LIFE NATURE 2002

CONSERVATION ACTIONS FOR GYPAETUS BARBATUS AND BIODIVERSITY IN CRETE

Ref. No.: LIFE02/NAT/GR/8492

REPORT ON:

EVALUATION REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF VULTURE POPULATIONS
Authors:
Dr Michalis Probonas, Public Awareness Coordinator, N.H.M.C. Dr Stavros Xirouchakis, Scientific Coordinator, N.H.M.C.

NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF CRETE UNIVERSITY OF CRETE

EUROPEAN COMMISSION DG ENVIRONMENT

REGION OF CRETE FORESTRY DEPARTMENT

DECEMBER 2005

CONTENTS
PAGE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. INTRODUCTION PROGRAMME OF THE CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE LECTURES AND POSTERS OF THE CONFERENCE CONCLUSIONS OF THE CONFERENCE 1 1 5 5 16 20 35

APPENDIX A: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS APPENDIX B: PHOTOGRAPHS FROM THE CONFERENCE

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE: CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF VULTURE POPULATIONS

1. Introduction

The environmental organisation WWF Greece and the Natural History Museum of the University of Crete (N.H.M.C.) have jointly organised the International Conference on the Conservation and Management of Vulture Populations, which took place at the conference facilities of Hotel Makedonia Palace, in Thessaloniki, Greece, during the period 14-16 November 2005. The conference was organised in the framework of the LIFE-NATURE projects that each of the aforementioned organisers is implementing (Protection of Birds of Prey in the Dadia Forest Reserve [LIFE02NAT/GR/8497] and Conservation Actions for Gypaetus barbatus and Biodiversity in Crete [LIFE02NAT/GR/8492], respectively), and was co-funded by the European Commission. The primary aim of this conference was to attempt an evaluation of the up-to-date research and management work on the European vulture species and how this work has contributed to their conservation. The secondary aim was to provide researchers and conservationists from South-eastern Europe a first-rate opportunity to benefit from sharing experiences on know-how and practical management tools that will greatly facilitate their scientific and conservation work. A relevant posters exhibition took also place during the 3-days conference, with more than twenty (20) posters being presented there. In addition, the 5th Annual Meeting of the European Griffon Vulture Working Group (EGVWG) was organised in the framework of the conference, since most members of the EGVWG actually participated in the conference. The aforementioned event took place on Wednesday, 16 November 2005, in the morning (09.30-13.30). After the end of the conference, an excursion to the National Park of Dadia Lefkimi Soufli Forest was organised, with great participation (16-19/11/2005).

2.

Programme of the Conference

The programme of the conference was divided in the following seven sessions: 1. Monitoring Systems. 2. Artificial Feeding. 3. Habitat Modelling. 4. Population Dynamics. 5. Reintroduction Projects. 6. Conservation Genetics. 7. LIFE Projects: Specific Studies. At the end of each days session an extended discussion occurred, while at the end of the conference a thorough discussion took place among participants and a text with the final conclusions was produced. 1

The final programme of the conference can be seen hereafter. DATE TIME LECTURES MONDAY, 14/11/2005
REGISTRATION OPENING SPEECHES The Design and Implementation of Telemetry Studies: Applications in Vulture Species Dr. OFER BAHAT, Department of Environmental Science and Chemistry, University of Indianapolis, Mar-Elias Campus, Ibillin, Israel Possibilities and Limitations of Biotelemetry and Radiotracking Techniques in Vultures Species Dr. RALF BOEGEL, EGVWG, Germany Effect of Monitoring Frequency and Date on Estimates of Abundance and Productivity of Colonial Black Vultures in Spain JAVIER DE LA PUENTE, SEO/BirdLife, Spain COFFEE BREAK Supplementary Feeding Programs: How necessary are they for the maintenance of numerous and healthy vultures populations Prof. STEVEN PIPER, Ornithological Support Service, South Africa Food Exploitation by Griffon Vultures: The effect of vulture restaurants in Spain ALVARO CAMIA, ACRENA, Spain DISCUSSION Ecological Requirements of Reintroduced Species and the Implications for Release Policy: The case of the Bearded Vulture Dr. RAPHAL ARLETTAZ, University of Bern, Switzerland Modelling Vulture Habitats in the Caucasus MICHAEL McGRADY, Natural Research, Ltd., Austria Habitat Modelling for Black Vulture Aegypius monachus L. in Cabaeros National Park JOS JIMNEZ GARCA-HERRERA, Director of Cabaeros National Park, Spain Habitat Modelling of the Bearded Vulture: Feasibility study for the Andalucian reintroduction project JOS M. PADIAL, Fundacin Gypaetus, Spain Dynamic of Restored Populations of Griffon Vultures in Southern France Dr. FRANCOIS SARRAZIN, Lab. Conservation des Espces, Restauration et Suivi des Populations, France Population Viability Analysis of Eurasian Griffon in Croatia GORDANA PAVOKOVIC, Eco-center Caput InsulaeBeli, Croatia DISCUSSION

MORNING
SESSION: MONITORING SYSTEMS 08:30-09:30 09:30-10:30 10:30-10:50

10:50-11:10

11:10-11:30

SESSION: ARTIFICIAL FEEDING

11:30-12:00 12:00-12:30

12:30-12:50

12:50-14:00

AFTERNOON
SESSION: HABITAT MODELLING 16:00-16:20

16:20-16:40 16:40-17:00

17:00-17:20

SESSION: POPULATION DYNAMICS

17:20-17:40

17:40-18:00

18:00-19:00

DATE

TIME MORNING

LECTURES TUESDAY, 15/11/2005

Reintroduction Programmes for Vultures Prof. DAVID C. HOUSTON, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Glasgow University, UK Long-Term Reintroduction Projects of Griffon and Black Vultures in France MICHEL TERRASSE, Ligue Franaise pour la Protection des Oiseaux, France Actions for the Reintroduction of the Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) in Andalusia SERGIO COUTO, Fundacin Gypaetus, Spain The Status of Griffon Vulture in Italy FULVIO GENERO, Riserva Naturale del Lago di Cornino, Italy COFFEE BREAK Genetics of restored populations of Griffon Vulture in France and Europe PASCALINE LE GOUAR, Research Unity of Species Conservation, Restoration and Monitoring of Populations (MNHN/CNRS/UPMC), Paris, France Using Microsatellite Markers to Infer the Genetic Structure of Aegypius monachus (Aves: Accipitridae) ARIS PARMAKELIS, University of Crete Natural History Museum of Crete, Greece The Genetic Structure of the Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) Population in Crete ARIS PARMAKELIS, University of Crete Natural History Museum of Crete, Greece DISCUSSION Radio-Telemetry of a Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) Population in the Dadia National Park and Adjacent Regions: Methodology and Preliminary Results DIMITRIS VASILAKIS, WWF Greece-Dadia Project, Greece Discrimination of the Sex in the Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus Using Morphometric Techniques JAVIER ELORRIAGA, WWF Greece-Dadia Project, Greece Impact of Wind Farms on Birds in Evros and Rhodopi, Greece: Preliminary results CARLOS RUIZ, WWF Greece-Dadia Project, Greece Evaluation of the Use of Mini-Cameras in Nest Monitoring of the Bearded Vulture in Crete COSTAS GRIVAS, University of Crete Natural History Museum of Crete, Greece DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS

SESSION: REINTRODUCTION PROJECTS

09:30-10:00

10:00-10:20

10:20-10:40

10:40-11:00 11:00-11:45 11:45-12:05

SESSION: CONSERVATION GENETICS

12:05-12:25

12:25-12:45

12:45-14:00

AFTERNOON
SESSION: LIFE PROJECTS: SPECIFIC STUDIES 16:00-16:20

16:20-16:40

16:40-17:00

17:00-17:20

17:20-18:30

WEDNESDAY, 16/11/2005 MORNING

09:30-13:30 16:00

5th Annual Meeting of the European Griffon Vulture Working Group (EGVWG) Departure for the excursion to National Park of Dadia-LefkimiSoufli Forest, Evros Prefecture

The final programme of the excursion to the National Park of Dadia Lefkimi Soufli Forest (Prefecture of Evros) was the following:

Programme of the Excursion in Dadia

Wednesday, 16/11/2005
16:00 21:00 21:30 Depart from Thessaloniki. Arrival in Ticheros village at Hotel Thrassa. Dinner at the restaurant of the Ecotouristic Centre of Tichero (5 min walk from the hotel).

