Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import and Transit) Act, Cap. 122A
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Primary Legislation
Electricity Act
Subsidiary Legislation
Electricity (Electrical Workers) Regulations 2004 Electricity (Composition of Offences) Regulations 2004 Electricity (Cable Detection Workers) Regulations 2004 Electricity (Contestable Consumers) (No. 2) Regulations 2004 Electricity (Electrical Installations) Regulations 2004 Electricity (Electricity Generation and Retail Licence) (Exemption) Order 2004 Electricity (Electricity Generation Licence) (Exemption) (No. 2) Order 2004 Electricity (Licensing of Electrical and Supply Installations) (Exemption) Notification 2004 Electricity Act - Electricity (Electrical Workers) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 Electricity Act - Electricity (Cable Detection Workers) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 Electricity Act - Electricity (Electrical Installations) (Amendment) Regulations 2007
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SS 508 : Part 3 : 2004 Specification for Graphical Symbols - Safety Colours and Safety Signs Part 3 : Safety Signs Used in Workplaces and Public Areas SS 513 : Part 1 : 2005 Specification for Personal Protective Equipment - Footwear Part 1 : Safety Footwear SS 513 : Part 2 : 2005 Specification for Personal Protective Equipment - Footwear Part 2 : Test Methods for Footwear Other WSH Related CP and SS All the Codes of Practice and Singapore Standards listed above, as well as those in Annex B-2 are published by SPRING Singapore and can be purchased at www.singaporestandardseshop.sg
a) Occupier of Workplace
1) Take reasonably practicable measures to ensure that: a) The workplace; b) All means of access to or egress from the workplace; and c) Any machinery, equipment, plant, article or substance kept on the workplace, are safe and without risks to health to every person within those premises, whether or not the person is at work or is an employee of the occupier.
b) Employers
1) Take reasonably practicable measures as are necessary to ensure the safety and health of: a) His employees at work; b) Persons (not being his employees) who may be affected by any undertaking carried on by him in the workplace 2) The measures necessary to ensure the safety and health of employees at work include: a) Providing and maintaining for those persons, a work environment which is safe, without risk to health, and adequate as regards to the facilities and arrangements for their welfare at work; b) Ensuring that adequate safety measures are taken in respect of any machinery, equipment, plant, article or process used by those persons; 12
c) Ensuring that those persons are not exposed to hazards arising out of the arrangement, disposal, manipulation, organisation, processing, storage, transport, working or use of things: i) In their workplace; or ii) Near their workplace and under the control of the employer; d) Developing and implementing procedures for dealing with emergencies that may arise while those persons are at work; and e) Ensuring that the person at work has adequate instruction, information, training and supervision as is necessary for that person to perform his work. 3) Where required by the regulations, give to persons (not being his employees) the prescribed information about such aspects of the way in which he conducts his undertaking as might affect their safety or health while those persons are at his workplace. 4) Assessment risks and take reasonably practicable measures to ensure the safety and health of persons at the workplace affected by his undertakings.
c) Self-employed Persons
1) Take reasonably practicable measures to ensure the safety and health of persons (not being his employees) who may be affected by any undertaking carried on by him in the workplace. 2) Give to persons (not being his employees) the prescribed information about such aspects of the way in which he conducts his under taking as might affect their safety or health while those persons are at his workplace. 3) Assess risks and takes reasonably practicable measures to ensure the safety and health of persons at the workplace affected by his undertakings.
d) Principals
1) Take reasonably practicable measures to ensure the safety and health of persons under his direction on the manner in which work is to be carried out. Such persons include: a) Any contractor engaged by the principal when at work; b) Any direct or indirect subcontractor engaged by such contractor when at work; c) Any employee employed by such contractor or subcontractor when at work. 2) Take reasonably practicable measures, and provide relevant information, as are necessary to ensure the safety and health of persons (other than a person referred to in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c) working under the principals direction) who may be affected by any undertaking carried out by him in the workplace. 3) Assess risks and take reasonably practicable measures to ensure the safety and health of persons at the workplace affected by his undertakings.
e) Persons at Work
1) It shall be the duty of every person at work: a) To use in such manner so as to provide the protection intended, any suitable appliance, protective clothing, convenience, equipment or other means or thing provided (whether for his use alone or for use by him in common with others) for securing his safety, health and welfare while at work; and b) To co-operate with his employer or principal and any other person to such extent as will enable his employer, principal or the other person, as the case may be, to comply with the provisions of this Act. 2) Not to wilfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse any appliance, protective clothing, convenience, equipment or other means or thing provided (whether for his use alone or for use by him in common with others) pursuant to any requirement under this Act for securing the safety, health or welfare of persons (including himself ) at work.
c) Extend to the supply of the machinery, equipment or hazardous substance by way of sale, transfer, lease or hire and whether as principal or agent, and to the supply of the machinery, equipment or hazardous substance to a person for the purpose of supply to others. 3) The duties imposed on any person specified in subsection (1) shall not apply to a person by reason only that the person supplies the machinery or equipment under a hire-purchase agreement, conditional sale agreement or credit-sale agreement to another (referred to in this section as the customer) in the course of a business of financing the acquisition of the machinery or equipment by the customer from others. 4) Where a person (referred to in this subsection as the ostensible supplier) supplies any machinery or equipment for use at work to a customer under a hire-purchase agreement, conditional sale agreement or credit-sale agreement, and the ostensible supplier: a) Carries on the business of financing the acquisition of goods by others by means of such agreements; and b) In the course of that business acquired his interest in the machinery or equipment supplied to the customer as a means of financing its acquisition by the customer from a third person (referred to in this subsection as the effective supplier), the effective supplier shall be treated for the purposes of this section as supplying the machinery or equipment to the customer instead of the ostensible supplier, and any duty imposed by subsection (1) on a supplier shall accordingly apply to the effective supplier, and not on the ostensible supplier. 5) Where a person designs, manufactures or supplies any machinery, equipment or hazardous substance for use at work and does so for or to another on the basis of a written undertaking by that other to take specified steps sufficient to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the machinery, equipment or hazardous substance will be safe and without risk to health when properly used, the undertaking shall have the effect of relieving the firstmentioned person from the duty imposed by subsection (1)(b) to such extent as is reasonable having regard to the terms of the undertaking. 6) Any person required under subsection (1)(c) to ensure that any machinery, equipment or hazardous substance is examined and tested so as to comply with the obligation imposed by subsection (1)(b) shall be regarded as having complied with subsection (1)(c) to the extent that: a) The examination or test has already been carried out otherwise than by, or on behalf of, the person; and b) It is reasonable for the person to rely on that examination or test. 7) For the purposes of this section, an absence of safety, or a risk to health, shall be disregarded in so far as the case in or in relation to which it would arise is shown to be one the occurrence of which could not reasonably be foreseen. 8) In this section, supplier, in relation to any machinery, equipment or hazardous substance, does not include a manufacturer of those items when supplying, but includes an importer when supplying those items. 9) This section shall apply only to machinery, equipment or hazardous substance specified in the Fifth Schedule of the WSH Act.
g) Persons Who Erect, Install or Modify Machinery or Equipment and Persons in Control of Machinery for Use at Work
1) Take reasonably practicable measures to ensure that, the machinery or equipment is erected, installed or modified in such a manner that it is safe, and without risk to health, when properly used. 2) The duty imposed on a person erecting, installing or modifying any machinery or equipment under subsection (1) shall apply only if the machinery or equipment is erected, installed or modified in the course of the persons trade, business, profession or undertaking. 3) Ensure that any machinery or equipment is erected, installed or modified in such a manner that it is safe, and without risk to health, when properly used, shall be regarded as having complied with that subsection to the extent that: a) The person ensured, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the erecting, installation or modification was in accordance with the information supplied by the designer, manufacturer or supplier of the machinery or equipment regarding its erection, installation or modification; and b) It is reasonable for the person to rely on that information. 4) Where any machinery moved by mechanical power is used in any workplace, then notwithstanding anything in this Act, it shall be the duty of the owner of the machinery to ensure: a) So far as is reasonably practicable, that the machinery is maintained in a safe condition; and b) That the precautions (if any) to be taken for the safe use of the machinery and the health hazards (if any) associated with the machinery is available to any person using the machinery. 5) Where the owner of any machinery moved by mechanical power has entered into a contract of hire or lease with a hirer or lessee, the duty imposed under subsection (4) shall apply to the hirer or lessee of the machinery instead of the owner. 6) Where the owner, hirer or lessee of any machinery moved by mechanical power has entered into a contract with another person to maintain the machinery, the duty under subsection (4)(a) shall apply to that other person instead of the owner, hirer or lessee of the machinery. 7) Subsections (1), (2) and (3) shall apply only to machinery or equipment specified in Part I of the Fifth Schedule of WSH Act.
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j) Safety Supervisor
1) Ensure that the provision under WSH Act and Factories (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations are complied with; 2) Promote safe conduct of work in the shipyard or on board the ship; and 3) Liaise with the workplace safety and health officer (WSHO) of the shipyard or the ships safety coordinator on safety and health matters.
k) Safety Coordinator
1) Ensure that the provision under WSH Act and Factories (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations are complied with; 2) Promote safe conduct of work in the shipyard or on board the ship; and 3) Coordinate all work so that such work could be carried out safely.
l) Scaffold Supervisor
1) Ensure that the scaffold is erected, added to or dismantled in accordance with the Regulation.
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WSH officer; WSH co-ordinator; WSH auditor; Accredited Training Provider / Organisation.
Safety Signs
The shipyard should establish a system of colour coding and safety signs to draw attention and provide information on potential hazards. The use of colour coding and safety signs should conform to existing standards or industry best practices.
Documentation
The shipyard should maintain its documentation and records on the in-house safety rules and regulations. The shipyard should update and review the documents periodically.
Review
The shipyard should establish procedures to periodically review the in-house safety rules and regulations to ensure its relevance and effectiveness. Records of such reviews of in-house safety rules and regulations should be maintained.
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The shipyard should establish procedures to identify training needs and provide adequate safety training for all levels of employees including contractors. The safety training should provide management staff with the knowledge and skills necessary for organising and managing occupational safety and health programmes; first-line supervisors and team leaders with leadership skills and knowledge to lead, implement and apply occupational safety and health activities; and workers with the knowledge, skills and right attitudes to enable them to work safely. The training should also include personal communication techniques of shaping human behaviour and promoting safe and responsible behaviour. Training should be based on the logical sequence of: Training needs analysis - a comparison of a persons skills level with the demands of his or her job and hence the identification of skills shortfalls: The shipyard should establish procedures to identify the training needs of managers, supervisory staff and workers to provide them with comprehensive training on in-house safety rules and regulations, statutory requirements, safe work practices, and other relevant occupational safety and health related training; Training resource identification - internal and external courses; Planning - the timing of courses to ensure that people are trained before they have to apply the skills; Administration - allocating people to initial and refresher courses and maintaining records of training completed; Implementation, including releasing personnel for training; Evaluation of training programmes; and Monitoring to ensure that the training is achieving the planned results; Review of need for refresher training to ensure competency.
Appointment
Fire Watchman Lifting Supervisor Marine Metal Scaffold Erector WSH Officer Safety Assessor (Hot Work) Safety Supervisor Supervisor Marine Tradesman Welder, Burner, Gouger, Pipe Worker, Steelworker Ship Repair Manager Painter Tower Crane Operator Mobile Crane Operator Metal Scaffold Supervisor Noise Monitoring Officer Noise Control Officer Rigger Signalman Fire Watchman Course
Course(s)
Safety Instruction Course for Lifting Supervisors Marine Metal Scaffolding Erector Course or Certificate of Competency Marine Metal Scaffolding Certificate Specialist Diploma in WSH Shipyard Safety Assessors (Hot Work Certification) Course Shipyard Safety Assistants Course Shipyard Supervisor Safety Course Shipyard Safety Instruction Course (SSIC) General Trade Shipyard Safety Instruction Course (SSIC) General Trade and SSIC - Hot Work Trade Shipyard Safety Instruction Course (SSIC) for Ship Repair Managers Shipyard Safety Instruction Course (SSIC) General Trade and SSIC - Painter Trade Tower Crane Operator Mobile Crane Operator Marine Metal Scaffolding for Supervisors Course Noise Monitoring Course Noise Control Course Marine Rigger Course Marine Signalman Course
A table on mandatory safety training versus trade-related training matrix is appended at Annex D-1 for reference. 17
c) Skills Training
Apart from courses in subparagraphs a) and b), new employees should also be given training in the skills appropriate to their trades so as to improve their individual performance in their respective trades. There should be sufficient focus given to safety during skills training. For example, skills training in welding will develop ability to weld safely as well as to a required skill standard. The trainee should also be taught the safety precautions and hazards involved.
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Poster Campaigns
These should be deliberate, targeted and live. The posters should be aimed at prioritised areas of concern and should be changed frequently, typically every month.
Magazine
A magazine for internal circulation either wholly devoted to safety, health and environment issues or with a substantial section devoted to these topics given an opportunity, to highlight such items of interest such as: messages from senior management showing the managements commitment to safety, major achievements, alerts and lessons learnt based on experience in the industry, progress of SHE initiatives, and personal stories.
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Competitions
Competitions, with appropriate prizes to be awarded by the participants, may be organised to boost interest and participation rates among workers in the promotional activities. Such competitions should have theme(s) aimed at promoting certain identified safe behaviours, generating awareness or improving safety knowledge such that the participants gain and the organisation benefits in instilling safety values.
Safety Exhibition
Safety exhibitions and road shows can be held to promote safety. Exhibition boards may be displayed at the workplace for viewing by workers during the safety campaign period. Quiz or competition may be incorporated into these exhibitions and road shows so that the workers are more purposeful when they view the exhibition panel and also to boost interest.
Proprietary Initiatives
The company can also launch and implement proprietary initiatives and programmes such as those related to behaviour-based, operational excellence and quality, during safety promotion for the cultivation of safety culture and excellence.
WSH Committee
WSH Committee is one platform on which representatives from various departments and functions, as well as contractors, work together on safety and health matters. The Factories (Safety Committee) Regulations requires the formation of Safety Committees for the purpose of improving, promoting and reviewing all matters relating to the safety and health of employees. The safety committee also acts as a channel for communicating and imparting knowledge and best practices on safety and health to all personnel in the shipyard.
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Ensure that all relevant first-line supervisors and the master, owner and agent of the ship or their representatives are informed of the plan; Review on a daily basis all work in progress on the ship; Plan and co-ordinate the movement and storage of hazardous materials; Review on a daily basis the validity of all permits issued; Specially monitor all hot works carried out on the ship and ensure that all safety measures are maintained throughout the period of such work; Ensure that every confined space is checked: Before any worker enters into it; and Regularly while work is being carried out, for concentrations of oxygen, dangerous gases and flammable vapours and to review the results of such checks; Ensure that every worker is provided with and uses the appropriate personal protective equipment for his work; and Make arrangements and determine the locations for the display of safety signs and permits on board the ship. -
Safety Handbook
The occupier of a shipyard should provide a handbook on safety in languages easily understood by the workers in the shipyard. The Safety Handbook should be an easy-to-read reference on safety aspects of common tasks and behaviour in the shipyard. The target readership should be stated. While the regulation does not specify the contents, it can contain: Safety rules for behaviour in the shipyard; and Safe work practices; Companys policy statement on safety, health and environmental protection; Hazard identification and SHE risks involved; and Risk control measures. It is not feasible to produce all the specific procedures detailed in the previous section of this Manual, covering the different trades and tasks in a handbook. The rules and general practices can be printed in all the relevant languages and illustrations in the form of cartoons, drawings or photographs can help to make the meaning clearer. The handbook can be presented as one composite document (taking care that it does not become too large for convenience) or as separate documents for different groups of workers. In writing the handbook, it is important to note the following points: The document is a handbook and should therefore be small enough to handle and use. It should be written from the users point of view. It should be easy for him or her to understand and put into practice. This includes speakers of languages other than English. It should contain only information which is essential for the reader. 21
Typical Contents of Safety Handbook The typical contents of a safety handbook can be: Introduction Company safety policy; Objectives of the handbook; and Definitions and abbreviations. Safety Rules See section in this manual, refer to Annex E-1. Organisation for Safety Specific responsibilities - management, technical, trade supervision, manual workers, safety specialists; Committees constitution and function; and Ships crew responsibilities. Safety At Work Personal protective equipment; Permit-to-work; Confined space entry, hot work permit, other permits (See section of manual on permit-to-work), gas freeing and monitoring; Inhibiting safety systems; Lifting and slinging; Certification of lifting equipment, crane signals, etc.; Manual handling; Access; Scaffolding, mobile towers, entry into confined space, etc.; Surface treatment; Cleaning, grit blasting, and painting; Electrical - work on electrical installations; Use of tools and equipment; Electrical, manual and workshop; Hazardous materials; Ship movements; Berthing and unberthing, floating dock, dry dock, slipway, launching, turning propeller and rudder, etc.; Ships and on-board systems; and Hydraulics, engine and propulsion, sea chest, etc.
Accidents and Emergencies Action in the event of injury or illness; and Action in emergency - this should be summarised and contact numbers listed in a prominent place, such as inside the front or back cover for quick access.
Means of Escape
Every workers reporting for work on board a ship should be given a briefing by his supervisor on the safe conduct of work and means of escape and exits in the area of his work.
Notice boards; Hazard communication programmes, such as labelling, safety signs; and Safety Data Sheet and its management system.
5.4.4 Documentation
The organisation should establish and maintain information in a suitable medium such as paper or electronic form for up-to-date and adequate documentation to ensure effective operation of the SHE management system. The documentation should provide adequate information that describe the elements of the management system and their interactions, and provide direction to related documents.
The control of safety-related procedural documents is essential to ensure that they are reliable, valid, and an authentic source of information. This involves the following principles: A document should carry information showing: Its identity: document name, and number; The issuing and approval authority; Its scope and application; and Its revision history with revision number and date of revision and effective date.
A circulation list for controlled copies should be maintained so that updates and revisions can be circulated to all copy-holders. The document should be withdrawn promptly when it has been superseded or becomes obsolete. Controlled documents should be clearly identified and kept updated at all times. Uncontrolled documents should also be clearly identified as being Uncontrolled and destroyed once their indented purposes are fulfilled. Documents should be legible, easy to locate and access.
Establish the engineering standards for the design of workplace, process, installations, machinery, equipment maintenance operating procedures and work organisation, including their adaptation to human capabilities, in order to eliminate or reduce operational risks at their source; Be communicated to the relevant parties including suppliers and contractors. Such control measures should be discussed, at the very least, between supervisors and workers, and must be properly communicated before commencing work to ensure that workers and other relevant persons involved are clear about the hazards, method of working, the equipment to be used, precautions and procedures to be taken and any need for teamwork and communication. Operational control should be developed based on the risk assessment findings, to eliminate or reduce risks, using the following hierarchy of control: Elimination (most preferred); Substitution; Engineering Control; Administrative Control; and Use of Personal Protective Equipment (least preferred).
(Note: the meaning of Engineering Control and Administration are outlined in paragraph 3.1 Definitions) The following sections (5.6.2.2 5.6.2.4) provide guides on the typical (not exhaustive) types of operational controls for SHE at the shipyards.
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The permit-to-work procedure consists of stages which are described in Part IV of the Regulations. A summary is provided below:
Stage
Responsibility
Shipyard Ship in a Harbour
Master, Owner, or Agent of Ship
Action
1.
Implementation of Permit-to-Work
Occupier
Implement a permit-to-work system. Appoint a safety assessor (a WSHO or competent person). Ensure that no high-risk works is carried out without a permit. Apply permit-to-work in such form and manner required by ship repair manager. State the measures which will be taken to ensure the safety and health of the person who carries out the high-risk work. Address the permit to the ship repair manager and submit to safety assessor.
2.
Employer or Principal
3.
Application of Permit-to-Work
Assess whether all reasonably practicable measures have been taken to ensure the safety and health of the persons who will be carrying out the high-risk work. Inspect the site (including its surroundings) where the high-risk work is to be carried out together with the supervisor or foreman of the person who is to carry out the work to ensure that the high-risk work can be carried out with due regard to the safety and health of the person or any other person at work in the shipyard or on board the ship in the harbour who may be affected. Endorse the permit-to-work if satisfied that the high-risk work can be carried out with due regard to the safety and health of the person at work. Exercise due diligence when performing evaluation and endorsement of permit-to-work.
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Stage
Responsibility
Shipyard Ship in a Harbour
Action
5.
Issue of Permit-to-Work
Issue a permit-to-work in relation to the high-risk work if he is satisfied that: There has been a proper evaluation of the risks and hazards; No incompatible work which may pose a risk to the safety and health of the person who is to carry out the high-risk work and other persons at work in the shipyard or on board the ship in the harbour will be carried out at the same time and in the same vicinity as the high-risk work; All reasonably practicable measures will or have been taken to ensure the safety and health of the persons who carry out or are to carry out the high-risk work; and All persons who are to carry out the high-risk work are informed of the hazards associated with it. Clearly post a copy of the permit-to-work, including where possible a sketch of any area where the high-risk work is permitted, at the work area. Ensure that the copy is not removed until the date of expiry or date of revocation of the permit-to-work or on completion of the high-risk work. Continually review the progress of all high-risk work carried out pursuant to any permit-to-work issued. Ensure that the measures necessary to ensure the safety and health of the person at work are taken and are in place at all times during the validity period of the permit-to-work; and Inform the SRM of the completion of the work.
6.
Posting of Permit-to-Work
7.
To assist with the preparation of company procedures, reference should be made to the text of the sections on permit-to-work in the MOM publication A Guide to the WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations included in Annex B-1. Safety Checklists A ready-to-use guide in the form of checklists on the safety measures to be taken by the relevant trade workers would be very useful. One way is to obtain the checklists for various trades published by ASMI and distribute these to the workers. These are attached in Annex E-5.
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The work of designers and engineers should be consistent and in accordance with the company practice and standards. There should be procedures for design work, checking and risk assessment to be followed by designers and engineers to achieve the above.
Stability They should be used only on level ground; If necessary, adequately weighted at the base; They should be used on a firm and even surface. 27
Locking Wheels should be securely braked; Provided with casters with a positive locking device to hold the scaffold in position.
Movement They must not be moved while someone is on the work platform; Should only be moved by applying force at or near the base.
Operation Only authorised and trained personnel should operate the serial work platform; Safety harness must be worn and anchored to the basket guard rails; The Safe Working Load (SWL) must not be exceeded at any time; The boom should be used only for lifting- personnel and their immediate tools; and not for carrying materials or equipment; Should not be operated on a slope; In the event of leaks, damage and malfunctions, stop operations immediately and report to the maintenance authority.
Dock Arm
The use of dock arm as a means of access to a ship in a dry-dock must be covered by procedures relevant to the company. Hazards Mechanical Failure Inadequate maintenance may cause failure in use with consequent risk to users. Unauthorised Use Operation by personnel who are not trained in its use may cause serious injury. Procedures Pre-operation The following actions should be included in the procedures: Grease the moving parts regularly; Check hydraulic leads; Check for corrosion of the dock arm rails; Check for damaged or missing handrails; and Check for mechanical or electrical malfunction of the controls.
During Operation Only trained personnel should operate the dock arm; The operator must be at the controls whenever the dock arm is in use; Check that there is no obstruction along the travelling path of the dock arm; Maintain communication between the operator and the personnel on the working platform before raising or lowering the arm; 28
Personnel on the working platform must anchor their safety belts to the handrail; Only two personnel may be on the working platform at any one time; and There must be enough clearance between the working platform and ship-side to avoid a collision. After Operation The dock arm must be anchored at the designated location; The power to the dock arm must be switched off and the control key removed; and Any damage or malfunction of the dock arm must be reported to the maintenance authority.
Protection Against Fire Check that there is no flammable material, gas or dry woodwork which could catch fire; and that surfaces which have been in contact with hydrocarbons or toxic substances are completely clean. Isolation If any pipes are still in service, ensure that they are de-pressurised, gas-freed and free from flammable substances or residues before they are subjected to any heat which could cause a rise in pressure and possible rupture. PPE The PPE required must be specified either in the procedures or in the permit-to-work or both. This includes: Eye protection by helmet, mask or goggles; Provision of appropriate breathing apparatus or adequate ventilation if there is a risk of dangerous fumes, particularly if working in a confined space; Other protective clothing according to the actual work environment. Other Precautions Protect any electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic lines nearby. Make sure that other people are not at risk from the welding or cutting operation.
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Grinding
Hazards As detailed above in the section: Cutting, Burning and Welding; and also includes the following: Eye Injury Particles of metal from the work-piece or from the grindstone may cause eye injury. Noise Hearing loss may result from persistent exposure to high noise levels during grinding. Other Injury A grindstone can break and cause facial injury. Procedures Company rules and procedures must specify the precautions to be taken when grinding, whether using a fixed bench grinder or a portable electric or air-driven grinder. The precautions include, as appropriate: The PPE which must be worn, Training in the use of the relevant grinder, Permit-to-work unless the grinding is a normal workshop operation, and Confined space entry and gas freeing.
Record of Entry Persons entering a confined space should record the fact, for example by a tally box or board located close to the point of entry. Each person should leave an identification card or tag in the box or on the board when entering and retrieve it when leaving.
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Procedure Section 25, WSH (General Provision) Regulations) makes provisions for the restriction and steps to be taken for entry into confined space. In accordance with section 39 (3) of the WSH Act, MOM has approved CP 84: 2000, Code of Practice for Entry into and Safe Working in Confined Spaces as the applicable practical guidance for safety and health for such work. It will be used as a yardstick to assess whether reasonable practical measures have been taken in regards to the upkeep of safety and health standards for confined space entry. The procedures outlined in CP84 for entry into confined space include: Hazard identification and evaluation; Entry permit; Testing of atmosphere in a confined space; Authorised person to approve entry permit; Display of name tags; Period testing of atmosphere; Use of retrieval system; and Confined space vacated for a significant period of time.
It also contains guides on ventilation, training, appointment of attendant and rescue operation.
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Spray Painting
Regulation 15 of the Factories (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations covers spray painting. This should form the minimum requirement in the companys procedures. Points to be considered in the procedures should include the following hazards and procedures. Hazards Fire and Explosion The vapour given off by spray painting is flammable and may build up, particularly when working in a confined space. Residual Vapour After the painting operation is completed, the atmosphere cannot be assumed to be safe until it is properly ventilated, tested and the paint surface is dried or cured completely. Health Problems The vapour may be injurious to health. Procedures The permit-to-work must ensure that no incompatible work is done in the area, particularly hot work. The permit-to-work procedures should also cover work done by the ships crew. Such work must be controlled to ensure that it is compatible with tasks being carried out by shipyard personnel. Preparation The intention to carry out painting must be discussed at the VSCC; it should be made clear that no hot work may be done at the same time at the vicinity. The worksite must be made safe. If it had contained flammable or toxic substances, any gas, sludge, and film adhering to surfaces in the vicinity must be cleaned. The atmosphere must be tested before and during the painting operation. Permit The permit for painting should follow the companys permit procedures. Hazardous Substances Paints and solvents must be accompanied by a Safety Data Sheet (SDS). This must be brought to the attention of persons receiving, transporting, storing, using and disposing of such materials and to their supervisors. The provisions stipulated in the SDS should be adhered to. Procedures Adequate ventilation must be maintained so that the space is gas free: This eliminates the danger of fire and paint intoxication. Electrical equipment must be suitable for use in a hazardous atmosphere and securely bonded to earth. Signboards should be prominently displayed around the work area, for example, No Smoking, No Hot Work and Spray Painting in Progress. All pipelines to other compartments should be blanked off. Lighting and electrical equipment must be suitable for use in a flammable atmosphere. Painters should use an approved type of air-fed mask.
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Completion of Task Once the painting operation is ended, the relevant personnel should be informed. After painting, a confined space must be made safe by ventilation and checked for the presence of flammable or toxic gases before subsequent operations begin, particularly hot work. This applies also to hot work on the opposite side of bulkheads, tanks, decks, etc. Use of Hazardous Substances This includes substances which are toxic, corrosive, volatile, explosive, irritant, carcinogenic and allergenic. These substances must be subject to procedures covering their purchase, receipt, transport, storage, handling, use and disposal. See under Section 5.4.6.15 on Occupational Health Hazards.
Use of Compressed Air The pressure must be correct for the work to be tested. Gradual application allows the responsible personnel to spot failures before the released energy becomes dangerous.
5.4.6.10 Radiography
Hazards Radiation Radiation is a health hazard. The hazard may be invisible and its effects may not be apparent for a considerable time after exposure. Procedures Control of Sources Procedures should specify the method of controlling the movement and use of radioactive sources, recording these movements and accounting for their removal from the companys premises. The procedures should also specify the actions to be taken in the event of an exposed source, a lost source and damage to the protective container. Health Monitoring Workers involved in radiography must be trained and qualified in the work. Where the work is not done by a specialist contractor, procedures must specify: The training required; The routines for monitoring any dose received; and The action to be taken in the event of an excessive dose. Where the work is done by a contractor, the company should satisfy itself that the contractor has adequate procedures in place for the protection of its own and other personnel nearby.
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5.4.6.11 Diving
Hazards Asphyxiation A loss of air supply which can be caused by failure of air-line apparatus, exhaustion of a self-contained breathing apparatus cylinder or interruption of supply through an air-line pipe, can result in asphyxiation. Bends A failure to observe diving procedures for the rate of return to the surface may cause bends or nitrogen release in the divers blood on decompression. Snagging and Abrasion Air-lines and communication lines can be snagged on underwater objects or abraded on rough surfaces. Poor Visibility The inshore water in which shipyard divers operate is often cloudy possibly leading to disorientation or difficulty in carrying out the work involved. Hazards from Other Activities Other activities in the vicinity of the diving operations can result in dropped objects, endangering a divers safety. Procedures Preparation Divers and their support team must be trained and qualified in the work to be done. Briefing of the divers must be adequate to ensure that they are aware of conditions underwater, including local hazards such as currents, intakes and outflows, submerged objects and dock machinery. The work plan must show clearly the work to be done. The life support systems must be checked and in good order. The surface team must be aware of the activities being carried out. Systems There must be procedures for the maintenance and operation of the life support systems. These systems should include means of communication. The systems available should include the following safety gadgets (as described in MOMs Safety Circular dated 11 December 1998): Underwater communication system; Hands-free torchlight; Fluorescent dye; and Lifelines.
The plan must include consultation with the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) and obtaining its authorisation. It should include a thorough risk assessment, covering all the risks and means of eliminating or mitigating those risks. Launch Procedure The launch procedure including the allocation of duties to company personnel, contractors, ships crew and representatives, should be prepared well before the launch. It should also cover the presence of distinguished guests. The procedure should cover (depending on the size and nature of the vessel, type of slip, method of control, etc.) the following: Allocation of duties; Layout of moorings and lines; Tug assistance; Port supervision and pilotage; Chock removal; and Restraint after launch etc.
