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Review your answers, feedback, and question scores below. An asterisk (*) indicates a correct answer. Mid Term Exam Semester 1 Part II

1. There are 12 distinct JOB_IDs in the EMPLOYEES table. You need to write some PL.SQL code to fetch and display all the employees with a specific JOB_ID. The chosen JOB_ID can be different each time the code is executed. What is the best way to do this? Mark for Review (1) Points Write 12 separate PL/SQL blocks, each declaring a cursor with a different JOB_ID in the WHERE clause. Write a single PL/SQL block which declares 12 cursors, one for each distinct value of JOB_ID. Write a single PL/SQL block which declares one cursor using a parameter for the JOB_ID. (*) Write a single PL/SQL block which uses a cursor to fetch all the employee rows, with an IF statement to decide which of the fetched rows to display. Correct 2. What is one of the advantages of using parameters with a cursor? Mark for Review (1) Points You You You can can do use a cursor the to FOR loop. FOR the UPDATE. cursor at all.

declare not need

cursor DECLARE

You can use a single cursor to fetch a different set of rows each time the cursor is opened. (*)
It will execute much faster than a cursor without parameters.

Correct 3. What will be the value of v_result after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1) := NULL; v_result VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN

CASE

v_grade 'A' THEN v_result := 'Very Good'; 'F' THEN v_result := 'Poor'; v_result := 'In Between';

WHEN WHEN ELSE END; END; Mark for

(1) Points Poor

Review

In Between (*) Null Very Good

Correct 4. What will be the value of variable c after the following code is executed? DECLARE a BOOLEAN := TRUE; b BOOLEAN := FALSE; c NUMBER; BEGIN c := CASE WHEN a AND b THEN 10 WHEN NOT a THEN 20 WHEN a OR b THEN 30 ELSE 40 END; END; Mark (1) 30 20 40 10 Correct 5. You want to assign a value to v_result which depends on the value of v_grade: if v_grade = 'A' set v_result to 'Very Good' and so on. DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1); v_result VARCHAR2(10); for Points (*) Review

BEGIN v_result := CASE v_grade The next line should be Mark for (1) Points Review

WHEN v_grade = 'A' THEN 'Very Good' WHEN 'A' THEN 'Very Good'; WHEN 'A' THEN v_result := 'Very Good'; WHEN 'A' THEN 'Very Good' (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.

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6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a CASE statement? Mark for Review (1) Points It ends with END CASE;

It can be a complete PL/SQL block It returns a value (*) It evaluates a condition and performs an action

Correct 7. What will be the value of v_sal_desc after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_salary NUMBER(6,2) := NULL; v_sal_desc VARCHAR2(10);

BEGIN CASE

WHEN v_salary < 10000 THEN v_sal_desc := 'Low Paid'; WHEN v_salary >= 10000 THEN v_sal_desc := 'High Paid'; END CASE; END; Mark for Review (1) Points High Paid Low Paid Null The code will fail to and return 4. an exception (*)

Incorrect.

Refer

Section

8. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM employees FOR UPDATE; c_rec c%ROWTYPE; BEGIN OPEN c; FOR i IN 1..20 LOOP FETCH c INTO c_rec; IF i = 6 THEN UPDATE employees SET first_name = 'Joe' WHERE CURRENT OF c; END IF; END LOOP; CLOSE c; END; Which employee row or rows will be updated when this block is executed? Mark for Review (1) Points The first 6 fetched rows will be updated.

No rows will be updated because you locked the rows when the cursor was opened. The 6th fetched row will be updated. (*)

The block will not compile because the cursor should have been declared .... FOR UPDATE WAIT 5; None of the above.

Correct
9. Consider the following cursor:

CURSOR

IS

SELECT e.last_name, e.salary, d.department_name FROM employees e JOIN departments d USING(department_id) WHERE e.last_name='Smith' FOR UPDATE; When the cursor is opened and rows are fetched, what is locked? Mark for Review (1) Points The whole EMPLOYEES table is locked.

In the EMPLOYEES table, only the 'Smith' rows are locked. Nothing in the DEPARTMENTS table is locked. Each 'Smith' row is locked and Smith's matching rows in DEPARTMENTS are locked. No other rows are locked in either table. (*) The whole
is

EMPLOYEES
locked

and

DEPARTMENTS
the cursor

tables
not

are

locked.
with NOWAIT.

Nothing

because

was

declared

Incorrect.

Refer

to

Section

5.

10. User MARY has locked a row of the EMPLOYEES table. Now, user SAEED tries to open the following cursor: CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM employees FOR UPDATE WAIT 5; What will happen when SAEED's session tries to fetch the row that MARY has locked? Mark for Review (1) Points SAEED's session successfully fetches the first 5 rows and then waits indefinitely to fetch the 6th row. SAEED's session waits for 5 seconds, and then raises an exception if MARY has not unlocked the row. (*) SAEED's session waits for 5 seconds, then SAEED is disconnected from the database. SAEED's session waits for 5 seconds, then MARY's session is rolled back. SAEED's session waits for 5 minutes, and then raises an exception if MARY has not unlocked the row. Incorrect. Refer to Section 5.

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11. Examine the following code fragment: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT first_name, last_name FROM employees; v_emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; BEGIN ... FETCH emp_curs INTO v_emp_rec; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(... Point A ...); ... To display the fetched last name, what should you code at Point A? Mark for Review (1) Points v_emp_rec.last_name (*) v_emp_rec(last_name) v_emp_rec last_name None of the above

Correct 12. The following cursor has been declared: CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT first_name, last_name, job_id, FROM employees;

salary

Which of the following correctly declares a composite record with the same structure as the cursor? Mark for Review (1) Points emp_rec emp_rec%ROWTYPE; emp_rec emp_curs%TYPE; emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; (*)

emp_rec

cursor%ROWTYPE; Refer to Section 5.

Incorrect.

13. The employees table contains 11 columns. The following block declares a cursor and a record based on the cursor: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT * FROM employees; v_emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; A twelfth column is now added to the employees table. Which of the following statements is true? Mark for Review (1) Points
The declaration of emp_rec must be changed to add an extra field.

The block will still work correctly without any changes to the PL/SQL code. (*)
The block will fail and an INVALID_CURSOR exception will be raised.

An extra scalar variable must be declared to correspond to the twelfth table column. Correct 14. Which of the following cursor attributes evaluates to TRUE if the cursor is open? Mark for Review (1) Points
%ISOPEN (*) %NOTFOUND %FOUND %ROWCOUNT

Correct 15. The DEPARTMENTS table contains four columns. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR dept_curs IS SELECT * FROM departments; v_dept_rec dept_curs%ROWTYPE; BEGIN OPEN dept_curs; FETCH dept_curs INTO v_dept_rec;

... Which one of the following statements is true?

Mark for (1) Points

Review
contains the first four rows of the departments table.

v_dept_rec

The FETCH will fail because the structure of v_dept_rec does not match the structure of the cursor.
v_dept_rec
The block

contains
will fail

the

first
the

row

of

the
of

departments
v_dept_rec

table.
is

(*)

because

declaration

invalid.