Thursday, 17/11/2005
08:30-11:00 11:00-11:30 11:30-14:00 Departure from the hotel to the Ecotouristic Centre of Dadias village and visit to the Observatory. Coffee break in the Ecotouristic Centre of Dadia. Guided tour to the Forest with a little trekking through some characteristic nesting sites of the Black Vulture and with a panoramic view of the National Park. Meal in the Women Association, Gerakines, which is placed into the forest. Return to the hotel and relaxing. Presentation of organizers (video shows) concerning the actions of the two LIFE Projects of Crete and Dadia and discussion at the coffee room of the hotel. Dinner in a tavern at the village of Lefkimi.

14:00-16:00 16:00-17:30 17:30-20:00

20:00 08:30-09:00 09:00-09:45 09:45-14:00 14:00-16:00 16:00-18:00 18:00-20:30

Friday, 18/11/2005
Departure to Evros Delta and visit to the Information Centre at the village of Loutra. Slide presentation and guiding around the Information Centre by the staff of the National Park of Evros Delta. Guided tour inside the area of Evros Delta (by mini-bus and/or boats) Meal at the restaurant of Women Cooperation of Loutra. Return in the hotel and relaxing. Visit to the Information Centre of Dadia videos or DVDs shows from other regions with vultures, according to the available material from participants. Dinner in the Ecotouristic Centre of Dadia.

20:30

Saturday, 19/11/2005
Departure of participants.

3.

Participants of the International Conference

At the International Conference on the Conservation and Management of Vulture Populations participated in total 125 persons 36 foreigners and 89 Greeks. The invited speakers were 21 most of them from Europe, but also invited speakers came from South Africa, Israel and Croatia. On behalf of the Natural History Museum of Crete, the following persons participated: Dr Michalis Probonas, Dr Stavros Xirouchakis, Mr Costas Grivas and Mr Aris Parmakelis. The first two persons (i.e. M. Probonas and S. Xirouchakis) participated as organisers and co-chairs of different sessions of the conference, while the last two persons (i.e. C. Grivas and A. Parmakelis) as invited speakers. The list of participants, divided in 3 categories invited speakers, foreigners and Greek participants can be overviewed in Appendix A.

4.

Lectures and Posters of the Conference

The main arguments and data of the lectures can be overviewed hereafter: Dr. OFER BAHAT: The Design and Implementation of Telemetry Studies: Applications in Vulture Species Radio telemetry is a common tool in the study and conservation of birds of prey since the early 1970s. Vultures are distinguished carcass eating birds, and certain species are obligatory scavengers. Consequently, this unique diet, which is based on unpredictable food, results in foraging over extremely large areas. As a result, tracking vultures with the use of conventional radio-telemetry may be extremely difficult. One major obstacle in radio tagging vultures is their capture and recapture, which needs special expertise and experience to avoid damage or extensive stress to the birds. Nevertheless, radio-telemetry is a very important technique to collect various data as part of vulture studies or management and conservation programs. The radio-tracking project should be designed first to answer the biological questions or the aims of the management scheme. Secondly, it should meet the requirements of conservation and give information for management policies and activities when needed. A basic type of information obtained by radio-tracking vultures is their presence at a certain geographical area or site. Physiological data on vultures are also obtained by using radio-telemetry, mostly by implanting temperature and heart-rate measuring transmitters. Important considerations related to vultures radio-tracking are the weight of a transmitter and harness and its possible effect on the wing loading of a species, and the tag shape, the extra drag it produces and its effect on the flight efficiency. This should be carefully examined, mostly when tagging relatively small sized vulture species. Dr. RALF BOEGEL: Possibilities and Limitations of Biotelemetry and Radio-tracking Techniques in Vultures Species The presentation was focused on the possibilities and limitation of telemetry techniques available nowadays. A strong focus was on the applicability under field conditions and the suitability for monitoring of Vulture species. All methodological aspects like adequate transmitter fixation, biotelemetry and radio-tracking procedures, 5

and data viewing and analyses are covered and discussed in the context of the scientific questions to be addressed. Techniques such as VHF technologies, optional sensors, satellite tracking (including ARGOS and GPS-based location approaches) were presented. JAVIER DE LA PUENTE: Effect of Monitoring Frequency and Date on Estimates of Abundance and Productivity of Colonial Black Vultures in Spain The set-up of a census to obtain a size of population and reproductive data for a particular species is considered a fundamental part of the basic information for its conservation. The Black Vulture is a threatened species throughout most of its range in Europe, its monitoring varying temporally and geographically within areas. Nevertheless, the design of the censuses for the species (number of visits, dates, etc.) has been based on the opinion of experts but without adequate, correctly analysed information to back it up. In this work, detailed information about the monitoring of a large colony that contains 5% of the Spanish population was presented, and used to obtain population estimates, breeding data and correction factors. Therefore, information obtained over eight years on the laying date, hatching, fledging and breeding failure has been used. Also, in order to analyse the detectability of pairs in the colony and chicks in the nests, a group of 89 pairs (73 breeding and 16 nonbreeding) was monitored in subsequent years 2004 and 2005 every fortnight from the start of February until the end of September. All the relevant results were analysed and discussed. Prof. STEVEN PIPER: Supplementary Feeding Programs: How necessary are they for the maintenance of numerous and healthy vultures populations Supplementary feeding programmes (also called vulture restaurants) to ensure the survival of healthy and viable vulture populations have been motivated and employed for nearly 40 years. These programmes have been motivated using one or more of seven main arguments: vulture restaurants may provide extra food, which would not otherwise be made available; additional food supplements (e.g. calcium in bone fragments) can be made available; a vulture restaurant can be located in a safe place; poison-free food can be provided at a vulture restaurant; vulture restaurants are important tools for raising awareness among farmers and landowners; vulture restaurants can be a useful eco-tourism tool; and vulture restaurants can be used to attract birds to a safe area and so prevent them from going into areas dangerous to them. On the other hand, conservationists have suggested that there are 13 disadvantages associated with vulture restaurants: vultures can become habituated and so loose their ability to forage naturally; the operators of vulture restaurants often loose their initial enthusiasm and the supplementary feeding programme is discontinued; maintaining a regular food supply can be problematic; vulture restaurant can attract problem animals (i.e. carnivores feared by stock farmers); unfenced vulture restaurants can be a source of osteophagy among domestic stock, especially cattle; among some stock farmers there is a fear that vulture restaurants could be a place where disease is spread; vulture restaurants may be established for financial gain (for eco-tourism) and this may attract criticism from animal rights groups; vultures may be attracted to stock drinking troughs near a vulture restaurant and when they foul them this causes annoyance; vulture restaurants placed too close to power-lines may cause