Shipyard Equipment There should be information on the shipyards berth layout, bollards, quick-release hooks and depth of water. Berthing There should be procedures for handling the vessel on arrival, including mooring, gangways and towers, connection of services, means of communications, etc. The master and crew must be briefed on the shipyards rules using the briefing document detailed above.
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Falling There is a risk of falling on to the dock floor from the sides. Premature Flooding See Section 5.4.7.3.b.vii) on Accidental Flooding of Dry Dock or Floating Dock. Procedures Preparation Dock Master: When vessel docking instructions are received from the responsible authority, confirm the docking with the vessels agent (if the vessel is at anchorage) or the Master (if. the vessel is in the yard). Provide a vessel-docking plan for the block arrangement. Check the vessel before docking. Dock Master: Instruct the dock operator to flood the dock. Deploy the line handler and mobilise tugs and machinery. Check electrical, cooling lines and other relevant systems and ensure they are operational. Docking Manoeuvre the ship into the dock according to the plan. Instruct the divers to check the alignment of the vessel (aft and forward). Place additional packing for a non flat-bottom vessel. Dock Master: When the vessel is in position, instruct the dock operator to pump the dock dry. When the dock is dry, check that the vessel is set correctly on the blocks. Re-pack the vessel if necessary. Install the gangway to the vessel.
5.4.6.13 Transfers of Fluids between Tanks and to Shore Ballasting and Deballasting
Hazards Stability The stability of the vessel is the responsibility of the ships officers but the company must approve the operations to be carried out. Draught There must be sufficient draught for the operations to be carried out, taking into account the sea and tide conditions to prevent grounding. Excessive freeboard may cause problems (e.g. with mooring lines) in high wind. Capacity of Shore Tanks Deballasting into shore tanks requires the cooperation of the shipyard personnel to avoid exceeding tank capacity. Other Operations On-board Operations must be coordinated to ensure that personnel engaged in other operations are not endangered. Procedures Communication and Approval The transfer of ballast into shore tanks or the transfer of ballast between tanks on board requires procedures to ensure that company personnel are not at risk and that the arrangements for transfer to shore are understood and followed. Each transfer must be subject to specific information and agreement.
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Procedures Cargo Movements There must be procedures in shipyards to which this requirement applies, covering: Communication between the ship and yard personnel; Agreement on the planned movement and the safety of other work being carried out; A risk assessment to ensure that hazards have been taken into account and provided for; and The effect on other work in progress, particularly the risk from operating pumps, pipe work, inverting system, etc.
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Procedures Use of Tools Companies should have procedures for: Issuing of hand tools; Ensuring that users are competent; Checking a tool before use; Using of hand tools including restrictions on use outside their capacity or specification; Inspecting tools on their return to store; and Regular inspections.
Workshop Machinery
This applies to machinery in the shipyard and also to equipment operated on contractors premises. It includes lathes, boring machines, drills, grinding machines, cutting, bending and folding machines, forging and casting equipment, and all other fixed workshop equipment. It covers manually operated, numerically controlled and profiling machines. Hazards Moving Parts Hands and clothing can be caught in the moving parts, particularly when setting up or maintaining machines or if the guards are faulty or disabled. Unsecured Work-piece Unless the work-piece and tool are, properly secured by clamps, vice, etc., there is a danger of injury. Damage to the Work Inexpert or careless work can cause extensive damage to work in progress. Procedure Guards Companies must ensure that the machines are properly guarded in accordance with provisions made under the WSH (General Provisions) Regulations. Procedures for maintenance and lubrication should include provision for times when the guards are disabled. Operation Company rules must limit the operation of machinery to persons who are appropriately trained, experienced and supervised. The instructions for a specific task should include an assessment of the risks involved and the means of avoiding or mitigating that risk. Where a change to an instruction becomes necessary, the change should be approved by a supervisor.
Compressed Gases
Hazards Toxic Gases Some gases are toxic or asphyxiating when present at a concentration greater than the permissible exposure level. Escape of Flammable Gas A concentration of flammable gas between its flammable limits can cause fire or explosion. Procedures Condition of Equipment Procedures should ensure that the equipment is inspected at intervals which: satisfy relevant legislation. This is specified in Regulation 54(3) for welding equipment. Use of Equipment Gas cylinders must be colour-coded to conform to the Singapore Standard 152: Identification of Contents of Industrial Gas Containers. This stipulates a colour code system for gas cylinders. The colours for hoses are defined in Singapore Standard 50: Code of Practice for Safety in Welding and Cutting (and other operations involving the use of heat):
Gases Hose
Acetylene Oxygen LPG * May vary from company to company.
Hose Colour
Red Blue Orange
Cylinder Colour
Maroon Black Grey*
There should be procedures covering the use of compressed / dissolved gases and including such aspects as the following: Permanent and temporary storage precautions; Handling gas cylinders (keeping upright in trolleys, quads, etc); Marking and segregating when empty; Protecting from impact, especially on valves, regulators, flashback, arrestors and non-return valves; Inspection before use to ensure no damage to fittings or hoses; and Certification of hoses at stipulated intervals.
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Security Unauthorised personnel are not allowed to use the truck. For example, the immobiliser key should be removed when the truck is unattended. Instructions There should be shipyard-specific instructions on the use of forklift trucks defining where they may be used, who may use them, the types of trucks to be used for different purposes. Particular care should be taken when carrying wide loads such as tubulars. A side-lift is preferred to avoid hazards to personnel or assets at the side of a roadway.
There are guidance notes issued by the MOM for application as an Approved Crane Contractor which include the standard application form and a Personnel Data Sheet. This information is available at the MOM website. The notes stipulate the requirements to be satisfied by the contractor and by crane erectors. The WSH (General Provisions) Regulations defines lifting machine as including: a crane, crab, winch, teagle, runway, transporter, piling frame and any suspended scaffold capable of being raised or lowered by climbers or winches. This is a comprehensive list and includes, for example, mooring winches. Under the Factories (Operation of Cranes) Regulations, only those crane contractors approved by the Commissioner of Factories are allowed to carry out the installation, repair alteration or dismantling of a mobile crane or tower crane. A shipyard intending to carry out the installation, repair; alteration or dismantling of a mobile crane or tower crane on its own must apply to the Commissioner to become an Approved Crane Contractor. The MOM has issued a guide on the application as an Approved Crane Contractor, setting out the criteria for approval as an approved crane contractor, approved crane erector and the erection team. Hazards The lifting and transport of heavy loads is responsible for many accidents in industry. The availability and enforcement of the companys procedures should reflect this concern. Crane Failure A brake failure can result in a dropped load. A failure of the limit switches and overload prevention systems can result in operation outside safe limits and crane failure. Inadequate Maintenance This may result in any of the above or in a structural failure. Other failures may include a seized sheave, inefficient engine, jammed line or worn bearing and stewing ring. Shared Load Where lifting devices are used in tandem, there is a risk of unequal load sharing and potential overload failure. Planning and Risk Assessment A failure to plan the details of a task adequately may result in injury and damage. For example, a mud door assessed on the basis of the weight of metal may cause a chain block to fail because the enclosed mud accounted for 150% extra weight. Procedures Procedures should detail: The use of crane; Methods of slinging; and Signalling: Training requirements; and Inspection and maintenance of slings.
Preparation Before operating a mobile crane, the checks should include the following: All mobile cranes in operation should have a valid MOM certificate; Before taking over the crane, the operator should check for operations adjacent to the work site; The hook should have a safety catch which should be in good working condition; A checklist should be completed covering all operator-accessible and safety-critical items, such as engine oil level, operation of 42
controls, safety interlocks, brakes, electrical systems; There should be no signs of undue wear and damage on the wire ropes; and There should be no significant oil leakage. Operation Ensure that the operator is trained on the appropriate type of crane and has a valid license. On road cranes, extend the stabilising outriggers fully and ensure that they are resting on firm ground. Operate only with a trained signalman. Ensure that the signalman has an uninterrupted view throughout the lift or, if that is not possible, use more than one signalman, each in full view of the other and able to communicate effectively with the crane operator. Ensure full visual and, if possible, voice communication between the signalman, crane operator and riggers.
Physical Injury Hands or clothing being caught in rotating parts. Inadequate guards. Misuse of equipment. Procedures Rules and practices should be publicised for the use of particular types of tool or equipment and for particular operations (such as entry to switchboard panels) should be provided, including, provisions for safety. Electrical installations and equipment must comply with the following: Regulation 14 of the WSH (General Provisions) Regulations; The Public Utilities (Electricity) Regulations; The Public Utilities (Electricity Supply) Regulations; Part VII of the WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations which cover the requirements applying to electrical safety; The maximum voltage allowed for use in confined locations (55V AC. or 110V DC); The provision of earth leakage circuit breakers; Low voltage shock preventers should be used on electric arc welding sets; The use of heavy duty industrial plugs and sockets; Earthing of metal parts; and Code of practice CP 91: 2001: Code of Practice for Lockout Procedure should be applicable to prevent inadvertent turning on of energy sources during installation, troubleshooting, repair, and maintenance.
See also Section 5.4.6.9 of this manual on Use of Tools and Equipment.
Types of PPE
The types of PPE needed should be specified in the permit-to-work or work procedures. It includes the following: Protective clothing, e.g. Safety helmets where there is a need to protect the head from obstructions such as pipework and from falling objects; Air-supplied blasting helmets; Overalls, boots and gloves (in accordance with the Factories (Abrasive Blasting) Regulations; Aprons to protect from projectiles, particularly hot slag, and from chemical; Splashes, rainwear such as jackets, boots, waterproof trousers, for exposed locations and especially where operations cannot be 43
suspended during heavy rain; Gloves of an appropriate material and standard, for protection against penetration, abrasion, heat, cold, fire, chemicals, and other hazards; Safety footwear where heavy objects may cause injury to feet.
Protective equipment, e.g. Safety glasses and goggles where wind-blown debris may cause eye injuries, such as grinding or in the vicinity of grit blasting, or where injury may be caused to operators or other personnel nearby by-welding flash; Safety harnesses for those working at a height exceeding 2 metres; Life-jackets for those in danger of falling into the water; Respirators where the atmosphere may be contaminated and where air-line breathing apparatus is not appropriate; Breathing apparatus, either self-contained or preferably air-line for toxic or oxygen-deficient atmospheres, hearing protectors, torchlight with battery kept charged if required to enter confined spaces.
Appropriate standards as referred to above should apply in the selection of PPE. This is necessary for: Instruction to workers and supervisors; and Setting the terms of contracts to ensure the suitability of contractors provision for their workers.
Selection of PPE
In selecting and specifying the requirement for PPE, consideration must be given to: Type of hazards and risk involved The type PPE selected should be in accordance with the hazards and risks for exposure. Information on the characteristics (such as concentration, energy level, power etc.) of the hazards must be available in order to select a PPE that provides the appropriate protection level. Standards specification Selection of type of PPE should be based on Singapore Standards or other reputable international standards. The following are mandatory Singapore Standards that are applicable to PPE: CP 74 CP 76 SS 98 SS 473 1998 : Code of Practice for Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Devices 1999 : Code of Practice for Selection, Use, Care and Maintenance of Hearing Protectors 2005 Specification for Industrial Safety Helmets Part 1 : 999 Specification for Personal Eye-Protectors Part 2 : General Requirements Part 3 : Selection, Use and Maintenance SS 513 : Part 1 : 2005 Specification for Personal Protective Equipment - Footwear : : : :
Location of use Clear instruction should be given to a person likely to be exposed to the hazards at the location where the hazards may be present. Warning signs should be put up at conspicuous places where PPE is required.
Use of PPE
Persons at the workplace much be made aware of the type(s) of PPE necessary to be worn prior to entry into the area where they are likely to be exposed to the hazards. For example, hearing protectors would be required at places where persons are likely to be exposed to excessive noise. Signs must be posted at conspicuous location(s) to warn people of such necessity. Where it is required, PPE must be worn by every person exposed, for the duration of the period of exposure. Users should be given instructions as to the correct way of putting on PPE and of verifying whether the PPE has been put on correctly prior to exposure to the hazards. An example is when wearing respiratory protectors, the user should use the correct method of wearing the respirator and check using fit test to ensure that the respirator has been put on with a good seal to prevent inhalation of any toxic substances. Having decided what PPE is / are to be worn, the organisation should set rules on PPE and ensure that they are being enforced and followed. A blanket rule in an area requires compliance by all personnel in the area including supervisors, management and visitors. In some instances, it may be necessary to monitor the effectiveness of PPE by personal health checks.
Maintenance of PPE
Users of PPE must be trained on proper maintenance of their PPE to ensure the effectiveness of use and personal hygiene. Users must be aware of the useful life of PPE where applicable. PPE such as filter cartridges of respiratory protectors have expiry dates, or may break-through from continuous use. These may render the PPE ineffective, and fail to provide the intended protection.
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5.4.6.19 Environmental Protection and Waste Management Planning Control of New Facilities
For the development of a new shipyard and ship-repair facility, proper submission must be given to the Pollution Control Department (PCD) during planning stage. The impact of all developments on the environment is assessed and considered before each development is allowed to proceed. PCD checks these proposals, assesses the impact on the environment and ensures that new shipyards and shiprepair developments are properly sited and are compatible with the surrounding land use. It also processes building plans and assesses the environmental impact to ensure that the prospective industries will not pose unmanageable health and safety hazards, and pollution problems.
Organisations should systematically review their waste generation to identify the opportunities for waste minimisation. Besides minimising the impact to the environment, waste minimisation is usually accompanied by more efficient operation and cost saving. The most ideal approach is to minimise waste generation in the first place. Whenever possible, materials should be considered for reuse so as to minimise wastage. If reuse is not possible, the next best option would be to recycle the waste. This usually involves selling the waste as scrap to recyclers, who reprocess the scrap material into other forms or products. Where the above is not possible, waste should be properly disposed in accordance with the applicable legislations. 45
The disposal of waste is governed mainly by the following legislation: Environmental Public Health Act Makes provisions for environmental pollution issues likely to be caused by general public, including waste management and cleanliness in public places. Environmental Public Health (General Waste Collection) Regulations Sets requirements pertaining to the generation, storage, handling, transport and disposal of general waste, waste from grease interceptors, waste from sewerage systems, and waste from sanitary conveniences that are not part of a sewerage system. Environmental Public Health (Toxic Industrial Waste) Regulations As described in the following paragraph on Toxic Industrial Waste Control. Radiation Protection Act Regulates, among other aspects of radiation protection, the disposal of radioactive materials and irradiating apparatus. Hazardous Waste (Control of Export, Import and Transit) Act and subsidiary legislations Sets the requirements for controlling the movement or trans-boundary movement of hazardous waste in, through, and out of Singapore. Code of Practice on Pollution Provides, among other aspects of pollution control, guidelines for toxic industrial waste.
Storing TIW in containers with design, construction and maintenance in accordance with approved code of practice and in an area which is restricted to authorised personnel and labelled with appropriate hazard warning signs as prescribed in the approved code of labelling; Storing and dealing with TIW in a manner not to threaten the safety and health of any person or cause pollution to the environment; Prohibiting the mixing of different types of TIW, or mixing of TIW with non-TIW are prohibited; Selling or supply to licensed collector only; Supplying accurate information about the TIW to the TIW collectors; Preparing and keeping up-to-date the emergency action plan detailing how spillage, leakage or accidents involving the TIW will be dealt with.
Establishment of Procedure
The shipyard should ensure that there is a system for evaluating, managing and controlling temporary and permanent changes. The system should include, but not be limited to the following: Safe work procedures, practices or instructions; Facilities, layouts, statutory equipment; Statutory regulations and legislations; Load bearing parts or materials replacements on equipment; and Personnel appointments, trades and occupations.
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The procedure should institute a systematic evaluation of the possible hazards or concerns arising from the change, and ensure that appropriate measures are put in place. A plan that clearly specifies the timeframe for the change and any control measures to be implemented should be developed. The plan should be approved and authorised by the person responsible for the change. Any deviation, changes or extension required for the implementation of the plan should be subjected to review and authorisation by the appointed personnel responsible for the change.
Evaluation of Contractors
The shipyard should establish procedures to evaluate the contractors safety performance and competency. The result of these evaluations should be used as a criterion in the selection of contractors. The procedures should include, but not be limited to evaluating the contractor based on the following criteria: Contractors safety policy and management commitment to safety; SHE risk management capability; Attainment or certification to SHE Management Standards such as SS 506, OHSAS 18001, ISO14001, ISO9000 and / or bizSAFE levels; Technology, engineering skill and competency available and deployed; Training, qualification and experience of managers, supervisors and workers; Robustness of control measures, including safe work procedures, to be used for the job; Safety plan, targets and objectives; Maintenance and state of all machinery and equipment; Effectiveness in communications; Safety track records.
Selection of Contractors
The shipyard should establish procedures to select contractors based on their ability to meet safety requirements. The procedures should include: Maintaining a list of approved contractors; Selecting bidders who are competent to carry out the work on a particular contract; Checking on the quality and safety aspects of their work before issuing an invitation to tender; Defining contract conditions, including safety-related aspects of the work and the relationship of contract personnel to the companys personnel, particularly identifying the companys supervision team responsible for their work. The written contract or agreement should stipulate the specific safety requirements for the contractors; Taking account of past safety performance, in addition to cost and deliver capabilities; Safety induction training of successful bidders and their personnel; Monitoring safety performance; and Applying consistent standards of discipline for contractors and employees.
Control of Contractors
The shipyard should establish procedures to effectively monitor and control the safety performance of contractors within its premises and ensure the safety requirements as specified in the written agreement are implemented. The procedures should include: Monitoring the overall safety performance and management commitment of contractors; Conducting periodic inspections to ensure contractors compliance with safety requirements; Verifying safety training records of contractors; Maintaining and monitoring incident statistics of contractors; and Maintaining a list of approved contractors who have regularly complied with the safety requirements.
5.4.6.22 Maintenance
General provisions can be found in Part IV of the WSH Act, stipulating that employers (under Section 12(3)(a)) and principals (Section 14(4) (a)) have the duty to, not only provide, but also maintain for those persons at work an environment which is safe, without risk to health, and adequate as regards facilities and arrangements for their welfare at work. Occupiers, employers, self-employed, principals, and other responsible persons also need to fulfil their general duties of ensuring safety and health of persons at the workplace. As such, they have to maintain the machinery, equipment, plant, article or substance at the workplace so that they continue to be in good condition and safe to operate or for use.
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Hazards Injury or damage from in service plant and equipment not adequately maintained. Plant and equipment which are not adequately maintained may fail in service, e.g. vehicles, cranes and lifting equipment, compressed air and gas equipment, etc. This is especially serious on safety-critical items, which could endanger personnel, plant, vessels or, production in case of failure. Safety critical items should be given particular attention in the maintenance programme. Procedures Maintenance Regime The WSH (General Provision) Regulations specifies maintenance regime an element to be included in the safety management system. The shipyard should establish a maintenance programme to ensure safe and efficient operation of hand tools, machinery and equipment used in the shipyard. This maintenance programme should apply to hand tools, machinery and equipment owned by all suppliers and contractors. This procedure must include provision for inspection and certification where necessary. Contractors must also demonstrate that equipment for which they are responsible are properly maintained and, where applicable, certified.
The maintenance programme should take into consideration the safety and health exposure of personnel carrying out the maintenance work. It should incorporate safety precautionary measures such as lock-out / tag-out procedures, permit-to-work system, job safety analysis, etc. The maintenance programme should take into consideration that the materials used in the maintenance of equipment continue to meet design specifications, and any substitution of materials shall be appropriately reviewed before use.
Maintenance Records
The shipyard should document and maintain records of all inspections, maintenance and repairs carried out by both in-house personnel and external parties.
Corrective Actions
After the maintenance operations, all faults and repairs that are required to be performed should be recorded with the appropriate follow-up actions and details of such actions to be taken to rectify the faults and repairs. The shipyard should establish a maintenance programme to ensure that hand tools, machinery and equipment, and working environment are kept in good condition and safe during operation. Equipment such as boilers, furnaces, waste treatment and disposal facilities, etc. should be properly maintained to ensure efficient operation and avoidance of catastrophic failure for minimisation of pollution. Maintenance regime should also be applicable to suppliers and contractors. They should also have a preventive maintenance programme for the equipment provided and used by them. Risk assessment should be conducted and appropriate measures taken to control risks during maintenance work. Measures such as lock-out / tag-out procedures, permit-to-work system, etc. should be incorporated into the maintenance programmes. During maintenance, code of practice CP 91: 2001: Code of Practice for Lockout Procedure is applicable to prevent inadvertent turning on of energy sources. The materials used in the maintenance of equipment should continue to meet design specifications. Any substitution of materials should be appropriately reviewed and approved before use.
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The maintenance programme should include, but not be limited to the following: A list of machinery and equipment; Schedule of inspection and maintenance; Procedure for breakdown repair; and Record of inspection and maintenance.
Hydrocarbon
Crude oil, motor gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, naphtha, white spirit, gas or diesel oil, heavy fuel oil
% v/v in air
0.05 (500 ppm) 0.20 (2000 ppm) 1.0 (10 000 ppm) 2.0 (20 000 ppm)
Time
8 hours 30 minutes 10 minutes -
Effect
None Giddiness and irritations Loss of consciousness Death
Hazards Fire and Explosion The hazard of hydrocarbons is greatest with the more volatile petroleum products. An accumulation of petroleum vapour in cargo tanks, pump rooms or any confined spaces in the presence of a source of ignition may result in an explosion or fire. The flash points of some hydrocarbons are given in the following table:
Hydrocarbon
Crude Oil Motor Gasoline Jet Fuel Kerosene Naphtha Diesel Oil Lubricating Oil
Flash Point
- 40 to 200F - 50F 95 to 145F 100F (min) < 0F 100F (min) 300F
Extracted from Fire Protection Handbook, 2003 Edition, by National Fire Protection Association. 49
Sources of Ignition Hot work due to direct or indirect heat penetration, sparks from welding, cutting and grinding, and lighted cigarettes and cigarette butts. Skin Disease Contact with some hydrocarbons can result in skin disease. Toxic Effects Some substances which may be present in residues are toxic. The hazard of hydrogen sulphide is particularly serious, exposure to a concentration of 700 ppm will result in paralysis of the nervous system and death is likely within a few minutes. Procedures The permit-to-work system (see Section 4.4.6.3 on Permit-to-Work) is designed to ensure that the workplace is free of such hazards and must be adhered to rigorously. It should be supported by operational procedures, practices and safety rules. Mitigation There must also be provision to deal with incidents: Emergency procedures to deal with fire, explosion, etc.; Stand-by man to monitor the well-being of a person in a potentially hazardous location, particularly confined spaces; Trained first aiders and access to medical services; and Provision of suitable breathing apparatus, reviving apparatus and rescue equipment.
Appointment of competent person to receive such materials and ensure its safe storage, movement and use; Maintenance of a register of hazardous materials held or used on site, supported by Safety Data Sheets (SDS), which should contain accurate and adequate information on the composition, physical and chemical properties of the material, and instruction for safe handling, storage, use and disposal. The register should show: Identification (including generic or trade name); Safeguards to be applied in the transportation, storage, handling and use of the hazardous materials; Maximum quantity stored, and Emergency measures to be taken including medical first aid in the event of an incident occurring in the handling or use of the hazard materials. Establishment of procedures for labelling, storage, issue, distribution, movement and use; Communication of the hazards associated with the hazardous materials by the competent person to the users. This should include provision of instructions to the users, personal protective equipment, and correct method of transportation; Designation of storage areas which should be suitable for the materials and secured against unauthorised access. The hazardous materials should be returned to the designated storage areas when not in use; and Establishment and implementation of procedures for disposal of hazardous materials which should be carried out in accordance with statutory requirements or manufacturers recommendations.
The typical procedures for the acquisition and control of hazardous materials are shown below: Supervisor, Engineer Project Manager, Ships Master Safety Department If risk is low or there is no satisfactory alternative, Safety Department Purchasing Department Safety Department Gatehouse Security Gatehouse Security Safety Department Safety Department Issue approval along with conditions, if necessary. Issue order along with conditions, especially SDS. Notify user, Security and Stores of substance, hazards, etc. Check goods agree with notification. Notify, Safety Department and user. Check goods and approve if okay. Ensure all personnel affected know procedures, precautions and the means of storage, movement, use and disposal. Include inspections to ensure hazards are properly controlled.
Asbestos
Hazards Lung Disease Inhaling asbestos fibres can lead to serious and frequently terminal illness. It was widely used as an insulating material and also for friction surfaces like brake shoes and pads. Procedures Where work has to be done which has a risk of disturbing asbestos, for example, by drilling or removing plates, the company must have procedures for the work. The essential safeguards include: The Factories (Asbestos) Regulations and MOMs Guideline for handling asbestos must be adhered to; Notification to Department of Occupational Health within 28 days; The work should be carried out in a habitat, an enclosure which retains the asbestos dust and filters the ventilation air before releasing it to the atmosphere; The operators must use full body protective coveralls and breathing apparatus; and All residual dust must be cleaned up by a suitable vacuum cleaner.
Mercury
Tanks which have contained crude oil or condensate in floating storage units or offtake tankers may be contaminated with mercury. Hazards Mercury Poisoning The results of inhaling mercury compounds include: Fever, chills, tiredness, breathlessness and chest pain; Burning pain in the mouth and stomach; Inflammation of the lungs; Diarrhoea; Vomiting, and ultimately collapse; and Kidney damage, leading to death.
Procedures The following measures should be included in the procedures for companies in which workers are exposed to this risk: Test the surfaces and atmosphere before and during work, particularly hot work. If necessary, grit blast the surfaces to clear any mercury deposit; Train all workers close to blasting, hydro-washing, cleaning and hot work in contaminated tanks in the proper use of respirators; Use respiratory protection when working in these areas; Aid-fed mask for those conducting blasting operations; Particulate masks and disposable suits for those involved in cleaning grit and blasting debris; During blasting operations, take samples of dust to monitor the cumulative exposure; Hydro-wash cargo oil tanks after blasting and cleaning before hot work; Carry out tests to ensure that the National Environmental Agency standards are complied with: Leachate test of spent grit prior to disposal; and Water analysis after hydro-washing to verify that contaminant levels meet disposal requirements. During hot work, test the vapours produced with a mercury analyser to ensure that mercury levels are below the threshold limit value of 0.025 ppm; Use air blowers with trunking and air extractors in each tank where hot work is being carried out to prevent an accumulation of vapour; Screen the workers involved in or close to the operations to detect mercury poisoning and to ensure that protection measures are adequate; If a worker is exposed to mercury fumes or vapour, he or she should be given a thorough medical check.
Lead in Paint
Similar precautions to those for mercury should be taken when carrying out hot work on materials which have been treated with paint containing lead.
The procedures for the above should be in writing, and proper documentation maintained. The responsibility for control of hazardous chemicals lies with the employer or the occupier of a factory. Essentially, the occupier or employer should identify those exposed employees and access the risk of exposure. If the risk is significant, appropriate control measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of exposure to as low a level as is practical. The control measures include elimination of the use of the hazardous chemicals, substitution with less hazardous chemicals, process automation, isolation or enclosure, installation of local exhaust ventilation or applying dilution ventilation or other engineering controls.
Hearing Conversation
A Hearing Conversation Programme (HCP) should be established and implemented for workers who are exposed to excessive noise (above 85 dBA over an 8-hour period). The objective of a HCP is to minimise the risk of hearing loss as a result of exposure to excessive noise. The programme should have the following key elements: Regular monitoring of noise levels for identification of noise sources and exposed workers; Reduction of noise exposure levels through engineering and administrative control measures where feasible; Selection and provision of hearing protectors and supervision of their usage; and Periodic audiometric examinations of exposed workers for early detection of hearing loss. Training and health education of workers on the hazards of noise and its prevention.
A responsible staff member should be in-charge of the programme. Each component activity could be delegated to a particular person. Written procedures should be drawn up and relevant records should be kept. The programme should be evaluated from time to time and targets set.
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Industrial Ventilation
Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) systems are widely used to remove airborne contaminants such as toxic gases, vapours, dusts, fumes and mists from industrial operations and processes. A LEV system usually consists of exhaust hoods and ducts, an air-cleaning device and a fan and motor. A proper design of a LEV system is essential for the effective removal of airborne contaminants that would otherwise pollute the work environment resulting in occupational health hazards. The engineering drawings of a LEV system and the design specifications e.g. capture velocity, duct velocity, exhaust rates, fan capacity and fan static pressure should be kept for reference. A new LEV system should be tested to check whether the design specifications are met. Existing LEV systems should be maintained and tested regularly to ensure acceptable performance. Tests can be performed by using smoke tubes, anemometers, manometers and pilot tubes. Records of checking and testing performed should be kept. Persons involved in the design or vetting of design, testing and maintenance of LEV systems should receive appropriate training.
Carbon Monoxide Carbon Dioxide Ozone Formaldehyde Volatile Organic Compounds Bacterial Count Fungi Count Suspended Particulate Matter Temperature Relative Humidity Air Movement
10 ppm 1000 ppm 0.05 ppm 0.1 ppm 3 ppm 500 cfu/m3 * 500 cfu/m3 * 0.15 mg/m3 22.5 25.5 C <= 70% <=0.25 m/s
Sample preparation; Instrument calibration; Sampling procedures; Sample collection; Sample analysis; Sampling strategies; Location of monitoring; Duration of monitoring; Size of sampling; and Frequency of monitoring.
An important aspect of the IHMP is the valid interpretation of the data collected on a continuing basis. The individual responsible for the IHMP should be qualified by training and experience in the practice of industrial hygiene monitoring. A record of the result of every monitoring should be kept available for at least 5 years.
Medical Surveillance
Under the Factories (Medical Examinations) Regulations, workers are required to undergo preemployment and periodic medical examinations if they are employed in any hazardous occupations involving the exposure to excessive noise or list of substance stipulated therein (such as arsenic, asbestos, benzene, cadmium, raw cotton, lead, manganese, organophosphates, silica, etc.) The objective of medical monitoring and supervision is to detect early signs of over-exposure to toxic chemicals or noise and thus help to prevent occupational diseases. A medical surveillance programme should be established to achieve the above objective. The programme should include the following: Identification of the exposed workers; Arrangement for medical examinations; Evaluation of the results of medical examinations; and Maintenance of medical records.
Respiratory Protection
Workers who are exposed to a significant level of airborne contaminants e.g. toxic dusts, fumes, mists, gases and vapours should be protected by wearing respirators. This is complementary to environmental control measures taken. There are basically two categories of respirators: air-filtering type (e.g. dust mask and chemical cartridge respirator) and air supplied type (e.g. air-line respirator and self contain breathing apparatus). Each respirator has its applications and limitations. To ensure that workers are adequately and effectively protected, a Respiratory Protection Programme (RPP) should be established. The key elements in the RPP are: Regular monitoring of exposure levels to airborne contaminants to identify the need of respiratory protection; Selection of suitable types of respirators; Training and health education of workers on the proper use of respirators; Fit testing of respirators to ensure proper fit during issuance of respirators; Supervision of and checking the usage of respirators; and Maintenance of respirators.