Correct

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16. Assume that you have declared a cursor called C_EMP. Which of the following statements about C_EMP is correct? (Choose two.) Mark for Review (1) Points (Choose You You can can all use correct answers) to exit a loop. (*) to FALSE.

c_emp%NOTFOUND rows when

fetch

c_emp%ISOPEN

evaluates

You can use c_emp%ROWCOUNT to return the number of rows returned by the cursor so far. (*) You can use c_emp%FOUND after the cursor is closed.

Correct 17. Which of the following is a good reason to declare and use multiple cursors in a single PL/SQL block? Mark for Review

(1)

Points Multiple cursors improve performance. They are faster than using a

single cursor. Multiple cursors use less memory than a single cursor.

Multiple cursors allow us to fetch rows from two or more related tables without using a JOIN. (*)
Multiple cursors are the only way to use cursors with parameters.

Multiple cursors can be opened many times, while a single cursor can be opened only once. Correct 18. What is wrong with the following code? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs(p_dept_id NUMBER) IS SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = p_dept_id; BEGIN FOR dept_rec IN (SELECT * FROM departments) LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_rec.department_name); FOR emp_rec IN emp_curs(dept_rec.department_id) LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp_rec.last_name); END LOOP; END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points
The DEPARTMENTS cursor must be declared with a parameter. You cannot use a cursor with a subquery in nested loops.
You cannot use two different kinds of loop in a single PL/SQL block.

EMP_CURS should not be DECLAREd explicitly; it should be coded as a subquery in a cursor FOR loop. Nothing is wrong. The block will execute successfully and display all departments and the employees in those departments. (*) Correct
19. You want to display each row from the DEPARTMENTS table, and immediately underneath it, a list of all EMPLOYEES in that department. Which of the following is a good way to do this? Mark for Review (1) Points

Use a single cursor, declared as SELECT * FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;

Use two cursors, one for each of the two tables. Declare the EMPLOYEES cursor with a parameter for the DEPARTMENT_ID. (*) Write a SELECT statement which JOINs the two tables, and use CONNECT BY PRIOR and LEVEL to display the rows in the correct order. Use a single cursor with a cursor FOR loop.

Change the physical model so that all employee and department data is in a single table. Correct 20. Which kind of loop is this? v_count := 1; LOOP v_count := v_count + 1; EXIT WHEN i > 20; END LOOP; Mark for Review
(1) Points FOR loop IF-THEN loop Basic loop (*) WHILE loop CASE loop

Correct

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21. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1;

LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter=5; END LOOP; v_counter := v_counter + 1; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points

5 6 1

This

is

an

infinite

loop;

the

loop

will

never

finish.

(*)

Incorrect.

Refer

to

Section

4.

22. Examine the following block: DECLARE v_counter PLS_INTEGER := 1; BEGIN LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_counter); v_counter := v_counter + 1; EXIT WHEN v_counter = 5; END LOOP; END; What is the last value of V_COUNTER that is displayed? Mark for Review (1) Points 5 6 4 (*) is an infinite Refer to loop; the 4. loop will never finish.

This

Incorrect.

Section

23. The EXIT statement can be located anywhere inside a basic loop. True or False? Mark for Review (1) Points
True (*) False

Correct

24. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1; LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter = 5; v_counter := v_counter + 1; END LOOP; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points 5 (*)
6 1

This

is

an

infinite Refer to

loop;

the 4.

loop

will

never

finish.

Incorrect.

Section

25. In the following code fragment, you want to exit from the outer loop at Line A if v_number = 6. Which statement would you write on Line A? <<big_loop>> WHILE condition_1 LOOP <<small_loop>> FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); -- Line A END LOOP; END LOOP; Mark IF for Review = 6 THEN EXIT; (1) Points v_number

EXIT outer_loop WHEN v_number = 6; EXIT big_loop WHEN v_number = 6; (*) EXIT small_loop WHEN v_number = 6; Correct

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26. Examine the following code: DECLARE v_outer_count NUMBER := 1; v_inner_count NUMBER := 1; BEGIN LOOP LOOP v_inner_count := v_inner_count + 1; EXIT WHEN v_inner_count > 5; -- Line A END LOOP; v_outer_count := v_outer_count + 1; EXIT WHEN v_outer_count > 3; END LOOP; END; What happens at Line A when the value of V_INNER_COUNT equals 6? Mark for Review (1) Points
Both loops are exited and the block's execution is terminated.

The inner loop is exited but the outer loop continues execution. (*) The outer loop is exited but the inner loop continues execution. An error condition is returned.

Correct 27. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN OPEN emp_curs; FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; CLOSE emp_curs; FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; END; Mark (1) (*)
The

for Points

Review
will fail and an INVALID_CURSOR exception will be raised.

block

The The
The

first first
block

employee two
will

row

will rows

be will

fetched be

twice.

employee
fail and a

fetched.
will be raised.

TOO_MANY_ROWS

exception

Incorrect.

Refer

to

Section

5.

28. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_salary); CLOSE emp_curs; END; Mark for Review (1) Points The first employee's salary will be fetched and displayed. All employees' salaries will be fetched and displayed. The execution will fail and an error message will be displayed. (*) The lowest salary value will be fetched and displayed. Correct 29. The employees table contains 20 rows. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT job_id FROM employees; v_job_id employees.job_id%TYPE; BEGIN OPEN emp_curs; LOOP FETCH emp_curs INTO v_job_id; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_job_id); EXIT WHEN emp_curs%NOTFOUND; END LOOP; CLOSE emp_curs; END; Mark 20
The

for

Review will
fail

(1) Points job_ids

block will

be
and

displayed.
an error message will be displayed.

21 rows of output will be displayed; the first job_id will be displayed twice. 21 rows of output will be displayed; the last job_id will be displayed twice. (*) Correct 30. Which of these constructs can be used to fetch multiple rows from a cursor's active set? Mark for Review (1) Points A An CASE IF statement .... ELSE statement

A basic loop which includes FETCH and EXIT WHEN statements (*) A basic loop which includes OPEN, FETCH and CLOSE statements Correct

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31.

Term
Which

Exam
of

Semester
is NOT

1
a

Part

II
declaration? Mark for Review

these

valid

cursor

(1) Points CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees ORDER BY salary CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE last_name

DESC;

LIKE

'S%';

CURSOR

emp_dept_curs

IS

SELECT e.salary, d.department_name FROM employees e, departments d WHERE e.department_id = d.department_id; CURSOR emp_curs IS v_salary

SELECT salary INTO FROM employees; (*)

Correct 32. Which of these statements about implicit cursors is NOT true? Mark for Review (1) Points They are declared automatically by Oracle for single-row SELECT statements.
They are declared automatically by Oracle for all DML statements.