vultures to be killed; carcasses may contain poisons (e.g. lead, sodium diclofenac etc.); too many visitors at a vulture restaurant can cause disturbance; an over-supply, or a continuous supply, can lead to a build up of non-target species, e.g. ravens; and vulture restaurants are regarded as unnatural. All the aforementioned factors were discussed in depth during the presentation. ALVARO CAMIA: Food Exploitation by Griffon Vultures: The effect of vulture restaurants in Spain The use of existing feeding sites (muladares), mainly by the Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) and other carrion eating birds, has been analysed in a vast area from Northern Spain, the Mountains of Sistema Ibrico that extends over more than 200 km wide. GLM models considering the amount of food available at the feeding site, numbers and ages of vultures present, distances to colonies, presence of other species and climatic variables were developed. The analysis also considered livestock density and forest cover on the estimated colony foraging range. The model explained a 65.23% of the variance. Number of immatures, the distance to the colony and the average colony size on a 15 km radius around the muladar were the only considered variables. The overall number of griffons attending changed throughout the year (months) with a peak in June and lower use in January. Juveniles started appearing just after fledgling in July with higher numbers during August and September. Adult birds rarely increased above the 50% of the birds present. Immatures were scarce during laying and incubation periods (January-April) but greatly increased in May. Some feeding sites were not used from November to April with great amounts of carcasses accumulated without being consumed. On the other side a feeding site in Central-southern Spain revealed that large amount of juveniles gathered there for wintering with a lower use by breeding birds. This could suggest different strategies on food exploitation according to different food sources available (intensive vs. extensive farming). Dr. RAPHAL ARLETTAZ: Ecological Requirements of Reintroduced Species and the Implications for Release Policy: The case of the Bearded Vulture Species undergoing reintroduction offer a unique opportunity for clarifying their specific niche requirements because they are likely, if sufficiently mobile, to colonize the most suitable habitats first. Information drawn from the individuals released first might thus be essential for optimising species policy as reintroductions proceed. Bearded vultures were extirpated from the European Alps about a century ago. An international reintroduction programme using birds reared in captivity was launched in 1986; up to 2003, 121 individuals had been released at four different locations. Subsequent dispersion throughout the range has been far from homogeneous, resulting in a clumped occurrence of the first breeding pairs within three main zones that do not necessarily coincide with release areas. In order to discern ecological requirements, a geographical information system (GIS) analysis of bearded vulture sightings collected in Valais (Swiss Alps) from 1987 to 2001 was performed. This area harbours no release site, is situated in the core of the Alpine range and has been visited by birds from all four release points. During the prospecting phase (198794, mostly immature birds), the most important variable explaining bearded vulture distribution was ibex biomass. During the settling phase (19952001), the presence of birds (mostly

maturing subadults) correlated essentially with limestone substrates, while food abundance became secondary. The selection of craggy limestone zones by maturing bearded vultures might reflect nesting sites that are well protected against adverse weather, as egg laying takes place in the winter. Limestone landscapes, in contrast to silicate substrates, also provide essential finely structured screes that are used for bone breaking and temporary food storage, particularly during chick rearing. Finally, limestone substrates provide the best thermal conditions for soaring. Extrapolated to the whole Alpine range, these findings might explain both the current distribution of the subadult / adult population and the absence of breeding records for bearded vultures around release sites in landscapes dominated by silicate substrates. As reintroduced bearded vultures tend to be philopatric, we suggest that population restoration would be more efficient if releases were concentrated within large limestone massifs. This case study of the bearded vulture illustrates the need for continual adaptive management in captive release programmes. MICHAEL McGRADY: Modelling Vulture Habitats in the Caucasus Nest-site selection was examined by comparing habitat variables at nest-sites occupied by vultures with those at potential but unoccupied sites. Identification of potential nest-sites was based on the cover they offered from climatic adversity, direct human approach, and predation. Predictive models of nesting site selection were estimated using the logistic regression procedure. The probability of bearded vulture occupancy of a cliff ledge that was safe from climatic adversity, direct human approach, and predation was negatively correlated with road network density, and positively correlated with elevation, area steepness, percentage of open areas, number of wild goats, and annual biomass of dead livestock. The probability of a safe cliff ledge being occupied by griffon vulture was negatively correlated with annual rainfall, and positively correlated with the percentage of open areas and annual biomass of dead livestock. As for cinereous vulture, the best model suggested that in Georgia a 20 x 20-m plot was more likely to contain a cinereous vulture nest if the slope was > 30o and faced north rather than south, was situated in rugged terrain away from unprotected and populated areas and was relatively dry. The study of habitat variables influencing the response of griffon, cinereous and bearded vultures to carcass appearance showed that cinereous vultures were the first to arrive at a carcass, followed by griffon vultures, then bearded vultures. The probability that all three species would land and eat a carcass was positively correlated with the extent of visibility around the carcass, and negatively correlated with road network density. Besides, the probability that bearded vultures would feed at a carcass was positively correlated with area steepness around the carcass. The smaller the carcass and farther from the nearest populated area and bearded vulture nest, the sooner bearded vultures fed at it. The probability that griffon vultures would feed at a carcass was positively correlated with proximity to populated areas, area steepness and the percentage of open areas. The larger the carcass and farther from the nearest point of roads, the sooner griffon vultures fed at it. The probability that cinereous vultures would feed at a carcass was negatively correlated with annual rainfall, and positively correlated with the percentage of open areas. The farther from the nearest populated area the carcass was, the sooner cinereous vultures fed at it.

JOS JIMNEZ GARCA-HERRERA: Habitat Modelling for Black Vulture Aegypius monachus L. in Cabaeros National Park The evolution of the black vulture in the Cabaeros National Park (CNP) was reviewed. The number of breeding pairs increased from 62 in 1988 to 144 in 2004, not considering those couples that nested outside CNP. Their distribution and spatial evolution have been analysed by applying geographical information systems (GIS) descriptor techniques and also statistical techniques. With these results, a modelling of the regional breeding habitat was performed. What we conclude with these results is that a possible increment of the population inside the Park would mean necessarily an increment in the nest density, and not easily of the nesting areas. The explanation given is that according to the model, the total potential area is already occupied. We employ the statistical modelling as an interface to raise the specie conservation, discussing about which are the predictor variables that we can manage efficiently, considering their contribution to the variable response and the real possibility of managing them as well. JOS M. PADIAL: Habitat Modelling of the Bearded Vulture: Feasibility study for the Andalucian reintroduction project Suitable Andalusian breeding sites were modelled through a GLM resulted of the analysis of the Pyrenean population. The model selected four variables: altitude, topographic irregularity, distance to village and distance to the nearest neighbouring breeding pair. We tested the model by adding new nest sites in a different geographical context without including distance to neighbouring pairs because we tried to determine environmental variables only. The model was considered valid since it predicted the 70% of the new breeding sites with a probability >0.5 (among these, 80% was selected with a probability >0.7). GIS (Arcview and IDRISI) were used to obtain digital models for Andalusia. We overlapped the coverage of probability (0.8) and slope (>50), hence areas not included simultaneously by both received null value. The result was a map that included exclusively those cliffs with the highest probabilities to be selected. The areas coincided with the main mountain ranges of South and East Andalusia. Among these, we selected protected areas with probed historical presence only. Thus, eight protected areas, all of them also included in the proposal of Important Communitarian Sites and declared Zones of Special Protection of Birds, were considered potentially suitable for reintroduction programs. These areas were then surveyed for evaluating their feasibility for the reintroduction. Dr. FRANCOIS SARRAZIN: Dynamic of Restored Populations of Griffon Vultures in Southern France The restoration of Griffon vulture populations has been particularly efficient in Southern France where a natural population in the Pyrenees (Ossau Valley) and five reintroduction programmes (Causses, Navacelles, Baronnies, Verdon and Vercors) have been monitored over the last decades. This monitoring based on marked individuals and breeding pairs allowed us to understand the demographic processes underlying this restoration. Survival, reproduction and dispersal were estimated in an integrated and comparative approach to assess the natural dynamics of Griffon vulture populations, the short and long term effects of reintroductions on these dynamics and