In addition, appropriate signs should be displayed in areas where respiratory protection is required.
Providing safety equipment and appliances; Planning an emergency rescue procedure; and Training of workers on the health and safety aspects of confined space work.
Manual Handling
Manual handling is responsible for injuries, particularly back pain and trapped hands and feet. Companies should ensure that those involved in manual handling of heavy loads: Know how to lift without causing injury; Use mechanical assistance when the size or weight of the load requires it; Use kinetic techniques to facilitate the operation; and Use tag lines instead of hands and feet to guide loads being lifted by crane, pulley block or hoist.
Contract Work
Most companies engage contract workers to do maintenance work during shutdown or turnaround periods. Some companies engage contract workers to carry out routine unskilled work or other specialised projects. Most contract work and projects are potentially hazardous. Due to the mobility of contract workers and the tight schedule of contracts, the safety and health aspects of the work are often overlooked. Hence accidents involving contract workers are not uncommon. Management should set up a system to ensure that contract work is carried out safely within the company.
Expert Advice
The Company should have access when necessary to occupational health matters including the following: Review the conditions in the shipyard; Carry out industrial hygiene monitoring such as measurements of exposure to air-borne contaminants, exposure level and received doses for physical agents such as noise, radiation, etc.; Assess concentration, noise level, etc. against tolerable limits; and Recommend action if required.
5.4.7 Shipyard and On-board Emergency Preparedness and Response 5.4.7.1 Principles of Emergency Planning and Response
The main principles of emergency response are: Procedures cannot be prescribed for all possible situations. The procedures are aimed at getting information quickly to the person responsible for managing the response and mobilising assistance; Emergency response consists of: Decision-making based on the situation at the time; Notification of external authorities including Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) or Police to mobilise assistance, particularly fire-fighting, ambulance, crowd control, press, etc., and - Mobilisation of internal resources such as fire-fighting appliances, ambulance, first-aiders, stretcher parties, divers as appropriate, etc. An emergency is likely to consist of several different events at the same time. For example, an explosion may result in multiple injuries, people in the water, danger of sinking or capsizing, and danger to adjacent facilities or ships. Emergency response is a combination of: Physical action such as fire-fighting, rescue, recovery of property; Local direction to mobilise assistance; and Management support to deal with major decisions, and with the outside authorities and interested parties. Prevent incidents, by defining and implementing its safety management system, carrying out risk assessment and control, ensuring that people are trained and motivated, maintaining equipment and its protective systems, and so on; Detect a condition which could develop into an incident, for example, by gas detection, fire detection, reporting hazards; Mitigate the effects of an incident if it should occur, for example, by providing fire-fighting equipment and personnel trained in its use at the site of hot work; ensuring that personnel are aware of the action they should take on detecting an incident, such as man overboard; Restore operations as quickly as possible to minimise the disruption to ship owners, the company and the workers. -
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ii) Gas Escape The procedures for gas escape should include: Identification of the nature of the gas and its source; Isolation of the source; Shut-down of all hot work in the vicinity; Ventilation of confined spaces potentially affected, using flameproof equipment; Gas testing to verify that the area is clear for work to re-commence.
iii) Oil or Chemical Spill The procedures should include the following: Identification of the nature of the spill and its source; Assessment of the hazards associated with the substance spilled; Isolation of the source, taking care to protect personnel exposed to the hazard; Notification to the MPA; Mobilisation of limitation measures, including floating boom, dispersant or other means in consultation with the MPA; and Notification of the environment authority if the spill is on land and particularly if it is likely to affect drains or water-courses.
iv) Structural Collapse or Loss of Stability On notification of potential or actual structural collapse or loss of stability, affecting a building, crane, vessel or other structure, the procedures should include: Making the area safe for personnel and placing barriers to prevent access to all but essential personnel; Treatment of injured personnel; Assessing the situation and deciding the appropriate action; and Informing the appropriate authorities and other bodies, particularly ship owner or agent. 57
v) Collision, Capsize or Sinking An emergency afloat is a matter for the MPA who will take responsibility for the emergency response. v) Transport Emergency The procedures for a collision on land, affecting vehicles, crane, fixed structure or other asset should include: Rescue and treatment of injured personnel; Assessment of damage; and Notification of other parties involved, such as the owner of a vehicle. vii) Accidental Flooding of Dry Dock or Floating Dock The companys safe operating procedures should include the precautions to be taken when docking or floating a vessel, including warning signals, visual checks, vessel preparation and moorings. In the event that a structural failure or premature flooding takes place, the emergency procedures should include: A warning signal to both ship and yard personnel; An assessment of the reason for the flooding - failure of the structure or the valve systems or improper operation of the systems; An assessment of danger to the vessel, particularly if the hull integrity is breached, e.g. at the propeller shaft stern tube or where plates have been removed; Rescue of personnel, whether on board, on scaffolding or on the dock floor; Action to arrest the flooding; and Action to make the vessel safe.
viii) Criminal Acts Criminal acts include such events as: Personal attack; Unidentified object; Bomb threat; and Attack from outside the yard.
The procedures should be compiled in consultation with the Police. x) Man Overboard Procedures should include: A continuous watch to keep the person in view; A separate search and rescue, probably from a small craft; Mobilisation of resuscitation and medical assistance; and Notification to the MPA.
ix) Medical Emergency Procedures should specify the action to be taken in the event of a medical emergency, arising from an accident (such as fall, amputation, overcome by gases etc.) or illness (such as heat exhaustion, heat stroke, heart attack etc.). This will include: First aid and medical assistance; and Briefing all relevant personnel on what to do in such a case, particularly that the injured person not be moved except by trained paramedics or medical experts.
xi) Epidemic Sickness / Flu Pandemic There should be procedures for the early detection of such an epidemic, and response plan during an outbreak such as contact tracing, analysis to identify the source and action to isolate that source, quarantine actions, notification to the Ministry of Health etc. Companies should follow the recommendations and instruction as to the actions to be taken during a flu pandemic from the Ministry of Health. The guide: A Flu Pandemic Business Continuity Guide for SME has been developed and is available for download at the Ministry of Information, Communication and the Arts. It was developed using principles in the Business Continuity Management Technical Reference TR 19:2005, which was initiated by the Singapore Business Federation and supported by SPRING Singapore and the Economic Development Board. The Singapore Ministry of Health has come up with a Disease Outbreak Response System. The response plan allows a risk management approach appropriate to the transmissibility and virulence of the virus. A colour coding system is used to rate the stage of alert of the outbreak: green being the lowest lever of alert, followed by yellow, orange, red and black. Specific actions are recommended for each alert level. Depending on the mutation pattern of the virus, the intermediate colour codes may be skipped.
Management support including reporting to the authorities, partners, clients, owners, and other interested parties as well as handling inquiries from the news media and relatives of persons possibly involved; Security who should control the access to the shipyard limiting this to the emergency services.
Lifting Cages
The use of lifting cages is subject to Regulation 120 of the Factories (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations. The use of a lifting cage has particular hazards such as injuries to hands if an occupant holds the outer rail or injuries resulting from swinging. The company should ensure that this type of operation is properly supervised and regulated.
Rescue Operations
The resources available for rescue include: Rescue from the sea - flotation devices, small craft, radio, facilities available from the MPA; Rescue from a vessel or workshop - stretchers and trained stretcher parties, first aiders, medical and other assistance from the external emergency services.
Fire-fighting
The company must make provisions for means of escape and effective warning devices in case of fire (Section 38 of WSH (General Provisions) Regulations. The provision for fire protection and means of escape for fire should follow that as stipulated by the SCDF Fire Code (2007) and the Singapore Standards and Code of Practices mentioned therein. Some of the fire emergency-related Singapore Standards and Code of Practice include: CP 10 : 2005 : Code of practice for the installation and servicing of electrical fire alarm systems; CP 45 : 1989 : Code of practice for Halon 1301 fire protection systems; CP 52 : 2004 : Code of practice for automatic fire sprinkler system; SS 299 - 1 : 1998 : Fire resistant cables - Performance requirements for cables required to maintain circuit integrity under fire conditions; SS 332 : 2007 Specification for fire doors; SS 489 : 2001 : Fire shutters; and CP 55 : 1991 : Code of practice for use and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers. Some shipyards provide mobile fire appliances as a first line of defence but in all cases, the reliance is on the SCDF. Portable fire extinguishers and hose-reels are the basic resources for general fire-fighting response in the first instance.
Search Operations
Search parties may be assembled from groups of personnel acquainted with the area to be searched. This could include: Work parties familiar with specific ship projects; Divers for underwater searches; and Workshop personnel for searches in their work-places. In the event of a bomb threat, the search may be a companys responsibility and should be carried out by personnel familiar with each area within the scope of the search, subject to guidance from the SCDF and the Police.
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The requirements for trained first aiders, first aid boxes and a first aid room are as follows:
First Aiders
For a shipyard with 26 to 100 workers, there must be at least one first aider. For every additional 100 workers or part thereof, there must be another one first aider. The ratio of first aiders listed above is applicable to the first aiders available in each work shift. First aiders must: Be trained in an approved course to the standard defined in the WSH (First Aid) Regulations; and Record and maintain all records of all the treatment that they rendered.
Number of Workers
25 or less Every 50 workers Every 100 workers
The minimum contents of these boxes are also defined in the legislation as shown in the table below.
Contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings Crepe bandage 5 cm Crepe bandage 10 cm Absorbent gauze (packet of 10 pieces) Hypoallergenic tape Triangular bandages Scissors Safety pins Disposable gloves (pairs)
10. Eye shield 11. Eye pad 2 4 6 12. Resuscitation mask (one-way) 13. Sterile water or saline in 100 ml disposable containers (only where tap water is not available) 14. Torchlight First Aid boxes must be: Properly maintained; Checked frequently to ensure that it is fully equipped; Filled with content whereby all the items in it are usable; Clearly identified as a first aid box; Placed in a location that is well-lit and accessible; Under the charge of a person appointed by the occupier of the workplace; and Kept with nothing else but the appliances or requisites for first aid listed in the above table.
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First Aid boxes should be made of sturdy material and must be portable so that they can be taken to the site of an accident. Persons at work should be informed of the location of all the first aid boxes. The first aid boxes should contain at least the minimum contents as specified in the above table.
Emergency Incident
Dangerous occurrence as listed in the Second Schedule, WSH Act. (The list of dangerous occurrence can be found in Section 5.5.2.1.a of this Manual) Incidents that involve spill or release of hazardous substances having off-site impact. Fire Criminal act, bomb threats Building structural-related
Requirements on incident reporting are also discussed in section 5.5.2.1 on Incident Report of this Manual.
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Where equipment and instruments are used for monitoring, they should be properly maintained and calibrated. Equipment and instruments brought by contractors to the shipyard must also be subjected to the same requirements.
Examples of reactive monitoring include: i) Accident Frequency Rate Refers to the number of workplace accidents per million man-hours worked = Number of workplace accidents x 106 Man-hours worked ii) Accident Severity Rate Refers to the number of man-day lost to workplace accidents per million man-hours worked = Number man-days lost to workplace accidents x 106 Man-hours worked iii) Fatality Rate Refers to the number of workplace fatalities per 100,000 persons employed. Figures used are victim based = Number of workplace fatalities x 105 Number of persons employed iv) Injury Rate Refers to the number of fatal and non-fatal workplace injuries per 100,000 persons employed = Number of fatal and non-fatal workplace injury x 105 Number of persons employed v) Disease Incidence Refers to the number of occupational diseases (chronic confirmed cases) per 100,000 persons employed. = Number of chronic confirmed occupational diseases cases x 105 Number of persons employed A confirmed case of occupational disease is one where there is definite evidence that the worker suffers from a disease which is related to his occupation.
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vi) Number of Reportable Dangerous Occurrences Number of dangerous occurrence as defined in the Second Schedule, WSH Act being reported. vii) Regulatory Enforcement Actions Number of regulatory enforcement action as taken against the company in the period.
Noise
Where 10 or more persons are likely to be exposed to excessive noise at a shipyard, the occupier or employer should carry out noise monitoring at lease once every 3 years in accordance with the Factories (Noise) Regulations. The occupier or employer must appoint a person with recognised qualifications by MOM to carry out such noise monitoring and prepare a report in the manner specified in the Second Schedule of the Factories (Noise) Regulations (attached in Annex G-1 of this manual).
Air Contaminants
Regulation 40 of the WSH (General Provisions) Regulations, requires that occupiers should take all reasonably practicable measures to ensure that no person at work in the factory is exposed to the toxic substances specified in the First Schedule in excess of the permissible exposure levels specified in that Schedule. In Regulation 39(6) of the WSH (General Provisions) Regulations, the atmosphere of any place of work in which toxic substances are manufactured, handled, used or given off should be tested by a competent person at sufficient intervals to ensure that toxic dust, fumes, gases, fibres, mists or vapours are not present in quantities liable to injure the health of persons at work. The shipyard should therefore carry out regular monitoring of workers exposure to air contamination. A list of service providers offering such services can be found at MOM website.
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Equipment
Lifting gears (To be annealed: If regularly used, chains used in connection with molten metal or molten slag, Other lifting gears If not regularly used Lifting appliances, lifting machine 12 Steam boilers / receivers Air receivers Scissors Torchlight
The WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulation also specifies the inspection to be done by competent person for various equipments as listed in below table:
Equipment
Hot Work Equipment: Electrode holders, welding cables, cable connectors and other arc welding equipment Equipment and fittings use for carrying out hot work: Gas hoses, torches, blowpipes, pressure regulators, nozzles connectors, etc. Safety Devices: Non-return valve or similar devices, flash-back arrestor anti-leakage devices Crane, employees lift or material handling machinery (employees lift shall be examined and inspected by authorised examiner)
14 days
61(3)
12 months Before it is put into service for the first time in the shipyard or on board the ship in the harbour
61(4)
68
64
The Factories (Scaffolds) Regulation also specifies the inspection to be done by a scaffold supervisor:
Equipment
Scaffolds
Clause 19.1 of CP 14:1996 Code of Practice for Scaffolds also stipulated that inspections on the scaffolds and additional equipment attached to the scaffolds to be conducted on a weekly basis.
Work Conditions
Criteria specifying the acceptable conditions at the shipyard should be established and documented. Regular inspection should be conducted by the line supervisors and managers, and the safety committee members. An example of the safety inspection programme is as follows: Daily inspection by supervisors; Weekly inspection by departmental manager; Monthly inspection by safety committee; and Middle and senior management should involve themselves in these inspections by taking part in the scheduled inspections or conducting inspections on their own.
Housekeeping patrols should be conducted on a regular basis to maintain housekeeping standards. One of the ways is to form a team tasked to carry out the patrol once a week.
5.5.2 Incident, Accident. Non-conformance, Corrective and Preventive Actions 5.5.2.1 Incident Reporting Requirements
Incidents (including those resulting in reportable injuries and those which are classified as dangerous occurrences) must be reported as detailed in this section. The WSH (Incident Reporting) Regulations requires reporting to MOM on the following:
a) Dangerous Occurrences
Where any dangerous occurrence (refer to the following list) occurs at a workplace, the occupier of the shipyard should, as soon as is reasonably practicable, notify the Commissioner of the occurrence, and thereafter, not later than 10 days after the occurrence, submit a report to the Commissioner. The list of dangerous occurrences is defined as in Second Schedule to the WSH Act. 1) Bursting of a revolving vessel, wheel, and grindstone or grinding wheel moved by mechanical power. 2) Collapse or failure of a crane, derrick, winch, hoist, piling frame or other appliance used in raising or lowering persons or goods, or any load bearing part thereof (except breakage of chain or rope slings), or the overturning of a crane. 3) Explosion or fire damage to the structure of any room or place in which persons are at work, or to any machine or plant contained therein, and resulting in the complete suspension of ordinary work in the room or place or stoppage of machinery or plant for not less than 5 hours, where the explosion or fire is due to the ignition of dust, gas or vapour, or the ignition of celluloid or substance composed wholly or in part of celluloid. 4) Electrical short circuit or failure of electrical machinery, plant or apparatus, attended by explosion or fire or causing structural damage thereto, and involving its stoppage or disuse for not less than 5 hours. 5) Explosion or fire affecting any room in which persons are at work and causing complete suspension of ordinary work therein for not less than 24 hours. 6) Explosion or failure of structure of a steam boiler or of a receiver or container used for the storage at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure of any gas or gases (including air) or any liquid or solid resulting from the compression of gas. 7) Failure or collapse of formwork or its supports. 8) Collapse, in part or in whole, of a scaffold exceeding 15 metres in height or of a suspended scaffold or a hanging scaffold from which any person may fall more than 2 metres. 9) Accidental seepage or entry of seawater into a dry dock or floating dock causing flooding of the dry dock or floating dock.
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c) Occupational Diseases
The employer of that employee who suffers form occupational disease should, upon receiving a written statement prepared by a registered medical practitioner diagnosing the occupational disease, submit a report to the Commissioner not later than 10 days after receipt of the written diagnosis.
d) Notification to MOM
Immediate Notification For incidents such as dangerous occurrences and death cases, the Commissioner of Workplace Safety and Health should be immediately notified via: Phone: (65) 6317 1111; or Fax: (65) 6324 7572. The following information should be provided: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Date and time of the incident; Place of the incident; Name and identification number of the injured / deceased, if any; Name of the employer and occupier; Brief description of the incident; and Name and contact details of the person making the notification.
For All Cases The incident report should be submitted to the Commissioner of Workplace Safety and Health within 10 days via: a) iReport (a web-base submission via MOM website); or b) Faxing of Notice of Accident / Dangerous Occurrence / Occupational Disease Form.
e) Record Keeping
Employers / occupiers are required to keep a record of any incident reports made. Such records should be kept at the employers / occupiers place of business for a period of three years from the time the report is made.
f) Workmens Compensation
There is no need to submit a separate report for workmens compensation; the incident report includes a section for that purpose.
This involves:
There are skills in incident investigation which should form part of the training of safety specialists and line supervisors.
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The shipyard should establish, as an element in its SHE management system, written procedures to identify, record, investigate and analyse all incidents, to maintain these procedures and implement specific corrective actions to prevent recurrence. The procedures should include the following:
b) Investigation of Incidents
1) The shipyard should establish procedures for the investigation of incidents. 2) The investigation of incidents should not be limited to the identification of unsafe conditions and unsafe acts but should probe into the underlying systemic cause and deficiencies of the safety management system. 3) Incident investigation procedures should include, but not be limited to the following: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Identification of types of incidents to be investigated; Prompt reporting of incidents to designated persons, including incidents involving contract workers; Assignment of competent persons responsible for the investigation; Establishment investigation procedures; Identification of root causes, and recommendation; and Implementation of recommendations and corrective measures.
4) The Control Flow Chart for Accident / Incident Reporting and Investigation is shown in Annex G-2. 5) Line managers, supervisors, safety personnel and safety committee members should be included in the incident investigation team.
3) The report of analysis should be made available to all key relevant personnel in the shipyard and maintained for future reference. 4) The shipyard should carry out analysis of all incident statistics periodically. This information should be used for the drawing up of safety and health workplans, promotional programmes and training courses.
Preventive actions are actions to prevent occurrence of non-conformances, accidents, incident or ill health. Examples may include: Use of appropriate information such as workplace observation trends, audit report, employees feedback, expert advice, lesson learnt from other workplaces etc.; 67
Identifying problems requiring preventive action through walk through, inspection, use of hazard identification and risk assessment tool such as checklists, job hazard analysis etc.; Initiating actions to ensure controls measures are effective. The shipyard should ensure that correctives and preventive measures are assigned with owners for responsibility and accountability for completion date, be monitored and followed up for closure and the effectiveness evaluated. Sufficient resource should be provided for the implementation of such actions.
Factories License
Risk Assessment Records Incident Reports Medical Examination Reports of Persons Involved in Hazardous Occupations Noise Monitoring Reports The Factories (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations requires that:
Valid Period
3 years 3 years 5 years 10 years
Records
Secretary of VSCC Make and keep record of all matters discussed and decisions made at VSCC; Keep a copy of all permit-to-work issued; and Update the permit-to-work coordination notice board. WSH Officer maintain a dairy in which record shall be made of: The movement on board the ship and within the shipyard by the WSHO; and The observation on the types of hazardous works being carried out on board the ship and within the shipyard. Register of scaffolds Design and drawings by professional engineer of tube and coupler scaffold exceeding 15 m in height; Hanging scaffold from which person may fall > 3 m.
Regulation
31
71
80(4) 82
68
69
Annexes:
Safety Management System
A-1: Safety and Health Management System in Second Schedule, WSH (General Provision) Regulation A-2: Guidelines on Safety and Health Management System for the Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Industry 71 72
Risk Assessment
C-1: C-2: C-3: C-4: Workplace Safety and Health Management: Risk Assessment Guidelines Risk Management Flow Chart Risk Assessment Matrix in the Marine Industry Sample of ASMI Templates on Risk Assessment 100 124 125 127
Training
D-1: Matrix on Mandatory Safety Training and Trade-related Training Required for Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing D-2: Safety Training Courses for Management Personnel, Supervisory Personnel and Workers 287 288
Operational Controls
E-1: E-2: E-3: E-4: E-5: E-6: E-7: E-8: E-9: E-10: E-11: E-12: In-house Safety Rules and Regulations List of High-Risk Work as Defined by the WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations Permit-to-Work Flow Chart Permit-to-Work Formats (sample) ASMI Safety Checklists Safety Signs and Colour Coding Control Flow Chart for Outsource Service of Hazardous Activities Contractors Machinery and Equipment Control Flow Chart Control and Inspection of Contractors Plant and Equipment at Entry to Yards Premises List of Common Hazardous Materials Hazardous Materials Control Flow Chart Forklift Inspection Checklist 289 290 291 292 324 330 334 335 336 337 338 339
Emergency Response
F-1: Sample of SCDF Fire Emergency Plan 340
Reports
G-1: Noise Monitoring Report G-2: Control Flow Chart for Accident / Incident Reporting and Investigation 350 352
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Annex A-1:
Safety And Health Management System in Second Schedule, WSH (General Provision) Regulations
Elements of Safety and Health Management System
Safety Policy, including the Allocation and Delegation of Responsibility for Safety Safe Work Practices Safety Training Group Meetings Incident Investigation and Analysis In-house Safety Rules and Regulations Safety Promotion System for the Evaluation, Selection and Control of Contractors Safety Inspections Maintenance Regime Risk Assessment Control of Movement and Use of Hazardous Chemicals Occupational Health Programmes Emergency Preparedness
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Annex A-2:
Guidelines on Safety and Health Management System for the Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Industry Correspondence between Various Safety Management Systems
This table matches the corresponding clauses, elements or sections in the following: Singapore Standards SS 506 Part 1:2004, OSH Management Elements of Safety and Health Management System; Singapore Standards SS 506 Part 3:2006, OSH Management Elements of Safety and Health Management System, Part 3 Requirements for the Chemical Industry; Second Schedule, WSH (General Provisions) Regulations; and Guidelines on Safety an Health Management System for the Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Industry (this document).
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S 506-1: 2006 Second Schedule Guideline on Section SMS Guideline S&H Mgt
Clause
SS 506-3: 2006
0.1
General
0.1
General
0.2
Process approach
0.2
Process approach
Annex A-2:
0.3
0.3
0.4 Scope
0.4
Scope
1.1
General
1.1
General
1.2
Application
1.2
Application
Normative references
Normative references
5.1
General requirements
5.1
General requirements
5.2
OSH policy
5.2
OSH policy
5.3
Planning
5.3
Planning
5.3.1
5.3.1
Risk assessment
11
Hazard analysis
5.3.1
5.3.1.1
WSH hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control Environmental aspects
5.3.1.2
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Clause
SS 506-3: 2006
5.3.1.4
Identification of significant environmental aspects and impacts Legal and other requirements Primary legislations Subsidiary legislations
5.3.2
Codes of practice Objectives and targets OSH management programme(s) Implementation and operation
5.3.3
Objectives
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.3.4
5.4
5.4
5.4.1 In-house safety rules and regulations 6 In-house safety rules and regulations
5.4.1
Safety policy, including the allocation and delegation of responsibility for safety
Safety policy, including the allocation and delegation of responsibility for safety In-house safety rules and regulations In-house safety rules and regulations
5.4.1
5.4.1.1
Safety policy, including the allocation and delegation of responsibility for safety In-house safety rules and regulations 6 In-house safety rules and regulations
5.4.1.1
5.4.1.2
5.4.2
5.4.2
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Clause
SS 506-3: 2006
5.4.2.3 7 4 Group meetings 4 Group meetings Safety promotion 7 Safety promotion 5.4.2.4
5.4.3
5.4.3
5.4.4
Documentation
5.4.4
Documentation
5.4.5
5.4.5
Control of documents
5.4.6
Operational control
5.4.6
Operational control
5.4.6.1
General
5.4.6.2
5.4.6.2
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Clause
SS 506-3: 2006
5.4.6.3
Management of change
5.4.6.4
Pre-start-up safety
5.4.6.5
Contractors
5.4.6.21
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Clause
SS 506-3: 2006
5.4.6.6
Mechanical integrity and reliability 12 Control of movement and use of hazardous materials 12 5.4.6.23 16 13 Occupational health programmes 14 Occupational health programmes 5.4.6.24 Materials and services management Control of movement and use of hazardous materials Control of hazardous substances
5.4.6.7
5.4.7
Occupational health
5.4.7.1
Medical surveillance
5.4.7.2
Hearing conservation
5.4.7.3
Respiratory protection 14 Emergency preparedness 13 Emergency preparedness 5.4.7 Shipyard and on-board emergency preparedness and response 5.4.7.1 5.4.7.2 5.4.7.3 5.4.7.4 5.4.7.5 5.4.7.6 5.4.7.7 5.5 Principles of emergency planning and response Identification of types of emergency Emergency response procedures Emergency organisation Emergency response resources First aids Notification of emergency Checking and corrective action
5.4.7
5.4.8
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Clause
SS 506-3: 2006
5.5.1
5.5.1.1
5.5.1
5.5.2
5.5.2.1
5.5.2.2
Medical surveillance
5.5.2.3
OSH inspection
5.5.1.4
5.5.2
Incidents, accidents, non conformance, corrective and preventive measures 5 Incident investigation and analysis 5
5.5.3
5.5.2
Incidents, accidents, non conformance, corrective and preventive measures 5.5.2.1 5.5.2.2 5.5.2.3 Incident reporting Incident investigation Corrective and preventive actions 5.5.3 5.5.4 5.5.4.1 5.5.4.2 5.6 Records and records management Audit Mandatory WSH audit SHE management system audit Management review
5.5.3
5.5.4
Control of records
5.5.4
Audit
5.5.5
Internal audit
5.6
Management review
5.6
Management review
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Annex B-1:
A Guide to the WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations
The following paragraphs serve only as guides for the general understanding of the requirements of the WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations. The readers are to refer to the actual Regulation document available at the Singapore National Printers for the actual Regulations.
1.
1.1
Introduction
Overview of Content
Regulations
Part I Preliminary Part II Safety and Health Management Arrangement 1. Citation and commencement 2. Definitions 3. Application 4. Safety and health management system 5. Workplace safety and health audit 6. Safety and health training 7. Duties of ship repair manager 8. Ship repair manager to approve work 9. Notification of work carried out on board ship in harbour 10. Vessel safety co-ordination committee 11. Role of vessel safety co-ordination committee 12. Composition of vessel safety co-ordination committee 13. Frequency of meetings 14. Duties of chairman 15. Duties of secretary 16. Handing-over procedure for shifts 17. Application of this Part 18. Implementation of permit-to-work 19. No high-risk work without permit-to-work 20. Application for permit-to-work 21. Evaluation of permit-to-work 22. Issue of permit-to-work 23. Posting of permit-to-work 24. Monitoring of high-risk work 25. Duty to report incompatible work 26. Revocation of permit-to-work 27. Implementation of hot work permit 28. No hot work without hot work permit 29. Application for hot work permit 30. Evaluation of hot work permit 31. Issue of hot work permit 32. Person carrying out hot work to be competent in hot work 33. Measures for hot work 34. Marking of hot work area 35. Fire watchman 36. Duty to report incompatible work 37. Daily review and revocation of hot work permit
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Regulations
Part VI General Provisions 38. Safety of equipment 39. Approval of hazardous substances 40. Falling hazards 41. Drowning hazards 42. Slipping hazards 43. Hazards arising from protruding objects 44. Prevention of accidental closure of hatch 45. Spray painting 46. Vehicular hazards 47. Lighting 48. Disposal of debris 49. Prohibition on smoking 50. Safety signs 51. Emergency exits 52. Personal protective equipment 53. Electrical installations, equipment and connections 54. Electrical welding equipment 55. Gas cylinders 56. Gas manifolds 57. Pipe lines and gas hoses 58. Gas equipment to be of good construction, etc. 59. Safety devices 60. Safety measures during break in gas welding and cutting 61. Inspection of hot work equipment 62. No welding in wet conditions 63. Adequate ventilation 64. Metallic fumes 65. Welding and cutting on containers that held flammable substances 74. Offence 75. Revocation
Part VII Electrical Safety Part VIII Welding and Cutting Operations
Part X Miscellaneous
1.2 Application
The WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations 2008 is applicable to any work carried out in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour in connection with: a) b) c) d) The construction, re-construction, repair, refitting, fitting painting, finishing, furnishing or breaking up of a ship; The scaling, scurfing or cleaning of boilers (including combustion chambers and smoke boxes) in a ship; The cleaning of any tank, bilges or holds in a ship; and The survey or inspection of a ship or its contents (where such survey or inspection is not carried out by the crew of the ship).
1.3 Definition
1.3.1 In the Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires the meaning of terms used are as below:
Terms
Competent Person Designated Person A competent person appointed in writing by:
Definition
Person who has sufficient experience and training to perform the work required to be carried out;
(a) An occupier of a shipyard; (b) An employer of persons carrying out work in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour; or (c) A principal who gives direction to persons on the work carried out by those persons in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour, to perform any task or duty prescribed under these Regulations; Employees Lift Fire Watchman A powered car operating in guides and used primarily to carry persons in a substantially vertical direction; Means a fire watchman appointed under regulation 35(1); 80
Terms
Hazardous Work
Definition
Means any work that is likely to endanger the life of any person in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour and includes any type of work which is specified by the Commissioner in writing as hazardous work; Riveting, welding, flame cutting or burning and includes any other work involving the use or generation of heat or the production of sparks; In Relation to any work carried out in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour, means: (a) In the case of a shipyard, the occupier of the shipyard; and (b) In the case of a ship in a harbour: (i) The employer of any person who carries out the work; or (ii) The principal under whose direction any person carries out the work;
A safety assessor appointed under regulation 18(1)(ii) or 27(1)(ii); Includes any dry or wet dock, wharf, jetty and quay, and the precincts thereof; Means a ship repair manager appointed under regulation 7.