They They

are are

declared opened

by

the

PL/SQL

programmer. by

(*) Oracle.

and

closed

automatically

Correct 33. An implicit cursor can be used for a multiple-row SELECT statement. True or False? Mark for Review (1) Points True False (*) Correct 34. An explicit cursor must always be declared, opened and closed by the PL/SQL programmer. True or False? Mark for Review (1) Points True False (*) Correct

35. Examine the following code: DECLARE a BOOLEAN := TRUE; b BOOLEAN := FALSE; c BOOLEAN := TRUE; d BOOLEAN := FALSE; game char(4) := 'lost'; BEGIN IF ((a AND b) AND (c OR d)) THEN game := 'won'; END IF; What is the value of GAME at the Mark for Review (1) Points
NULL won'

end

of

this

block?

lost' (*) False Correct

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36. What is the correct name for CASE, LOOP, WHILE, and IF-THEN-ELSE structures ? Mark for Review (1) Points Control structures (*) Array structures Memory structures Cursor structures Correct

37. You need to execute a set of statements 10 times, increasing a counter by 1 each time. Which of the following PL/SQL constructs can do this? (Choose three) Mark for Review (1) Points (Choose IF A ... WHILE ... all THEN loop WHEN (*) (*) correct ... (*) ... THEN answers)

ELSE

CASE A A

FOR

loop

basic Correct

loop

38. What is the correct form of a simple IF statement? Mark for Review (1) Points IF IF END IF condition condition (*) condition; THEN THEN statement; statement;

IF;

THEN statement; END IF; IF condition

THEN statement ENDIF;

Incorrect.

Refer

to

Section

4.

39. Which statement best describes when a FOR loop should be used? Mark for Review (1) Points
When the number of iterations is known (*) When testing the value in a Boolean variable

When the controlling condition must be evaluated at the start of each iteration

Correct 40. When using a counter to control a FOR loop, which of the following is true ? Mark for Review (1) Points You must have exactly one counter but it is implicitly declared. (*) You must have exactly one counter and you must explicitly declare it. You can have multiple counters, but you need at least one. You don't need a counter; you can test for anything (for example, whether a BOOLEAN is TRUE or FALSE). Correct

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41. Which of the following blocks produces the same output as this block? BEGIN FOR i in 1 .. 3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; END; Mark (1) for Points DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); i := i + 1; END LOOP; END; Review

DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP i := i + 1; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; END; (*) DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; i := i+ 1; END;

Correct 42. In a WHILE loop, the statements inside the loop must execute at least once. True or False? Mark for Review (1) Points True False (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.

43. What will happen when the following code is executed? BEGIN FOR i in 1 ..3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (i); i := i + 1; END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points
It will display 1, 2, 3. It will display 2, 3, 4.

It will result in an error because you cannot modify the counter in a FOR loop. (*) It will result in an error because the counter was not explicitly declared.

Correct 44. Which statement best describes when a WHILE loop shouild be used? Mark for Review (1) Points When the number of iterations is known

When repeating a sequence of statements until the controlling condition is no longer true (*) When When assigning testing a value a to a Boolean is variable

whether

variable

null

Correct 45. There are no employees in department_id 75.

Which of the following is NOT a valid cursor FOR loop with a subquery? Mark for Review (1) Points FOR emp_rec IN salary FROM employees) LOOP ... (SELECT FOR last_name, IN employees) LOOP ...

emp_rec *

(SELECT FOR

FROM IN

emp_rec

(SELECT

last_name,

salary

FROM

employees

ORDER

BY

last_name)

LOOP

...

FOR

emp_rec *

IN employees They WHERE are department_id valid. (*) = 75) LOOP ...

(SELECT None of

FROM

the

above. Refer to

all 5

Incorrect.

Section

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46. Examine the following code. To display the salary of an employee, what must be coded at Point A? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT * FROM employees; BEGIN FOR emp_rec IN emp_curs LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( -- what goes here ? ); END LOOP; END; Mark
(1) P o i n t s s a l a r y

for

Review

emp_curs.salary emp_rec.salary (*) employees.salary emp_rec.salary IN emp_curs Correct 47. loop: FOR The following IN code fragment LOOP shows ...... a cursor FOR

emp_record

emp_cursor

Which of the following do NOT need to be coded explicitly? (Choose three.) Mark for Review (1) Points (Choose OPEN all correct (*) emp_cursor IS ... (*) (*) answers)

emp_cursor; CURSOR

DECLARE

emp_record FETCH END

emp_cursor%ROWTYPE; INTO

emp_cursor LOOP; Refer

emp_record;

Incorrect.

to

Section

1. A cursor is declared as: CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM departments FOR UPDATE; After opening the cursor and fetching some rows, you want to delete the most recently
fetched row. Which of the following will do this successfully? (1) Points DELETE FROM c WHERE CURRENT OF c; Mark for Review

DELETE FROM departments WHERE CURRENT OF c; (*) DELETE FROM c WHERE CURRENT OF departments; DELETE FROM departments WHERE c%ROWCOUNT = 1; None of the above. Correct 2. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM employees FOR UPDATE; c_rec c%ROWTYPE; BEGIN OPEN c; FOR i IN 1..20 LOOP FETCH c INTO c_rec; IF i = 6 THEN UPDATE employees SET first_name = 'Joe' WHERE CURRENT OF c; END IF;

END LOOP; CLOSE c; END; Which employee row or rows will be updated when this block is executed? Review (1) Points The first 6 fetched rows will be updated.
Mark for

No rows will be updated because you locked the rows when the cursor was opened. The 6th fetched row will be updated. (*) The block will not compile because the cursor should have been declared .... FOR UPDATE WAIT 5; None of the above. Correct

3. You want to declare a cursor which locks each row fetched by the cursor. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT * FROM employees FOR -- Point A
Which of the following can NOT be coded at Point A? (1) Points UPDATE; Mark for Review

UPDATE OF salary; UPDATE OF employees; (*) UPDATE NOWAIT; Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 4. Which of the following cursor attributes is set to the total number of rows
returned so far? (1) Points %ISOPEN

Mark for Review

%NOTFOUND %FOUND %ROWCOUNT (*) Correct 5. Assume that you have declared a cursor called C_EMP. Which of the following statements about C_EMP is correct? (Choose two.) Mark for Review (1) Points (Choose all correct answers) You can use c_emp%NOTFOUND to exit a loop. (*) You can fetch rows when c_emp%ISOPEN evaluates to FALSE. You can use c_emp%ROWCOUNT to return the number of rows returned by the cursor so far. (*) You can use c_emp%FOUND after the cursor is closed. Correct 6. The DEPARTMENTS table contains four columns. Examine the following code:

DECLARE CURSOR dept_curs IS SELECT * FROM departments; v_dept_rec dept_curs%ROWTYPE; BEGIN OPEN dept_curs; FETCH dept_curs INTO v_dept_rec; ... Which one of the following statements is true? Mark for Review (1) Points v_dept_rec contains the first four rows of the departments table. The FETCH will fail because the structure of v_dept_rec does not match the structure of the cursor. v_dept_rec contains the first row of the departments table. (*) The block will fail because the declaration of v_dept_rec is invalid. Correct 7. The following cursor has been declared: CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT first_name, last_name, job_id, salary FROM employees; Which of the following correctly declares a composite record with the same structure as the cursor? Mark for Review (1) Points emp_rec emp_rec%ROWTYPE; emp_rec emp_curs%TYPE; emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; (*) emp_rec cursor%ROWTYPE; Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 8. Which of the following cursor attributes evaluates to TRUE if the cursor is open? Mark for Review (1) Points