their likely regulation through density dependence. Feather or blood samples were collected on more than 850 wild born or released individuals to allow molecular sexing. These samples were combined with biometric measurement. Survival analyses involved combination of capture-mark-resightings and recoveries in multistate models to account for ring losses. Breeding parameters were estimated in each population through regular monitoring during the breeding season and GLM analyses. Dispersal was studied using both genetic and demographic approaches. Population dynamics were investigated using structured population models. GORDANA PAVOKOVIC: Population Viability Analysis of Eurasian Griffon in Croatia Vortex, a simulation-modelling programme was used as a tool to explore the effects of deterministic forces as well as demographic, environmental stochastic events on Eurasian Griffon population in Croatia. Model was assessed based on data from field surveys preformed monthly (from 1995 to 2004) on the Island of Cres and other Kvarner islands and on data on resightings and recoveries of marked/ringed birds (from 1990 to 2003). Simulation of Vortex is a heuristic tool; it is projecting stochastically the interactions of the many parameters that enter into the model and because of the random processes involved in nature. This population model includes variability in survival for four age classes, reproductive rates, demographic stochasticity, carrying capacity, and effects of changes in mortality and reproduction. Population model was subjected to basic scenario, using the most realistic data, and five different scenarios that examined catastrophes, out of which two scenarios were examined in two versions, with frequencies of catastrophic events of 10% and 30%. The risk of population decline within the next 25 and 50 years was assessed. The model appeared to make reasonable predictions for the Griffon vulture population. Generally, the simulation results show that the risk of extinction greatly depends on the survival rate, reductions in the population growth rate and frequencies of catastrophes. Prof. DAVID C. HOUSTON: Reintroduction Programmes for Vultures In recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the role that reintroduction programmes can play in species conservation. Some of the best examples of successful bird reintroductions come from vulture projects. There may be fundamental features of the biology of these scavenging birds that make them particularly suitable for this management technique. IUCN has developed international recommendations on the procedures that should be followed before any species reintroduction programmes are planned. These will be reviewed in relation to their relevance for vulture projects. Fortunately there is considerable data from the reintroduction programmes for the California Condor in America and the European Griffon and Bearded Vulture in Europe, and these allow us to consider which are the most important factors to consider if reintroductions are likely to succeed. It is becoming apparent that the major challenge is probably in the selection of suitable release sites, and the management of birds once released. Vultures have extremely extensive foraging behaviour. This can expose them to a wide range of environmental hazards, and if these are not fully understood can lead to a low probability of self-supporting populations becoming established. The mortality agents acting on vulture populations are often quite unexpected, and extremely difficult to predict. Detailed monitoring of

10

released birds is not only essential in order to identify the hazards that may face released birds, but also gives essential information for the conservation of wild populations. The role of supplementary feeding of released birds is also badly in need of more serious study. There are obvious advantages to this technique, but there may also be serious disadvantages if it prevents the development of natural normal foraging behaviour in released birds. MICHEL TERRASSE: Long-Term Reintroduction Projects of Griffon and Black Vultures in France After 40 years of intensive conservation work to prevent destruction (shooting and poisoning), to improve habitat quality, to educate the general public and to secure the availability of food for the birds, the situation of the four vulture species (Gyps fulvus, Aegypius monachus, Neophron percnopterus and Gypaetus barbatus), shows an overall positive trend in France. Since the 1970s, but particularly from 1981, a reintroduction programme began in the south of Massif Central (Grands Causses) for the Griffon vultures. To help the return of this species to its former breeding territories, other similar programmes started in the 1990s in the Southern Alps. The success of all these programmes encouraged us to go further and to prepare the reintroduction of the Black vulture, extinct from these regions since the end of the 19th century. SERGIO COUTO: Actions for the Reintroduction of the Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) in Andalusia The European Life project "04NAT/ES/000056" has the goal of establishing a viable population of the endangered bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) in Southern Spain, where this species inhabited until the Eighties. All actions will be the result of the multiple join efforts that Andalusian Regional Government and Gypaetus Foundation have been developing since 1996. Current partners of the Life are Andalusian Hunting Federation, the Andalusian Environmental Ministry and the Small Farmers and Stockbreeders Association. The project has five main working lines (following IUCN guidelines) that should allow this reintroduction: (1) assessment of habitat feasibility; (2) captive breeding; (3) removal or control of past and present dangers for the species survival (i.e. illegal poisoning, power lines, illegal hunting); (4) environmental education; (5) release of exemplars and restoration of the population. Poisoning and power lines are major threats for the survival of these specimens. Power lines have been studied to propose management measures. Moreover, the war against poisoning is now very intense in Andalusia. The Andalusian Environmental Ministry together with the Gypaetus Foundation is now working on 61 actions against poisoning. The most relevant are: analysis the distribution of poisoning activities; control of the distribution of chemical substances used as poison; search for poison bats by trained dogs; fine and application of disciplinary measures for illegal activities. FULVIO GENERO: The Status of Griffon Vulture in Italy The Griffon is extinct in most of Italy. From 1900 onwards the only nesting population was confined to Sardinia and roughly 100-150 individuals frequented the eastern Alps during the summer months. In the past its distribution was much wider and covered almost all mountainous areas of Sicily and Sardinia. It was said to nest in

11

Alpine areas until the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, while its presence in the Apennines is testified in historic documents and seems probable on the basis of the species ecological and faunistic requirements but not beyond the 17th century. The general decline in the species can be attributed to human persecution, use of poisoned baits and modernisation of stock-rearing and veterinary practices. There are five or six ongoing conservation projects in Italy. In the eastern Alps a conservation project was started at the end of the 1990s with the aim of consolidating the species presence in the Alps and creating nesting colonies. Between 1992 and 1999 a total of 60 individuals were released with the first nesting in 1996. The colony exercised considerable attraction for birds summering in the Alps and their numbers have since increased to reach a level of 50 to 60 individuals present at any time. The current population is roughly 15 pairs, with 60 individuals present during winter and 100 during summer that frequent a wide area that includes the Austrian and Slovene Alps. The reintroduction projects in the Apennines (the Nature Reserve of Mount Velino), in Sicily and in the Pollino National Park were also presented. PASCALINE LE GOUAR: Genetics of restored populations of Griffon Vulture in France and Europe Demographic and genetic studies were run to assess and understand the success of reintroduction programmes for Griffon Vultures in South France. The lecture was focused on the genetic of these restored populations. The aims of genetic restoration are to preserve evolutionary potential of species. It requires to diagnose the genetic status of remnant populations and to consider genetics in both pre-release and postrelease phases to optimise reintroduction success. Moreover, the long term post release genetic monitoring of reintroduced population allows improving our knowledge of species biology. Using ten microsatellite markers, the genetic diversity and structure of three native colonies (French Pyrenees, Israel and Croatia) that are spatially fragmented around the Mediterranean basin was investigated. The genetic characteristics of three founder groups of reintroduction programs in French Alps and one settled reintroduced colony in France (Causses) was then assessed. The results of the genetic analysis were discussed more thoroughly. ARIS PARMAKELIS: Using Microsatellite Markers to Infer the Genetic Structure of Aegypius monachus (Aves: Accipitridae) Considering the severe decline that populations of the Black vulture (Aegypius monachus) have experienced during the last century, we employ nuclear molecular markers (microsatellites) in an attempt to investigate the population status and the current genetic diversity for most of the species populations. Samples were collected from 6 different countries representing most of the species distribution and genotyped for 8 microsatellite loci originally developed for 2 other vulture species. Results indicate that most of the analysed populations departed from HW equilibrium as a result of significant heterozygote deficiency. Genetic differentiation between pairs of populations was statistically significant for most of the analysed populations. We obtained medium to high Fst values that correspond to the geographic distances of the populations under study. Patterns of population structure were investigated using a Bayesian clustering approach that revealed the uppermost hierarchical level of population structure while subsequent analyses of the defined subsets allowed finding

