Protocol / telecom testing and development

Prime Bit Solutions.

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Protocol / telecom testing and development

COURSE CONTENT
INTRODUCTIONS TO GENERATIONS OF TECHNOLOGY

Motivation behind the GSM Technology Evolution path to the GSM Cell Concept.

GSM NETWORK COMPONENTS, FUNCTIONALITY AND CALL SCENARIOS

Study of GSM Architecture. User Equipment. SIM Base Trans Receiver Station (BTS). Base Station (BSC). Mobile Switching Center (MSC). Gateway MSC (GMSC). Core Network Functions and Interfaces

GSM RADIO INTERFACE

Frequency Re-use Concept. Fundamentals of Frequency Division Fundamentals of time Division Multiplexing Burst types, motivation, and structures Physical Channel s and logical Channel s Framing structures and mapping of logical Channel s to Physical Channel s Cell selection and reselection principles Call establishment signaling flows including handover principles Idle mode procedures, including location area updates and registrations

UMTS OVERVIEW

Overview of GSM technologies. Drive towards the 3G. [email protected] Call us: 08790059362 Page 2

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Understanding of UMTS Technology. UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN). UMTS Core Network. 3GPP Governing Body and licensing of Spectrum.

CDMA PRINCIPLES

General Cellular Principles. Multiple Access Concepts. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Spread Spectrum Principle. Wide Band CDMA (WCDMA).

WCDMA PRINCIPLES FOR UMTS CELLULAR SYSTEMS

Code Functions. Orthogonal Codes. Primary Synchronization, Secondary Synchronization. Channelization. Spreading. Scrambling. UMTS CDMA Principles and Codes. Multipath Diversity, Rake Receiver.

POWER CONTROL.

Soft Handovers, Softer Handovers, Hard Handovers. Macro / Micro Diversity. Cell Breathing.

UMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

Basic UMTS Architecture (Rel. 99, Rel 5) Non-Access & Access Stratum division. Packet Switched Core Network Entities. Circuit Switched Core Network Entities. Radio Access Network. Node B, Radio Network Controller. UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network Interfaces Iu, Iub, Iur, (Uu)

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PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

Iu Interface Protocol Stack. Iub Interface Protocol Stack. Iur Interface Protocol Stack. ATM in the UTRAN. SS7 in the UTRAN.

UMTS AIR INTERFACE (UU)

Air Interface Architecture. Handovers Radio Resource Control Procedures 3GPP 25.331 (RRC) Radio Link Control 3GPP 25.322 (RLC) Medium Access Control 3GPP 25.321 (MAC). Physical Layer 25.201 (PHY) Radio Access Bearers Concept (RAB). Radio Bearers (RB) Signaling Radio Bearers (SRB) Logical Channel s. Physical Channel s. RRC Procedures.

LTE

Evolution of UMTS
UMTS Architecture HSPA Directions of Change - Antennas, Modulations and Common Channels Problems with the UMTS Approach LTE Architecture

Physical Layer: Moving Antennas On

MIMO Concepts Space Time Diversity Coding and Spatial Multiplexing

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Physical Layer Downlink: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing - OFDM

Proposed use in LTE Changes to Modulation Turbo Coding Refresher

Physical Layer Uplink: SC-FDMA

Overall Description Benefits and Capabilities

Physical Layer: Radio Interface Channels

Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Radio Channels and their Usage

Layer 2: MAC, RL, PDCP, etc

MAC Sublayer RLC Sublayer PDCP Sublayer RRC E-UTRAN Entities ARQ and HARQ Mobility Management Scheduling and Rate Control

Core Network Aspects

LTE Architectural Concepts SAE - System Architecture Evolution Reference Points: The S Series of Reference Points The Application Protocol Interface X2 Handover and Mobility to Non-3GPP Technologies

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TESTING

Purpose of Testing Testing through the Life Cycle

Testing types and Stages of Mobile Pre-acceptance testing Conformance testing Production testing Functional testing Unit Testing Functionality testing white and Black box testing Regression testing I&C, maintenance live and field trial testing Application and end-to end testing Load and stress testing Non Functional testing Verification and Validation Testing General Development Testing

Integration testing What is Integration testing? How it works? Conformance testing of UMTS The origin of UMTS Conformance testing Understanding of Conformance Specification Layer 2 testing Layer 3 testing Testing Protocol

Conformance Testing and TTCN Protocol conformance testing Conformance test and test architecture Conformance testing Language and tools TTCN 2