%ISOPEN (*) %NOTFOUND %FOUND %ROWCOUNT Correct 9. Examine the following code fragment: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT first_name, last_name FROM employees; v_emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; BEGIN ... FETCH emp_curs INTO v_emp_rec; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(... Point A ...); &nbsp... To display the fetched last name, what should you code at Point A? Mark for Review (1) Points v_emp_rec.last_name (*) v_emp_rec(last_name) v_emp_rec last_name None of the above Correct
10. Which statement best describes when a WHILE loop shouild be used? for Review (1) Points When the number of iterations is known

Mark

When repeating a sequence of statements until the controlling condition is no longer true (*) When assigning a value to a Boolean variable

When testing whether a variable is null Correct 11. Which of the following blocks produces the same output as this block? BEGIN FOR i in 1 .. 3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); i := i + 1; END LOOP; END; DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP i := i + 1; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; END; (*) DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; i := i+ 1; END; Correct 12. What will happen when the following code is executed? BEGIN FOR i in 1 ..3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (i); i := i + 1;

END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points It will display 1, 2, 3. It will display 2, 3, 4. It will result in an error because you cannot modify the counter in a FOR loop. (*) It will result in an error because the counter was not explicitly declared. Correct 13. In a WHILE loop, the statements inside the loop must execute at least once. True or False? (1) Points True False (*) Correct 14. In a FOR loop, an implicitly declared counter automatically increases or decreases with each iteration. True or False? (1) Points True (*) False Correct 15. Examine the following code: DECLARE v_bool BOOLEAN := FALSE; v_counter NUMBER(4) := 0; BEGIN ... Line A END; Which of the following is NOT valid at line A? Mark for Review (1) Points WHILE NOT v_boolean LOOP
Mark for Review Mark for Review

WHILE v_boolean AND v_counter < 6 LOOP WHILE v_counter > 8 LOOP WHILE v_counter IN 1..5 LOOP (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 16. You want to assign a value to v_result which depends on the value of v_grade: if v_grade = 'A' set v_result to 'Very Good' and so on. DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1); v_result VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN v_result := CASE v_grade The next line should be Mark for Review (1) Points WHEN v_grade = 'A' THEN 'Very Good' WHEN 'A' THEN 'Very Good'; WHEN 'A' THEN v_result := 'Very Good'; WHEN 'A' THEN 'Very Good' (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 17. What value will v_answer contain after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_age NUMBER:= 18; v_answer VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN v_answer := CASE WHEN v_age < 25 THEN 'Young' WHEN v_age = 18 THEN 'Exactly 18' ELSE 'Older' END CASE; END; Mark for Review (1) Points Exactly 18

Young (*) Null Older Correct 18. What will be the value of v_result after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1) := NULL; v_result VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN CASE v_grade WHEN 'A' THEN v_result := 'Very Good'; WHEN 'F' THEN v_result := 'Poor'; ELSE v_result := 'In Between'; END; END; Mark for Review (1) Points Poor In Between (*) Null Very Good Correct 19. What will be the value of v_sal_desc after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_salary NUMBER(6,2) := NULL; v_sal_desc VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN CASE WHEN v_salary < 10000 THEN v_sal_desc := 'Low Paid'; WHEN v_salary >= 10000 THEN v_sal_desc := 'High Paid'; END CASE; END; Mark for Review (1) Points High Paid

Low Paid Null The code will fail and return an exception (*) Correct 20. You want to display a message which depends on the value of v_grade: if v_grade = 'A' display 'Very Good', if v_grade = 'B' then display 'Good', and so on. DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1); BEGIN CASE v_grade The next line should be Mark for Review (1) Points WHEN 'A' THEN (*) WHEN v_grade = 'A' THEN WHEN 'A' THEN; IF 'A' THEN Correct 21. Which of these constructs can be used to fetch multiple rows from a cursor's active set? Mark for Review (1) Points A CASE statement An IF .... ELSE statement A basic loop which includes FETCH and EXIT WHEN statements (*) A basic loop which includes OPEN, FETCH and CLOSE statements Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 22. An explicit cursor must always be declared, opened and closed by the PL/SQL programmer. True or False? (1) Points True
Mark for Review

False (*) Correct 23. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT last_name, salary FROM employees ORDER BY salary; v_last_name employees.last_name%TYPE; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN ... Which of the following statements successfully opens the cursor and fetches the first row of the active set? Mark for Review (1) Points OPEN emp_curs; FETCH emp_curs INTO v_last_name, v_salary; (*) OPEN emp_curs; FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary, v_last_name; OPEN emp_curs; FETCH FIRST emp_curs INTO v_last_name, v_salary; OPEN emp_curs; FETCH emp_curs; Correct
24. Which of these statements about implicit cursors is NOT true? Mark for

Review (1) Points They are declared automatically by Oracle for single-row SELECT statements. They are declared automatically by Oracle for all DML statements. They are declared by the PL/SQL programmer. (*) They are opened and closed automatically by Oracle. Correct

25. After a cursor has been closed, it can be opened again in the same PL/SQL block. True or False? (1) Points True (*) False Correct 26. The employees table contains 20 rows. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE &nbspCURSOR emp_curs IS &nbspSELECT job_id FROM employees; v_job_id employees.job_id%TYPE; BEGIN OPEN emp_curs; LOOP FETCH emp_curs INTO v_job_id; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_job_id); EXIT WHEN emp_curs%NOTFOUND; END LOOP; CLOSE emp_curs; END; Mark for Review (1) Points job_ids will be displayed. The block will fail and an error message will be displayed. 21 rows of output will be displayed; the first job_id will be displayed twice. 21 rows of output will be displayed; the last job_id will be displayed twice. (*) Correct 27. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_salary); CLOSE emp_curs; END;
Mark for Review

Mark for Review (1) Points The first employee's salary will be fetched and displayed. All employees' salaries will be fetched and displayed. The execution will fail and an error message will be displayed. (*) The lowest salary value will be fetched and displayed. Correct
28. For which type of SQL statement must you use an explicit cursor? Mark for

Review (1) Points DML statements that process more than one row. Queries that return more than one row. (*) Data Definition Language (DDL) statements. Queries that return a single row. Correct
29. When using multiple nested cursors, what kinds of loops can you use? for Review (1) Points Cursor FOR loops only.

Mark

Basic loops only. WHILE loops only. None of the above. All of the above. (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 30. How many explicit cursors can be declared and used in a single PL/SQL block? Mark for Review (1) Points One or two. Only one.

As many as needed. (*) Up to eight cursors. None of the above. Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 31. What is wrong with the following code? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs(p_dept_id NUMBER) IS SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = p_dept_id; BEGIN FOR dept_rec IN (SELECT * FROM departments) LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_rec.department_name); FOR emp_rec IN emp_curs(dept_rec.department_id) LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp_rec.last_name); END LOOP; END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points The DEPARTMENTS cursor must be declared with a parameter. You cannot use a cursor with a subquery in nested loops. You cannot use two different kinds of loop in a single PL/SQL block. EMP_CURS should not be DECLAREd explicitly; it should be coded as a subquery in a cursor FOR loop. Nothing is wrong. The block will execute successfully and display all departments and the employees in those departments. (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 32. Examine the following code: BEGIN FOR i IN 1..5 LOOP FOR j IN 1..8 LOOP EXIT WHEN j = 7; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i || j); END LOOP; END LOOP; END;
How many lines of output will be displayed when this code is executed? Review (1) Points 35 Mark for

6 30 (*) 40 Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.