12

the within-group genetic structure. Further investigation of these populations is required in order to draw any conclusions about future conservation practices. ARIS PARMAKELIS: The Genetic Structure of the Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) Population in Crete European populations of bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) have experienced a severe decline during the last century. The study was an attempt to investigate the population status and the current genetic diversity of the population in Crete. Fifteen samples from Crete population were molecularly sexed and genotyped for eight microsatellite loci. The results indicate that the Cretan population is divided into two subpopulations. Bayesian approach identifies the two populations clearly and exact tests showed significant differentiation between them. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed with the use of Neighbour Joining method with genetic distances DAS and Dc. We obtained medium to high Fst values between the populations that indicate a low gene flow between them. DIMITRIS VASILAKIS: Radio-Telemetry of a Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) Population in the Dadia National Park and Adjacent Regions: Methodology and Preliminary Results The Eurasian Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) is listed as globally near-threatened and considered as rare in Europe and endangered in Greece. Greece is the only Balkan country holding a breeding population, located in the Dadia National Park (DNP). The conservation of this population is one of the central subjects of interest in the Park management. All conservation efforts so far were focused on the protection of the species breeding habitat, the supplementary feeding and the public awareness. An understanding of the active range use and movement patterns that have been developed by this population could be essential for its future management and conservation in a larger scale. Catering to this need a telemetry project has been applied in the DNP and the adjacent regions. Twelve vultures were trapped outside the breeding season, (7 in 2003, 4 in 2004, and 1 in 2005), using a walk-in cage and transmitters were attached to them as backpacks using a Teflon ribbon harness. This project aimed at facilitating the management and the conservation of the species by: a) determining home range size; b) revealing range use patterns; c) identifying areas of special importance; and d) identifying causes of mortality. JAVIER ELORRIAGA: Discrimination of the Sex in the Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus Using Morphometric Techniques Sex identification of birds is essential as base of ecological research and conservation. The development of molecular techniques based on DNA analyses allows researchers to identify the sex of birds in a highly accurate way. Nevertheless, molecular sexing requires a considerable economical inversion on laboratories and frequently a long time of waiting between sampling and sex determination. Many ornithological studies require a field technique for immediate sex identification. In many bird species, techniques for in-hand sex determination based on the species biometry have been proposed. Although the existence of slight reversed size dimorphism among European vultures is nowadays accepted, different authors consider that sexual-size differences in the Cinereous Vulture are not significant due to the high degree of

13

overlap in the analysed measurements. However, the available data on this subject are scarce. The biometry of Cinereous Vultures from Dadia National Park (Greece) was studied, focusing on sex-related differences in order to develop a reliable technique for sex determination in the field. The study was based on a sample of 32 free-living Cinereous Vultures from which 16 biometric measurements (variables) were collected. CARLOS RUIZ: Impact of Wind Farms on Birds in Evros and Rhodopi, Greece: Preliminary results According to European policy, the wind farms are a promising alternative energy sources. The wind farms can be considered as green energy but in some cases, especially in areas where protected species of fauna occurs, some problems can be arisen. In this study the impact of two wind farms in raptor community in northeastern Greece was presented. The study area is located in Evros and Rhodopi prefecture, close to the last breeding colony of Eurasian Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) in the Balkans (National Park of Dadia-Soufli-Lefkimi). The main objective was to determine the impacts of these wind farms on the raptor population, focused in: (1) death of birds through collision with the turbines; (2) evaluation of risky behaviour and risk factors; (3) changes in the use of the habitat and evaluation of habitat loss due to the wind farms, and (4) propose measurements to reduce the impacts once the risk factors are detected. The data has been collected include species, number, sex, age, type and height of flight and activity from all observed raptors. Additionally if the birds had been observed close to the turbines or crossing the row, some other variables has been collected, like the closest turbine, the distance to the turbine, etc. The results of this study cover breeding season, during summer and autumn 2004. COSTAS GRIVAS: Evaluation of the Use of Mini-Cameras in Nest Monitoring of the Bearded Vulture in Crete During the implementation of Project LIFE NATURE 2002 Conservation Actions for Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) and Biodiversity in Crete [LIFE02/NAT/GR/8492], Action D on recurring biotope management, included the intense and systematic monitoring of two active Bearded Vulture nests, with the use of a mini-camera and microphone system. The collection of detailed data on cainism, could lead at a second stage in the rescue of the second chick from a problematic nest and the establishment of breeding pairs in captivity, for the future restocking of the Cretan population. One of the systems was disassembled because of the pairs inactivity and the monitoring project was continued with the other nest for three consecutive breeding periods. Except of the chick extraction, the monitoring system had several other targets, including the estimation of the exact period for supplement food provision, the proper time for marking/radio tagging the chick, provide early warning for any possible health issues (poisoning symptoms, thin eggshells, nest predation etc.), determine seasonal food availability (foraging sorties) and collect other breeding data (nest building, clutch size, nest relieves, food delivery rate, nest defense etc.), which could prove crucial information for the conservation of the species. Finally, some of the video material could be implemented in the public awareness campaign. The systems set up was towards the optimum possible automation, so to spare resources. Evaluation of the system was based on the number of recording days during the breeding period. Furthermore, the non-recording days

14

were analysed according to technical causes, so to give an evaluation of their importance in the total lost time. These technical problems had to be solved before the system functioned adequately in the third year, although some of the flaws, e.g. power supply in the nest area, remained as a disadvantage of the general conception.