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TTCN 3 Advantages of TTCN and Conformance Testing Summary of conformance test case life cycle TTCN 2 Test Cases TTCN 3 Test Cases

TCL/TK

scalar data type command evaluation control flow commands subroutines (a.k.a. procs) Tk basics Tk widgets, part I frames pack command list data type, list commands string commands regular expressions array data type, array commands file i/o sourcing other files command line arguments sub processes with eval and open Tck/Tk debugging tools [incr Tcl] - Object Oriented Programming with Tcl socket programming with Tcl/Tk expect - automating scripts with Tcl [incr Tk] - Meta-widget set

PERL TRAINING OUTLINE

Overview of Perl o What is Perl? o Running Perl Programs o Sample Program o Another Sample Program o Yet Another Example Perl Variables o Three Data Types o Variable Names and Syntax [email protected] Call us: 08790059362 Page 7

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Variable Naming Lists Scalar and List Contexts The Repetition Operator Arrays and Hashes o Arrays o Array Functions o The for each Loop o The @ARGV Array o The grep Function o Array Slices o Hashes o Hash Functions o Scalar and List Contexts Revisited Quoting and Interpolation o String Literals o Interpolation o Array Substitution and Join o Backslashes and Single Quotes o Quotation Operators o Command Substitution o Here Documents Operators o Perl Operators o Operators, Functions and Precedence o File Test Operators o Assignment Operator Notations o The Range Operator Flow Control o Simple Statements o Simple Statement Modifiers o Compound Statements o The next, last, and redo Statements o The for Loop o The for each Loop I/O: Input Operations and File I/O o Overview of File I/O o The open Function o The Input Operator < > o Default Input Operator o The print Function o Reading Directories [email protected] Call us: 08790059362 Page 8

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Regular Expressions o Pattern Matching Overview o The Substitution Operator o Regular Expressions o Special Characters o Quantifiers (*, +? {}) o Assertions (^, $, \b, \B) Advanced Regular Expressions o Substrings o Substrings in List Context o RE Special Variables o RE Options o Multi-line REs o Substituting with an Expression o Perl RE Extensions Subroutines o Overview of Subroutines o Passing Arguments o Private Variables o Returning Values References o References o Creating References o Using References o Passing References as Arguments to Subroutines o Anonymous Composers o The Symbol Table Complex Data Structures o Two-dimensional Arrays in Perl o Anonymous Arrays and Anonymous Hashes o Arrays of Arrays o Arrays of References o A Hash of Arrays o A Hash of Hashes o And So On... Packages and Modules o Packages o BEGIN and END Routines o require vs. use o Modules o The bless Function Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming in Perl [email protected] Call us: 08790059362 Page 9

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What is Object-Oriented? Why Use Object-Oriented Programming? Classes, Objects, and Methods in Perl Inheritance, the "is-a" Relationship Containment, the "has-a" Relationship Overloaded Operators Destructors Binary Data Structures o Variable-Length (Delimited) Fields o Variable vs. Fixed o Handling Binary Data o The pack Function o The unpack Function o The read Function o C Data Structures Multitasking with Perl o What are single and multitasking? o UNIX Multitasking Concepts o Process Creation with fork o Program Loading with exec o File Descriptor Inheritance o How UNIX Opens Files o One-Way Data Flow - Pipes o Example o Final Result - Page Viewing Sockets Programming in Perl o Clients and Servers o Ports and Services o Berkeley Sockets o Data Structures of the Sockets API o Socket System Calls o Generic Client/Server Models o A Client/Server Example o A Little Web Server Introduction to DBI/DBD o The Old Way - DBPerls o A Better Way - DBI/DBD o Database Programming o Handles o Connecting to the Database o Creating a SQL Query o Getting the Results [email protected] Call us: 08790059362 Page 10

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Updating Database Data Transaction Management Finishing Up DBI/DBD SQL Programming o Error Checking in DBI o Getting Connected o Drivers o Using Parameterized Statements o Statement Handle Attributes o Other Handle Attributes o Column Binding o The do Method o BLOBs and LONGs and Such o Installing DBI Drivers Conclusion

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UNIX SYSTEM PROGRAMMING

* Introduction * Input and Output - Facilities and Concepts - Low level I/O; read, write, open, close - The standard I/O library - File status and fcntl - File locking; advisory and mandatory - Standard I/P and O/P; getchar and putchar - Devices and the ioctl call - Scatter/Gather and asynchronous I/O - Directories management * Processes - Description of a process, creation with fork - Running programs with exec - Command line arguments and environment variables