33. What kinds of loops can be nested? (1) Points BASIC loops Mark for Review

WHILE loops FOR loops All of the above (*) Correct 34. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1; LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter = 5; v_counter := v_counter + 1; END LOOP; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points 5 (*) 6 1 This is an infinite loop; the loop will never finish. Correct 35. What kind of statement is best suited for displaying the multiplication table for "sixes": 6x1=6, 6x2=12 ... 6x12=72? (1) Points CASE expression
Mark for Review

IF statement CASE statement LOOP statement (*) Correct

36. Which one of these is NOT a kind of loop? (1) Points ASCENDING loop (*) Mark for Review

FOR loop Basic loop WHILE loop Correct 37. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1; LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter=5; END LOOP; v_counter := v_counter + 1; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points 5 6 1 This is an infinite loop; the loop will never finish. (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.
38. Which one of these tasks is best done using a LOOP statement? Mark for

Review (1) Points Assigning a letter grade to a numerical score Calculating and displaying the sum of all integers from 1 to 100 (*)

Testing if a condition is true, false or null Fetching and displaying an employee's last name from the database Correct
39. What is the correct form of a compound IF statement? (1) Points IF condition THEN statement1 ELSE statement 2; Mark for Review

IF condition THEN statement1 ELSE statement 2; END IF; IF condition; THEN statement1; ELSE statement2; END IF; IF condition THEN statement1; ELSE statement2; END IF; (*) Correct 40. Examine the following code: DECLARE v_salary NUMBER(6); v_constant NUMBER(6) := 15000; v_result VARCHAR(6); := 'MIDDLE'; BEGIN IF v_salary != v_constant THEN v_result := 'HIGH'; ELSE v_result := 'LOW'; END IF; END; What is the final value of v_result? Mark for Review (1) Points HIGH

LOW (*) MIDDLE Null Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.

41. What is the correct form of a simple IF statement? (1) Points IF condition THEN statement; Mark for Review

IF condition THEN statement; END IF; (*) IF condition; THEN statement; END IF; IF condition THEN statement ENDIF; Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 42. What is the correct name for CASE, LOOP, WHILE, and IF-THEN-ELSE
structures ? Mark for Review (1) Points Control structures (*)

Array structures Memory structures Cursor structures Correct 43. There are 12 distinct JOB_IDs in the EMPLOYEES table. You need to write some PL.SQL code to fetch and display all the employees with a specific JOB_ID. The chosen JOB_ID can be different each time the code is executed. What is the best way to do this? Mark for Review (1) Points Write 12 separate PL/SQL blocks, each declaring a cursor with a different JOB_ID in the WHERE clause. Write a single PL/SQL block which declares 12 cursors, one for each distinct value of JOB_ID.

Write a single PL/SQL block which declares one cursor using a parameter for the JOB_ID. (*) Write a single PL/SQL block which uses a cursor to fetch all the employee rows, with an IF statement to decide which of the fetched rows to display. Correct 44. Examine the following declaration of a cursor with a parameter. What should be coded at Point A? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs(-- Point A --) IS SELECT * FROM employees WHERE job_id = p_job_id; Mark for Review (1) Points p_job_id ST_CLERK' p_job_id VARCHAR2(25) p_job_id VARCHAR2 (*) job_id VARCHAR2 Correct 45. Examine the following code. To display the salary of an employee, what must be coded at Point A? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT * FROM employees; BEGIN FOR emp_rec IN emp_curs LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( -- what goes here ? ); END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points salary emp_curs.salary emp_rec.salary (*) employees.salary

emp_rec.salary IN emp_curs Correct 46. When using a cursor FOR loop, OPEN, CLOSE and FETCH statements should not be
explicitly coded. True or False? (1) Points True (*) Mark for Review

False Correct 47. What is wrong with the following code? DECLARE CURSOR dept_curs IS SELECT * FROM departments; BEGIN FOR dept_rec IN dept_curs LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_curs%ROWCOUNT || dept_rec.department_name); END LOOP; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_rec.department_id); END; Mark for Review (1) Points The cursor DEPT_CURS has not been opened. The implicitly declared record DEPT_REC cannot be referenced outside the cursor FOR loop. (*) You cannot use %ROWCOUNT with a cursor FOR loop. The cursor DEPT_CURS has not been closed. Nothing is wrong, this code will execute successfully. Incorrect. Refer to Section 5

Test:

Mid

Term

Exam

Semester

Part

II

Review your answers, feedback, and question scores below. An asterisk (*) indicates a correct answer. The Mid Term Exam for Semester 1 is presented to you as two exams. This is Part II of the Mid Term Exam for Semester 1. Section 4

1. You want to display a message which depends on the value of v_grade: if v_grade = 'A' display 'Very Good', if v_grade = 'B' then display 'Good', and so on. DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1); BEGIN CASE v_grade The next line should be Mark for (2) Points WHEN Review THEN (*)

'A'

WHEN v_grade = 'A' THEN WHEN 'A' THEN; IF 'A' THEN

Correct 2. What will be the value of v_result after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1) := NULL; v_result VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN CASE v_grade WHEN 'A' THEN v_result := 'Very Good'; WHEN 'F' THEN v_result := 'Poor'; ELSE v_result := 'In Between'; END; END; Mark for Review
(2) Points Poor

In

Between

(*)

Null

Very

Good

Correct 3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a CASE statement? Mark for Review (2) Points It ends with END CASE;

It can be a complete PL/SQL block It returns a value (*) It evaluates a condition and performs an action

Correct 4. What value will v_answer contain after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_age NUMBER:= 18; v_answer VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN v_answer := CASE WHEN v_age < 25 THEN 'Young' WHEN v_age = 18 THEN 'Exactly 18' ELSE 'Older' END CASE; END; Mark for Review (2) Points Exactly 18 Young (*) Null Older Correct 5. What will be the value of variable c after the following code is executed? DECLARE a BOOLEAN := TRUE; b BOOLEAN := NULL; c NUMBER;

BEGIN IF a AND b THEN c := 2; ELSIF a OR b THEN c := 0; ELSE c := 1; END IF; END; Mark (1) 1 Null 0 2 Correct 6. What is the correct form of a compound IF statement? Mark for Review (1) Points
IF condition THEN statement1 ELSE statement 2;

for Points

Review

(*)

IF condition THEN statement1 ELSE statement 2; END IF; IF condition; THEN statement1; ELSE statement2; END IF; IF condition THEN statement1; ELSE statement2; END IF; (*)

Correct 7. Examine the following code: DECLARE a VARCHAR2(6) := NULL; b VARCHAR2(6) := NULL; BEGIN