2.
2.2.3 The occupier of a shipyard should ensure that the WSH auditor appointed for the audit of safety and health management system of the shipyard is not a partner, an officer, an employee or an associate of the occupier of the shipyard. The WSH auditor appointed should not be: An employer of the occupier; Where the occupier is a body corporate: A person who is a substantial shareholder of that body; A director, secretary or similar executive officer of the body corporate; Where the occupier is a trustee, A beneficiary of the trust.
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3.
The ship repair manager should be the chairman of the vessel safety co-ordination committee. The workplace safety and health officer, or such other person as may be appointed by the ship repair manager, should be the secretary of the vessel safety co-ordination committee. The master, owner or agent of the ship or his representative and the supervisors (including the contractors supervisors) from each trade involved in any work on board the ship should be members of the vessel safety co-ordination committee.
A chairman who contravenes above Regulations shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $10,000.
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A secretary who contravenes the above Regulations shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000 and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction, to a fine not exceeding $5,000.
b) Ensure that the written handing-over procedure referred to in subparagraph (a) is followed. 3.7.2 The written handing-over procedure referred to in paragraph 3.7.1. a) should include the handing over to the supervisor or foreman of the in-coming shift of: a) The activities chart; and b) A copy of the records of the latest vessel safety co-ordination committee meeting.
4.
Permit-to-Work System
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Shipyard
Occupier; Employer of any person who carries out the high-risk work; or Principal under whose direction any person carries out the high-risk work.
Ship in a Harbour
Employer of any person who carries out the high-risk work; or Principal under whose direction any person carries out the high-risk work.
The only exception to such permit-to-work system is during special situations when the system may operate to interfere with or render unlawful any rescue work or other work necessary for the general safety of life or property.
4.5
Evaluation of Permit-to-Work
Assess whether all reasonably practicable measures have been taken to ensure the safety and health of the persons who will be carrying out the high-risk work; and Inspect the site (including its surroundings) where the high-risk work is to be carried out together with the supervisor or foreman of the person who is to carry out the work to ensure that the high-risk work can be carried out safely.
4.5.1 On receipt of the application for a permit-to-work, the safety assessor should:
4.5.2 The safety assessor should endorse the application for the permit-to-work and forward the endorsed application to the ship repair manager if he is satisfied that the high-risk work can be carried out safely. 4.5.3 It should be the duty of the safety assessor to exercise all due diligence when performing his functions in relation to the evaluation and endorsement of an application for a permit-to-work.
4.6.2 The ship repair manager who issues a permit-to-work in respect of any high-risk work shall retain a copy of the permit-to-work. 4.6.3 It should be the duty of the ship repair manager to exercise all due diligence when performing his function in relation to the issuance of a permit-to-work 4.6.4 A permit-to-work should be valid for the period stated therein, and if the high-risk work for which the permit-to-work is issued is not completed within the validity period, a fresh application should be made accordingly.
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4.9
4.9.1 Any person who is aware of any work being carried out in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour which is incompatible with any high-risk work being carried out there is to immediately report the incompatible work to his supervisor, the workplace safety and health officer, the workplace safety and health co-ordinator or the ship repair manager who issued the permit-to-work in respect of that high-risk work. 4.9.2 In the above paragraph, any work which is carried out at or in the vicinity of any high-risk work and which is likely to pose a risk to the safety or health of persons at work in the shipyard or on board the ship in the harbour should be treated as incompatible work.
5.
Shipyard
Occupier; Employer of any person who carries out the hot work, or Principal under whose direction any person carries out the hot work
Ship in a Harbour
Employer of any person who carries out the hot work; or Principal under whose direction any person carries out the hot work
The only exception to such permit-to-work system is during special situations when the system may operate to interfere with or render unlawful any rescue work or other work necessary for the general safety of life or property.
5.3.2 All hot work permit application should be accompanied by sketches showing the exact locations where the hot work is to be carried out.
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5.4.2 The safety assessor should endorse the application for the hot work permit and forward the endorsed application to the ship repair manager if he is satisfied that the hot work can be carried out safely. 5.4.3 It should be the duty of the safety assessor to exercise all due diligence when performing his functions in relation to the evaluation and endorsement of an application for a hot work permit.
5.5.2 Hot work permit should be a controlled document and should be serialised. 5.5.3 The ship repair manager who issues a permit-to-work in respect of any high-risk work should retain a copy of the permit-to-work. 5.5.4 It should be the duty of the ship repair manager to exercise all due diligence when performing his function in relation to the issuance of a permit-to-work. 5.5.5 A permit-to-work should be valid for the period stated therein, and if the high-risk work for which the permit-to-work is issued is not completed within the validity period, a fresh application should be made accordingly. 5.5.6 Posting of the permit and the monitoring of the hot work should be done as that described in paragraphs 4.7 and 4.8 with necessary modification in respect to the hot- work.
6.
General Provisions
Every guard-rail, barrier or other effective means of fall prevention may be removed if free access is required or work is actually in progress. Every guard-rail, barrier or other effective means of fall prevention which is removed shall be replaced immediately when free access is no longer required or work is no longer in progress.
Ensure that any area or place where spray painting works are being carried is adequately ventilated.
6.8.2 Every person undertaking spray painting work in any tank, compartment or confined space should use a suitable breathing apparatus where fresh air is constantly supplied by an air-line. 6.8.3 Any person who fails to wear the provided breathing apparatus, upon conviction, is liable to a fine not exceeding $1,000; and for second or subsequent conviction, a fine not exceeding $2,000.
6.10 Lighting
6.10.1 The responsible person should ensure that there is: Sufficient and suitable general lighting of either natural or artificial, in every part of the shipyard or ship in the harbour in which persons are at work or passing; and Emergency lighting which is sufficient in intensity and distribution for use in the event of a power failure affecting the general lighting to allow for the safe evacuation or rescue of persons in the shipyard or ship in the harbour.
7.
Electrical Safety
8.
8.1.2 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) should not be taken and used: On board a ship undergoing repair; or Below the topmost completed deck of a ship under construction, unless all gas outlets have been fitted with effective anti leakage devices.
8.1.3 The LPG mentioned in 8.1.3 does not apply to the LPG brought on board for the purpose of maintaining and running of the ship.
Every gas torch, manifold and hose for flammable gases and oxidizing gases should be taken to the weather deck or the topmost completed deck or to a safe place that is adequately ventilated to prevent any dangerous accumulation of gases or vapours.
Where it is impractical to comply with the requirements stated in 8.6.1 a (ii) during a meal interval, effective measures should be taken to ensure that the work area is safe before work resumes and such measures should include: The provision of effective ventilation to prevent the accumulation of gases; and The testing of the atmosphere for the presence of flammable gases.
8.7.2 The competent person, or the workplace safety and health officer should:
8.7.3 Any competent person or workplace safety and health officer who fails to comply with 8.7.2 (a) to 8.7.2 (c) is guilty of an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
8.9.2 Where the provision of ventilation is not practicable, provide breathing apparatus of the type where fresh air is being constantly supplied by an airline or other equally suitable breathing apparatus to the person carrying out the work.
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9.
9.1
9.1.1 The owner of a crane, an employees lift or a material handling machinery being used in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour should ensure that it is: Of good construction, sound material and adequate strength; Free from defects; and Properly maintained.
9.1.2 The operator of a crane or material handling machinery being used in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour should ensure that the crane or machinery, as the case may be, is positioned and operated so as to be stable.
9.2.2 Where outriggers are provided, the safe loads with and without the use of outriggers should be specified in the capacity chart.
9.5.2 The above shall not apply to lifting cages specially designed to hold persons while it is suspended from a crane.
9.7.2 The lift car attendant should: Not cause the lift car to move unless he is satisfied that the load is prepared for movement; and Exercise all due diligence when operating the employees lift.
9.9 Offence
9.9.1 Any person who contravenes any provision of WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations which imposes a duty on him shall be guilty of an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both.
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Annex B-2:
List of SHE-Related Codes of Practice (CP) and Singapore Standards (SS) CP / SS
Safety and Health
1 CP 5: 1998 Code of Practice for Electrical Installations Applies to the design, selection, erection, inspection and testing of electrical installations, other than those specifically excluded. Covers installation utilising extra-low voltage and low-voltage. Excludes systems for transmission and distribution of energy to the public; railway traction equipment, rolling stock and signalling equipment; electrical equipment of motor vehicles; equipment on board ships; equipment of mobile and fixed offshore installations; equipment of aircraft. Applies to items of electrical equipment only so far as selection and application of the equipment in the installation are concerned. Does not deal with requirements for the construction of prefabricated assemblies of electrical equipment, which are required to comply with appropriate specifications. Gives guidance on the methods which may be adopted to earth an electrical system for the purpose of limiting the potential of current-carrying conductors forming part of the system, and non-current-carrying metalwork associated with equipment, apparatus and appliances connected to the system. Does not cover trains, ships and aircraft and is not intended to take the place of a detailed specification or to instruct untrained persons. Covers the maintenance of switchgear for voltages up to and including 22 kV to ensure the safe and effective operation of an electrical system with minimum risk of breakdown and the consequent interruption of supply. Provides information on an organised system of routine maintenance to keep electrical switchgear, both indoor and outdoor, and its associated apparatus in good working order. Also draws attention to the precautions taken in order to maximise the safety of personnel while maintenance work is in progress. Excludes special maintenance requirements relating to explosion protected switchgear and control gear. Establishes safety criteria with respect to the design, construction and application of safeguards to the points of operation of mechanical power presses. Applies only to those mechanically powered machines that shear, punch, form or assemble metal or other materials by means of tools or dies attached to slides, commonly referred to as mechanical power presses. Provides guidelines on safety, health and welfare to be taken into consideration when planning factory layout.
CP 17: 1991 Code of Practice for the Maintenance of Electrical Switchgear for Voltages up to and Including 22kV (Under review)
CP 21: 1981 Code of Practice for Safeguarding of Mechanical Power Presses CP 27: 1999 Code of Practice for Factory Layout - Safety, Health and Welfare Considerations CP 28: 1984 Code of Practice for the Construction, Care and Safe Use of Shears
Establishes the safety criteria for the construction, care and use of shears designed primarily of metal shearing. Applies to machines constructed with a plate or cast-type ram or both, bed, table, hold-down and housings, utilizing one fixed and one moving non-rotary blade for the shearing action, and having a constant rake for any one shearing stroke. It is a useful guide (to be read in relation with the statutory requirements of the Factories Act, 1973) for all users, maintenance personnel and manufacture of shears. Serves to guide transport operators, drivers and loading staff on basic safety principles that must be followed generally and the precautions to be taken in ensuring the safe carriage of the more common types of load. Provides a list of commonly used and transported hazardous substances in Singapore.
CP 30: 1985 Code of Practice for Safe Loading on Vehicles CP 61 - 1: 1994 Code of Practice for Packaging and Containers for Hazardous Substances - List of Commonly Used Hazardous Substances
93
CP / SS
9 CP 61 - 2: 1994 Code of Practice for Packaging and Containers for Hazardous Substances - Packaging Requirements for Hazardous Substances CP 61 - 3: 1994 Code of Practice for Packaging and Containers for Hazardous Substances - Tank Requirements for Hazardous Substances CP 62: 1995 Code of Practice for Safe Use of Tower Cranes CP 74: 1998 Code of Practice for Selection, Use, and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Devices
10
Provides a guide to users on the container requirements of commonly used hazardous substances for the safe carriage of the substances.
11
Gives general guidance to the users on the safety aspect of practice regarding siting, stability, proximity hazards, erection, dismantling, operation, control, maintenance, inspection and repair of tower cranes. Sets forth accepted practices for respirator users; provides information and guidance on the selection, use and maintenance of respirators and contains recommendations for establishing respirator protection programmes. Covers the use of respirators to protect against the inhalation of contaminants and against oxygen-deficient atmospheres in the workplace. Does not cover underwater breathing devices, the use of respirators in aircrafts, the use of respirators under military combat conditions and the use of life support respirators for medical or resuscitation purposes. Contains requirements and recommendations on respirator selection, respirator fit, training, medical fitness, respirator maintenance and breathing air quality. Gives recommendations for the selection, use, care and maintenance of hearing protective devices.
12
13
CP 76: 1999 Code of Practice for the Selection, Use, Care and Maintenance of Hearing Protectors CP 78: 1999 Code of Practice for the Distribution of Hazardous Chemicals CP 84: 2000 Code of Practice for Entry Into and Safe Working in Confined Spaces CP 86: 2000 Code of Practice for Safe Use of Lasers in the Building and Construction Industry CP 87: 2001 Code of Practice for Illumination in Industrial Premises (Under review)
14
Covers the elements of a safety, health and environmental management systems for the storage, handling, transfer, re-packing and transportation of hazardous chemicals in Singapore. Does not apply to transportation of chemicals by air, radioactive substances, infectious substances and arms and explosives. Provides guidelines on the safety and health control measures relating to entry into and working in confined spaces at normal atmospheric pressure. Also covers the procedures for applying and issuing the permit-to-work for confined space entry. Sets out safety requirements for the use of lasers for alignment, levelling, control and survey tasks in the building and construction industry. Does not cover the design and manufacture of lasers, nor the use of lasers in other applications.
15
16
17
Provides guidelines on the provision of appropriate lighting for optimum visual performance in indoor industrial premises. Covers the design, installation, maintenance and improvement of the lighting systems to ensure safety, comfort, well-being and productivity of the workers. Maintenance luminance is recommended for different types of industrial areas, tasks and processes.
94
CP / SS
18 CP 88-3: 2004 Code of Practice for Temporary Electrical Installations Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Yards
19
CP 91: 2001 Code of Practice for Lockout Procedure CP 98: 2003 Code of Practice for Preparation and Use of Material Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
20
21
SS 98: 2005 Industrial Safety Helmets CP 99: 2003 Code of Practice for Industrial Noise Control
22
23
CP 101: 2004 Code of Practice for Safe Use of Powered Counterbalanced Forklifts SS 102: 1996 Valves and Safety Valves for Land Boilers, Steam Vessels and Piping Installations SS 152: 2003 Identification of Contents of Industrial Gas Containers SS 241: 1996 General Requirements for Electrical Accessories
24
25
26
95
CP / SS
27 SS 254 - 0: 2001 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres General Requirements SS 254 - 11: 2003 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres Intrinsic Safety i SS 254 - 6: 2003 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres Increased Safety e SS 286 - 1: 1984 Caution Labelling for Hazardous Substances - Classification and Class Labels for Hazardous Substances SS 402 - 1: 1997 Industrial Safety Belts and Harnesses - General Requirements SS 402 - 2: 1997 Industrial Safety Belts and Harnesses - Permanent Anchors SS EN 420: 2003 Protective Gloves - General Requirements and Test Methods SS 473 - 1: 1999 Personal Eye Protectors - General Requirements SS 473 - 2: 1999 Personal Eye Protectors - Selection, Use and Maintenance SS 507: 2004 Business Continuity / Disaster Recovery (BC / DR) Service Providers SS 506 - 1: 2004 Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Management System Specification
28
29
30
31
Describes the essential characteristics of each type of belt and harness. Gives guidance for the maintenance, inspection and storage of safety belts and harnesses. Also includes recommendations for fixtures for the attachment of belts.
32
Specifies the requirements for eyebolts and ancillary fittings for use as permanent, fixed anchorages for the direct attachment of safety lanyards of industrial safety belts and harnesses. Includes recommendations on the fixture of such anchorages to existing buildings and new construction together with methods of test and test requirements for assessing the suitability of anchorages. Defines the general requirements and relevant test procedures for glove design and construction, resistance of glove materials to water penetration, innocuousness, comfort and efficiency, marking and information supplied by the manufacturer. Does not apply to gloves used by the medical profession, used for protection against electrical hazards or for handling of products where cleanliness is of importance (e.g. food, PCB). Specifies functional requirements for the various types of personal eye-protectors used mainly in industries. Includes eye-protection in relation to the following hazards individually or in combinations: a) Mechanical and chemical hazards; b) Non-ionizing optical radiation hazards; c) Combinations of the above. Provides a basis to certify and differentiate the BC/DR service providers, helps the end-user organisations in selecting the best-fit service providers and provides quality assurance. Also establishes industry best practices to mitigate outsourcing risks.
33
34
35
36
37
This standard is an adoption of the Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) 18001: 1999 and gives requirements for an occupational health and safety (OHS) management system, to enable an organisation to control its OHS risks and improve its performance. It does not state specific OHS performance criteria, nor does it give detailed specifications for the design of a management system.
96
CP / SS
38 SS 506 - 2: 2004 Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Management System General Guidelines for the Implementation of OHS Management System
39
SS 508 - 1: 2004 Graphical Symbols - Safety Colours and Safety Signs Design Principles for Safety Signs in Workplaces and Public Areas SS 508 - 3: 2004 Graphical Symbols - Safety Colours and Safety Signs Safety Signs used in Workplaces and Public Areas SS 510: 2005 Code of Practice on Safety in Welding and Cutting (and other operations involving the use of heat) SS 513 - 1: 2005 Personal Protective Equipment Footwear - Safety Footwear SS 513 - 2: 2005 Personal Protective Equipment Footwear - Test Methods for Footwear TR 19: 2005 Technical Reference for Business Continuity Management (BCM)
40
41
Covers the safety practices to protect persons from injury and illness, and properties (including equipment) from damage by fire and other causes arising from welding and cutting equipment, its installation, operation and maintenance. Includes specific provisions for gas welding, shielded metal arc welding, submerged arc welding, gas metal arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, brazing, resistance welding, and thermit welding. Specifies basic and additional (optional) requirements for safety footwear.
42
43
44
Specifies the requirements for organisations intending to build competence, capacity, resilience and readiness to respond to and recover from events which threaten to disrupt normal business operations and activities. Stipulates the requirements to attain and maintain readiness to deal with risks and risk events faced by organisations due to the nature of their businesses, external environment or regulatory requirements. Does not prescribe how organisations should comply with the stipulations in this TR as each organisations operations and environment are unique, and changes with advancement in technology, business operations and activities, external environment and industry practices, and the need to comply with regulatory requirements. Does not deal with the management of the BC Plan project, e.g. project initiation and gaining of executive management support to endorse the project.
Environmental Protection
45 CP 100: 2004 Code of Practice for Hazardous Waste Management Sets out the procedures and practices on safe management and handling of hazardous wastes generated from industrial activities. Also sets out the key requirements for collection, transportation, storage, treatment and disposal of hazardous industrial wastes. Does not apply to biohazardous and radioactive wastes.
97
CP / SS
46 SS ISO 14001: 2004 Environmental Management Systems - Requirements with Guidance for Use
47
SS ISO 14004: 2004 Environmental Management Systems - General Guidelines on Principles, Systems and Supporting Techniques SS ISO 19011: 2002 Guidelines for Quality and / or Environmental Management Systems Auditing
48
Fire Safety
49 CP 25: 1999 Code of Practice for Emergency Voice Communication System in Buildings CP 29: 1998 Code of Practice for Fire Hydrant Systems and Hose Reels CP 10: 2005 Code of Practice for the Installation and Servicing of Electrical Fire Alarm Systems CP 45: 1989 Code of Practice for Halon 1301 Fire Protection Systems (Achieve) CP 52: 2004 Code of Practice for Automatic Fire Sprinkler System CP 55: 1991 Code of Practice for Use and Maintenance of Portable Fire Extinguishers SS 232 - 1: 1999 Portable Fire Extinguishers - Description, Duration of Operation, Class A and B Fire Tests Applies to the planning, design, installation, maintenance and testing of emergency voice communication systems in buildings and sets out requirements for the basic system. Gives recommended procedures for the use of the system and other information of an advisory nature. Covers the planning, installation, testing and upkeep of fire hydrant, wet and dry rising main and hose reel systems on building premises. Applies to the installation and servicing of electrical fire alarm systems in buildings. It covers alarm systems using manual call points, heat detectors, smoke detectors and flame detectors. The revision is intended to update existing requirements to bring the code in line with the latest fire alarm concepts and technologies. Specifies minimum requirements for the design, construction, installation, testing commissioning, maintenance and operation of automatic Halon 1301 fire protection systems in building. Places emphasis on system reliability and fire safety. Sets requirements for the installation of automatic sprinkler system in buildings and also provides for occupancy classification.
50
51
52
53
54
Covers minimum requirements for the selection, installation, inspection, testing and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers.
55
Specifies the characteristics of description, duration, operation, residual charge and the efficiency test applicable to portable fire extinguishers.
98
CP / SS
56 SS 232 - 2: 1999 Portable Fire Extinguishers Tightness, Dielectric Test, Tamping Test, Special Provisions SS 232 - 3: 1999 Portable Fire Extinguishers Construction, Resistance to Pressure, Mechanical Tests SS 232 - 4: 1999 Portable Fire Extinguishers Charges, Minimum Required Fire SS 232 - 5: 1999 Portable Fire Extinguishers Specification and Supplementary Tests SS 299 - 1: 1998 Fire Resistant Cables - Performance Requirements for Cables Required to Maintain Circuit Integrity under Fire Conditions SS 332: 2007 Specification for Fire Doors
57
Lays down technical specifications for extinguisher bodies and their accessories. Applies to the bodies of extinguishers in which the service pressure does not exceed 25 bar and to propellant gas cartridges. Also gives requirements relative to carbon dioxide extinguishers bodies.
58
Specifies the charges of portable fire extinguishers and the minimum required fire i.e. the maximum quantity of extinguishing medium that is to be used for the extinction of a given fire size. Specifies the characteristics of effective range of operating temperatures, requirements for components, resistance to corrosion, brackets, identification of the extinguisher and periodical checking. Specifies the performance requirements and provide test methods for mechanical and fire tests applicable to cables rated at voltages not exceeding 600/1000 V.
59
60
61
Specifies requirements for the construction and installation of fire-resistant door sets used to protect openings in walls and partitions which are required to resist the passage of fire. Includes the test standards for various types of hardware. Excludes back check on door closers. Aligns the requirements on the vision panel location on fire doors with the latest Fire Code and Code of Barrier Free Accessibility (CBFA) to allow the wheelchair users to avoid being accidentally struck by the door swing. Specifies requirements and test methods to assess the fire-resistance of the shutter required to protect openings in walls and to resist passage of fire. Applies to fire-resistant vertical roller shutters, lateral shutter, horizontal roller shutters and folding sliding shutters. Does not include the requirements necessary for day-to-day operation of fire shutters. Sets out requirements and recommendations for the safe storage and handling of flammable liquids, as classified in the chapter on the flammable liquids in the United Nations Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). Covers liquids of flash point up to 150 degrees Celsius. Does not apply to shipboard installations, mobile storage, plant or equipment in which liquid is processed, together with any vessels which form an integral part of the processing plant or equipment, bitumen and its mixtures prepared for road-making, flammable liquids stored in tanks exceeding 175 millibar above atmospheric pressure and liquefied gases that are maintained in the liquid phase for storage by means of pressure or refrigeration.
62
63
Ergonomics
64 SS 514: 2005 Code of Practice for Office ergonomics Provides guidelines on the designs and improvements of working situations to make the workplace safer, more comfortable and more productive. It covers the fundamentals of office ergonomics including physical, environmental and psychosocial elements. For preliminary ergonomics audit, a sample checklist could be used to identify potential problems for further improvements on the design.
99
Annex C-1:
Workplace Safety and Health Management: Risk Assessment Guidelines
Risk Management
Risk Management entails: Risk assessment of any work activity or trade; Control and monitoring of such risks; and Communicating these risks to all persons involved. These requirements are enshrined in the Workplace Safety and Health Management Regulations which is effective from 1 March 2006.
Risk Assessment
Risk assessment is an integral part of risk management. It is the process of: Identifying and analysing safety and health hazards associated with work; Assessing the risks involved; and Prioritising measures to control the hazards and reduce the risks. Every workplace, including factories, should conduct risk assessments for all routine and non-routine work undertaken.
100
The team should also consider the various environmental situations, e.g. weather and soil conditions, where these operations are carried out. Depending on the industry and nature of work activities, companies can adopt the activity-based or trade-based risk assessment approaches described in this Guide. Other methods of risk assessments may be adopted, but all methods should include the three basic steps of Hazard Identification, Risk Evaluation and Risk Control, and the selection of control measures must be based on the principles of Hierarchy of Control. The outcome of the risk assessment conducted, regardless of the method used, should be effective risk control measures.
Preparation Work
Prior to conducting a risk assessment, the following information should be obtained as far as possible: Plant layout plan; Process flowchart; List of work activities and / or trades; List of chemicals used; List of machinery and tools used; Records of past incidents and accidents; Relevant legislation; Relevant codes of practice or specifications; Inspection records; Details of existing risk controls; Health and safety audit reports; Feedback from staff, clients, suppliers or other stakeholders; Safe work procedures; Other information such as material safety data sheet (MSDS), manufacturers instruction manual; and Copies of any relevant previous risk assessments.
Layout and location of equipment. Possible types of accident or incident and ill health include: Person falling from height Slips or falls on the level Asphyxiation Object falling from height Electrocution Drowning Noise - induced deafness Skin dermatitis Collapse of structure Fire and explosion Struck by or against object Soft tissue damage (sprains, strains)
Persons-at-risk include: Persons directly involved in the operation; Persons not directly involved in the operation; Visitors of the workplace; and Members of the public.
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Risk evaluation is the process of estimating the risk levels for the hazards and their acceptability. This is used as a basis for prioritising actions to control these hazards and to minimise safety and health risks. Existing Risk Control The presence of existing control measures should first be identified for individual activity for each process. By considering the effectiveness of the existing controls and the consequences of their failure, the risk of the activity can be assessed. Examples of risk control measures include engineering controls, safe work procedures and personal protective equipment. For more details on risk control measures, please refer to STEP 3 of risk assessment. Risk is made up of two parts: 1) Expected severity of the hazard; and 2) Likelihood of the occurrence of the accident / incident or ill health taking into account the existing risk controls. Severity of Hazard Severity is the degree or extent of injury or harm caused by the hazards, or as a result of an accident. The severity is classified into three categories as minor, moderate and major. These are described in Table 1. Table 1 - Severity Categories and Description
Severity
Minor
Description
No injury, injury or ill health requiring first aid treatment only (includes minor cuts and bruises, irritation, ill health with temporary discomfort)
Moderate
Injury requiring medical treatment or ill health leading to disability (includes lacerations, burns, sprains, minor fractures, dermatitis, deafness, work-related upper limb disorders)
Major
Fatal, serious injury or life-threatening occupational disease (includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries, occupational cancer, acute poisoning and fatal diseases)
As the severity of the hazard refers to the intrinsic or inherent nature of the adverse effect (e.g. cancer, amputation or fatal injury) that may result from the hazard, it does not depend on the controls in place. Therefore, in assigning the severity level, the existing controls should not be taken into account. Likelihood of Occurrence Likelihood of occurrence of an accident or incident or ill health is also classified into three categories as remote, occasional and frequent. These are described in Table 2. Table 2 - Likelihood Categories and Description
Likelihood
Remote Occasional Frequent
Description
Not likely to occur Possible or known to occur Common or repeating occurrence
(Note: ASMI recommends the use of 5 x 5 matrix, as described in Annex C-3 of this Guideline, which should be used by the users in the marine industry.)
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To minimise the subjectivity of estimating likelihood, in addition to looking at existing controls, the following sources of information should be considered: Past incident and accident records; Industry practice and experience; and Relevant published literature. Risk Level Once the severity and likelihood have been established, the risk level can be determined. One approach is to use the following 3 X 3 matrix. The risk level may be classified as low, medium or high and is at the intersection of the severity row and the likelihood column. To determine the risk level, select the appropriate row for severity and the appropriate column for likelihood; the cell where they intersect indicates the risk level. For example, if the severity is moderate and the likelihood is occasional, the risk level is medium risk. Table 3 - Risk Matrix to Determine Risk Level
Severity
Major Moderate Minor
Likelihood
Remote
Medium Risk Low Risk Low Risk
Occasional
High Risk Medium Risk Low Risk
Frequent
High Risk High Risk Medium Risk
(Note: ASMI recommends the use of 5 x 5 matrix, as described in Annex C-3 of this Guideline, which should be used by the users in the marine industry.)
Risk Level
Low Risk
Acceptability of Risk
Acceptable
Recommended Actions
No additional risk control measures may be needed. However, frequent review may be needed to ensure that the risk level assigned is accurate and does not increase over time. A careful evaluation of the hazards should be carried out to ensure that the risk level is reduced to as low as is practicable within a defined time period. Interim risk control measures, such as administrative controls, may be implemented. Management attention is required.
Medium Risk
Moderately Acceptable
High Risk
Not Acceptable
High Risk level must be reduced to at least Medium Risk before work commences. There should not be any interim risk control measures and risk control measures should not be overly dependent on personal protective equipment or appliances. If need be, the hazard should be eliminated before work commences. Immediate management intervention is required before work commences.
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It is essential for risks to be eliminated or reduced at source. If a risk cannot be controlled completely by engineering measures, it is necessary to protect the employees by administrative control or personal protection. The control of hazards and reduction of risks can be accomplished by following the Hierarchy of Control measures below. These control measures are not usually mutually exclusive e.g. engineering controls can be implemented together with administrative controls like training and safe work procedures.
Elimination
Elimination of hazards refers to the total removal of the hazards and hence effectively making all the identified possible accidents and ill health impossible. This is a permanent solution and should be attempted in the first instance. If the hazard is removed, all the other management controls, such as workplace monitoring and surveillance, training, safety auditing, and record keeping will no longer be required. E.g. Laser marking of semiconductors eliminates the use of solvent for ink marking. Laser cutting eliminates noise hazard from powered saws.
Substitution
This involves replacing the hazard by one that presents a lower risk. E.g. Asbestos can be substituted with non-asbestos materials. A water-based paint can be used instead of a solvent-based paint.
Engineering Controls
Engineering controls are physical means that limit the hazard. These include structural changes to the work environment or work processes, erecting a barrier to interrupt the transmission path between the worker and the hazard. E.g. Isolation or containment of hazards, application of machine guards and manual handling devices.
Administrative Controls
These reduce or eliminate exposure to a hazard by adherence to procedures or instructions. Documentation should emphasise all the steps to be taken and the controls to be used in carrying out the activity safely. E.g. Implementation of permit-to-work systems and scheduling of incompatible works; OSH training.
