Friis Transmission Formula Explained PDF
Friis Transmission Formula Explained PDF
Friis Transmission Formula Explained PDF
t
=
where G is the gain of the antenna, and is the wavelength.
For an isotropic antenna, G=1, and the power received is:
2
4
e
G
A
t
= For any antenna:
The maximum power that can be delivered to a matched load
by a receiving antenna, P
r
, is given by P
r
=SA
e
, where A
e
is the
Effective Aperture of the receiving antenna.
Friis Transmission Formula: assumes both transmitting and
receiving antennas are isotropic
3
Expressing Friis in Decibels Expressing Friis in Decibels
since =c/f, where c is the speed of
light (3 x 10
5
km/s)
2
2
(4 )
t
r
Pc
P
Rf t
=
10 4
2 2 6 2 2 2
(9 10 ) 5.6993 10
(4 ) ( 10 )
t r
km MHz t MHz km
P P
R f P f R t
= =
| |
=
|
\ .
=
Free-space gain in dB
Including the Effects of Antenna Including the Effects of Antenna
Gains Gains
Free-Space Channel Model
Signal
from
XMTR
(dBm)
XMTR
Antenna
gain (dBi)
Free-Space
Gain
(dB)
RCVR
Antenna
gain (dBi)
Received
Power
(dBm)
4
Example Problem Example Problem
A ground-based communication system transmits to a geo-
synchronous satellite located 41935 km from the transmitter
at a frequency of 1 GHz The gain of the ground-based
antenna is 25 dBi, and the satellite antenna has a gain of
15 dBi.
Assuming free-space propagation path loss, what must be
the transmitter power in Watts to produce 5V
RMS
at the
output of the satellite antenna? Assume that the satellite
antenna is matched to 50O.
Example Problem Solution Example Problem Solution
?
+25 dBi
+15 dBi
-185 dB
32.44 20log(1000) 20log(41935) 185 = =
-93 dBm
( )
2
6
2
13
13
5 10
5 10
50
5 10
10log 93
0.001
RECEIVED
dBm
V
P
R
P dBm
= = =
= =
93 ? 25 185 15 ? 52 or 158.5 Watts dBm = + + =