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- Waiting for processes, altering process attributes/priorities - Real and effective users * Threads - Creation, termination, scheduling - Thread synchronization, mutexes and condition variables * Pipes - Description, creation, use for process communication - Pipes and the standard I/P and O/P, the dup system call, FIFO's * Signals and Events - Normal usage, catching, use as a communications method - Managing signals and signal sets - Interval timers * IPC - Message Queues, Shared memory, Semaphores

* Device Driver Basics - Principles, construction, dynamic & static linking - Entry points, support routines, system semaphores

C Programming for Embedded System AN INTRODUCTION TO C C BASIC DATA TYPES

Integer types Floating point types Pointers (pointer arithmetic, pointer derefencing) Arrays The relationship between arrays and pointers Enums

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PROGRAMMING CONSTRUCTS

if - else statements switch statements while loops and do - while loops for loops go to statements

FUNCTIONS IN C

Function prototypes Understanding C's call by value mechanism for passing arguments Implementing functions Calling functions Using pointers to pass values by reference Passing arrays to functions Understanding C's return value mechanism Using pointers to return values by reference Function Pointer Variable length Arguments

STRING HANDLING

Passing Strings to Functions String Handling Standard String Functions Character Classes Available Character Classes Letter Case Converting a String to a Number Converting a Number to a String String Input

DATA STRUCTURES

Defining data structures Accessing and manipulating the elements of a data structure Pointers to data structures The arrow (->) operator Using a pointer to traverse an array of data structures [email protected] Call us: 08790059362 Page 13

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ADVANCED TOPICS

Pointers to pointers Function pointers Const and static keywords - their meanings and uses Casts and casting Using void * pointers Data structures containing pointers to data structures Data structures containing function pointers Function pointers and table driven programming Bit fields in data structures Unions Using arrays to implement circular buffers and stacks Modules as data structures and interfaces Dynamic data structures and their uses o Singly linked lists

Doubly linked lists

OVERVIEW OF THE C STANDARD LIBRARY

putc, putchar, getc, getchar printf, scanf String manipulation functions ( strcpy, strcat, ... )

EMBEDDED SYSTEM ORIENTED TOPICS

Setting up port addresses Defining bit oriented data structures Compiler specific features o #pragmas o Non ANSII C extensions o Accessing and manipulating special function registers o Implementing interrupt handlers o Calling assembly code from C o Calling C from assembly code Linkers and linker scripts Understanding target peripheral device libraries and their uses Implementing your own device libraries Timers and their uses

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Hardware timers Software timers

ADVANCED USE OF THE PREPROCESSOR

Parametric Macros Problems with Macros Macros and Scope Macros and Precedence Testing Assertions Stringification Assertions with Side Effects Token Pasting When to Use Parametric Macros

THE PREPROCESSOR AND MULTIPLE-FILE PROGRAMS

Overview Standard Headers The Preprocessor The #define Directive Large Programs Deciding How to Split a Program Sharing Declarations Using Header Files Writing a Header File Conditional Compilation Module-Private Functions Module-Private Variables Function-Private Variables Public Module Variables When to Use Global Variables

BUILDING SOFTWARE WITH MAKE

Introduction Different Versions of Make A Simple Project Software Building Concepts Targets and Prerequisites in Make [email protected] Call us: 08790059362 Page 15

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Building an Object File with Make Pattern Rule Variables Building an Executable with Make Rebuilding When Prerequisites Change Default Rules Substitution References Implicit Rules Configuring Implicit Rules Adding More Rules Advanced Features

BIT MANIPULATION

Objectives Introduction Bit Twiddling Operators Bit Shifting Portable Bit Manipulation Print Bit Representations Example Bit Manipulation Summary

LINUX DEVICE DRIVERS

Linux Device Drivers Driver Types Device Number Driver Initialization Module Load/Unload Providing Module Parameters Open and Release Functions Read and Write Write Reading from Device Read Code Task let and Bottom Half Code Interrupt and Task let Code

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DEBUGGING: GDB
GDB commands Running programs under GDB Stopping and continuing Examining the stack Examining source files Examining data Examining the symbol table Altering execution

Testing tools and applications: Simulators, CVS, BugZilla, Wire shark, Clear case, clear quest, remedy, Test director,JIRA e Tc

ADVANCED REAL TIME CONCEPTS FOR MANUAL & AUTOMATION TESTING

Real Time Project: Layer 1, Layer 2, Layer 3 Functionality Implementation. Test Cases Writing . Test script Writing. Test Cases Execution.

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