IF

THEN

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EQUAL'); ELSIF a != b THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('UNEQUAL'); ELSE DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('OTHER'); END IF; END; Which word will Review be displayed? Mark for (2) Points
UNEQUAL EQUAL

Nothing will be displayed OTHER (*) Correct 8. How many ELSIF statements are you allowed to have in a compound IF statement? Mark for Review (2) Points
Only one

As

many

as

you

want

(*)

They must match the same number as the number of ELSE statements. None; the command is ELSE IF; Correct 9. You need to execute a set of statements 10 times, increasing a counter by 1 each time. Which of the following PL/SQL constructs can do this? (Choose three) Mark for Review (1) Points (Choose IF A ... WHILE ... all THEN loop WHEN (*) (*) correct ... (*) ... THEN answers)

ELSE

CASE A A

FOR

loop

basic

loop

Correct 10. What is the correct name for CASE, LOOP, WHILE, and IF-THEN-ELSE structures ? Mark for Review (2) Points Control structures (*) Array structures Memory structures Cursor structures Correct Review your answers, feedback, and question scores below. An asterisk (*) indicates a correct answer. The Mid Term Exam for Semester 1 is presented to you as two exams. This is Part II of the Mid Term Exam for Semester 1. Section 4

11. When coding two nested loops, both loops must be of the same type. For example, you cannot code a FOR loop inside a WHILE loop. True or False? Mark for Review (2) Points True False (*) Correct 12. You want to display multiplication tables for numbers up to 12. The display should look like this: 1 x 1 = 1 1 x 2 = 2 ..... 1 x 12 = 12 2 x 1 = 2 2 x 2 = 4 ..... 2 x 12 = 24 3 x 1 = 3 ..... ..... 12 x 12 = 144 Which of the following is an efficient way to do this in PL/SQL? Mark for Review

(2) Points Use two nested FOR loops. (*)

Store all the numbers from 1 to 144 in a table, then fetch and display them using a cursor. Create a function which accepts two numbers as IN parameters and returns their product. Invoke the function 144 times. Write an anonymous block which contains 144 calls to DBMS_OUTPUT, each looking like: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('7 x 9 = 63'); Correct What
(1) Points BASIC loops WHILE loops FOR loops

kinds

of

loops

can

be

nested?

Mark

for

Review

All

of

the

above

(*)

Correct 14. Examine the following code: DECLARE v_outer_count NUMBER := 1; v_inner_count NUMBER := 1; BEGIN LOOP LOOP v_inner_count := v_inner_count + 1; EXIT WHEN v_inner_count > 5; -- Line A END LOOP; v_outer_count := v_outer_count + 1; EXIT WHEN v_outer_count > 3; END LOOP; END; What happens at Line A when the value of V_INNER_COUNT equals 6? Mark for Review (1) Points
Both loops are exited and the block's execution is terminated.

The inner loop is exited but the outer loop continues execution. (*) The outer loop is exited but the inner loop continues execution. An error condition is returned.

Correct
15. Which one of these is NOT a kind of loop? Mark for Review

(1) Points ASCENDING loop (*) FOR loop

Basic loop WHILE loop

Correct 16. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1; LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter = 5; v_counter := v_counter + 1; END LOOP; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points 5 (*)
6 1

This

is

an

infinite

loop;

the

loop

will

never

finish.

Correct 17. What kind of statement is best suited for displaying the multiplication table for "sixes": 6x1=6, 6x2=12 ... 6x12=72? Mark for Review (1) Points
CASE expression IF statement CASE statement

LOOP

statement

(*)

Correct

18. Which kind of loop is this? v_count := 1; LOOP v_count := v_count + 1; EXIT WHEN i > 20; END LOOP; Mark for Review
(1) Points FOR loop IF-THEN loop Basic loop (*) WHILE loop CASE loop

Correct 19. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1; LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter=5; END LOOP; v_counter := v_counter + 1; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points

5 6 1

This

is

an

infinite

loop;

the

loop

will

never

finish.

(*)

Correct 20. Examine the following code: DECLARE v_bool BOOLEAN := FALSE; v_counter NUMBER(4) := 0; BEGIN ... Line A END; Which of the following is NOT valid at line A? Mark for Review

(1) Points WHILE NOT v_boolean LOOP

WHILE v_boolean AND v_counter < 6 LOOP WHILE v_counter > 8 LOOP WHILE v_counter IN 1..5 LOOP (*)

Correct Section 4

21. Which statement best describes when a FOR loop should be used? Mark for Review (1) Points
When the number of iterations is known (*) When testing the value in a Boolean variable

When the controlling condition must be evaluated at the start of each iteration Correct 22. Which statement best describes when a WHILE loop shouild be used? Mark for Review (1) Points When the number of iterations is known

When repeating a sequence of statements until the controlling condition is no longer true (*) When When assigning testing a value a to a Boolean is variable

whether

variable

null

Correct 23. When using a counter to control a FOR loop, which of the following is true ? Mark for Review (1) Points You must have exactly one counter but it is implicitly declared. (*) You must have exactly one counter and you must explicitly declare it. You can have multiple counters, but you need at least one.

You don't need a counter; you can test for anything (for example, whether a BOOLEAN is TRUE or FALSE). Correct 24. What will happen when the following code is executed? BEGIN FOR i in 1 ..3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (i); i := i + 1; END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points
It will display 1, 2, 3. It will display 2, 3, 4.

It will result in an error because you cannot modify the counter in a FOR loop. (*) It will result in an error because the counter was not explicitly declared. Correct 25. Which of the following blocks produces the same output as this block? BEGIN FOR i in 1 .. 3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; END; Mark for Review
(1) Points DECLARE

i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); i := i + 1; END LOOP; END; DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP i := i + 1;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END END; (*) LOOP;

DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; i := i+ 1; END;

Correct

Section

26. Examine the following code fragment: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT first_name, last_name FROM employees; v_emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; BEGIN ... FETCH emp_curs INTO v_emp_rec; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(... Point A ...); ... To display the fetched last name, what should you code at Point A? Mark for Review (2) Points v_emp_rec.last_name (*) v_emp_rec(last_name) v_emp_rec last_name None of the above

Correct 27. Assume that you have declared a cursor called C_EMP. Which of the following statements about C_EMP is correct? (Choose two.) Mark for Review (1) Points

(Choose You You can can

all use

correct

answers) to exit a loop. (*) to FALSE.

c_emp%NOTFOUND rows when

fetch

c_emp%ISOPEN

evaluates

You can use c_emp%ROWCOUNT to return the number of rows returned by the cursor so far. (*) You can use c_emp%FOUND after the cursor is closed.

Correct 28. Which of the following cursor attributes is set to the total number of rows returned so far? Mark for Review (2) Points %ISOPEN %NOTFOUND %FOUND %ROWCOUNT (*) Correct 29. Which of the following cursor attributes evaluates to TRUE if the cursor is open? Mark for Review (2) Points
%ISOPEN (*) %NOTFOUND %FOUND %ROWCOUNT

Correct 30. The DEPARTMENTS table contains four columns. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR dept_curs IS SELECT * FROM departments; v_dept_rec dept_curs%ROWTYPE; BEGIN OPEN dept_curs; FETCH dept_curs INTO v_dept_rec; ...