In parallel with the organisation of the different sessions of the conference, a special hall of Hotel Makedonia Palace was dedicated to posters presentation. Participants have applied beforehand to present sixteen (16) posters; however, more than twenty posters were finally presented during the 3-days conference. The list of the posters presented during the conference follows: Ivaylo Angelov, Dimitar Demerdjiev & Stoycho Stoychev: Use of Carcasses from Wolf Kills by Griffon Vultures in Eastern Rhodopes, Bulgaria. lvaro Camia, Eugenio Montelo & David Martn: Decline of the Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) in La Rioja (Northern Spain). lvaro Camia & Eugenio Montelo: The Diclofenac: Could a Vulture crisis happen in Europe?. lvaro Camia & Eugenio Montelo: Food Shortages for the Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) in Los Monegros (Ebro Valley, Aragon Region). Savvas Iezekiel & Haris Nicolaou: Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) Artificial Reproduction. Saa Marinkovi, Ljilja Orlandi & Branko Karai: The Census of Vulture Aegypiinae in Herzegovina Before Balkan Civil Conflict. Javier de la Puente & Javier Gamonal: Age Determination of Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) Pulli in the Nest. N.L. Richards, K.S. Scott, S. Hall & N. Harrison: Detection of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in the Hair of Livestock Animals and in the Feathers of Scavenging Birds of Prey. S.M. Satheesan & Khan Shamshad: Vulture Paradise in the Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, India. Stefan Schindler, Dimitris Vasilakis & Kostas Poirazidis: Error Assessment of a Telemetry System for Eurasian Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) in the National Park of Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli Forest, Greece. L. Sidiropoulos, P. Konstantinou, P. Azmanis & R. Tsiakiris: Presence of Vultures and Other Carrion Eating Birds in the Artificial Feeding Site, on Mt Pinovo, Aridea, N. Greece. Kalliopi Stara & Rigas Tsiakiris: Vultures in Modern Greek Folk History and Legend. Emilian Stoynov: FWFF Activities for Reintroduction of the Griffon Vultures and Creating Suitable Conditions for the Carrion Eating Birds in Bulgaria. Mart Surroca, Juan Jimnez & Alvaro Camia: Monitoring of the Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) in Eastern Spain (Castellon Province). Elif Yamac, C. Can Bilgin & A. Yavuz Kilic: Nest and Nest Tree Characteristics of Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus L. in the Turkmenbaba Mountain, Northwest Turkey. Massimiliano Di Vittorio: Reintroduction of the Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus in Nebrodi Regional Park, Sicily.

15

All the abstracts of the lectures and posters were included in a special edition Book of Abstracts which was delivered to all participants.

5.

Conclusions of the Conference

The conclusions of the conference were compiled by: Theodora Skartsi, Forest Scientist, Coordinator of Dadias Project (WWF Greece), Dr Stavros Xirouchakis, Biologist, Scientific Coordinator of LIFE02NAT/GR/8492 Project (Natural History Museum of Crete N.H.M.C.), and Dr Giorgos Catsadorakis, Biologist, Scientific Advisor of WWF Greece. According to the compilers of the conferences conclusions, it was a very difficult task to elaborate the presentations of this conference and draw the most important conclusions, as there were many interesting talks on crucial issues on vulture ecology and conservation. What follows is not a resolution, but rather an arbitrary selection of the major points of all the presentations. As no specific criteria were used for their selection, they are subject to the compilers perception and biases. A number of presentations were of a review character, thus by definition they contained a lot of conclusions expressed in a very dense manner. It was not aim of the compilers to repeat them. It was also apparent that some more practical factors have influenced more the compilers choice. For example, according to the compilers, for people like us, whose English is not their native language, the convenience of producing relatively short and clear phrases has undoubtedly affected the final outcome. In addition, some interesting points were actually avoided, because of the complexity to express them in just a few lines. The main conclusions of the conference were the following:

Monitoring Systems:
A multitude of radio-tracking techniques and relevant equipment (antenna, transmitters, activity and mortality sensors etc.) is at present available to scientists that study vultures. Each technique posses specific advantages and disadvantages. In nay case, it is of paramount importance to pay special attention to the wellbeing and behaviour of the radio-tagged birds due to transmitters weight and type of attachment. Normally no significant drag should be added on the bird flight performance because of a tag, which should weigh less that 2% of the birds body weight. The technique widely used in the vast majority of vulture telemetry projects has been backpack harnesses and ground VHF tracking from vehicles or vantage points. The backpacks have proved relatively safe for the birds and quite successful in data collection. VHF telemetry has been widely used in assessing species presence / absence in a given study area, home ranges, juvenile dispersal, mortality rates as well as behavioural patterns. Major limitation is the lack of continuous tracking of the tagged individuals. Satellite tracking with GPS transmitters is the best, in terms of accuracy, and most cost effective technique that is presently available for vulture studies. However, convectional VHF tracking will remain as a suitable technique for small-scale projects. 16

In any telemetry study a number of questions must be set and evaluated properly before undertaking fieldwork. Radio tracking must be the only appropriate method for meeting our research goals, when no other alternative one exists. The sample size is crucial as well time and budgetary limitations.

Artificial Feeding:
Contrary to what was and still is a widespread concern, there is no evidence that vultures habituate to vulture restaurants as they continue to forage widely. There is no evidence that vulture restaurants are responsible for the spread of diseases. A very careful examination and assessment of the local ecological conditions and human practices is needed before a supplementary feeding scheme is launched in an area. Before the establishment of a vulture restaurant emphasis must be given to specific features in relation to our goals through its functioning (e.g. light vs. heavy restaurants, frequency of food provision, type of carcasses, etc.). Vulture restaurants must primarily aim to vulture conservation rather than financial gain. Food quality is a problem that has yet to be resolved in a manner fulfilling the legal and hygienic prerequisites prevailing in each country. The ultimate aim is the provision of clean food namely carcasses free of dangerous materials such as agrochemicals, antibiotics, veterinary drugs, etc. Additionally more research is needed on the impact of these substances on the species breeding performance and their populations. There is still some confusion within EU countries regarding the legal framework pertaining to the conditions that must be fulfilled for the provision of carcasses to vulture restaurants. The implementation of the Decision 830/2005 amending the Decision 322/2003 towards the development of specific national regulations in each member state is urgently needed. A network of vulture restaurants with the direct involvement of many farmers, of both light and heavy food provision patterns, is probably a good compromise to ensure viability of vulture populations in agricultural landscapes.

Population Monitoring:
A multitude of methods for monitoring vulture populations has been carried out over many different areas. Each method has its pros and cons. In order to choose the best that fits to the areas specific conditions one has to accurately formulate certain scientific questions and be aware beforehand of the exact technical characteristics of each method and the relevant cost. There is ample experience on the use of each method, which should not be left unexploited. In surveys comprising of field visits and direct observations for assessing breeding performance and the nesting phenology of vultures, the frequency and timing of visits influences decisively the accuracy of the data collected due to a decreasing detectability of the birds. Generally, fewer visits underestimate the number of breeding pairs and overestimate productivity and breeding success. The establishment of comprehensible standards, so that data originated from different areas or years could be readily compared, is of high priority.

17

Habitat Modelling:
Habitat modelling based upon spatial analyses using the potential of recent GIS technology is an improved tool in comparison to the past. However researchers should plan their studies in such a way that their results are biologically meaningful and easily applicable to conservation actions already in progress or incorporated in the future in management decisions.

Reintroduction Projects:
Vultures species are indicated for reintroduction programs since a breeding stock can be easily created due to their low metabolic rate and good breeding performance in captivity. Food availability is easy to estimate in potential areas for reintroduction meanwhile birds forage in groups and do not need to be taught special predatory techniques. The age of released individuals plays an important role for the evolution and the success of any reintroduction project. Breeding stocks must be genetically close to native ones as much as possible. In addition to inbreeding depression, attention must be paid also to out breeding depression, which might pose problems to the success of introduced populations. Many scientists believe that genetic problems seem to be of much less concern in reintroduction projects in comparison to other ecological / environmental problems that these populations might face. Although it is apparently very difficult to determine the outcome of a reintroduction project, great attention must be given to habitat suitability, risk assessment and public awareness. Most scientists seem to support the idea that the more birds are released in the shortest possible time period the more successful a reintroduction project will be. Unless subsequent satisfactory monitoring scheme can be secured, no reintroductions should be attempted.