Residual Risks
The risk assessment team should ensure that the risk assessment is conducted properly, and that any residual risks are acceptable and manageable. Residual risks are the remaining risks for which the planned risk controls are not able to effectively remove or control. The risk assessment team should also highlight the residual risks of each of the controls. For example, if the risk control involves the use of fall arrest harness and lanyards (a type of personal protective equipment), then one of the residual risks is that the workers may not hook up the lanyards to protect themselves. In this case, the risk assessment team may highlight training (administrative control) as a further measure to ensure that residual risk is further minimised. Once all the risk controls are selected and their residual risks highlighted, the risk assessment team needs to identify the action officers and follow-up dates. In this way, the specific action officers to implement the controls can be clearly identified, and the follow-up dates will help to ensure timeliness in implementation.
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Other Methods
There are other methods of conducting risk assessments, but all methods should include the three basic steps of Hazard Identification, Risk Evaluation and Risk Control, and the selection of control measures must be based on the principles of Hierarchy of Control.
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Record Keeping
A written description of the risk assessment must be kept for reference for three years. The Risk Assessment Form can be used for risk assessment and recording. All risk assessment records should be concise and kept in a register. The records should include the following information: Names and designations of risk assessment team members; Inventory of trades and/or work activities by process or location, associated with machinery, equipment and chemicals; Hazards identification for each work activity, and possible types of accident or incident; Existing risk control measures; Risk level for each hazard; Recommendations on additional risk controls required; Persons involved in implementing the measures on risk reduction; Signatures, date and designations of the persons conducting risk assessment; and
Terms
Contractor To supply any labour for gain or reward; or To do any work for gain or reward,
Definition
A person engaged by another person (referred to as principal) otherwise than under a contract of service -
in connection with any trade, business, profession or undertaking carried on by the other person. Hazard Anything or any source or situation with the potential to cause harm or injury. Hazards may be classified as: Likelihood Principal Chemical, e.g. acids, alkalis, solvents; Biological, e.g. bacteria, fungi and viruses; Electrical, e.g. frayed wires; Ergonomic, e.g. repetitive work, awkward postures, prolonged standing; Mechanical, e.g. damaged equipment, forklifts, cranes, overhead cranes, power press; Physical, e.g. excessive noise, heat, radiation; Psychosocial, e.g. overwork, poor supervision.
Probability or frequency of an event occurring. A person who, in connection with any trade, business, profession or undertaking carried on by him, engages any other person otherwise than under a contract of service: To supply any labour for gain or reward; or To do any work for gain or reward.
Risk
Likelihood that a hazard will cause a specific harm or injury to someone or something. More specifically, it is the likelihood of accidents or ill health occurring at work and the consequences of such occurrences. Workplace safety and health risk assessment is the process of identifying hazards, evaluating the risks, and determining the appropriate options for risk control. Workplace safety and health risk management involves the assessment of risks associated with any work activity or trade, control and monitoring of such risks, as well as communicating these risks. 107
Appendix A:
Instructions to Employers and Persons Conducting Activity-based Risk Assessment
1) Before completing the Risk Assessment Form, you have to complete the Inventory of Work Activities Form. You may use one inventory form for each process. 2) Outline the process workflow and indicate the process location under the Process / Location column. 3) For each work process, list all activities (routine and non-routine) under the Work Activities column. You may use one Activity-Based Risk Assessment Form for each process. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Record the names and designations of risk assessment team members in the Risk Assessment Form. Start with the first activity listed in the Inventory of Work Activities Form. Record this in columns 1a and 1b of the Risk Assessment Form. Identify the hazards associated with each activity and record these in column 1c. For each hazard identified, determine the consequence (possible accident / ill health and persons-at-risk) and record this in column 1d. If there is any existing hazard control measure for the hazard, record this in column 2a. Determine the severity of the accident or ill effect based on the following criteria, and record this in column 2b.
Severity
Minor
Description
No injury, injury or ill health requiring first aid treatment only (includes minor cuts and bruises, irritation, ill health with temporary discomfort)
Moderate
Injury requiring medical treatment or ill health leading to disability (includes lacerations, burns, sprains, minor fractures, dermatitis, deafness, work-related upper limb disorders)
Major
Fatal, serious injury or life-threatening occupational disease (includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries, occupational cancer, acute poisoning and fatal diseases)
7) Taking into consideration the existing hazard control measure(s), estimate the likelihood of occurrence of each accident or ill effect based on the following criteria, and record this in column 2c.
Severity
Major Moderate Minor
Likelihood
Remote
Medium Risk Low Risk Low Risk
Occasional
High Risk Medium Risk Low Risk
Frequent
High Risk High Risk Medium Risk
(Note: ASMI recommends the use of 5 x 5 matrix, as described in Annex C-3 of this Guideline, which should be used by the users in the marine industry.) 8) Based on the severity and likelihood, assign the risk level for each hazard using the risk matrix below, and record this in column 2d.
Likelihood
Remote Occasional Frequent
Description
Not likely to occur Possible or known to occur Common or repeating occurrence
(Note: ASMI recommends the use of 5 x 5 matrix, as described in Annex C-3 of this Guideline, which should be used by the users in the marine industry.) 108
9) Based on the risk level assigned, suggest appropriate risk control measures (see Table below) and record these in column 3a following the hierarchy: Elimination, Substitution, Engineering Controls, Administrative Measures and Personal Protective Equipment.
Risk Level
Low Risk
Acceptability of Risk
Acceptable
Recommended Actions
No additional risk control measures may be needed. However, frequent review may be needed to ensure that the risk level assigned is accurate and does not increase over time. A careful evaluation of the hazards should be carried out to ensure that the risk level is reduced to as low as is practicable within a defined time period. Interim risk control measures, such as administrative controls, may be implemented. Management attention is required.
Medium Risk
Moderately Acceptable
High Risk
Not Acceptable
High Risk level must be reduced to at least Medium Risk before work commences. There should not be any interim risk control measures and risk control measures should not be overly dependent on personal protective equipment or appliances. If need be, the hazard should be eliminated before work commences. Immediate management intervention is required before work commences.
10) With the consensus of management or employer, assign a suitable person to implement the recommended risk control, and indicate the follow-up date in column 3b. 11) Repeat the risk assessment for other activities and processes listed in the Inventory of Work Activities Form. 12) Management or employer must endorse and approve the risk assessment results. Employer must communicate all risk assessments to employees, monitor the follow-up actions, and keep the risk assessment records for at least three (3) years. 13) Conduct another round of risk assessment after the risk control measures have been implemented; use a new risk assessment form to indicate the reduction in risk levels. 14) Review the risk assessment records every three (3) years or whenever there are changes in processes or work activities, whichever is earlier.
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Company:
No.
Process / Location
110
Company:
Process / Location:
1. Hazard Identification
1d. Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 3a. Additional Risk Control
2. Risk Evaluation
3. Risk Control
3b. Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
1a.
1b.
1c.
No.
Work Activity
Hazard
111
Appendix B:
Worked Examples (Activity-based Risk Assessment Form)
The following worked examples illustrate the detailed steps in conducting a risk assessment. The activities associated with each process, type of hazards, and the risk control measures in these examples are generic and not exhaustive, and may not be applicable to similar work in your workplace.
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Company:
Process / Location:
1. Hazard Identification
1d. Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Moderate Frequent High Likelihood Safety shoes Risk Level Additional Risk Control 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 3a.
2. Risk Evaluation
3. Risk Control
3b. Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
1a.
1b.
1c.
No.
Work Activity
Hazard
Falling object
Provide mechanical lifting devices e.g. forklift for moving metal drums to spray booth
Organic vapour respirators; Safe work procedures; Local exhaust ventilation system for spray booth
Remote
Low
Fire from solvents can result in serious injury or death of worker and nearby people
Major
Remote
Medium
Substitute solventbased paint with high-solids coatings or use airless spray method; Keep minimum quantity of flammable liquids in the vicinity of spraying operation; Provide adquete fire extinguishers.
Ho Beng Long, Plant Manager (02/01/2006); (16/02/2005); Tan Ah Lim, Operator; Ong Huat Teng , Supervisor, (15/09/2004); Ho Beng Long, Plant Manager, (30/09/2004)
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1. Hazard Identification
1d. Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 3a. 3b.
1a.
1b.
1c.
No.
Work Activity
Hazard
Organic vapour respirators, Safe work procedures; Local exhaust ventilation system
Flammable spray paint mists / vapours and ignition sources Major Remote
Explosion from spray paint mists and vapours can result in serious injury or death of worker and nearby people
Medium
Regular maintenance of spray booth e.g. changing of filters and testing for airflow; Monitor workers exposure to solvent vapours; Use explosion proof type of lights and fixtures; Use a non-sparking exhaust fan; Bond and ground spraying equipment and conductive objects
Ho Beng Long, Plant Manager (15/01/2005) Tan Ah Lim, Operator; Ong Huat Teng , Supervisor (15/09/2004) Ho Beng Long, Plant Manager (30/09/2004)
114
Company:
Process / Location:
1. Hazard Identification
1d. Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Instructions on safe work practice Minor Occasional Low Use leather hand gloves Risk Level Additional Risk Control 2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 3a.
2. Risk Evaluation
3. Risk Control
3b. Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Ong Huat Teng , Supervisor; Tan Ah Lim, Operator (30/9/2004)
1a.
1b.
1c.
No.
Work Activity
Hazard
Serious cuts and hands getting caught in the rotating parts of the machine High
Operating the machine Warning signs; Training of new employees; Face shields; Safety goggles; PPE Major Correct lifting posture Minor Remote
Introduce daily check on safety function; Install machine guarding on rotating parts start-up
Ong Huat Teng , Supervisor; (13/03/2005) Ho Beng Long, Plant Manager (01/02/2005)
Flying fragments
Serious cuts and eye injuries by flying fragments of blades that break during slitting
Medium
Use knife with stronger blades; Install machine guarding on rotating parts Occasional Low Consider mechanical devices e.g. scissors stacker
Heavy load
A worker operates a paper slitting machine. His work includes loading 10 kg of paper rolls onto the machine, cutting the paper and unloading the cut paper. He also needs to repair and maintain the machine regularly as well as to change the blades of the machine.
Serious cuts from knives and getting caught in rotating parts if machine is accidentally started
Major
Occasional
High
Install guarding on rotating parts; Lock-out and tag-out procedure for repair and maintenance
Ho Beng Long, Production Manager (01/02/2005); Ong Huat Teng, Supervisor (01/12/2004)
115
Appendix C:
Instructions to Employers and Persons Conducting Trade-based Risk Assessment
Before completing the risk assessment form, you have to complete the Inventory of Trades Form. 1) List all trades or jobs and the names of persons doing the job under the Trade column. 2) For each trade or job, list and describe the main activities under the Main Activities column. You may use one Trade-Based Risk Assessment Form for each trade. 3) Record the names and designations of risk assessment team members in the Risk Assessment Form. 4) Start with the first trade listed in the Inventory of Trade Form. Record this in the Risk Assessment Form. 5) Identify the hazards associated with the activity of the trade, categorise the hazards by type (e.g. chemical, physical, electrical and mechanical hazards) and briefly describe these in column 1. 6) For each hazard identified, indicate whether it can cause harm (i.e. whether the hazard poses a risk) by a tick in the Yes or No box drawn in column 2. 7) If the hazard can cause harm, list all possible risk control measures (including existing measures) in column 3a to eliminate the hazard or reduce the risk following the hierarchy of control measures: Elimination, Substitution, Engineering Controls, Administrative Controls and PPE. Leave some blank spaces for later additions. 8) Tick the boxes next to the listed actions that are existing hazard control measures. 9) For those items that are not ticked, indicate the names of persons who are responsible for implementing the control measures, and state the dates of implementation in column 3b. 10) For any existing hazard control measures to be removed, state the reasons in column 3b. 11) Repeat steps 2 to 8 for the other trades listed in the Inventory of Trades Form. 12) Management or employer must endorse and approve the risk assessment results. Employer must communicate all risk assessments to employees, monitor the follow-up actions, and keep the risk assessment records for at least three (3) years. 13) After the risk control measures have been implemented, conduct another round of risk assessment using a new risk assessment form. 14) Review the risk assessment records every three (3) years or whenever there are changes in trades or work activities, whichever is earlier.
116
Company:
Job:
2. Risk Evaluation
1.
2.
3b.
Is hazard likely to harm someone? List of risk control measures Tick if it is an existing measure
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
117
Appendix D:
Worked Examples (Trade-based Risk Assessment Form)
The following worked examples illustrate the detailed steps in conducting a risk assessment. The activities associated with each process, type of hazards, and the risk control measures in these examples are generic and not exhaustive, and may not be applicable to similar work in your workplace.
118
Company:
Job:
Spray Painter
2. Risk Evaluation
1.
2.
Limbs crushed due to: Falling metal drum while moving the drum to spray booth
Yes
Unsafe work practice causing back injury due to: Manual handling of drum while moving the drum to spray booth
Yes
Exposure to spray paint solvent during preparation and mixing of paint Exposure to spray paint solvent during spray painting
Yes
Yes
119
1. Hazard Identification
2. Risk Evaluation
1.
2.
Flammable solvents and ignition sources from the preparation and mixing of paints Flammable solvents and ignition sources from spray painting
Yes
Yes
No
120
Company:
Job:
2. Risk Evaluation
1.
2.
Contact with blades while loading the machine with paper roll
Yes
Cuts from knives due to: Accidental start-up of machine during the repair and maintenance
Yes
A worker operates a paper slitting machine. His work includes loading 10 kg of paper rolls onto the machine, cutting the paper and unloading the cut paper. He also needs to repair and maintain the machine regularly as well as to change the blades of the machine.
Unguarded machine during operation Unguarded machine during repair and maintenance
Yes
Yes
121
Company:
Job:
2. Risk Evaluation
1.
2.
3b.
Hazards associated with trade Implement safe work practice No Other suggestion for actions can be added here Delayed start-up after ON-button is pressed Install machine guarding on rotating parts No Implement lock-out and tag-out procedures Other suggestion for actions can be added here Install machine guarding on rotating parts No Delayed start-up after ON-button pressed Conduct daily start-up check on safety functions No Implement lock-out and tag-out procedures for repair and maintenance Use leather hand gloves
Is hazard likely to harm someone? List of risk control measures Tick if it is an existing measure
Contact with blades while loading the machine with paper roll
Yes
Cuts from knives due to: Accidental start-up of machine during the repair and maintenance
Yes
Yes
Unguarded machine during operation Unguarded machine during repair and maintenance
Yes
122
1. Hazard Identification
2. Risk Evaluation
1.
2.
Heavy load when lifting slit papers on pallets for unloading purpose
Yes
Yes
Yes
123
Training
Annex C-2:
Risk Management Programme Documentation Data and Records to be Maintained Implementation Hazard Identification Communication to all persons affected Prevention and Control Meaures Risk Management Team Respective Risk Management Team
Continual Improvement
Review
Legend
Process Flow
124
Annex C-3:
Risk Assessment Matrix In the Marine Industry
5 by 5 Risk Matrix
Likelihood
Likelihood
Remote Probable Occasional Periodical Frequent
Description
So unlikely it can be assumed occurrence may not be experienced Not likely to occur in company, but possible Likely to occur sometimes in company (1-3 times a year) Likely to occur several times in company (4-10 times a year) Likely to occur repeatedly in company ( more than 10 times a year)
Consequence
Severity
Slight injuries or health effect Slight injury or health effect
Description
Injury or ill health requiring first aid treatment only (includes minor cuts and bruises, irritation, ill health with temporary discomfort) Injury requiring medical treatment or ill health leading to disability
(includes lacerations, burns, sprains, minor fractures, dermatitis, deafness, work-related upper limb disorders) Serious injury or life threatening occupational diseases
(includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries, occupational cancer, acute poisoning and fatal diseases) Serious injuries resulting in fatality or irreversible health damage with death (e.g. chemical, asphyxiation, cancer)
Fatal
Note: This risk matrix is meant for reference when developing risk assessment guidelines. 125
Risk Matrix
Frequent 5
H H H H M
1
M M L L L
3
H H M M L
4
H H H M M
Acceptability of Risk
Acceptable
Recommended Actions
No additional control measures may be needed. Regular review is required to ensure risk level assigned is accurate and does not increase over time. Ensure risk level is reduced to as low as is practicable. Within a defined time period. Implement interim risk control measures such as administrative controls. Reduce to at least medium risk before work commences. There should not be any interim risk control measures and risk control measures should not be overly dependent on Personal Protective Equipment. If need be, the hazard should be eliminated before work commences. Immediate management intervention is required before work commences.
Moderately Acceptable
Not Acceptable
Note: This risk matrix is meant for reference when developing risk assessment guidelines. 126
Annex C-4:
Sample of ASMI Templates on Risk Assessment
RA Template: Scaffold RA Templates: Tank Cleaning RA Templates: Steelwork RA Templates: Piping RA Templates: Painting and Blasting RA Templates: Mechanical Work RA Templates: Marine Transport RA Templates: Electrical
Note: The RA templates were drawn up by participants from workshops conducted by ASMI and MOM. These templates derived (which may not be sufficient or comprehensive) are available for reference only as sample formats.
127
1. RA Templates: Electrical
Risk Assessment Form
Company: Task: Approved by: (Date) Renew Main Mast Equipment: Navigation Light Conducted by: (Date) Group 1 (13/09/06)
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Monitor workers to be equipped with proper PPE (body harness) Counter check by multi-meter Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor and Safety Officer
Reference
Document for Reference
Fatality
Remove existing navigation light Bring down existing navigation light and bring up new light Install new navigation light
Live wire
Falling hazard
Body injuries
Lifting Supervisor
Supervisor
Permit-to-work system
and authorised person to conduct test VSCC meeting 5 1 M Conduct toolbox meeting
Live wire
128
13/09/2006
12/09/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Keep the area clear / dry slippery surface or Use cable hanger to Trip and fall due to wires hang cable and cables on floor Use of PPE Minor injury Ensure only trained Collision, topple of
forklift and licensed forklift driver operates Ensure the path of forklift is free from obstruction Ensure not to overload Secure the load
Nil
Supervisor
Transport of load bank / cables to Moving vehicle work site using Falling object forklift
5 2
1 2
M L
Supervisor
Hand / finger
Injuries Falling object
gloves
2 2
2 2
L Nil L Supervisor
Highlight in VSCC
4 Isolation of power in switchboard meeting Live voltage
Ensure skilled
electrician is used Lockout / tagout at main switchboard
Supervisor
129
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Briefing by
5 2 1 2 M L Supervisor
Ensure no
presence of electricity
Supervisor
and load bank are properly barricade Ensure that physical check on the cable
Operation of
5 1 M warning light
Use walkie-talkie
to communicate
Supervisor
Ensure generator
is switched off and stopped Ensure the main switchboard is isolated 5 1 M
Ensure no
presence of Supervisor electricity Use walkie-talkie to communicate
130
13/09/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Unknown
condition Trip, slip and fall
5 5
1 1
M M
Supervisor
Lockout / tagout Use correct tool Hot work permit PPE Fire watch Trained rigger /
signalmen
generated from gas cutting, may cause flame Body injuries/ fatality
Supervisor
Falling object
131
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference Ensure checklist for forklift
Collision, topple,
Moving vehicle over capacity Body injuries/ fatality Damage property
Hand caught
6 Dismantle / assembly of alternator in between
PPE Proper tools Correct WPs Avoid / minimise hand contact and over extension
Supervisor
Chemical cleaning
Burn Allergic
Burn
Supervisor
Baking
Supervisor
Testing
Supervisor
132
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
hand gloves)
MSDS
Electric hazard
Finger injuries
133
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor / Charge Hand
Reference
Document for Reference
Permit highlight
5 1 M in VSCC Briefing all personnel
Short circuit
134
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Entry permit Force ventilation General lighting Lifeline rope Body harness / safety belt Take 5
5 5
1 1
M M
Portable gas
meter
Supervisor
Electrocution Fatality
Work highlighted in
VSCC
Discharge
5 1 M residual voltage Test with meter
Hot work
Burns Fatality
Work at height
Falling hazard
Fractures Fatality
135
13/09/2006
13/09/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Identify the Live power location of the supply whole loop Falling from according to the height one-line diagram Unknown gas and P and ID condition layout drawing Visual check the grounding cable and cleaning for the panel
equipments that relate to this loop PPE Check the staging OK Tag and use harness Apply entry permit and use vent-fan
5 5 5
1 1 1
Disconnect all the cables to do the continuous check and merger test
Supervisor Officer
136
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Electric shock
Supervisor Officer
137
13/09/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level L M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference MSDS
Fumes, vapor,
1 Cleaning of switchboard chemical and dust Present of live power
Inhalation of harmful
chemical Electrocution
3 5
1 1
Respirator Temporary
earthing of bus bar
Supervisor
Deploy skilled
electrician 3 High pot and megger test Present of live power
Do it at night (silent
Electrocution hour) Use proper tool/ measuring device Rubber mat LOTO 5 1 M
Supervisor
Electrocution
Supervisor
Power up
Electrocution
Communicate
5 1 M through walkie-talkie Display warning sign Supervisor
LOTO at breaker
138
12/09/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Clean and dry environment Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Safety Assessor and Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Greasy / oily floor Lack of Tripping and Slipping ventilation and Body injuries
lighting
2 2
3 2
Isolation of power Disconnection and removal of existing wires Cable Pulling and Strapping
Electrocution
Check and ensure no presence electricity Wear anti-slip gloves Men evenly spaced out while working on staging Wear anti-slip gloves
Supervisor
Ergonomics
Supervisor
Height Ergonomics
Slippage of tools and over tightening
Termination
139
11/09/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Live wire
Supervisor
Cleaning breaker and tightening bolt and nut (air blow and hand cleaning)
Supervisor
Slipping of
3 Check breakers breakers Limited space
Supervisor
140
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Supervisor
Supervisor
141
13/09/06 by Group 10
15/09/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Access the location of the emergency generator room (location identification) Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling / tripping
Body injuries
Torchlight
Supervisor
Live power
explosion
PPE Rubber glove Correct tools VSCC Meeting Deploy skilled electrician Prevent tool from falling onto the battery Cover the battery with wooden plank
Barricade work
2 5 3 1 M M area and display warning sign Brief worker on the procedure Supervisor
Disconnect the link and cable with a correct size spanner (correct tools)
Improper tools
Hand injuries
Supervisor
142
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Take out the battery from the battery box manually and clean the box
Manual lifting
Require two persons to lift Correct posture PPE Manual lifting procedure Require two persons to lift Correct posture PPE Manual lifting procedure
Supervisor
Manual lifting
Back injuries
Supervisor
Live terminal
Electric shock
Supervisor
143
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Lifting supervisor to assess the load and type of lifting method to be used Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
Competent and
Wrong assessment experienced lifting supervisor (undergone MOM lifting training) 3 1 L Lifting Supervisor
Lifting can only be carried out with the recommended lifting gears and lifting machines Verified NDT report prior to lifting operation.
Lifting Supervisor
144
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
To be carried out be
qualified rigger
Falling from
Hook up lifting gear as co-ordinated with crane operator and signalman height (if rigging is required to be performed at height Falling lifting gears Improper handling
Lifting Supervisor
Falling and
5 Load lifting caught by suspended load Crane failure foul weather toppling
145
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Load positioning
Ensure adequate
Minor body injuries lighting prior to lifting Ensure communicate to rigger via walkietalkie Ensure adequate illumination 3 2 M
lifting area is cordoned off Stop crane movement if load swing is too extensive Stop work during foul weather Use experienced lifting crew for complicated lift Swing slowing observe SWP
146
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling from
Load in position, Removal of lifting gears height (if rigging is required to be performed at Hand / finger injuries height) Falling lifting gears Improper handling
Lifting Supervisor to
conduct safety briefing
147
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Reconfirm the
weight of load by second party Keep clear from any unauthorised personnel Lifting can only be carried out with the recommended lifting gears and lifting machines Foreman / Supervisor Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
Foreman / Supervisor
To be carried out by
qualified rigger
Falling from
3 Hook up lifting gear as co-ordinated with crane operator height (if rigging is required to be performed on the lorry) Improper handling Hand / finger injuries
148
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Lorry crane
4 Lifting of pipe onto lorry toppled Faulty lifting gear Struck by object
Set up outrigger Fully qualified driver Barricade lifting area Firm and solid ground Lifting equipment in good working condition (with valid cert), and within Safe Working Load Swing slowing observe SWP Safe Work Practice for manual handling
Conduct toolbox
briefing 5 1 M
RA briefing Supplier
to provide maintenance record
Conduct
toolbox briefing
Driver / Helper
149
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Lorry crane
7 Lifting of pipe off the lorry toppled Faulty lifting gear Struck by object
Set up outrigger Fully qualified driver Barricade lifting area Firm and solid ground Lifting equipment in good working condition (with valid cert), and within Safe Working Load Swing slowly observe SWP Safe Work Practice for manual handling
Conduct toolbox
briefing 5 1 M
RA briefing Supplier
to provide maintenance record
Falling from
Load in position, removal of lifting gears height (if rigging is required to be performed at height) Falling lifting gears Improper handling Lifting supervisor to conduct safety briefing Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
150
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Reconfirm the
Assess the weight and CG of the load Wrong assessment of weight
Calculate weight by
competent person Check from technical drawing for the correct weight 5 1 M
weight of the load by a second Foreman / party Supervisor Keep clear from any unauthorised personnel
Hit by moving
object Wrong selection Hand / finger injuries
surrounding area from any unauthorised personnel Wear appropriate PPEs Identify strong anchor points
Foreman / Supervisor
To be carried out by a
qualified rigger 3 Hook up the steel plates Caught in between objects
151
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling and
caught by suspended load Crane failure Falling load
to lifting Use proper tug line Deploy qualified riggers, signalmen and crane operators Follow SWP Wear appropriate PPEs Check condition of lifting gears prior to lifting Nobody must be under the suspended load
Pinch points
152
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Check the weight of the staging material and SWL of the crane used Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Toppling of
crane due to overload Falling objects Wrong assessment
Lifting Supervisor
Falling objects
Barricade the surrounding Put in sentry to inform other workers to prevent them from coming near the lifting
Falling objects
Fatality
153
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
to lifting Use proper tug line Deploy qualified riggers, signalmen and crane operator Follow SWP Wear appropriate PPEs Check condition of lifting gears prior to lifting Nobody must be under the suspended load
Falling from
height (if rigging is required to be Load in position, performed at removal of lifting height) gears Falling lifting gears Improper handling Lifting supervisor to conduct safety briefing Rigger and Signalmen on site Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
154
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Engineering to produce drawings for lift that includes weight of installation and C.G, Padeye/ reinforcements
Wrong weight
assessment
Wrong lifting
method proposed
Anchoring
Arrival of floating crane by tugboat and setup mooring lines points not available Anchoring points not strong Damage mooring line
Personnel to be cleared
from mooring line limit Hand / finger injuries
Physical check on
bollard and anchoring points by crane section
155
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
gear for the task (size and capacity) Training programme for rigger to enhance safety awareness All loose items must be secured / removed Safety harness/ safety belt to be used above 2m and on hanging staging Ensure crane operator, rigger and signalman have clear communication via walkie-talkie
use tag line Ensure competent crane driver Ensure proper lifting equipment used Dont stand under suspended load Ensure crane operator, rigger and signalman have clear communication via walkie-talkie
156
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Load positioning
Falling from height Restricted visibility Foul weather Inadequate lighting Miscommunication
Ensure adequate
lighting prior to lifting
Ensure communicate to
rigger via walkie-talkie
Ensure adequate
illumination
Ensure sufficient
Hit by object Restricted visibility Foul weather Inadequate lighting Miscommunication manpower to handle tag line Dont stand under suspended load Ensure the immediate lifting area is cordoned off Stop crane movement if load swing is too extensive Stop work during foul weather Use experienced-lifting crew for complicated lift Swing slowing observe SWP
Body injuries
157
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling from
height (if rigging is required to be performed at Hand / finger injuries height) Falling lifting gears Improper handling Lifting supervisor to conduct safety briefing Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
Load positioning
158
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Body injuries
Make sure
nobody is on the driveway Keep a good lookout when approaching corners or blind spots Assist co-worker Scaffolding Supervisor / Foreman Trained Forklift Driver Safe Work Procedure for forklift operation
159
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Foreman Trained Forklift Driver Scaffolding Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Toppling scaffold
3 Lifting the load materials Congested surroundings Heavy human traffic overload
Body injuries to
somebody
Property damage
Safe working
3 3 M load Operator to check
Obstruction on
4 Transporting to designated area driveway Speeding Uneven surface Uneven distribution of load
Body injuries to
somebody
Property damage
Unloading
Warning buzzer
6 Backing out and park the forklift Vision block Property damage (or) body injuries activated Back view mirror Ensure the operator has clear back view 5 1 M
Scaffolding Supervisor
160
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Conduct meeting for the related section Hazard Wrong calculation / info Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) The lifting info reviewed by the assigned person Severity Likelihood Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
Reconfirm the
weight of the load by a second Foreman/ party Supervisor Keep clear from any unauthorised personnel Lifting can only be carried out with the recommended lifting gears and lifting machines Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
Wrong selection
Foreman/ Supervisor
161
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Barricade. Nobody
nearby the suspended load Ensure the load is stable and within the lifting capacity of the crane Check C.G of load Ensure crane on stable ground
Crane collapse
162
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
To be carried out by a
qualified rigger
gear for the task (size and capacity) All loose items must be secured/ removed Safety harness/ safety belt to be used above 2m and on hanging staging Ensure crane operator, rigger and signalman have clear communication (walkie-talkie)
Lifting Supervisor
Ensure adequate
Minor body injuries lighting prior to lifting (maintenance) Ensure communication with rigger via walkietalkie Ensure adequate illumination 3 2 M Use additional lifting gear Rigger and Signalmen on site
Load positioning
163
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Ensure sufficient
Hit by object Restricted visibilty Foul weather Inadequate lighting Miscommunication manpower to handle tag line Dont stand under suspended load Ensure the immediate lifting area is cordoned off Stop crane movement if load swing is too extensive Stop work during foul weather Use experience-lifting crew for complicated lift. Swing slowing observe SWP
Body injuries
164
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Reconfirm the
weight of load by second party Keep clear from any unauthorised personnel Lifting can only be carried out with the recommended lifting gears and lifting machines Foreman/ Supervisor Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
workers.
Foreman/ Supervisor
Falling from
3 Hook up lifting gear as co-ordinated with crane operator height (if rigging is required to be performed on the height) Improper handling Hand / finger injuries
165
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
crane driver Ensure proper lifting equipment used Dont stand under suspended load Ensure crane operator, rigger and signalman have clear communication (walkie-talkie) Check ground movement
Load positioning
Ensure adequate
Minor body injury lighting prior to lifting Ensure communication with rigger via walkie-talkie Ensure adequate illumination 3 2 M
166
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Ensure sufficient
Hit by object Restricted visibility Foul weather Inadequate lighting Miscommunication manpower to handle tag line Dont stand under suspended load Ensure the immediate lifting area is cordoned off Stop crane movement if load swing is too extensive Stop work during foul weather Use experience-lifting crew for complicated lift Swing slowing observe SWP
Body injury
167
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Reconfirm the
weight of the load by a second Foreman/ party Supervisor Keep clear from any unauthorised personnel Lifting can only be carried out with the recommended lifting gears and lifting machines Safe Work Procedure for lifting operation
workers.