Which

one

of

the

following

statements

is

true?

Mark for (2) Points

Review
contains the first four rows of the departments table.

v_dept_rec

The FETCH will fail because the structure of v_dept_rec does not match the structure of the cursor.
v_dept_rec
The block

contains
will fail

the

first
the

row

of

the
of

departments
v_dept_rec

table.
is

(*)

because

declaration

invalid.

Incorrect. Section 5

Refer

to

Section

5.

31. Which of the following statements about the %ISOPEN cursor attribute is true? Mark for Review (1) Points You can issue the %ISOPEN cursor attribute only when a cursor is open. You can issue the %ISOPEN cursor attribute only when more than one record is returned. You can issue the %ISOPEN cursor attribute when a cursor is open or closed. (*) If a cursor is open, then the value of %ISOPEN is false.

Correct 32. What is wrong with the following code? BEGIN FOR emp_rec IN (SELECT * FROM employees WHERE ROWNUM < 10 FOR UPDATE NOWAIT) LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp_rec%ROWCOUNT || emp_rec.last_name): END LOOP; END; Mark (1) for Points You cannot use FOR UPDATE NOWAIT with a cursor FOR loop using a subquery. You cannot reference %ROWCOUNT with a cursor FOR loop using a subquery. (*) The
You

Review

field
cannot

EMP_REC.LAST_NAME
use ROWNUM with a

does

not

exist.

cursor

FOR

loop.

The

cursor

has

not

been

opened.

Correct 33. When using a cursor FOR loop, OPEN, CLOSE and FETCH statements should not be explicitly coded. True or False? Mark for Review (2) Points
True (*) False

Correct 34. Examine the following code. To display the salary of an employee, what must be coded at Point A? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT * FROM employees; BEGIN FOR emp_rec IN emp_curs LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( -- what goes here ? ); END LOOP; END; Mark for Review
(2) Points salary

emp_curs.salary emp_rec.salary (*) employees.salary emp_rec.salary IN emp_curs Correct 35. There are 12 distinct JOB_IDs in the EMPLOYEES table. You need to write some PL.SQL code to fetch and display all the employees with a specific JOB_ID. The chosen JOB_ID can be different each time the code is executed. What is the best way to do this? Mark for Review (1) Points Write 12 separate PL/SQL blocks, each declaring a cursor with a different JOB_ID in the WHERE clause. Write a single PL/SQL block which declares 12 cursors, one for each distinct value of JOB_ID.

Write a single PL/SQL block which declares one cursor using a parameter for the JOB_ID. (*) Write a single PL/SQL block which uses a cursor to fetch all the employee rows, with an IF statement to decide which of the fetched rows to display. Correct 36. What is one of the advantages of using parameters with a cursor? Mark for Review (2) Points You You You can can do use a cursor the to FOR loop. FOR the UPDATE. cursor at all.

declare not need

cursor DECLARE

You can use a single cursor to fetch a different set of rows each time the cursor is opened. (*)
It will execute much faster than a cursor without parameters.

Correct 37. For which type of SQL statement must you use an explicit cursor? Mark for Review (2) Points DML statements that process more than one row. Queries that return more than one row. (*) Data Definition Language (DDL) statements. Queries that return a single row. Correct 38. The employees table contains 20 rows. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT job_id FROM employees; v_job_id employees.job_id%TYPE; BEGIN OPEN emp_curs; LOOP FETCH emp_curs INTO v_job_id; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_job_id);

EXIT

WHEN

emp_curs%NOTFOUND;

END LOOP; CLOSE emp_curs; END; Mark 20 The for Review will will be fail displayed. and an error message will be displayed. (2) Points job_ids block

21 rows of output will be displayed; the first job_id will be displayed twice. 21 rows of output will be displayed; the last job_id will be displayed twice. (*) Correct 39. Which of these statements about implicit cursors is NOT true? Mark for Review (1) Points They are declared automatically by Oracle for single-row SELECT statements.
They are declared automatically by Oracle for all DML statements.

They They

are are

declared opened

by

the

PL/SQL

programmer. by

(*) Oracle.

and

closed

automatically

Correct 40. An implicit cursor can be used for a multiple-row SELECT statement. True or False? Mark for Review (2) Points True False (*) Correct Section
41.

5
of these is NOT a valid cursor declaration? Mark for Review

Which

(1) Points CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees

ORDER CURSOR

BY

salary

DESC; IS

emp_curs

SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE last_name CURSOR

LIKE

'S%'; IS

emp_dept_curs

SELECT e.salary, d.department_name FROM employees e, departments d WHERE e.department_id = d.department_id; CURSOR emp_curs IS v_salary

SELECT salary INTO FROM employees; (*)

Correct 42. An explicit cursor must be declared, opened and closed by the PL/SQL programmer. True or False? Mark for Review (1) Points
True (*) False

Correct 43. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_salary); CLOSE emp_curs; END; Mark for Review (1) Points The first employee's salary will be fetched and displayed. All employees' salaries will be fetched and displayed. The execution will fail and an error message will be displayed. (*) The lowest salary value will be fetched and displayed.

Correct 44. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT last_name, salary FROM employees ORDER BY salary; v_last_name employees.last_name%TYPE; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN ... Which of the following statements successfully opens the cursor and fetches the first row of the active set? Mark for Review (1) Points OPEN FETCH (*) emp_curs; INTO v_last_name, v_salary; emp_curs

OPEN FETCH

emp_curs; INTO v_salary, v_last_name;

emp_curs

OPEN FETCH

emp_curs; emp_curs INTO v_last_name, v_salary;

FIRST

OPEN FETCH

emp_curs;

emp_curs;

Correct 45. You want to display all locations, and the departments in each location. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR loc_curs IS SELECT * FROM locations; CURSOR dept_curs(p_loc_id NUMBER) IS SELECT * FROM departments WHERE location_id = p_loc_id; BEGIN FOR loc_rec IN loc_curs LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(loc_rec.city); FOR dept_rec IN dept_curs(-- Point A --) LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_rec.department_name); END LOOP; END LOOP; END; What should you code at Point A? Mark for Review (1) Points

p_loc_id location_id null LOOP ... END LOOP; (*)

loc_rec.location_id Correct

46. You want to display each row from the DEPARTMENTS table, and immediately underneath it, a list of all EMPLOYEES in that department. Which of the following is a good way to do this? Mark for Review (1) Points

Use a single cursor, declared as SELECT * FROM employees GROUP BY department_id; Use two cursors, one for each of the two tables. Declare the EMPLOYEES cursor with a parameter for the DEPARTMENT_ID. (*) Write a SELECT statement which JOINs the two tables, and use CONNECT BY PRIOR and LEVEL to display the rows in the correct order. Use a single cursor with a cursor FOR loop.

Change the physical model so that all employee and department data is in a single table. Correct 47. Which of the following is a good reason to declare and use multiple cursors in a single PL/SQL block? Mark for Review (1) Points Multiple cursors improve performance. They are faster than using a single cursor. Multiple cursors use less memory than a single cursor.