Population Dynamics:
A serious effort must be made for an international cooperation in order to shed light on the movement and population interactions of the Griffon Vulture in Europe and around the Mediterranean. The dispersal patterns of the species seem to be much more complicated than it was initially thought. Networks such as EGVWG set out for such reasons could serve much towards that direction. Despite the great demographic decline, the genetic diversity of Griffon Vultures seems to be preserved among native colonies around the Mediterranean basin.

Conservation Genetics:
All Griffon Vulture colonies in the Mediterranean region seem to form one genetic entity and should be considered as one management unit. There is no evidence so far for extra pair paternity in Griffon Vulture populations. Regarding the results of the recent genetic studies of the Black Vulture in Eurasia it is crucial that much more samples should be collected from different regions between Spain and Mongolia. The Bearded Vulture in Crete has low levels of genetic variability. However more research is needed in order to assess the impact of inbreeding depression on its population.

18

LIFE Projects Specific Studies:

Wind-farms may pose serious problems for vultures and other soaring birds. Before the establishment of a new wind-farm, it is crucial to gather and analyse all available data on habitat use by the vultures and these to be taken into consideration for the exact placement of the turbines. Monitoring of bird populations after the instalment of windmills is also essential in order to assess their impact on vulture populations. Photos from the conference can be overviewed in Appendix B.

19

APPENDIX

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

20

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON: CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF VULTURE POPULATIONS THESSALONIKI, GREECE, 14-16/11/2005
A. INVITED SPEAKERS
A/A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

NAME
McGrady Mike Terrasse Michel Sarrazin Francois Le Gouar Pascaline Garca-Herrera Jos Jimnez De la Puente Nilsson Javier Camia Alvaro

ORGANISATION
Natural Research, Ltd., AUSTRIA Ligue Francaise pour la Protection des Oiseaux, FRANCE Lab.Conservation des especes, Restauration et Suivi des Populations UMR5173 MNHN-CNRS-UPMC, FRANCE Lab.Conservation des especes, Restauration et Suivi des Populations UMR5173 MNHN-CNRS-UPMC, FRANCE Pargue Nacional de Cabaeros, SPAIN SEO / BirdLife, SPAIN ACRENA, SPAIN

TELEPHONE
+43 2732 72028 +33 1 47826311 +33 1 40795761 +33 1 40793835 +33 1 40795764 +33 1 40793835 926783297 926783484 +34 914340911 +34 677446297 +34 607737907

E-MAIL
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

21

A/A
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

NAME
Arlettaz Raphael Boegel Ralf Pavokovic Gordana Houston David Piper Steven Bahat Ofer Genero Fulvio Couto Sergio Padial Fregenal Jose Manuel Parmakelis ris lorriaga Javier Vasilakis Dimitris Ruiz Gonzalez Carlos Grivas Kostas

ORGANISATION
University of Bern, Dept. of Conservation Biology, SWITZERLAND EGVWG, AUSTRIA Eco-Center Caput Insulae-Beli, CROATIA Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK Ornithological Support Services, SOUTH AFRICA University of Indianapolis, Mav-Elias Campus, Ibbilin, ISRAEL Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, ITALY Gypaetus Foundation, SPAIN Fundacion Gypaetus, SPAIN Natural History Museum of the University of Crete, GREECE WWF Greece Dadia Project, GREECE WWF Greece Dadia Project, GREECE WWF Greece Dadia Project, GREECE Natural History Museum of the University of Crete, GREECE

TELEPHONE
+41 31 631 31 61 +41 31 6314535 +49 7728 6469991 +385 91 562 6363 +44 14 13304775 +27 (0)33 7011741 +972-46293186 +972-528911615 +39 73696369 +34 953220062 +34-95220062 +30 2810 393282 +30 22540 32293 +30 6945926817 +30 25540 32210 +30 2810 393281

E-MAIL
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected],serg [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

22

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON: CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF VULTURE POPULATIONS THESSALONIKI, GREECE, 14-16/11/2005
B. FOREIGN PARTICIPANTS
A/A
1 2 3

NAME
Rolevski Dimitar Lisichanets Emanuel Stoyanov Georgi Petrov

ORGANISATION
Agency of Environment, Ministry of Environment & Physical Planning Wild Flora and Fauna FundFYROM Birds of Prey Protection Society Birds of Prey Protection Society

ADDRESS
Drezdenska 52, 1000 Skopje, FYROM Mosa Pijade 29/1, 1430 Kavadarci, FYROM 40, Vasil Levski Blvd., Sofia 1000, BULGARIA 40, Vasil Levski Blvd., Sofia, 1000, BULGARIA

E-MAIL /TELEPHONE
[email protected] Tel. +389 2 3066 930 ext. 122, Fax: +389 2 3066 931 [email protected] Tel. 00389 7 5541080 [email protected] (office) [email protected] (private) Tel. 00359 2 963 40 37 Private: 0035928552567 Office: [email protected] Private: [email protected] Tel. office: 00359 2 9634037 Tel private: 00359 2 9289451 [email protected] Tel. 00359 73 881440 [email protected] Tel. 00359 887036083

Domuschiev Dobromir

5 6

Stoynov Emilian Angelov Ivaylo

Fund for the Wild FLORA & 2700 Blagoevgrad, P.O. Box 78, FAUNA BULGARIA BSPB / BirdLife Bulgaria Sliven, Balgarka, 29-A-18, BULGARIA

23

A/A
7 8 9 10 11 12

NAME
Kurtev Marin Stoychev Stoycho Avramov Stefan Yamac Elif Osipova Maria Ngaio Richards

ORGANISATION
BSPB / BirdLife Bulgaria GEF Rhodope Project Bulgarian Biodiversity Foundation Anadolu University Scientific Centre for Nature Conservation, Ministry of Environmental Protection Anglia Ruskin University

ADDRESS
Madjarovo, Nature Conservation Center, BULGARIA P.O. Box 130 Haskovo 6300 BULGARIA Sofia, Stedna gora 75 Str., Sofia 1303, BULGARIA Anadolu University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, 26470, Eskisehir, TURKIYE 1, Timiriazevska Street, Kiev 01014, UKRAINE Department of Forensic Science and Chemistry Anglia RuskinUniversityEast Road Cambridge, ENGLAND CB1 1PT 3 Santo Cristo, 23770 MarmolejoJaen, SPAIN Moshav ManofMisgav 20184 ISRAEL 972-4-9998605 Via al Pero, CH-6852 Genestrerio, SWITZERLAND via Valdinacca 3, I-21014 Laveno, ITALY

E-MAIL /TELEPHONE
[email protected] [email protected] Tel. 00359 36164255 [email protected] Tel. +359 2 9209975, Fax: +359 2 9209975 Tel. +90.222.3350580/5702 Fax. +90.222.3204910 [email protected] Tel. (+38044) 285-35-72 Fax: (+38044) 285-35-72 [email protected] Tel. +44 1223 363271 Extension 2126 Fax: +44 1223 417711 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Tel. 0041 91 646 32 02 [email protected] Tel. 0039 0332 66 99 11 Mobile: 00390332668714 Fax. 0039 338 6699463

13 14 15 16

Diaz Portero Miguel Angel Choresh Yael Lardelli Roberto Scandolara Chiara

EGMASA, Cinereus Vulture Programe in Andalucia

24

A/A
17 18

NAME
Marinkovic Sasa Bermejo Bermejo Ana

ORGANISATION
Institute for Biological Research SEO / BirdLife

ADDRESS
Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Beograd, Srbija I Crna Gora, SERBIA & MONTENEGRO C/ Melquiades Biencinto 34, E28053 Mardid, SPAIN