Foreman/ Supervisor
Falling from
height (if rigging is required to be performed at height) Improper handling Hand / finger injuries
168
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
crane driver Ensure proper lifting equipment used Dont stand under suspended load Ensure crane operator, rigger and signalman have clear communication via walkie-talkie
Ensure adequate
Minor body injuries lighting prior to lifting (maintenance) Ensure communication with rigger via walkie-talkie Ensure adequate illumination 3 2 M Use additional lifting gear Rigger and Signalmen on site
Load positioning
169
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Ensure sufficient
Hit by object Restricted visibility Foul weather Inadequate lighting Miscommunication manpower to handle tag line Dont stand under suspended load Ensure the immediate lifting area is cordoned off Stop crane movement if load swing is too extensive Stop work during foul weather Use experienced lifting crew for complicated lift Swing slowing observe SWP
Body injuries
Use whistle for area clearance and place signboard crane siren
170
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Faulty mechanism can lead to accidents Body injuries
Assist co-worker
to make sure nobody is on the driveway Keep a good lookout when approaching corners or blind spots Scaffolding Supervisor/ Foreman Trained Forklift Driver Safe Work Procedure for forklift operation
Body injuries or fatality
operator Drive slowly. Observe speed limit Reduce speed if necessary Keep fork about 1 foot above ground Only trained forklift operators are allowed to operate
171
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Scaffolding Supervisor/ Foreman Trained Forklift Driver
Reference
Document for Reference
Overload Toppling of
3 Lifting the load
scaffold materials Property damage Congested Body injuries to surroundings somebody Heavy human traffic
Passage to be kept
clear
Obstruction
4 Transporting to designated area on driveway Speeding Uneven surface Uneven distribution of load
Body injuries to
somebody Property damage
Warning buzzer
6 Backing out and park the forklift Vision block Property damage (or) body injuries activated Back view mirror Ensure the operator has clear back view 5 1 M
Scaffolding Supervisor
172
31/10/06
Table 1
1. Hazard Identification
No. 1 Task Step Preparation of tools Isolate hydraulic system and power supply Dismantle bow thruster at working platform Lifting and shifting of bow thruster Repair and replace worn of material Inspection and assembling bow thruster Testing and completion Hazard Struck by tools Oil spill Electrocution Falling from height Falling of object Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Injury Slip and fall Fatality Permanent total disablement Major injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Proper tools Housekeeping Lockout / tagout system Proper staging and hook safety harness Ensure certified equipments and lifting gears Ensure certified lifting equipments and lifting gears Proper job communication and proper PP Proper job communication and proper PP Barricade testing area and coordinate the job in VSCC meeting Severity Likelihood 1 4 5 2 4 1 2 1 4 2 Risk Level L M M M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Safety briefing and co-ordination Safety briefing Barricade the area Use qualified riggers and signalman Safety toolbox meeting Safety toolbox meeting Ensure no incompatible work in the area, and barricade the area
Falling of objects Caught in between objects Caught in between objects High pressure hydraulic leakage
Body injuries
Lifting Supervisor
Hand injuries
Trade Supervisor
Hand injuries
Major injuries
173
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Lack of oxygen, lack of light and toxic gas Struck by spanner Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Brain damage, falling and fatality Hand / finger injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Perform gas check, apply permit, provide adequate lighting Use of PPE, use of proper tools Proper PPE and proper tools Clean spilled oil using saw dust Barricade Use proper PPE, barricade and display sign boards 2 2 L Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Inform in VSCC and safety briefing Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Inspection of pump room Isolate the system Dismantling pipe lines Remove dismantle pump casing impeller Clear access for pump to shift Dismantle pump equipment in workshop
Supervisor
Ship Staff
Struck by objects
Body injuries
Supervisor
Supervisor
Foreman
174
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Use proper PPE / proper tools Use proper PPE / proper tools Use proper PPE / proper tools Use proper PPE / proper tools Use proper PPE / proper tools Use safety goggles, barricade the area Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Safety briefing Supervisor Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Fall of equipment 7 Clean inspect and measure Struck by object Replace bearing / mechanical seal Install back shaft, impeller, couplings Reinstall on board Alignment and commissioning Struck by object / equipment Falling / struck by tools Struck by object Struck by object / pressurized liquid
10
Supervisor
11
Safety briefing
Supervisor
175
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Inspection of rudder Remove rudder bottom plug Remove access cover (bolted type) Check clearance Hazard Falling from height Oil spillages, slip and fall Struck by dropped object Struck and cut finer by hand tools Falling from height Struck by dropped object Struck by hand tool Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fatality
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Use safety harness and hook up Prepare container for collecting drain oil, clean oil and apply permit Coordinate and wear proper PPE Wear hand gloves, adequate lighting Use proper PPE, hook up body harness Wear proper PPE, proper barricade Wear hand gloves 3 Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Safety toolbox briefing Action Officer (Follow-up date) Mechanical Supervisor Mechanical Supervisor Barricade the fall zone area Toolbox meetings Check all hooking point and to staging OK tag All trade supervisors Mechanical Supervisor Mechanical Supervisor All Trade Supervisors Mechanical Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Body injuries
Fatality
Finger injuries
Final inspection Close rudder access Refit the rudder bottom plug
Fatality
Major injuries
176
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fatality
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Safety briefing and proper scaffold inspection Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Erect staging
Falling hazard
Scaffold Supervisor
Falling hazard 2 Weld eye piece on ship hull Electrocution Fire hazard Set up chain blocks and slings to support propeller, rope guard and cone Remove rope guard using gas cutter Remove cement and cones bolts Falling hazard and falling of object Fatality
Use safety harness Inspect the equipment and wire for leaks Permit-to-work and fire watch man Use safety harness, check all lifting equipments Supervision and follow permit-to-work systems Use safety harness, use proper PPE, cordon off the area
5 5 5
1 1 1
Body injuries
Immediate Supervisor
Body burn
Body injuries
177
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Use safety harness and inspect the scaffolding Supervision Use safety harness, use proper PPE, cordon off the area Use safety harness and inspect the scaffolding Severity Likelihood 2 2 1 2 1 3 Risk Level L L L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer (Follow-up date) Stagging Supervisor Immediate Supervisor Immediate Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Body injuries
Scaffold Supervisor
10
Fatality
Lifting Supervisor
178
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Steam Electrocution Slip and fall Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Scald by steam Fatality Body, head and finger injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Proper PPE Lockout / tagout procedure and isolation House keeping and cleaning the spilled oil by sawdust Use tested lifting equipment and wear proper PPE Severity Likelihood 1 5 1 1 1 1 Risk Level L M L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Isolate the system To drain the steam and oil Use chain block to lift up the cover and remove the motor
Safety briefing
Supervisors Supervisors
Finger injuries
Safety briefing
Supervisors
179
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Opening of foundation bolts and bearings Remove hydraulic hoses Remove brake band Lifting the complete assembly to trailer and then to workshop Hazard Struck by tools, trip and fall, flying objects Struck by hydraulic oil pressure, slip / fall Crush by heavy object Struck in between objects Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Eye injuries, hand injuries, leg injuries Eye injuries, hand injuries, leg injuries Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Use proper PPE Lockout/tagout procedures, drain the oil properly PTW system, proper PPE Certified lifting gears, tag lines and good communication
2 3
Toolbox briefing, check hose Barricade the lifting area, qualified signalman
Body injuries
180
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Isolate the L.O system Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Body injuries Body injuries Burn on body Fatality
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Confirm C/E to L.O. Pump shut position (lockout / tagout) Secure the door Make sure engine is cooled sufficiently Trained person to operate Make sure nobody works near propeller 5 2 1 5 1 L M M Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Supervisor to confirm. C/E highlight in VSCC Action Officer (Follow-up date) Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Oil spill Hit by heavy object Explosion Electric shock Hit by rotating propeller
Supervisor to confirm with C/E before opening In the VSCC meeting ensure the condition of electric motor connections and use proper PPE
Supervisor Supervisor
Check the turning gear engage condition to fly wheel. Switch On / Off turning motor Set the deflection gauge on web. Turn crank engine to record reading Reinstall crank case door
Fatality
Supervisor
Body injuries
Make sure work place must be clean and free from oil Make sure no person inside crank case
Body injuries
Supervisor
181
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Dismantle cylinder head and lift out using special tools Dismantle piston rod and stuffing box De-carbon combustion area of liner by grinding Tighten lifting tools on piston crown Lift up piston using shore crane for vessel to shore Hazard Struck and cut fingers Falling Slips and fall Cut finger Fire and explosion Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Hand / finger injuries Major injuries Body injuries Finger injuries Fatality
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Use proper tools, certified lifting equipment Barricade the area Use proper platform and tools Use proper PPE PTW system Severity Likelihood Risk Level M M L M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Use proper PPE Tool box briefing Action Officer (Follow-up date) Supervisor Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
2 4 2 2 5
3 2 2 3 1
Supervisor Supervisor
Cut finger
Finger injuries
Falling
Major injuries
Safety briefing
Foreman
182
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Proper lashing of piston to lorry Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling
Use proper tools Use proper tools Use certified lifting equipments Proper PPE and safety briefing Proper PPE Proper PPE
2 2 4
2 2 2
9 10 11
2 1 1
2 1 2
L L L
183
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Oil spill 1 Open up the oil lines Hand / finger injuries Hand / finger injuries Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Pollution, slipping hazard Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) PTW systems Proper house keeping, Proper tools Severity Likelihood 3 3 2 2 Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Proper co-ordination, immediate supervision, toolbox briefing Proper safety briefings, follow SWP Visual inspection before lifting Proper safety briefings, follow SWP Double check and barricade the area Action Officer (Follow-up date) Foreman Foreman
Reference
Document for Reference
Remove the mounting bolts Shifting by chain blocks Fit back and connect back oil lines Testing
Proper tools and PPE Tested lifting gear, proper co-ordination and communication. Trained riggers Proper tools and PPE Use proper PPE and proper co-ordination among ship crew
Supervisor
Falling hazard
Serious injuries
Supervisor
Foreman
Bursting
Supervisor
184
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Lock up the system and remove the power supply Isolate the hydraulic system valves and drain oil Preparation of lifting equipment and access removal Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fatality
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Barricade the surrounding area Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Electrocution
Tagout system
Trade Leader
Oil spillages
Open flanges to be blanked off and no hot work Lifting supervisors on site, certified lifting gears
Trade Leader
Trade Leader
Removal of pump, overhauling Crushed by and testing after heavy objects completion Reinstall after overhauling and system testing Housekeeping Oil leakages Crushed by objects Trip and fall
Finger injuries
Proper tools
Safety briefings Certified mechanical fitters, saw dust and plastic bags
Trade Leader
2 2 1
4 4 3
M M L
Trade Leader
Trade Leader
185
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Dismantling of pipe and valves Dismantling of compressor casing and motor Removal of cylinder head cover , connecting rod, bearings, and pistons springs and valve plates Calibrate and replace with new parts Re-assemble all dismantle parts Testing and running of compressors Hazard Struck by ejected materials Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Hand / finger injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Use of proper hand tools, proper housekeeping, wear PPE Isolation of the system Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Proper supervision Using lockout / tagout system and highlight in VSCC meeting Action Officer (Follow-up date) Supervisors
Reference
Document for Reference
Electrocution
Fatality
Supervisors
Falling of materials
Supervisors
4 5 6
4 5 5
1 1 1
M M M
Wear face shield and highlight in safety briefing Safety briefing Highlight in VSCC and conduct safety briefing
186
31/10/06
30/10/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Highlight in VSCC meeting. Tool box briefing Disconnect the power supply Highlight in VSCC meeting Barricade the work place Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Electrocution
Fatality
Follow lockout / tagout procedures Qualified stagger, approved staging with OK tag. Display and use body hardness Use proper tools and wear hand gloves Hook up safety harness at anchoring point Qualified rigger / signalman, certified lifting gears, use guide rope and qualified crane operator
Electrical Supervisor
Falling
L Tool box meeting highlight in VSCC Immediate supervision Tool box meeting highlight in VSCC and no standing under suspended load
Falling
Fatality
Mechanical Supervisor
Lifting Supervisor
187
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Follow yards speed limit. Do not overload and bloc the drivers view. Use beacon lights Tool box meeting highlight in VSCC and no standing under suspended load Action Officer (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Struck by forklift
Forklift Driver
Qualified rigger / signalman, certified lifting gears, use guide rope and qualified crane operator Use proper tools and wear hand gloves
Lifting Supervisor
Minor injury
Mechanical Supervisor
188
12/07/2006
11/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Oxygen deficiency Oxygen enrichment Fatality Overcome by toxic gas Asphyxiation Corrosive substance Body injuries Trip and slip
Mobilisation of equipment
Trained vehicle /
forklift operator
Qualified signalman /
rigger Provide appropriate PPE
2 5
2 1
L Supervisor M
Supervisor
189
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
4 5
4 5
2 1
Scaffold certificate
validity
Strike by compressed
air / grit / hose Trip and fall Dust inhalation Overcome by CO when using diesel operated air compressor for breathing air supply
Maintenance
required to verify equipment Safety after job completion Supervisor
7 Grit removal and Ergonomic emptying the grit Dust inhalation
Supervisor
190
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
1 Transporting of blasting equipment and material by forklift / lorry truck from store to worksite
Moving vehicle
Immediate Supervisor
Immediate Supervisor
191
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Using trained
personnel Safe manual handling practice Maintain clean and dry work place at all times Do not place blasting hoses at passageway Hang up of blasting hoses using cable hanger
Physical check on hose Body injuries Trained personnel Noise-induced deafness Functional test High pressure Noise
3 Blasting operation (NID) (gradually turn on) condition
Inhalation (respiratory
problems) Overcome by CO
Exposure to
dust
Electrical
generated compressed air
Body injuries
(during blasting)
Poor communication
between pot man and blaster result in wrong pressurised hose
Proper marking of
2 2 L
Dead Man
Switch recommended
hoses and valves Railings covered with canvas Highlight in VSCC Surrounding people hit meeting by spent grit Display warning signboard
Blaster to look
out prior to blasting
192
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling of
person
Electrocution
Certification of Cherry Picker to be valid Travelling path to be cleaned of obstruction and on even ground Anchor of safety belt Max. 2 persons operating Ensure no contact between cherry picker and electrical cable.
Demob
High pressure
Residual pressure in hoses result in body injuries (Strike by) Refer to No.2
Immediate Supervisor
193
12/07/2006 Samsudin
11/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Immediate Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Slips due to oily surface Keep surface clear Minor injuries Trained forklift
operator assign
Check condition /
capacity Keep persons clear from operation
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
194
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Grit blasting
Hit by flying grits Hose burst Slips / trips and falls Blasting pot burst
3 3 5
3 3 1
Nil
Nil
195
12/07/2006
12/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Assigned appointed
Transporting of hydro-jetting equipment by forklift from store to worksite
Moving vehicle /
crane Falling object
and trained forklift operator Check forklift condition before operating it Ensure that load is within and e.g. load Keep the people clear from forklift Wear safety gloves
5 2
1 1
M Nil L
Immediate Supervisor
Setting up of hydro-jetting equipment at worksite and checklist for all the equipment
Finger injuries
1 3 2
2 2 1
Supervisor authorised
the test of hydro-jetting equipment Housekeeping
5 2 5
1 1 1
196
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood 3 5 1 3 2 3 1 2 2 1 Risk Level M Nil M L M L Nil
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Immediate Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
before disconnect / make sure Supervisor is authorised the demobilised the settons Housekeeping
Immediate Supervisor
Trained forklift
6 Transporting of hydro-jetting equipment by forklift back to the store
Moving vehicle
crane Falling objects
operator
5 2
1 1
M Nil L
Immediate Supervisor
197
12/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Preparation on mobilisation of equipment Hazard Moving of vehicle and shifting and lifting Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Premark location and check list Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor and Foreman
Reference
Document for Reference Safe Work Procedure Equipment Catalog
Collision Damage equipment Hand injuries: fatality Leg and hand injuries Body injuries Deafness
Barricade in this
area and signboard highlighted VSCC Release pressure and PPE
Built in interlock
Pressure
Premark location
Supervisor
198
12/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Assigned trained
forklift operator
Ensure clear
location
Ensure audio
visual alarms operative during forklift operation Ensure clear passageway Immediate Supervisor
Ensure audio
1 1 M visual alarms operative during forklift operation
Falling objects
Immediate Supervisor
Assigned trained
1A Transportation of cherry picker Moving vehicle
Ensure audio
5 1 M visual alarms operative during operation Maintenance and inspection checks as need Immediate Supervisor
cherry picker operator Check cherry picker before operating it Ensure rest position of boom Clear passageway
199
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
correct capacity
Assigned trained
operator
Nil
Assigned trained
operator / blaster
Use of hose / parts / High pressure water High pressure Injection Injury
injected on fingers / parts of body due to improper handing of hydro-jetting gun/ hoses Use of substandard hose, fittings, parts fittings of correct rating (SWP) without damage kinks Release trigger of the gun, release pressure in M/C and stop the M/C before adjusting nozzle Keep hands away from nozzle during operation Secure all hoses, fittings adequately
Ensure proper
trained / authorised person at worksite Checklist for maintenance inspections of equipments / accessories
3 5
1 1
L M
200
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
passageway, roll them properly and pack Disconnect fittings carefully and store in M/Cs Disconnect guns and store properly Finally pack all accessories / secure it / lock the M/C Clear passageway operator
Nil
Moving vehicle
Immediate Foreman
Falling objects
Strike by a falling
hydro-jetting pump / gun hose forklift
Immediate Foreman
201
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
should be in rest position Ensure audio visual alarms operative during operation Maintenance and inspection checks as needed
Immediate Foreman
202
12/07/2006
11/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Moving vehicle
Falling object
Immediate Supervisor
Assign trained
signaler and rigger
Strike by falling object Check and inspect all Struck by moving object lifting devices before
use
Immediate Supervisor
Materials secured
properly
No obstruction
203
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Oily surface Poor housekeeping Obstruction on passageway Contact with sharp edges
Nil
Mixing paints
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
Coordinate painting
work in VSCC meeting
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
204
11/07/2006
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Supervisor
Nil
Moving vehicle
Nil
Foreman
Nil
Nil
Supervisor
Nil
Nil
Supervisor
Nil
Struck by falling
Falling objects painting equipment and paint drums Minor injuries
Nil
Supervisor
Nil
205
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Ensure that manual lifting within the capability (not more than 25 kg per person) Ensure good housekeeping at all times Ensure no hot work and / or other heat sources within the vicinity Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling objects 3 Setting up of spray painting equipments Slips, trips and falls
Nil
Supervisor
Nil
Nil
Foreman/ Supervisor
Nil
Nil
Foreman/ Supervisor
Nil
Mixing of paint
206
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Pressurised paint
injected due to High pressure improper handling injection injuries Equipment failure Major injuries Expose to toxic vapour Chronic illnesses due to inhalation Hit / struck by falling object due to improper handling Slip and trip, fall due to bad housekeeping
Nil
Foreman / Supervisor
Nil
Nil
Nil
Falling objects
Nil
Nil
Nil
Foreman / Supervisor
Nil
207
12/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Immediate Supervisor or Foreman
Reference
Document for Reference
Pinch point Preparation of equipment such as spray pump, spray gun, paints compressor, canvas, gaskets, and transport it using forklift to Wharf side
Keep hand away from Hand caught in between pinch point during equipment preparation
Moving vehicle
Blanking-up all pipelines by rubber gaskets, wooden plugs, covering protection on electrical equipment and etc. Barricade the site that are under operation
Hand injury
Due to improper
Slip, trips and falls housekeeping Slippery surface
Maintain good
housekeeping and keep tidy at all times Hang up all cables 2 3 M Immediate Supervisor
3 208
As above
As above
Immediate Supervisor
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Keep others clear away from the operation area Severity Likelihood Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Immediate Supervisor Immediate Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling objects
Maintain good
housekeeping Maintain at all times 2 3 M
Paint mixing
Major injuries
Eye injuries
Wear eye protector Apply permit Blank off all openings No hot works within
the area
Co-ordinate at VSCC
meeting
Display signboard
Painting in Progress
High pressure
injection injuries
As above
209
12/07/2005
11/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Moving vehicle
(forklift) Falling hazards (equipment)
Collision / Forklift
topple Fatality
Nil
use proper lifting equipment like skip Keep persons clear from operating area Make sure the hose is shut before connecting
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
210
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
Assign appointed
Demobilise power tooling equipments after power tooling
rigger
before operating it
Nil
Immediate Supervisor
211
12/07/2006
12/07/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. 1 Task Step Apply entry permit Nil Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Nil
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Highlight in the VSCC meeting Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Yard Foreman
Reference
Document for Reference
Clear and dry all times Arrange more lights More ventilation Gas meter Proper tool handling Buddy system Proper PPE issue, inspect Use proper PPE Proper rigging Secure loose item Keep clear lifting area Check before issue Keep clear and clean Use proper respirator, proper PPE Use proper respirator
Supervisor
Unskilled worker Prone to injuries Language barrier Miscommunication Pinch point Falling objects Faulty
equipment Poor housekeeping
Supervisor
Equipment distribution
Hand / finger injuries Strike by falling objects Body injuiries Slips, tips and falls
Supervisor
5 6
4 1
2 1
M L
Supervisor Supervisor
Demobilising
Hand / finger injuries Strike by falling objects Body injuries Slips, trips and falls
Supervisor
212
5. RA Templates: Piping
Risk Assessment Form
Company: Task: Approved by: (Date) Group 1 Fabrication of Pipes in a Workshop Conducted by: (Date) 31/08/06
31/08/06
30/08/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fatal
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Wedges and side stopper PPE Severity Likelihood Risk Level H
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Extra chain/ belt to secure Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Lifting Supervisor Lifting Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Pipe falling
Crowbar to
3 3 M be used Tag line
Fire hazards
Deny entry to
2 Cutting of pipe Falling objects Fracture / crush Tool box meeting 3 2 M unauthorised person Using of LIG Education / enforcement Workshop Engineer
Physical injuries
PPE
213
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) PPE; ear and eye protection Severity Likelihood 2 2 Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Accidental cut
Using of both
3 2 M
Rolling down of
sleeves
hands to grind
Workshop Engineer
Physical check of
5 2 H
Electrocution
Change to
pneumatic tools
tools daily
Workshop Engineer
Workshop Engineer
Defective cable
Workshop Engineer
214
31/08/06
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Pre-inspection
before entry by supervisor Ensure badges displayed peoperly at entrance Supervisor
Ony explosion proof lighting can be used Proper PPE (safety helmet)
5 3
1 1
M L
Supervisor Supervisor
215
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Fire explosion
Fatal accident
Pre-check by supervisor
Supervisor
Pinch points
2 Fabrication of pipe spool on deck
Maintain
communication among co-workers 3 3 4 3 1 1 1 1 L L L L Pre-check Supervisor
Sharp edge
Flying objects Burns
Leather gloves
Eye protection (safety Long sleeve with leather glove/ foot protection Housekeeping, clear passageway
Tripping hazards
Spraine or bruises
Pre-check by supervisor
Supervisor
2 3
2 1
L L
Supervisor Supervisor
216
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Pre-check by supervisor
Supervisor
Pre-inspection
before entry by supervisor Ensure badges displayed properly at entrance Supervisor
Electrical
Pre-check by
holder 5 1 M
Supervisor
conduct tool box meeting
Holder Supervisor
Briefing to
Struck by falling objects Fatal injuries from falling objects Maintain communication 5 1 1 2 M L workers
Ensure
co-workers can talk common language
Supervisor
Leather gloves Remove sharp edge Valid OK Tag No modification to scaffold rubbish bag
2 5
2 1
Contain rubbish in
3 1 L
Falling
217
31/08/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fatal injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Check thoroughly the scaffolding before assigning to workers Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor of piping and Scaffolding Supervisor Piping Supervisor and Lifting Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference Companys SMS and work procedures
Competent and
Lifting of spools using yard cranes Caught in between
trained person to do rigging Check and inspect belt condition (keep clear of lifting area)
Lifting Supervisor
218
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Selection of appropriate
4 Transfer the tools and spool to install. Location by chain blocks Installation of pipe and pipes supports followed by welding Removal of tools and left over materials and housekeeping
belts and chain blocks 4 3 H Barricade the area and display no entry sign Piping Supervisor Companys SMS and work procedures
Caught in between
Finger injuries
Piping Supervisor
Piping Supervisor
219
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Identify the PVC pipe spool to be installed at the location Selection of proper tools and equipment Installation of pipe support Laying of pipe Bonding of pipe Clamping of PVC pipe Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Nil
Nil
Flying objects
Nil
Nil
Fire
Burn injuries
Supervisor Safety
4 5 6
2 2 2
2 2 1
L L L
220
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Falling objects 1 Remove ceiling panel for access Working at height Contact with insulation Falling objects 2 Remove pipe insulation Working at height Contact with insulation Contact with hot water 3 Dismantle bolt nut and clamp Strike by hammer Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Hit by objects Body injuries Skin irritation Hit by object Body injury Skin irritation Burns
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Cordon off Proper platform Protective clothing Cordon off Proper platform Protective clothing Severity Likelihood 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 Risk Level L L L L L L L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Finger injuries
Caught in between
Finger injuries
Shut off system Drain the system Use proper tools Use chisel with cap Hand gloves Adequate lighting Use hand gloves Use mechanical handling of pipe
Close supervision
Immediate Supervisor
221
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Periodic safety induction by forklift supervisor Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Transport to workshop
Forklift operation
Safety Section
2 3
2 1
L L
Burns
Proper tools Hand gloves Qualified operator Forklift checklist Observe speed limit
Secure object by web sling
Forklift operation
Loose material
222
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
System test
Body injuries
2 2 2
2 2 2
L L L
10
Box up insulation
223
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Proper supervision and monitoring of workers throughout Proper supervision and monitoring of workers throughout Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Highlighted in VSCC
Falling Removal of insulation from existing pipes Health Inhalation of fibre particles
meeting Certified working platform (OK tag) Do no keep any loose materials on scaffolds
Proper briefing to
employees on the activity Provision of PPE 4 1 M
PPE
224
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Close monitoring and supervision of workforce Close monitoring and supervision of workforce Close monitoring and supervision of workforce Close monitoring and supervision of workforce Piping Supervisor, Contracts Supervisor Piping Supervisor, Contracts Supervisor Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling 3 Removal of bolt and nuts (cold works) Struck against objects
Using proper tools and equipments Safe work platform Highlighted in VSCC
Falling Injuries
Caught in between
Proper briefing to
Hand / finger injuries workers on the activity Provision of PPE 4 1 M
225
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fire
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Clear work area of combustible material Daily preuse checks Morning pre-job briefing Constant reminder and enforcement of safety Constant reminder and enforcement of safety Morning pre-job briefing Clear work area of combustible material Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Electrical Radiation
5 2
1 3
M M
Supervisor Supervisor
Fire
Permit-to-work system
Supervisor
Supervisor
Finger injuries
Supervisor
Supervisor
226
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Fire
3 3 5 2 3 5 2 3
3 3 1 3 2 1 3 2
M M M M M M M M
Barricade Signboard
informing passers-by
Signboard
informing passers-by Barricade covered with firecloth Supervisor
Welding
Supervisor Remind in the morning pre-job briefing Use forced ventilation Supervisor Supervisor
Signboard
Struck by flying particles Fire (worker) 3 3 M informing passers-by Barricade covered with firecloth Remind in the morning pre-job briefing Supervisor
Dust
Dust inhalation
Supervisor
227
30/08/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Struck by objects Falling hazards Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Finger injuries Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Correct tools and work procedure Proper work platform Severity Likelihood 2 2 3 3 Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Morning pre-job briefing Morning pre-job briefing Inform worker to clear off from the suspended load Pre-check by supervisor Inform worker to clear off from the suspended load Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor / Foreman Supervisor / Foreman Lifting Supervisor / Foreman Forklift Driver / Supervisor / Foreman Lifting Supervisor / Foreman
Reference
Document for Reference Nil
Dismantling of pipes in sequence Transportation of pipes from main deck to the quay side by the shore crane Transport pipes from quay side to workshop Collect back the newly fabricated pipe from workshop
Use tag line Qualified signalmen Proper lashing / rigging Validity of lifting belts, SWL
Nil
Use tag line Qualified signalmen Proper lashing Validity of lifting belts, SWL
Nil
228
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Inform worker to clear off from the suspended load Morning briefing Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Lifting Supervisor / Foreman Supervisor / Foreman
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling objects
Use tag line Qualified signalmen Proper lashing Validity of lifting belts, SWL Use correct tools
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
229
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Equipment preparation
Caught between
Finger injuries
Supervisor
Falling objects
Store the equipment near the work site Designate walkways in the yard Pre-lifting briefing and checks Pre-lifting briefing and checks
Supervisor
Yard Manager
Follow lifting
Hand / finger injuries procedure Use proper tools 5 1 M
Lifting Supervisor
Qualified crane
Injuries caused by falling objects operator/ lifters
Lifting Supervisor
230
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Proper tools and PPE Severity Likelihood 2 1 Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Pre-lifting briefing and checks Pre-job briefing and checks Supervisor Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Electrocution
3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1
L L L L
231
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Check pressure in the pipe Check joints for leakage Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Overfill
Signboard Barricade testing area PPE Signboard Barricade testing area PPE
Check pressure
Body injuries Checking on 2500psi Follow safe working procedure 3 3 M in the pipe
Check joints
Body injuries Hand / finger injuries Finger injuries 2 2 2 2 2 2 L L L
10 11 12
PPE
PPE
232
6. RA Templates: Steelwork
Risk Assessment Form
Company: Task: Approved by: (Date) Group 1 Renewal of Pump Room Bulkhead Conducted by: (Date) Group 1
21/06/2006
21/06/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Asphyxiation
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Lack of oxygen Entry into confined space (pump room and cargo tank)
Entry permit approval Gas check Portable gas detector Provide lighting at
tank entry and along passageway Portable gas detector
3 5 3
1 1 1
L M L Double check hot work area before start work Supervisor in-charge / Safety Officer
Body injuries
Falling
Body injuries
Barricade in cargo tank Weld support on 4 side Qualify rigger Inspection of valid and
good condition of lifting gear
Body injuries
Supervisor in-charge
Body injuries
233
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control To check combustible matter around hot work area Dye check on dye tag before lifting operation Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor in-charge
Reference
Document for Reference
Body injuries
Valid hot work permit Barricade of hot work area OK tag for staging Weld eye piece to bulkhead Lifting gear to be tested
and in working condition
Body injuries
Supervisor in-charge
Body injuries
Supervisor in-charge
Body injuries
Falling 6 Lifting of new plate from shore to cargo hold Caught in between
Body injuries
Supervisor in-charge
Body injuries
Body injuries
Falling
Body injuries
234
20/06/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Steelwork Marking Cutting Fitting Welding Grinding Lifting Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Qualified personnel to
Fire explosion do work
5 4 4
1 2 2
M M M
Hose burst
Barricade affected
Radiation Body injuries areas
235
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Asphyxiation
