Advantages of Oral Communication Oral communication has several advantages over written communication for most day-to-day, routine

transactions:

Oral communication is faster: Two or more people talking can deliver a message, discuss an issue, reach an agreement, or ask a question and receive an answer much more quickly than they could using written communication.

Oral communication permits immediate feedback: When the receiver does not understand a message, he or she can ask for clarification right away.

Oral communication a usually more effective for conveying messages with emotional content: When people communicate orally, the message consists of more than the spoken words. A nonverbal message accompanies every oral communication. Facial expressions, body movements, gestures, tone of voice, rate of speech, and voice inflection all add meaning to the words actually spoken. These nonverbal components help the receiver interpret the emotional significance of the message.

Oral communication helps establish human relationships: Through oral communication, people working together are able to develop team spirit and a sense of mutual responsibility. By communicating with each other orally, people are able to improve each other's morale.
Advantages of Written Communication

Written communication helps in laying down apparent principles, policies and rules for running of an organization. It is a permanent means of communication. Thus, it is useful where record maintenance is required.

It assists in proper delegation of responsibilities. While in case of oral communication, it is impossible to fix and delegate responsibilities on the grounds of speech as it can be taken back by the speaker or he may refuse to acknowledge. Written communication is more precise and explicit. Effective written communication develops and enhances an organizations image. It provides ready records and references. Legal defenses can depend upon written communication as it provides valid records.
Disadvantages of Written Communication

Written communication does not save upon the costs. It costs huge in terms of stationery and the manpower employed in writing/typing and delivering letters. Also, if the receivers of the written message are separated by distance and if they need to clear their doubts, the response is not spontaneous. Written communication is time-consuming as the feedback is not immediate. The encoding and sending of message takes time. Effective written communication requires great skills and competencies in language and vocabulary use. Poor writing skills and quality have a negative impact on organizations reputation. Too much paper work and e-mails burden is involved.
Nature gave us two ears but only one tongue, which is a gentle hint that we should listen more than we talk Listening is the single most important aspect of tutoring. Without it there is no way to know what the tutee needs. It is also a rare and generous gift to listen to someone in this media bombarded society. Students spend 20 percent of all school related hours just listening. If television watching and one-half of conversations are included, students spend approximately 50 percent of their waking hours just listening. For those hours spent in the classroom, the amount of listening time can be almost 100 percent. Think about your own activities in college. Are most of your activities focused around listening, especially in the classroom? How well do you really listen? If you ask a group of students to give a one word description of listening, some would say hearing; however, hearing is physical. Listening is following and understanding the sound---it is hearing with a purpose. Good listening is built on three basic skills: attitude, attention, and adjustment. These skills are known collectively as triple-A listening. Listening is the absorption of the meanings of words and sentences by the brain. Listening leads to the understanding of facts and ideas. But listening takes attention, or sticking to the task at hand in spite of distractions. It requires concentration, which is the focusing of your thoughts upon one particular problem. A person who incorporates listening with concentration is actively listening. Active listening is a method of

responding to another that encourages communication. Listening is a very important skill, especially for tutors. Many tutors tend to talk too much during a tutorial session. This defeats the purpose of tutoring, which is to allow students to discover solutions for their learning needs. Rather than turning the session into a mini-lecture, tutors must actively listen and encourage their students to become active learners. Giving a student your full attention is sometimes difficult because you start to run out of time, or you find yourself thinking about your next question; however, the time you spend actively listening to your student will result in a quality tutoring session. Poor Listening Habits Criticizing a speaker

Poor Listeners... criticize the speaker's voice, clothes, or looks. Therefore, they decide that the speaker won`t say anything important. become so involved in disagreeing with something the speaker states that they stop listening to the remainder of the lecture

Good Listeners... realize that a lecture is not a popularity contest. Good listeners look for the ideas being presented, not for things to criticize. listen with the mind, not the emotions. Good listeners jot down something they disagree with to ask the speaker later, then go on listening.

Finding fault with the speaker

Allowing yourself to be distracted

use little distractions -- someone coughing, a pencil dropping, the door filter out distractions and concentrate on opening and closing -- as an excuse to what the speaker is saying. stop listening. look at the speaker but don't listen. They expect to get the material from the textbook later. outline the lecture in detail. The listener is so concerned with organization that he misses the content. only want the facts. They consider everything else to be only the speaker's opinion. think it is too difficult to follow the speaker's complicated ideas and logic.A poor listener wants entertainment, not education. understand that speakers talk about what they think is most important. Good listeners know that a good lecture may not contain the same information as the textbook. adjust their style of note-taking to the speaker's topic and method of organization. want to see how the facts and examples support the speaker's ideas and arguments. Good listeners know that facts are important, because they support ideas. want to learn something new and try to understand the speaker's point. A good listener is not afraid of difficult, technical, or complicated ideas.

Faking attention

Forcing every lecture into one format

Listening only for facts

Listening to only the easy material

Calling a subject boring

listen closely for information that can be decide a lecture is going to be dull and important and useful, even when a lecture is "turn out" the speaker. dull. get upset at words which trigger certain emotions -- words such as hear these same words. When they do, they communist, income tax, Hitler or listen very carefully. A good listener tries to abortion. Emotion begins and listening understand the speaker's point of view. ends. move along lazily with the speaker use any extra time or pauses in the lecture

Overreacting to "push button" emotional words Wasting thought

speed

even though thinking is faster than speaking. A poor listener daydreams and falls behind.

to reflect on the speaker's message. They think about what the speaker is saying, summarize the main points, and think about the next points.

Remember it is important for you to encourage your students to practice good listening skills. One way to accomplish this task is by sharing with them these useful strategies for classroom listening. Active listening is a very demanding skill that requires practice and perseverance. Once learned however, active listening is very rewarding.

Advantages of Written Communication

Written communication helps in laying down apparent principles, policies and rules for running of an organization. It is a permanent means of communication. Thus, it is useful where record maintenance is required. It assists in proper delegation of responsibilities. While in case of oral communication, it is impossible to fix and delegate responsibilities on the grounds of speech as it can be taken back by the speaker or he may refuse to acknowledge. Written communication is more precise and explicit. Effective written communication develops and enhances an organizations image. It provides ready records and references. Legal defenses can depend upon written communication as it provides valid records.
Disadvantages of Written Communication

Written communication does not save upon the costs. It costs huge in terms of stationery and the manpower employed in writing/typing and delivering letters. Also, if the receivers of the written message are separated by distance and if they need to clear their doubts, the response is not spontaneous. Written communication is time-consuming as the feedback is not immediate. The encoding and sending of message takes time. Effective written communication requires great skills and competencies in language and vocabulary use. Poor writing skills and quality have a negative impact on organizations reputation. Too much paper work and e-mails burden is involved

Oral communication implies communication through mouth. It includes individuals conversing with each other, be it direct conversation or telephonic conversation. Speeches, presentations, discussions are all forms of oral communication. Oral communication is generally recommended when the communication matter is of temporary kind or where a direct interaction is required. Face to face communication (meetings, lectures, conferences, interviews, etc.) is significant so as to build a rapport and trust