E-MAIL /TELEPHONE
[email protected] Tel. +381 11 207-8352 Fax. +381 11 2761-433 [email protected] Tel. +34 914340910

25

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON: CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF VULTURE POPULATIONS THESSALONIKI, GREECE, 14-16/11/2005
C. GREEK PARTICIPANTS
A/A
1 2

NAME
Carr Jonathan Miltiadou Michael

ORGANISATION
Athens News BirdLife Cyprus

ADDRESS
11, 11742 P.O. Box 28076, 2090 Nicosia Cyprus 12, 54352 / . 46, 55134 4, , / 10, 19400

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

E-mail: [email protected] : 6945 610023 E-mail: [email protected] . 00357 22 455072 Fax 00357 22 455073 : 00357 99 340457 E-mail: [email protected] : 6942016116 . 2310 409344 Fax 2310 475656 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 412601 : 6942503968 E-mail: [email protected] : 6942979195

3 4 5 6

..., / . &

26

A/A
7 8

NAME

ORGANISATION
/ . LIFE ASTRALE ..., / (),

ADDRESS
. 46, 55134 14, 106 80

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

. 2310 409335 E-mail: [email protected] . 210 3610088 Fax 210 3620285 : 6945 233050 E-mail: [email protected] : 6972 772940 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 212323 Fax 2310 212323 E-mail: [email protected] . 22510 28605 Fax 22510 21624 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 252530 Fax 2310 272190 E-mail: [email protected] . 22410 43681 Fax 22410 63188 : 6945 556266 E-mail: [email protected] Fax 00357 22 781419 : 00357 99 417909 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 461341 Fax 2310 461341

9 10 11 12 13

4, , / 5, 54636 / 79, 81100 . 5, 54621 / / 20, 85 100

14 15

10, , , , 57 006 /

27

A/A
16 17 18 19 20

NAME

ORGANISATION
/ . ..., ,

ADDRESS
10, 81100 37, 54639 / 8, 83100 ..., 11, 54627 /

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

E-mail: [email protected] . 22510 46568, Fax 22510 46568 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 850302, Fax 2310 850302 : 6932 139065 E-mail: [email protected] . 22730 24923 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 994523 & 994536 : 6979 313883 E-mail: [email protected] . 23840 75599 Fax 23840 75077 : 6948 503402 E-mail: [email protected] : 6974 073404 E-mail: [email protected] . 26530 41071 : 6973670643 . 210 9023746 Fax 210 9023746 . 23320 25525 Fax 23320 52426 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 252530, Fax 2310 272190 E-mail: [email protected] . 6972604848

21 22 23 24 25 26

WWF LIFE ASTRALE

47-49, . , 6, , .. 45500 13, 16452 . 22, . 5, 54621 / 11, 30100

28

A/A
27 28 29

NAME

ORGANISATION

ADDRESS

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

E-mail: [email protected] . 210 3816007 E-mail: [email protected] Fax 00357 22 781419 : 00357 99 698767 E-mail: [email protected] . 24620 76405 Fax 24620 76323 : 6973 922223 E-mail: [email protected] . 24210 26271 Fax 2410 39162 / 39163 E-mail: [email protected] : 6944 589558 E-mail: [email protected] . 2810 314840 Fax 2810 314580 . 28210 92287 Fax 28210 91295 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 419581 Fax 2310 419581 : 6997 292595
E-mail: [email protected]

. 146, 11473 () , , 1414 , / / , , 51100 1, 38333 11, 30100 .. 15, ,

30 31 32 33

, / / ...

34

5, , 55131 / 37, 11361

35

Astrale GEIE Prospect C&S

. 210 8627541, Fax 210 3620285 6972 323205

29

A/A
36 37 38 39 40 41

NAME

ORGANISATION
..., /, &

ADDRESS
. 20, 71405 , 18, / , 36080 , .. 45500 146-148, 11472 & , . . & . ., , . , 38446 , , , .. 45500 8, 54623 /

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

: 6944 699550 E-mail: [email protected] : 6974872216 . 22370 51540 Fax 22370 51540 E-mail: [email protected] . 26510 77448, Fax 26510 77448 E-mail: [email protected] : 6944 386212 E-mail: [email protected] . 24210 93274 Fax 24210 93274

42

...,

E-mail: [email protected] : 6946 800953

43 44

E-mail: [email protected] . 26510 77448, Fax 26510 77448 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 244245, Fax 2310 244245 : 6937 168116

30

A/A
45

NAME

ORGANISATION
/ , CITES () ...

ADDRESS
. 46, 55134 .. 2208, 71409

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 409474 Fax 2310 475656 E-mail: [email protected] . 2810 393265 & 393281 Fax 2810 324366 : 6974 737121 . 2310 530585 E-mail: [email protected] . 25910 23144 Fax 25910 47009 : 6932 576008 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] : 6976 682620 . 2310 935317 . 22370 22946 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 744934 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 477128 Fax 2310 473863 : 6976 868795 . 24310 70409 : 6946 056324

46

47 48

Jerrentrup Hans

45,

49 50 51 52 53 54

Hallmann Ben

/ . .. 237, 73110 , .. 40008 ..., / . 67, 54352 / . , . 3, 56123 173, 55134 5, 42100

55

...

31

A/A
56

NAME

ORGANISATION
...

ADDRESS
. 2, 56334 1, 54635 1, 54635 . 5, 54621 /

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 707150 Fax 2310 757130 : 6945 052649 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 270460 : 6947 231154 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 272897 : 6972 617712 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 252530 Fax 2310 272190 : 6999 915200 . 2310 314001 : 6974 454297 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 859744 : 6978 256877 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 812742 E-mail: [email protected] : : 6947 794591 E-mail: [email protected] . 26560 42297 . 2810 314840 : 6976 796738

57 58 59

... ...

60 61 62 63 64 65 66

.-

... ... ... ... ... /

40, 54249 . 52, 14, 15, . 52,

32

A/A
67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78

NAME

ORGANISATION

ADDRESS
1, , 9, 54624 4, . , 5, . 19, 8, . 29, 10, 54639 . 60, , 56727 . 9, , 4, 7, 54636

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

. 2310 213101 E-mail: [email protected] : 6937 415234 E-mail: [email protected] : 6948 871548 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 237741 : 6947 950038 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 916603 : 6997 215949 E-mail: [email protected] : 6993 934626 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 201104 : 6947 937723 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 992721, Fax 2310 825854 : 6936 932439 . 2310 611196 : 6945 233519 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 205088 : 6976 066723 : 6947 942823 E-mail: [email protected] : 6936 587057

... / ..., ..., ..., ..., ..., ... ... ... ...

33

A/A
79 80 81 82 83

NAME

ORGANISATION
... / , ... ... / 100,3 -

ADDRESS
32, 54638 . 16 & , 54645 30, .. 55, . 3, , 154, 1

E-MAIL / TEL. FAX

E-mail: [email protected] : 6976 652278 : 6977 949633 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 854671 : 6997 218230 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 244101 Fax 2310 244105 : 6972 056556 E-mail: [email protected] . 2310 263654 Fax 2310 226497 : 6944 671370 E-mail: [email protected] : 6974 315559

84

4,

85

. ,

34

APPENDIX B

PHOTOGRAPHS FROM THE CONFERENCE

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