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Production Supervisor / Hull Supervisor / Contractor Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Fire / explosion
Fire watch Valid hot work tools Good ventilation General lighting Remove combustible materials
Burns (sparks)
Presence of lifting
Falling object Body injuries supervisor Cordon off affected area Tag line 5 1 M
Presence of lifting
supervisor
236
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Visual checks
Strong ventilation Good condition of tool Fire watch Eyes protection on welding tools before commencement Good ventilation Site Supervisor in tank Ensure good housekeeping / cleaning Visual checks on welding tools before commencement
Asphyxiation Burns
Electrocution
Electric shock
Site Supervisor
Asphyxiation Burns
Good ventilation
in tank 5 1 M
Ensure good
housekeeping / cleaning
Site Supervisor
Check on
Excessive noise Noise induced deafness Ear plugs 4 2 M workers Site Supervisor
Good ventilation
in tank 4 2 M
Ensure good
housekeeping / cleaning
Site Supervisor
237
XYZ
21/06/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Material handling Tripping Fire and explosion Falling / tripping Fire and explosion / fumes Material handling Falling / tripping Lifting and cut off support and platform and lifting new platform Install new platform (change plate) Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Body injuries Body injuries Body injuries Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Barricade Barricade Severity Likelihood 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 Risk Level M M L L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Install signboard Friction floor mat Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Hull Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Body injuries
Barricade Good safety shoe (sole) Valid hot work permit Firewatch Fire clothes/ lines Ventilation / lighting Tag lines Hand gloves Barricade Signboard Qualified signalman Lifting gears checked Use guide ropes Keep clear from path
4 4
2 2
M M
Falling object
Body injuries
Supervisor
2 4
3 2
M M
238
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Pre-job inspection and marking Hazard Lack of oxygen Toxic gas Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Asphyxiation Overcome by gas Fire exposure by gas leak and oxygen enrichment explosion Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood 5 5 1 1 Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Defective tools
Trade Supervisor
Lifting tools
Burn to person
PTW system
Trade Supervisor
Hand glove
Proper accessing to
location
4 239
Vacuum test
Nil
21/6/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
asbestos
If asbestos, engage
approved contractors Respiratory protection
Hull supervisor
Cutting of existing BHD Removal of scraps Transportation of new BHD to site Installation
Damaging of
Fire equipments Injury caused by fire Body injuries
Hull Supervisor
Falling materials
Hull Supervisor
Certified lifting
4 Falling materials
equipment (color coded) Trained lifting supervisor / signalmen Certified lifting equipment
Falling materials
Body injuries
Hull Supervisor
Welding / grinding
Fire
Housekeeping
Hull Supervisor
Electrocution
240
21/06/2006
20/06/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
3 2 2
1 1 1
L L L M
Trip or fall
2 5 2 2
3 1 1 2
Supervisor Supervisor
M L L
241
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M L L L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Cordon off area Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
3 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
Supervisor
242
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Falling from height Falling objects Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Body injuries Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Body harness Tool container Severity Likelihood Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Strong and proper anchoring points Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Steelwork Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
5 5
1 1
Gas cutting
Permit-to-work system Check tools required Tool container Firewatchman Anchor to a secure point
Fibre-cloth to
5 1 M contain straying sparks Fire extinguisher Steelwork Supervisor
5 5 5 5
1 1 1 1
Steelwork Supervisor
243
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Good ventlation Use of ear plugs / muffs Use of eye protection (goggles) Severity Likelihood 3 3 3 4 4 4 Risk Level M M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Proper insulation of
welding, gouging, grinding tools Use 110V of electrical tools Check on ELCB and LVSP for electrical box and welding set (AC)
5 3
2 1
H L
Supervisor in-charge
244
21/06/2006
20/06/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Lack of oxygen
Suffocation
Permit-to-work system Entry permit Gas check Ventilation Lighting Personal gas meter Good lighting Good housekeeping Valid hot work permit Fire watch
Buddy system
Supervisor
4 5
2 1
M M
Supervisor Supervisor
Body injuries
Only trained signalman / rigger are allowed to do lifting No one should be under the load Check lifting equipment (expiry)
Lifting Supervisor
245
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood 3 2 Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Good lighting Place of work free from combustible materials Place of work is dry Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Body injuries
Wear shield Grinder disc guard Valid hot work permit Good and valid welding equipment (cables, holder) Good and valid welding equipment (cables, holder) Use proper equipment
Supervisor
3 3
2 2
M M
Supervisor Supervisor
246
ASMI
21/06/2009
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling objects
Body injuries
Provide barricade
(scaffold)
Hull Supervisor
247
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Invalid permit application
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Miscommunication
Highlight in VSCC meeting Ensure valid PTW tank entry Sufficient ventilation Equip with portable gas
detector (working condition)
Asphyxiation
Sufficient lighting Ensure carrying torchlight Barricading PPE (safety boot) and hand glove
3 3 1
2 2 1
M M L
Immediate Supervisor
Qualified rigger and signaler Barricade falling zone Ensure electrical equipment
in good condition Adequate people for jobs
Nil
Nil
5 3
1 2
M M
Nil Supervisor
Body injuries
Nil
248
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Sufficient ventilation Barricade all opening Severity Likelihood 5 4 1 2 Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Nil Fall arrestor must be anchored to a rigid point MSDS from ship All connection to be secured with safety tag Correct lifting technique Nil Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Nil Nil
Reference
Document for Reference
Commence cleaning
Body injuries
Supervisor
Skin allergy
Skin dermatitis
Supervisor
Oil leak
Pollution
Supervisor
4 3 3
2 2 2
M M M
Oil spill
Environmental pollution
Nil
Nil
Completion of work
Poor co-ordination
Nil
Nil
249
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Lack of oxygen 1.1 Inspection by supervisor Falling from height Fatality Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Asphyxiation
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood 5 1 Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference SMS PTW
Secure the
ladder 5 2 H
Ladder must
be provided by scaffolder
Project Manager
Maintain good
1.2 Slip, trip and fall Body injuries housekeeping
Provide adequate
lighting Only trained forklift operator to operate the forklift
Nil Only appointed forklift operator to operate forklift Lifting supervisor must be present on site Nil
Supervisor
2.1
2.2
Transport equipment to on board vessel Falling object during lifting Set up equipment
Fatality
Supervisor
Lifting Supervisor
250
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Work Commencement
4.2
2 3
3 3
M M
Nil Nil
Nil Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
251
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Asphyxiation
Fatality
Nil
Nil
SMS PTW
Secure the
ladder 5 2 H
Fatality
Ladder must
be provided by scaffolder
Project Manager
Maintain good
Slip, trip and fall Body injuries housekeeping
Provide adequate
lighting
Nil
Supervisor
Follow lifting
procedure
Nil
252
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Highlight during VSCC and raise PTW Arrange ventilation and lighting Hazard Apply for wrong location or permit Lack of oxygen Fire and explosion Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Nil Suffocation or asphyxiation Fatality Suffocation or asphyxiation Disorientation and unconscious Unconscious
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Daily work plan checklist Severity Likelihood Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Minimum one gas meter carrier per work group Nil Minimum one gas meter carrier per work group Use water based chemical Extractor fan and gas meter Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Conduct gas check Explosion proof lighting Conduct gas check Use supplied airline mask and refer to MSDS Use supplied airline mask
5 5 5 3 3
1 1 1 1 3
M M M L M
3 4 5
Check location to Lack of oxygen be cleaned Disinfect the tank Overcome by with chemical chemical fumes Demuck and dispose Overcome by toxic gas build up
253
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Before highlight in VSCC Meeting Gas free certificate to be obtained Permit-to-work for tank entry Hazard Communication breakdown date / time Fire and explosion Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk May carry out incompatible work Fatality
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) All trade supervisor to attend meeting Gas monitoring Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Make sure all trade supervisors SRM attend meeting Conduct regular gas monitoring Safety Personnel
Work group
3 Lack of oxygen Asphyxiation
bring along portable gas detector / torchlight Conduct toolbox briefing Buddy system for new workers Regular gas monitoring Carry portable gas detector Nil
Supervisor
Struck by object Rash act Fumes and gas Lack of oxygen Slip and fall
3 3 3 5 3
3 3 3 1 3
M M M M M
254
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Provide adequate lighting Provide adequate forced ventilation PPE Provide adequate lighting Provide adequate forced ventilation Wear rubber gloves and barrier cream Provide adequate lighting Provide adequate forced ventilation Wear rubber gloves and barrier cream Provide adequate forced ventilation Provide adequate lighting Severity Likelihood 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 Risk Level M M H M M L M M L M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Regular gas monitoring Conduct noise monitoring Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Regular gas monitoring Nil Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Regular gas monitoring Nil Regular gas monitoring Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Safety Personnel Supervisor Supervisor Safety Personnel Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor Safety Personnel Safety Officer Supervisor Safety Personnel
Reference
Document for Reference
255
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Provide adequate lighting Proper material handling to be adopted Proper material handling to be adopted Using of tag line to control the swinging load Provide adequate forced ventilation Severity Likelihood 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 Risk Level M M M L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Conduct toolbox briefing Conduct toolbox briefing Nil Monitor gas from bell mouth drop line (change of condition) Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor Nil
Reference
Document for Reference
10
11
12
Dizziness
256
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Struck by object 1 Mobilisation of ventilation and lighting Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Trained rigger and signalman Qualified electrician Severity Likelihood 1 1 Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Inspected electrical equipment to be tagged Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Electrocution
Fatality
Maintenance
Regular check on
gas every 4 hours
Every group
should have a portable gas meter
Supervisor
Sufficient forced ventilation Hooked on secured structure Ensure that safety shoe is oil resistance
Supervisor
Fatality
Supervisor
Ensure sufficient
Slip and fall Body injuries 3 2 M lighting inside
Supervisor
257
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Explosion proof light is a must when cleaning fuel oil tank Educate the workforce on personal hygiene Conduct toolbox briefing Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Skin irritation Remove sludge bags from the tank Inspection Struck by falling objects Slip and fall
Hand protection is required Proper manual handling of material Arrange more lighting and ventilation
Supervisor
3 4
3 3
3 3
M M
Supervisor Nil
258
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Gas free certificate to be obtained Permit-to-work for tank entry Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fatality
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Gas monitoring Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Conduct regular gas monitoring Work group should bring along portable gas detector Conduct toolbox briefing Buddy system for new workers Regular gas monitoring Carry portable gas detector Nil Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Regular gas monitoring Conduct noise monitoring Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Safety Personnel
Reference
Document for Reference
Lack of oxygen
Asphyxiation
Supervisor
Body injuries Body injuries Dizziness Asphyxiation Body injuries Body injuries Dizziness Noise-induced deafness
3 3 3 5 3 3 3 4
3 3 3 1 3 2 3 3
M M M M M M M H
Supervisor Supervisor Safety Personnel Supervisor Nil Supervisor Safety Personnel Safety Officer
259
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Provide adequate lighting Provide adequate forced ventilation Wear rubber gloves and barrier cream Provide adequate lighting Provide adequate forced ventilation Wear rubber gloves and barrier cream Provide adequate forced ventilation Provide adequate lighting Provide adequate lighting Proper material handling to be adopted Severity Likelihood 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 Risk Level M M L M M L M M M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Regular gas monitoring Nil Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Regular gas monitoring Nil Regular gas monitoring Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Standby sawdust, oil dispenser Conduct toolbox briefing Safety Personnel Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor Safety Personnel Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor Safety Personnel
Reference
Document for Reference
260
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Highlight VSCC meeting Hazard Language barrier competency problem Lack of oxygen 2 Provide ventilation and lighting Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Minimum supervisory level must attend VSCC Provide portable gas detector Use butterworth opening to lay out lighting instead of manhole Chargehand and supervisor level to display permit Severity Likelihood Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Supervisor trained in SSSC should attend Regular gas monitoring Designate safe access Must hang at strategic location near work site Closely monitor compliance Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) PJM Safety Personnel
Reference
Document for Reference
Miscommunication
leading to incompatible works Asphyxiation
3 5
2 1
Body injuries
Supervisor
Display at wrong
location No display Incompatible work
Supervisor
Supervisor
Provide alternative
access if found unsafe
Nil
Nil
Do not know
6 Carry gas meter how to use Defective gas meter Group leader to ensure gas meter is working
2 2
2 2
L Supervisor L
261
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Provide portable gas detector Use butterworth opening to lay out lighting instead of manhole Severity Likelihood 2 2 Risk Level L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Nil
Reference
Document for Reference
Body injuries
Nil Provided gas meter training Maintain proper housekeeping Nil Nil
Nil
Lack of oxygen 8 Cleaning operation Tripping hazard Falling from height 9 Inspection Slip and fall
5 3 5 2
1 3 1 2
M M M L
262
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Fatality Asphyxiation Body injuries
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Barricade the opening - U stand - Erect barricade staging Follow the safe work procedure Trained rigger and signaler Severity Likelihood Risk Level M M L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Nil Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Nil Nil Nil
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling from height Open manhole in the way of fuel oil bunker tank Fumes and gases Arrange ventilation Highlight in the VSCC meeting and apply entry permit Struck by falling objects Permit application not correct (Location / date) Falling from height
5 5 2
1 1 2
NA
Nil
Nil
Body injuries
Supervisor
Asphyxiation
Supervisor
263
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood 4 5 3 1 Risk Level H M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Closer supervision Conduct regular gas monitoring Conduct toolbox briefing Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor Safety Personnel
Reference
Document for Reference
Adequate lighting Barricade the opening Continuous ventilation Portable gas detector
Proper manual of handling of material Arrange more lighting and ventilation
Fumes and
gases Lack of oxygen Struck by falling objects Slip and fall
6 7
3 3
3 3
M M
Supervisor Nil
264
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Check proper ventilations, lighting and required gas check in tanks Permit-to-work application of tank entry (only documentation) Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Barricades around
Falling, tripping hazard from main deck to tank bottom manhole Body injuries
Nil
NIl
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Body injuries
Maintain steady descend of ladder Maintain adequate ventilation and provide portable gas detector Avoid standing directly below loose scales
Proper supervision of work and movement Prolong ventilation in tank Toolbox briefing for workers
Fatality
Body injuries
265
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 Risk Level L M L M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Toolbox briefing for workers Nil Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Nil Supervisor and Group Leader Nil Nil
Reference
Document for Reference
Commencement of cleaning Dropping of rusty scales Tripping hazard Dropping of rusty scales
QC and owner representatives inspection Return of entry and cleaning permit (only documentation)
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
266
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Preparation of equipment Winch Pumps Chemicals Rags Bum bags Scrapper Scoop Hazard Pinch point Chemical splash into eye Handling of chemicals Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Hand, leg injuries (caught in between) Eye irritation
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Keep hands away form pinch points Safety goggles (PPE) must be worn while handling Rubber glove to be used only Driver must be trained and observe speed limit in the yard All equipment are secure in a metal cage Using of tag line to control the swinging load Severity Likelihood 2 2 2 2 Risk Level L L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Nil Nil Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Nil Nil
Reference
Document for Reference
Skin dermatitis
Nil
Nil
Head of Dept
Damage of equipment
Nil
Nil
Body injuries
Nil
267
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Tag electrical equipment after inspection Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Maintenance Personnel
Reference
Document for Reference
Inspection of electrical
equipment at store 110V supply to be used 3 2 M
Electric shock
Struck by compressed air hoses when connecting Trip and fall due to slippery floor Lack of oxygen Fire hazard due to substandard lighting Slip and fall
Body injuries
Nil
Provide adequate
Asphyxiation ventilation Provide portable gas detector Use of only explosion proof lightings Provide adequate lighting and barricade openings Provide adequate ventilation Proper manual handling of material Provide sufficient lighting and ventilation 5 1 M
Safety Personnel
Fatal
Nil
Body injuries
Nil Conduct regular gas monitoring of confined space Conduct toolbox briefing Nil
Nil
Asphyxiation
Safety Personnel
6 7
3 3
3 3
M M
Supervisor Nil
268
8. RA Templates: Scaffold
Risk Assessment Form
Company: Task: Approved by: (Date) Group 2 Erection of Tower Scaffold at Open Space Conducted by: (Date)
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk and fingers Major injuries on hand and fingers
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) work Barricade working area Use hand glove Severity Likelihood 3 3 5 3 3 1 3 2 1 3 3 1 Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Scaffold Supervisor M M M Scaffold Supervisor M L M M L Scaffold Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Material handling Erecting main members of a scaffold (i.e. base plate; standards; ledger; transom; bracing, etc.) Install Ladder Planks Handrail Toe board
Falling from
height Falling object Slip / trip Eye injury
3 3 3
3 3 3
269
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Install outrigger in
Install 4
Collapse of staging
Fatality
accordance with height of scaffold If tower scaffold exceeds 15m, installation must be done accordance to PE drawing
Scaffold Supervisor
Inspection of Scaffold
3 2
3 1
M Scaffold Supervisor L
270
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Scaffold Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Asphyxiation
with double lanyard secured Wearing of hand gloves Erection area to be cordoned off Tools to be secured Couplers to be secured on pipes before passing down
5 2 3
1 2 3
M L M
Maintenance
of body harness
Erectors /
supervisors must be qualified
Falling from Front base frame height from ships Hand / finger ladder platform injuries Hand / finger
Routing of staging wires injuries Falling of objects
5 2 2 3
1 2 2 3
M L L M
271
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M L M M L M M L M M L M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling
from height Hand / finger injuries Falling of objects
Use of body harness Erectors fall from height Lifeline provided Hand / fingers got cut Wearing of hand gloves Injury of other workers Area to be cordoned
below off
5 2 3 5 2 3 5 2 3 5 2 3
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
Falling Erect 2nd tier from height scaffold platform Hand / finger with transom, injuries ledger and Falling of putlog objects Falling
from height Hand / finger injuries Falling of objects
Using of body harness Erectors fall from height Lifeline provided Hand / fingers got cut Wearing of hand gloves Injury of other workers Area to be cordoned
below off
Using of body harness Erectors fall from height Lifeline provided Hand / fingers got cut Wearing of hand gloves Injury of other workers Area to be cordoned
below off
Falling
from height Hand / finger injuries Falling of objects
Using of body harness Erectors fall from height Lifeline provided Hand / fingers got cut Wearing of hand gloves Injury of other workers Area to be cordoned
below off
272
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Entry for inspection Inspect the erect area, location, possible hazard, cleanliness Arrange material manpower Transport material Lift up the material Lower material to confined space Hazard Lack of oxygen, flammable, toxic gas Sludge, mud Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Monitor air flow Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) HSE Officer , Staging Supervisor Staging Supervisor Fellow Worker Staging Supervisor Storekeeper Worker Staging Supervisor Forklift Driver Lorry Driver
Reference
Document for Reference
Poor material,
3 PPE Un-train personnel Falling object (Not properly secured) Follow hand out
Checked by store Inspect PPE regularly Training Use rack Secure material Stack to 2 levels
4 5
Falling object
273
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor Stager Supervisor Stager
Reference
Document for Reference
Extend the tubes Falling objects from main tower Work at height
Supervisor Stager
10
Put up planks and secure them Put up tie backs, toeboard, guard rail etc. Inspection, put up signboard
Supervisor Stager
11
12
Work at height
274
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Sandwich by staging materials
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor Group Leader Stager
Reference
Document for Reference
Make frame
Hand / finger
2 injuries Falling hazard Lower to location Frame and stager might fall overboard Secure the staging wires
Proper PPE (glove) Crash over ship structure Communication Staging wire going (railing)
round the railing 2 5 1 1 L M
Prepare lifebuoy
and life jackets Anchor safety belt to ship railing
communication
Hand / finger
injuries Eye injury
2 4 2 2 3 2 3 3
2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
L M L L L L L L
Hand / finger
injuries Falling hazard Hand / finger injuries
Supervisor Group Leader Stager Group Leader Stager Supervisor Group Leader Stager
Ladder to install
PPE (glove)
Falling from
height Falling of object Hit by objects
275
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Inspection of ground by supervisor Selection and sorting out of material Transportation to wharf Lifting of material Choosing of anchor pocket (hanging wire and lifeline) Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Drowning and body injuries Hand injuries Load topple
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Supervisor and Scaffolders
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling from
height Tripping hazards Pinch point Overloading of cradle
2 3
1 3
1 2
Wire damage
Hand injuries
276
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Wear gloves Wear gloves Wear gloves Severity Likelihood 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 Risk Level L L L L L
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder
Reference
Document for Reference
11
Scaffolder
12
Scaffolder
13
Scaffolder
Falling
from height Falling object 3 2 M
14
Scaffolder
277
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Provide watchman to clear area Severity Likelihood Risk Level M M M M M M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Qualified scaffolder Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder Scaffolder
Reference
Document for Reference
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Falling object Falling object Pinch point Pinch point Pinch point Falling object Pinch point Drowning Hand injuries Hand injuries Hand injuries Hand injuries Hand injuries
4 4
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3
22
Drowning
Scaffolder
278
12/04/06
18/04/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Foreman, Supervisor Foreman, Supervisor, Group Leader Foreman, Supervisor, Group Leader Certified Gas Meter Carried Foreman, Supervisor, Scaffold Rigger Foreman, Supervisor, Group Leader, Scaffold Foreman, Supervisor Foreman, Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Slipping and
tripping Fire and explosion
5 5 2
1 1 2 1
M M L M
ventilation Barricade and signboard Sufficient lighting Slip resistant shoes Clear walkway Portable gas detector
Death
Lifeline
Inspection
Fracture Death
Sufficient
2 5 2 1 L M lighting Carry torchlight Lifeline Buddy system
279
3 years later
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Proper
5 2 H supervision
Workers briefed /
toolbox
Supervisor In-Charge
Rectification of damage
parts before dismantling
Torchlight Anchor to
lifeline (ensure)
Supervisor In-Charge
Communication,
co-ordination and supervision (proper) Proper usage of full body harness and lifeline Proper material handling Continuous training for workers Strict supervision (more than 1 supervisor)
Falling / tripping material handling Struck by objects Scaffold overload Confusion Poor quality Laceration workers (shortcuts) Falling objects Caught in
between
Supervisors In-Charge
Certified riggers
and signalers
Supervisors In-Charge
280
12/04/09
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Fabricate and provide signage board at the work place to notify workers that scaffold work is in progress Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Falling from
height
Weak anchoring
2 Provide a lifeline to anchor safety hook point To notify workers that scaffold work is in progress Serious injury
Make sure all PPE and equipment inspection are carried out daily
Secure materials
Materials and man falling from height Serious injury properly Provides lifeline and safety harness for workers 5 1 M
Make sure materials and lifeline used are inspected and certified
281
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Persons falling
from height Hand / finger injuries Serious injury
Minor injuries
Opening of bracing
Scaffold
collapsing Pinch point Major injuries
282
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk Opening and insecure material
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
2 3
Nil 2 1 L Nil
4 5
Language barrier
No understanding
2 5
1 1
L M
Nil Nil
Independent / rigid
anchor point Falling person and object
Fall protection not worn Poor anchor point Overload of person Fall protector snap
Supervisor immediate
supervision
Nil
Supervisor allocate
erector for task (in number)
283
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Mishandling during
Dismantle and lower down materials
Adapt 2 lashing
method for lowering with canvas bag Wires put in canvas bag Maintain communication during transfer Wear glove Maintain communication Maintain 2 planks / 3 pipe at one time
transfer Improper loading Sharp edges Pinch point during handling Overload during manual lowering
Nil
Mishandling during
transfer 8 Remaining tier dismantling (except base frame)
Nil
Overload during
manual lowering
Falling object
Nil
284
1. Hazard Identification
No. Task Step Hazard Possible Accident / Ill Health & Persons-at-Risk
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood Risk Level
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date)
Reference
Document for Reference
Fix frame work and secure hanging wire ropes (PE design) Secure two planks on the frame before lowering Put two inner vertical standard down from the frame 500mm 1m Centre of the frame fix one lowering rope before lowering Lowering the complete frame work on exact location
Assign qualified
erectors (MMSE)
Nil
Scaffold Supervisor
Caught in
Finger injuries between objects Arm injuries Sharp objects Caught in Finger injuries between objects Hand injuries Sharp edges Leg injuries Material falling
Person hit by falling objects
Nil
Scaffold Supervisor
Use hand gloves Wear safety shoes Barricade Display warning sign
board around the location
Nil
Scaffold Supervisor
Falling objects
Scaffold Supervisor
Falling from
Hook up their
lanyard at strong anchoring point Barricade / display sign board Wear hand gloves and safety shoes 5 5 1 1 M M
height Fatality Falling object Hit person caught in Arm, leg injuries between objects
Assign 1
scaffolder to monitor the affected area
Scaffold Supervisor
285
2. Risk Evaluation
Existing Risk Control (if any) Severity Likelihood 5 5 1 1 Risk Level M M
3. Risk Control
Additional Risk Control Visual inspection by scaffold supervisor Action Officer, Designation (Follow-up date) Scaffold Supervisor
Reference
Document for Reference
Anchoring point
6 Securing of hanging wires Fix ladder (if more than 3m level from the hatch loaming erect one resting platform) One man down to the frame to complete the platform gives way Wrong method of securing rope
Falling objects
Nil
Scaffold Supervisor
Scaffold Supervisor
Balance preheated
10 Inspection of completed hanging scaffold
Slip Trip
House keeping to be
done once erection is completed
Nil
Scaffold Supervisor
286
Annex D-1:
Matrix on Mandatory Safety Training and Trade-related Training Required for Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Mandatory Safety Training Course
Safety Instruction Course for Ship Repair Managers Shipyard Safety Assessors (Hot Work Certification Course) Shipard Supervisor Safety Course Lifting Supervisors Safety Course Shipyard Safety Instruction Course for General Trade Shipyard Safety Instruction Course for Painter Trade Shipyard Safety Assistants Course Safety Officers Training Course Shipyard Safety Course for Hot Work Trade
Trade Course
Hot Work* Painting Rigging Signaling Scaffolding Crane Operating Other Production Workers Scaffolding Supervisors Lifting Supervisor Other Production Supervisors Safety Supervisor Safety Assistant Safety Assessor Safety Officer Ship Repair Manager
* Hot Work - includes riveting, welding, flame cutting or burning and any other work involving the use or generation of heat or the production of sparks 287
Annex D-2:
Safety Training Courses for Management Personnel, Supervisory Personnel and Workers (Shall Include, but not Be Limited to the Following) Level
Management Personnel
Supervisory Personnel
Shipyard Safety Instruction Courses Safety Orientation for New Employees/Contractors Training for Safety Committee Members Training for Hot Work Tradesmen Training for Painters Training for Crane Operators Training for Forklift Operators Training for Scaffold Erectors Training for Self-Propelled Platform Operators Training for Respirator Users Training for Riggers and Signalers Training for Fire Watchman Training for High Pressure Equipment Users Training for First Aiders Training for Powered Tools Users Hazard Identification Safe Work Practices Emergency Response Housekeeping Training Behavioural-based Safety 288
Annex E-1:
In-House Safety Rules and Regulations (Shall Include, but not Be Limited to the Following)
Compliance with safe work practices and permit-to-work system; Provision and use of personal protective equipment; Removal or making safety devices or provisions inoperative; Operation and maintenance of machinery and equipment and tools; Handling, storage and use of substances and materials; Reporting of accidents, incidents and hazards; Removal of hazards at the workplace; Maintenance of housekeeping and cleanliness at the workplace; Prohibition of horseplay; Operation of equipment without authority; Prohibition and misuse of equipment; Ensuring competency at work; Prohibition of smoking except at designated areas; and Prohibition of speeding of motorised vehicles and equipment.
289
Annex E-2:
List of High-Risk Work as Defined by the WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations
The following types of work that are carried out in relation to a ship (including a ship under construction) in a shipyard or on board a ship in a harbour are referred to in the Regulations as high-risk works. Carrying of out these works requires the application of permit-to-work as stipulated in the Regulations: Work which involves the use of any hazardous, volatile, corrosive or flammable chemical, material or solvent in significant quantities; Work involving entry into any confined space; Spray painting work; Grit-blasting work carried out in a confined space; Testing or dismantling of any pipe or equipment that Contains, or had contained, oil or substances that are flammable, toxic or corrosive; or Contains steam;
Ballasting and deballasting of a ship; Repair or maintenance work carried out on the hydraulic system of a ship; Bunkering and transferring of fuel oil; Radiography work; and Such other work as the Commissioner may specify in writing to the occupier of the shipyard or the master, owner or agent of the ship or the employer or principal of the person carrying out the work.
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Annex E-3:
Permit-to-Work Flow Chart
Step 2: Application of Permit Application for Permit-to-Work by supervisor or foreman of person carrying out hot work, using form and in manner required by ship repair manager; state safety measures, and address the application to ship repair manager and submit to safety assessor.
Step 3: Evaluation of Application Safety assessor inspects and makes assessment of work area with the supervisor or foreman to ensure that workplace is safe for the work to be carried out.
Step 4: Issue of Permit Ship repair manager issues Permit-to-Work if he is satisfied that work is safe to be carried out.
Step 5: Posting of Permit / Carry out Work Supervisor / foreman clearly posts the Permit-to-Work and ensures it is not removed throughout the work. Where practicable, provide a sketch of area where the work is to be carried out.
Step 6: Monitoring Supervisor / foreman ensures safety measures are in place all the time. Ship repair manager continually reviews progress of work.
Step 7: Completion Supervisor / foreman informs the ship repair manager upon completion of job.
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Annex E-4:
Permit-To-Work Formats (sample)
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) Permit for Hot Work Permit for Painting Permit for Grit Blasting in Confined Spaces Permit for Ballasting / Deballasting Permit for Dismantling / Testing of Pipes Valves and Heating Coils Permit for Radiography Work Permit for Repair / Maintenance Work of Hydraulic System Permit for Bunkering by Barge Permit for Transferring Oil Permit for Chemical Cleaning of Generators/Motors Permit for Chemical Cleaning / Flushing / Pickling Boiler / Heat Exchanger / Pipe System Permit for Entry into Confined Spaces
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: / Date: / Date: / at / / / Time: hours. Time: Hrs Hrs
Location
E/Rms, P/Rms, Cargo Oil Tanks, F.O. Tanks Main Deck, Stores Cargo Holds, Accommodation Area DB Tanks, Cofferdams, Duct Keels, Ballast Tanks and Other Similar Compartments Designated Hot Work Areas
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b) The permit is invalidated should combustible substances be introduced in the hot work area or should any of the following incompatible works be carried out in the same area: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Dismantling of valves and pipelines Ballasting and deballastion Testing of valves / pipes / heating coils Painting (v) Chemical cleaning (vi) Sludge cleaning (vii) Transferring of oil (viii) Bunkering by barge
In these cases, all hot work shall cease and safety personnel informed. General Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel. d) All work processes that require permit-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
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Date:
Time:
Hrs
Note: The necessary safety measures must be completed before the application is handed over to the safety Assessor/ Safety Assistant for endorsement.
Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
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General Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel. d) All work processes that require permits-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
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Procedure for Obtaining Approval of Permit for Grit Blasting in Confined Spaces
1) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall highlight at the Vessel Safety Co-ordination Committee (VSCC) meeting the intended work before raising the permit-to-work application. In the event that the intention to carry out the work arises after the VSCC meeting, the Ship Repair Manager (SRM) shall convene another VSCC meeting before the permit-to-work application is made. 2) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall be familiar with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done before submitting his permit-to-work application. 3) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall take the relevant safety measures. 4) He shall raise 5 copies of the permit-to-work application. 5) He shall fill up the particulars correctly and legibly in the appropriate boxes such as vessels name, location of work, commencement / completion date and time. 6) He shall fill up and sign Stage I in all 5 copies of the permit-to-work application and personally submit all 5 copies to the Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant. 7) On receipt of the application, the Safety Assessor shall: a) Familiarise himself with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be done and risks and hazards Involved in respect of the work to be done; and b) Make a physical inspection of the site of the intended work and its surrounding areas to ensure that there are no hazards or danger present. 8) The inspection shall be carried out together with the applicant for the permit unless the Safety Assessor is thoroughly familiar with the area in which the hot work is to be carried out. 9) If the Safety Assessor is satisfied with the results of the inspection, he shall then endorse Stage II of the application for the hot work permit and forward the endorsed application to the SRM. 10) On receipt of the endorsed application from the Safety Assessor, the SRM shall a) Evaluate the information given to him relating to the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved; b) Ensure that no incompatible work will be carried out at the same time in the same vicinity as the work for which the permit-to-work is being applied; c) Ensure that all possible safety precautions and measures have been implemented and enforced; and d) Cause a thorough inspection and proper assessment of the work area and its surroundings to be made before he approves Stage IIIA of the application for the permit-to-work. 11) For tender jobs, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall brief the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken by him for the work. He shall ensure that the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor acknowledges the briefing by signing Stage IIIB of the application for the, permit-to-work in the Display and Trade Foreman / Supervisor copies. 12) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall display the copy of the permit-to-work marked Display at the vicinity of the work area together with the sketch. He retains the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hands over two copies marked Safety to the Safety Assessor and the other copy marked SRM to the SRM. 13) He could then commence the painting work. 14) Upon completion of the hot work, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall sign Stage IV in the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hand over the copy to the Safety Personnel. Special Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel. d) All work processes that require permits-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
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Note 1: Master / Chief shall raise the permit if the ships system are to be used. Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall raise the permit if the shore lines are to be used. Note 2: The necessary safety measures shall be compiled with before the applications is handed over to the Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant for his endorsement.
Display
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Note: The necessary safety measures must be completed before the application is handed over to the Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant for endorsement.
Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Procedure for Obtaining Approval of Permit for Dismantling / Testing Pipes / Valves and Heating Coils
1) The Trade Foreman/Supervisor shall highlight at the Vessel Safety Co-Ordination Committee (VSCC) meeting the intended work before raising the permit-to-work application. In the event that the intention to carry out the work arises after the VSCC meeting, the Ship Repair Manager (SRM) shall convene another VSCC meeting before the permit-to-work application is made. 2) The person in charge shall be familiar with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done before submitting his permit-to-work application. 3) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall take the relevant safety measures. 4) He shall raise 5 copies of the permit-to-work application. 5) He shall fill up the particulars correctly and legibly in the appropriate boxes such as vessels name, location of work, commencement / completion date and time, type of work. He shall indicate in the box provided at the top of the permit whether the dismantling / testing is for oil / gas / chemical pipes / valves or system containing steam. In addition, the applicant has to indicate in the box provided at the top of the permit whether the work is going to be carried out in the open or confined space. 6) He shall fill up and sign Stage I in all 5 copies of the permit-to-work application and personally submit all 5 copies to the Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant. 7) On receipt of the application, the Safety Assessor shall: a) Familiarise himself with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be done, and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done; b) Make a physical inspection of the site of the intended work and its surrounding areas to ensure that there are no hazards or danger present. 8) The inspection shall be carried out together with the applicant for the permit unless the Safety Assessor is thoroughly familiar with the area in which the hot work is to be carried out. 9) If the Safety Assessor is satisfied with the results of the inspection, he shall then endorse Stage II of the application for the hot work permit and forward the endorsed application to the SRM. 10) On receipt of the endorsed application from the Safety Assessor, the SRM shall a) Evaluate the information given to him relating to the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved; b) Ensure that no incompatible work will be carried out at the same time in the same vicinity as the work for which the permit-to-work is being applied; c) Ensure that all possible safety precautions and measures have been implemented and enforced; and d) Cause a thorough inspection and proper assessment of the work area and its surroundings to be made before he approves Stage IIIA of the application for the permit-to-work. 11) For tender jobs, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall brief the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken by him for the work. He shall ensure that the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor acknowledges the briefing by signing Stage IIIB of the application for the, permit-to-work in the Display and Trade Foreman / Supervisor copies. 12) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall display the copy of the permit-to-work marked Display at the vicinity of the work area together with the sketch. He retains the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hands over two copies marked Safety to the Safety Assessor and the other copy marked SRM to the SRM. 13) He can then commence the painting work. 14) Upon completion of the hot work, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall sign Stage IV in the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hand over the copy to the Safety Personnel. 15) The Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant shall notify the SRM when the location is certified gas free. Note: a) This permit is required for the following: i) All pipelines and valves in confined spaces; ii) Oil gas and chemical pipelines and valves in open spaces; iii) Dismantling of pipelines / valves in the fuel oil purifier room and main fuel oil system connected to the main engine generator and boiler; iv) System that contains steam. b) This permit is not required for dismantling sea valves. c) Dismantled pipelines leading to other compartments must be blanked off with metal blanks before Hot Work can be permitted in a compartment. d) In open spaces, hot work should not be allowed within a radius of 3 metres of the area where dismantling is in progress.
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Special Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel. d) All work processes that require permits-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foremen / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-contractor Foreman/ Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
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Procedure for Obtaining Approval of Permit for Repair / Maintenance Work of Hydraulic System
1) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall highlight at the Vessel Safety Co-ordination Committee (VSCC) meeting the intended work before raising the permit-to-work application. In the event that the intention to carry out the work arises after the VSCC meeting, the Ship Repair Manager (SRM) shall convene another VSCC meeting before the permit-to-work application is made. 2) The person in charge shall be familiar with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done before submitting his permit-to-work application. 3) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall take the relevant safety measures. 4) He shall raise 5 copies of the permit-to-work application. 5) He shall fill up the particulars correctly and legibly in the appropriate boxes such as vessels name, location of work, commencement / completion date and time, type of work. He shall indicate in the box provided at the top of the permit whether the work is going to be carried out in the open or confined space. 6) He shall fill up and sign Stage I In all 5 copies of the permit-to-work application and personally submit all 5 copies to the Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant. 7) On receipt of the application, the Safety Assessor shall: a) Familiarise himself with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be done, and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done; b) Make a physical inspection of the site of the intended work and its surrounding areas to ensure that there are no hazards or danger present. 8) The inspection shall be carried out together with the applicant for the permit unless the Safety Assessor is thoroughly familiar with the area in which the hot work is to be carried out. 9) If the Safety Assessor is satisfied with the results of the inspection, he shall then endorse Stage II of the application for the hot work permit and forward the endorsed application to the SRM. 10) On receipt of the endorsed application from the Safety Assessor, the SRM shall a) Evaluate the information given to him relating to the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved; b) Ensure that no incompatible work will be carried out at the same time in the same vicinity as the work for which the permit-to-work is being applied; c) Ensure that all possible safety precautions and measures have been implemented and enforced; and. d) Cause a thorough inspection and proper assessment of the work area and its surroundings to be made before he approves Stage IIIA of the application for the permit-to-work. 11) For tender jobs, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall brief the Sub-contractor Foreman/Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken by him for the work. He shall ensure that the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor acknowledges the briefing by signing Stage IIIB of the application for the, permit-to-work in the Display and Trade Foreman / Supervisor copies. 12) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall display the copy of the permit-to-work marked Display at the vicinity of the work area together with the sketch. He retains the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hands over two copies marked Safety to the Safety Assessor and the other copy marked SRM to the SRM. 13) He could then commence the painting work. 14) Upon completion of the hot work, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall sign Stage IV in the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hand over the copy to the Safety Personnel. Note: This permit shall be obtained for the following works: 1) Any repair / maintenance of winches, windglass, cranes, derricks, steering gear, actuators, hatch covers, ramps, doors, hydraulic, pumps, motors or any other mechanism operated by using hydraulic system. 2) Any repair / maintenance on power pack / control panel. This permit is not applicable for dismantling / testing of hydraulic pipelines / valves and testing / operation of the hydraulic system after repair of maintenance work.
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Special Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel. d) All work processes that require permits-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foremen / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
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Special Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel. d) All work processes that require permits-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Master / Chief Office; Trade Foremen / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Master / Chief Office; Trade Foremen / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
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11. Permit for Chemical Cleaning / Flushing / Pickling Boiler / Heat Exchanger / Pipe System
Confined S/No Others Vessels Name: Commencement: Types of Paint: Date: Time: *Brush / Roller / Spray / / Hrs Open The process shall not commence until Stages I to IIIA - IIIB for tender jobs are duly completed and signed by the respective personnel Location of Work: Completion Date: Time / /
Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
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Procedure for Obtaining Approval of Permit for Chemical Cleaning / Flushing / Pickling Boiler / Heat Exchanger / Pipe System
1) The Master / Chief Engineer shall highlight at the Vessel Safety Co-ordination Committee (VSCC) meeting the intended work before raising the permit-to-work application. In the event that the intention to carry out the work arises after the VSCC meeting, the Ship Repair Manager (SRM) shall convene another VSCC meeting before the permit-to-work application is made. 2) Once highlighted at the meeting, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor can make arrangements to do the preparatory work by bringing up on board the vessel the necessary equipment. Subsequently the unit code could be filled with water and leak tested. 3) Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall be familiar with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done before submitting his permit-to-work application. 4) Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall take the relevant safety measures. 5) He shall raise 5 copies of the permit-to-work application. 6) He shall fill up the particulars correctly and legibly in the appropriate boxes such as vessels name, location of work, commencement / completion date and time, type of work and characteristics of the chemicals to be used. 7) He shall fill up and sign Stage I in all 5 copies of the permit to work application and personally submit all 5 copies to the Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant. 8) On receipt of the application, the Safety Assessor shall: a) Familiarise himself with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be done, and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done; b) Make a physical inspection of the site of the intended work and its surrounding areas to ensure that there are no hazards or danger present. 9) The inspection shall be carried out together with the applicant for the permit unless the Safety Assessor is thoroughly familiar with the area in which the hot work is to be carried out. 10) If the Safety Assessor is satisfied with the results of the inspection, he shall then endorse Stage II of the application for the hot work permit and forward the endorsed application to the SRM. 11) On receipt of the endorsed application from the Safety Assessor, the SRM shall a) Evaluate the information given to him relating to the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved; b) Ensure that no incompatible work will be carried out at the same time in the same vicinity as the work for which the permit-to-work is being applied; c) Ensure that all possible safety precautions and measures have been implemented and enforced; and. d) Cause a thorough inspection and proper assessment of the work area and its surroundings to be made before he approves Stage IIIA of the application for the permit-to-work. 12) For tender jobs, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall brief the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken by him for the work. He shall ensure that the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor acknowledges the briefing by signing Stage IIIB of the application for the, permit-to-work in the Display and Trade Foreman / Supervisor copies. 13) With the approved permit, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor could arrange to lift up chemicals on board and keep it in an area approved by the SRM. 14) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall display the copy of the permit-to-work marked Display at the vicinity of the work area together with the sketch. He retains the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hands over two copies marked Safety to the Safety Assessor and the other copy marked SRM to the SRM. 15) He could then commence the work. 16) Upon completion of the hot work, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall sign Stage IV in the copy marked Master / Chief Engineer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hand over the copy to the Safety Personnel. 17) The Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant shall notify the SRM when the location is certified gas free. Note: Copies of the material safety data sheets (MSDS) of the chemicals to be used shall be submitted together with the permit-to-work application to the safety personnel and the SRM by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor. Any changes in chemicals other than those stated in the permitto-work application shall render the permit as invalid. The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall submit a fresh application if he intends using chemicals not mentioned in the permit.
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Special Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel d) All work processes that require permits-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
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Stage IIIB: Endorsement by Sub-Contractor Foreman / Supervisor (for tender job only)
I hereby acknowledge that I have understood the briefing conducted by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken for the work and shall ensure compliance with the same. Name: Signature: Date: / / Time: Hrs
Display
321
Procedure for Obtaining Approval of Permit for Chemical Cleaning of Generator / Motors
1) The Master / Chief Engineer shall highlight at the Vessel Safety Co-ordination Committee (VSCC) meeting the intended work before raising the permit-to-work application. In the event that the intention to carry out the work arises after the VSCC meeting, the Ship Repair Manager (SRM) shall convene another VSCC meeting before the permit-to-work application is made. 2) Once highlighted at the meeting, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor can make arrangements to do the preparatory work by bringing up on board the vessel the necessary equipment. Subsequently the unit code could be filled with water and leak tested. 3) Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall be familiar with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done before submitting his permit-to-work application. 4) Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall take the relevant safety measures. 5) He shall raise 5 copies of the permit-to-work application. 6) He shall fill up the particulars correctly and legibly in the appropriate boxes such as vessels name, location of work, commencement / completion date and time, type of work and characteristics of the chemicals to be used. 7) He shall fill up and sign Stage I in all 5 copies of the permit to work application and personally submit all 5 copies to the Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant. 8) On receipt of the application, the Safety Assessor shall: a) Familiarise himself with the work schedule, the nature of the work to be done, and the risks and hazards involved in respect of the work to be done; b) Make a physical inspection of the site of the intended work and its surrounding areas to ensure that there are no hazards or danger present. 9) The inspection shall be carried out together with the applicant for the permit unless the Safety Assessor is thoroughly familiar with the area in which the hot work is to be carried out. 10) If the Safety Assessor is satisfied with the results of the inspection, he shall then endorse Stage II of the application for the hot work permit and forward the endorsed application to the SRM. 11) On receipt of the endorsed application from the Safety Assessor, the SRM shall a) Evaluate the information given to him relating to the work to be carried out and the risks and hazards involved; b) Ensure that no incompatible work will be carried out at the same time in the same vicinity as the work for which the permit-to-work is being applied; c) Ensure that all possible safety precautions and measures have been implemented and enforced; and. d) Cause a thorough inspection and proper assessment of the work area and its surroundings to be made before he approves Stage IIIA of the application for the permit-to-work. 12) For tender jobs, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall brief the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor on the safety measures to be taken by him for the work. He shall ensure that the Sub-contractor Foreman / Supervisor acknowledges the briefing by signing Stage IIIB of the application for the, permit-to-work in the Display and Trade Foreman / Supervisor copies. 13) With the approved permit, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor could arrange to lift up chemicals on board and keep it in an area approved by the SRM. 14) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall display the copy of the permit-to-work marked Display at the vicinity of the work area together with the sketch. He retains the copy marked Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hands over two copies marked Safety to the Safety Assessor and the other copy marked SRM to the SRM. 15) He could then commence the work. 16) Upon completion of the hot work, the Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall sign Stage IV in the copy marked Master / Chief Engineer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor and hand over the copy to the Safety Personnel. 17) The Safety Assessor / Safety Assistant shall notify the SRM when the location is certified gas free. Note: Copies of the material safety data sheets (MSDS) of the chemicals to be used shall be submitted together with the permit-to-work application to the safety personnel and the SRM by the Trade Foreman / Supervisor. Any changes in chemicals other than those stated in the permitto-work application shall render the permit as invalid. The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall submit a fresh application if he intends using chemicals not mentioned in the permit.
322
Special Requirements a) The work shall not commence until the permit has been duly completed and signed by the respective personnel. b) It shall be the duty of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to maintain the safety requirements throughout the job performance, if the condition changes, he shall stop the job and notify the SRM and Safety Personnel. c) The permit shall be invalidated if conditions change or if any incompatible work processes need to be carried out due to priority. During these situations, the permit shall be returned to the Safety Personnel. d) All work processes that require permits-to-work shall be highlighted at the VSCC meeting. e) Request from sub-contractors for the approval of a permit shall not be entertained by the SRM. f ) If the job is not completed within the stipulated time, a fresh permit shall have to be raised and the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor of the permit shall be handed over to the Safety Personnel. g) The Trade Foreman / Supervisor shall inform the SRM and the Safety Personnel once the job has been completed. If the copy marked Master / Chief Officer; Trade Foreman / Supervisor is not returned to the Safety Personnel, it shall be assumed that the job has not been completed and other incompatible work processes shall not be approved. h) It is the responsibility of the Trade Foreman / Supervisor to remove the display copy once the Job has been completed or when the permit has expired.
323
Annex E-5:
ASMI Safety Checklists
Reference:
Guidelines on Safety Management System for the Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing Industries, developed jointly by the Occupational Safety and Health Division, Ministry of Manpower, and the Safety Committee, Association of Singapore Marine Industries.
324
No
1.4 Have you checked to ensure that the welded eye piece or lifting lug of the load has no visible defects? 1.5 Have you checked: The weight of the load to be carried and confirmed that this is below the safe working load of your lifting gear or appliances? The load including all loose items and all lifting attachments are properly secured? The pads are placed in areas where the mire ropes are bent around the sharp edges? There is one trained person around to give the signal?
1.6 Have you ensured that all the appropriate tag line is attached to the load? 1.7 Have you ascertained the weight of the load which is to be lifted and informed the crane operator of the weight of the load?
325
No
326
No
2. Work Tools
2.1 Are your work tools suitable for the job? 2.2 Are your work tools in good working condition?
4. Working at Height
4.1 Are the working platforms (scaffoldings) certified safe for use? 4.2 Are proper anchoring points for safety belts provided and used?
6.4 Are drip trays / containers used to contain oil spill when dismantling cargo pipes / valves? 6.5 Are there any leaks / discharge from the pipelines / valves? (If yes, stop the leaks immediately and report to your supervisors)
9. Material Handling
9.1 Before any slinging or lifting, have you ensured that all chain block / sling wires are tested by an approved person? 9.2 Have you checked with your supervisor to ensure that the engine rooms overhead crane has been tested by an approved person? 9.3 Are you trained and authorised to operate the engine rooms overhead crane? 9.4 Are you familiar with the lifting operation and procedures? Note: Do not start work unless the above questions are answered Yes. If in doubt, please check with your supervisor.
327
No
2. During Work,
2.1 Is a spark-gun provided for the lighting of gas torch? 2.2 Are the gas regulators set to correct pressure (for gas cylinders only)? 2.3 Is the gas torch shut off before moving around?
3. After Work,
3.1 Is the gas turned off? 3.2 Is the supply valve securely closed? 3.3 Are the torches and gas hoses disconnected from supply and removed out of the tanks? 3.4 Have you checked the work area before leaving? Note: Do not start work unless the above questions are answered Yes. If in doubt please check with your supervisor.
328
No
2. During Work,
2.1 Is the electrode disconnected from the cables when moving around?
3. After Work,
3.1 Is the electrode disconnected from the supply cables? 3.2 Is the welding set switched off? 3.3 Have you check work area before leaving? Note: Do not start work unless the above questions are answered Yes. If in doubt please check with your supervisor.
329
Symbol
Meaning
Comments On Use
330
Symbol
Meaning
Comments On Use
331
Symbol
Meaning
Comments On Use
332
333
Start
NO
Annex E-7:
Contracting Department
Implement PTW
Safety Department
Risk Assessment
Project Manager
NO Approval YES NO
Security Department
No Entry Allowed
Verification YES
Allow Entry
Legend
PTW MSDS
334
Annex E-8:
Start
Contractor
Security Department
NO Verify Certificates are Valid and Inspect the Item According to Table
YES
335
Annex E-9:
Mobile Crane
Hydro-jetting Gun
Hydro-jetting Gun Entry Permit Test Certificates of Lifting Machine / Lifting Equipment / Pressure Vessel condition
Verify certificates Verify the equipments satisfactory Verify all lifting equipment or pressure
vessel have Test Certificate Registration Number, Date of Test, Safe Working Load (SWL) or Safe Working Pressure, indicated clearly on them
Verify forklift by completing Part 2 of checklist. To endorse Part 3 of checklist (refer to Appendix L)
Monthly service must be done by service technician and service reports to be submitted to Safety Department once every 30 days
5 Report of Equipment issued by Rental Company Valid Lifting Platform Test Certificate
Control and Inspection of Contractors Plant and Equipment at Entry to Yards Premises
336
Annex E-10:
List of Common Hazardous Materials Category of Chemicals
Acids (Hydrochloric, Phosphoric, etc.) Marine Paints/ Solvents Cleaning/ Degreasing Agents
Purpose of Use
For etching, cleaning, scaling, etc., of exotic steel materials such as aluminium, stainless steel, etc. For steel surface preservation and corrosion control Cleaning of electrical contacts, machinery parts, etc. For purpose of industrial radiography work on weld joints / seams, etc.
Nature of Hazards
Explosive Corrosive Severe skin dermatitis Explosive Skin irritation Explosive Skin irritation / dermatitis Genetic mutation Carcinogenic
Radioactive Substances
Note: 1. The purpose of this list is to provide an overview appreciation of the common chemicals or substances used in a shipyard operation. 2. Reference should be made to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) to determine the hazardous nature of each chemical or substance.
337
Annex E-11:
Hazardous Materials Control Flow Chart
Start
End
Yard Procurement
Owner Supply
Procurement Department
Proceed to Procure
NO
Approval
YES
Supplier
Security Department
NO
YES
Legend
SDS
Annex E-12:
Forklift Inspection Checklist Part 1: Forklift Information (To be completed by the applicant)
Name of Company: Safe Working Load: Serviced by: Submitted by: Forklift Serial No.: Forklift ID No.: Date of service: Signature & Date
Note: Reject forklift if a cross (r) is indicated in any of the boxes in item 1 to 10.
339
Annex F-1:
Sample of SCDF Fire Emergency Plan
1. Objective
1.1 Purpose 1.2 Fire Safety Committee 1.3 Fire Alarm
5. External Emergency Support 6. Fire Evacuations Drills 7. Classifications of Emergencies (If any) 8. General 9. Appendices
Appendix I Appendix II Appendix III Appendix IV Appendix V Appendix VI Appendix VII Appendix VIII Appendix IX Name List and Contact Numbers of Fire Safety Committee Name List and Contact Numbers of Key Personnel Site Plan of Assembly Point Typical Floor Plan (Include Location of Hose Reels, Extinguishers and First Aid Boxes) Evacuation Drill Record Sheet Floor Register List of Hazards Stored / Used in the Premises Emergency Response Facilities Procedures to Mitigate Spillages of Hazardous Materials
340
1.2
1.3
2.2
All Staff
a) Upon hearing the fire alarm, all staff shall lock important files, cash, shut down machinery etc. and evacuate immediately guided by their respective Fire Wardens. b) When evacuating, do not panic but quickly walk down the staircase by the nearest exit and proceed to the assembly point. Do not use lifts. c) The assembly point is located at See Appendix II (Site Plan). d) All staff shall not re-enter the building unless instructed otherwise by the Civil Defence Officer in attendance.
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
Specialist Personnel
a) b) c) d) Upon hearing the fire alarm, switch off necessary equipment, contain fire hazardous materials used in area of work. Report to FSM that his area is clear and potential hazards contained. Meet up with SCDF personnel to provide advice in areas related to his speciality. Render assistance to SCDF personnel in mitigating fire.
2.7
2.8
Telephone Operator
On hearing the fire alarm, the Telephone Operator shall immediately notify the Singapore Civil Defence Force (Tel no : 995) of the activation of the fire alarm and state the following: a) Location of the building b) Telephone number The caller shall not replace the telephone set until the address has been repeated by the operator of the Singapore Civil Defence Force.
342
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Specialist Personnel
a) To know how materials / machines used in his scope of work can be a source of fire. b) To know necessary steps to contain spread of fire if his work area is affected. c) To know the specialist department and companies to contact to provide information and advice on mitigating a fire.
4.6
Telephone Operator
a) To know the fire emergency plan and telephone number of the Singapore Civil Defence Force and other essential emergency telephone numbers.
4.7
8. General
Remember, it is in your interest to know: 1) 2) 3) 4) How to report a fire sound the alarm without delay. What to do in the event of a fire. Location of nearby fire extinguishers and hose reels Learn the proper way to use them. Means of escape in case of fire and to keep staircases, landings and other escape routes clear of obstruction at all time.
9. Appendices
Appendix I Appendix II* Appendix III Appendix IV Appendix V* Appendix VI* Appendix VII* Appendix VIII* Appendix IX* Name List and Contact Numbers of Fire Safety Committee Name List and Contact Numbers of Key Personnel Site Plan of Assembly Point Typical Floor Plan (Include Location of Hose Reels, Extinguishers and First Aid Boxes) Evacuation Drill Record Sheet Floor Register List of Hazards Emergency Response Facilities Procedures to Mitigate Hazardous Spillages 343
*Specimen attached
Appendix II:
Name of Key Personnel S/ No Name Appointment Contact No.
344
Appendix V:
Evacuation Drill Record Sheet
I, the FSM / Co-ordinator of the Fire Drill conducted for (Name of Premises/ Building), hereby certify that all facts shown herein below are true and correct and that the said Fire Drill was conducted in accordance to the Fire Emergency Plan as required by Fire Safety Bureau (FSB).
Date of Activation Unit No. or No. of Time Taken Drill Time Floor Level Participants to Evacuate
345
Appendix VI:
Floor Register
Fire Warden: Unit: No. Floor Level:
Unit No.
Evacuation Status
Present Absent
346
Appendix VII:
List of Hazards Stored / Used in the Premises S/ No Hazardous Materials Personnel-in-Charge Method of Mitigation
347
Appendix VIII:
Emergency Response Facilities S/ No Type Location Remarks
348
Appendix IX:
Procedures to Mitigate Spillages of Hazardous Material Toxic / Hazardous Materials Action to be Taken During Spillages Personnel Responsible
349
Annex G-1:
Noise Monitoring Report
SECOND SCHEDULE NOISE MONITORING REPORT
Part A. Noise Monitoring Officer
Name: NRIC: Regulations 6(2)
Part C. Instrumentation
Instrument
Brand
Model
Serial No.
Type
350
Machine / Equipment
Process / Activity
351
ANNEX G-2:
Accident / Incident
Sub-Contractor
Action by Safety Dept Property Damage / ENV Incident / NLTI NO LTI? YES NO Fatal Accident YES NO YES More than 4 Days Inform MOM ASAP Safety Dept (Within 10 Days) Online Report at iReport to MOM Safety Dept
3 Days Legend MOM LTI NLTI PM HSE SM ENV SHC Ministry of Manpower Lost Time Injuries Non Lost Time Injuries Production Manager Health, Safety & Environment Safety Manager Environment Safety & Health Committee
YES
NO
YES
Close
Annex H-1:
Occupational Health Inspection Audit
Date: Factory: Address: No. of workers: Contact person(s): Designation: Tel No: Auditors(s):
Checklist:
Remarks
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Chemical Hazard Control Industrial Ventilation Industrial Hygiene Monitoring Confined Space Work Contract Work Hearing Conservation Medical Surveillance Respiratory Protection First Aid Facilities
A A A A A A A A A
NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
i) j)
Are suitable personal protective appliances provided and used? Are there any emergency procedures?
Y* Y*
N N
354
Annex H-2:
Checklist for the Review of Shipyard Safety Management System
This checklist may be used for audit to the key requirement in the MOMs Safety and Health Management System Elements as listed in the Second Schedule to WSH (General Provisions) Regulations 2006. (To be completed by Review Team Leader) Please answer all questions by placing a tick (a) in the relevant boxes. Put in the remarks if necessary.
Item
1
1.1
Yes
No
Remarks
General
Has the shipyard implemented a safety management system for the purpose of ensuring the safety and protecting the health of all workers in the yard in accordance with Regulation 4 of the WSH (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations 2008?
2
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
Safety Policy
Has the shipyard included its commitment to the safety policy? Is the policy communicated to all of the organisations? Is the policy implemented and maintained at all levels of the organisation? Are there provisions for the periodical review and amendment of the safety policy when necessary?
3
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
4
4.1 4.2 4.3
355
Item
5
5.1 i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) 5.2 5.3
Yes
No
Remarks
6
6.1 6.2
Safety Promotion
Are there promotional programmes that demonstrate the shipyards commitment in advancing the culture of safety in the workplace and reinforcing the concept that safety and production are inseparable? Are there procedures to evaluate safety performance of contractors?
7
7.1 7.2
Safety Inspections
Are there procedures to carry out internal safety inspections? Are the personnel carrying out the inspections competent and fully conversant with the statutory requirements, relevant procedures for safe work practices, rules and regulations? Are there provisions to ensure that the relevant findings of the inspections are brought to the attention of the Ship Repair Manager, WSH Officer and the personnel responsible for taking any corrective action? Has the corrective action been taken immediately? Are the inspections carried out so frequently as to ensure a high level of compliance with the provisions of the Safety Management System? Are the statutory inspections carried out in with the relevant regulations under the Factories Act and its subsidiaries?
356
Item
8
8.1
Yes
No
Remarks
Maintenance Regime
Are there procedures to ensure that plant machinery and equipment used in the shipyard are properly maintained and, where appropriate, fitted with personnel protection devices and equipment that are in good order? Is there a preventive maintenance programme for inspections to be conducted at appropriate intervals; defects and material deficiencies to be identified and reported; and appropriate corrective action to be taken? Are the maintenance and testing carried out as required by law and integrated into the shipyards preventive maintenance programme? Does the shipyard designate appropriate areas for storage of the chemical/ material and are such areas secured against unauthorised access? Are there provisions to ensure that personnel involved with the storage, handling and use of hazardous chemical/material are competent and are fully aware of the relevant safeguards and measures? Are there provisions to ensure that hazardous chemical/material are returned to the designated storage areas when not in use?
9
9.1 9.2
Emergency Preparedness
Are there procedures to identify, describe and respond to emergency situations within the shipyard? Are there emergency procedures documented and communicated to all level of personnel (including contract workers) so as to enable the shipyard to respond quickly to emergency situations?
10
10.1 10.2 i) ii) iii) iv)
357
Published in September 2009 by the Workplace Safety and Health Council in collaboration with the Association of Singapore Marine Industries. All rights reserved. This publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, in whole or in part, without prior written permission from the publisher(s). The information provided in this publication is accurate as at time of printing. As a guide this publication has no legal standing. The Workplace Safety and Health Council and the Association of Singapore Marine Industries do not accept any liability or responsibility to any party for losses or damage arising from following this publication.
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