Multiple cursors allow us to fetch rows from two or more related tables without using a JOIN. (*)
Multiple cursors are the only way to use cursors with parameters.

Multiple cursors can be opened many times, while a single cursor can be opened only once. Correct

48. User TOM has locked a row in the WORKERS table. Now, user DICK wants to open the following cursor: CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM workers FOR UPDATE NOWAIT; What will happen when DICK opens the cursor and tries to fetch rows? Mark for Review (1) Points TOM's session is rolled back. DICK's session successfully fetches rows from the cursor. DICK's session waits indefinitely.

Both sessions wait for a few seconds; then the system breaks all locks and both sessions raise an exception. DICK's The session immediately is raises set to an exception. (*)

c%NOWAIT

attribute

TRUE.

Correct 49. A cursor is declared as:

CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM departments FOR UPDATE; After opening the cursor and fetching some rows, you want to delete the most recently fetched row. Which of the following will do this successfully? Mark for Review (1) Points DELETE FROM c WHERE CURRENT OF c;

DELETE FROM departments WHERE CURRENT OF c; (*) DELETE FROM c WHERE CURRENT OF departments; DELETE FROM departments WHERE c%ROWCOUNT = 1; None of the above. Correct 50. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM employees FOR UPDATE; c_rec c%ROWTYPE; BEGIN OPEN c; FOR i IN 1..20 LOOP FETCH c INTO c_rec; IF i = 6 THEN UPDATE employees SET first_name = 'Joe' WHERE CURRENT OF c; END IF; END LOOP;

CLOSE c; END; Which employee row or rows will be updated when this block is executed? Mark for Review (1) Points The first 6 fetched rows will be updated.

No rows will be updated because you locked the rows when the cursor was opened. The 6th fetched row will be updated. (*)

The block will not compile because the cursor should have been declared .... FOR UPDATE WAIT 5; None of the above.

Correct

Mid Term Exam Semester 1 - Part II

1. For which type of SQL statement must you

use an explicit cursor? Mark for Review (1) Points DML statements that process more than one row. Queries that return more than one row. (*) Data Definition Language (DDL) statements. Queries that return a single row. Correct 2. After a cursor has been closed, it can be opened again in the same PL/SQL block.
True or False? (1) Points True (*)

Mark for Review

False Correct
3. Which of these is NOT a valid cursor declaration? (1) Points CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees ORDER BY salary DESC; Mark for Review

CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary

FROM employees WHERE last_name LIKE 'S%'; CURSOR emp_dept_curs IS SELECT e.salary, d.department_name FROM employees e, departments d WHERE e.department_id = d.department_id; CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employees; (*) Correct

4. Which of these constructs can be used to fetch multiple rows from a cursor's
active set? Mark for Review (1) Points A CASE statement

An IF .... ELSE statement A basic loop which includes FETCH and EXIT WHEN statements (*) A basic loop which includes OPEN, FETCH and CLOSE statements Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 5. The employees table contains 20 rows. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE &nbspCURSOR emp_curs IS &nbspSELECT job_id FROM employees; v_job_id employees.job_id%TYPE; BEGIN OPEN emp_curs; LOOP FETCH emp_curs INTO v_job_id; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_job_id); EXIT WHEN emp_curs%NOTFOUND; END LOOP; CLOSE emp_curs; END; Mark for Review (3) Points job_ids will be displayed. The block will fail and an error message will be displayed. 21 rows of output will be displayed; the first job_id will be displayed twice. 21 rows of output will be displayed; the last job_id will be displayed twice. (*) Correct
6. Which of these statements about implicit cursors is NOT true? Mark for Review (1) Points They are declared automatically by Oracle for single-row SELECT statements.

They are declared automatically by Oracle for all DML statements.

They are declared by the PL/SQL programmer. (*) They are opened and closed automatically by Oracle. Correct 7. What will happen when the following code is executed? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_salary); CLOSE emp_curs; END; Mark for Review (1) Points The first employee's salary will be fetched and displayed. All employees' salaries will be fetched and displayed. The execution will fail and an error message will be displayed. (*) The lowest salary value will be fetched and displayed. Correct 8. What will happen when the following code is executed?
DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT salary FROM employees; v_salary employees.salary%TYPE; BEGIN OPEN emp_curs; FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; CLOSE emp_curs; FETCH emp_curs INTO v_salary; END;

Mark for Review (1) Points The block will fail and an INVALID_CURSOR exception will be raised. (*) The first employee row will be fetched twice.

The first two employee rows will be fetched. The block will fail and a TOO_MANY_ROWS exception will be raised. Correct 9. In the following code fragment, you want to exit from the outer loop at Line A if v_number = 6. Which statement would you write on Line A? <<big_loop>> WHILE condition_1 LOOP <<small_loop>> FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); -- Line A END LOOP; END LOOP; Mark for Review (1) Points IF v_number = 6 THEN EXIT; EXIT outer_loop WHEN v_number = 6; EXIT big_loop WHEN v_number = 6; (*) EXIT small_loop WHEN v_number = 6; Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 10. You want to display multiplication tables for numbers up to 12. The display should look like this: 1x1=1 1x2=2 ..... 1 x 12 = 12 2x1=2 2x2=4 ..... 2 x 12 = 24 3x1=3 ..... ..... 12 x 12 = 144 Which of the following is an efficient way to do this in PL/SQL? (1) Points Use two nested FOR loops. (*)
Mark for Review

Store all the numbers from 1 to 144 in a table, then fetch and display them using a cursor.

Create a function which accepts two numbers as IN parameters and returns their product. Invoke the function 144 times. Write an anonymous block which contains 144 calls to DBMS_OUTPUT, each looking like: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('7 x 9 = 63'); Correct 11. Examine the following code fragment: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT first_name, last_name FROM employees; v_emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; BEGIN ... FETCH emp_curs INTO v_emp_rec; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(... Point A ...); &nbsp... To display the fetched last name, what should you code at Point A? Mark for Review (1) Points v_emp_rec.last_name (*) v_emp_rec(last_name) v_emp_rec last_name None of the above Correct 12. Assume that you have declared a cursor called C_EMP. Which of the following statements about C_EMP is correct? (Choose two.) Mark for Review (1) Points (Choose all correct answers) You can use c_emp%NOTFOUND to exit a loop. (*) You can fetch rows when c_emp%ISOPEN evaluates to FALSE. You can use c_emp%ROWCOUNT to return the number of rows returned by the cursor so far. (*) You can use c_emp%FOUND after the cursor is closed.

Correct 13. The following cursor has been declared: CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT first_name, last_name, job_id, salary FROM employees; Which of the following correctly declares a composite record with the same structure as the cursor? Mark for Review (1) Points emp_rec emp_rec%ROWTYPE; emp_rec emp_curs%TYPE; emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; (*) emp_rec cursor%ROWTYPE; Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 14. Which of the following cursor attributes evaluates to TRUE if the cursor is
open? Mark for Review (1) Points %ISOPEN (*)

%NOTFOUND %FOUND %ROWCOUNT Correct 15. Which of the following cursor attributes is set to the total number of rows
returned so far? (1) Points %ISOPEN

Mark for Review

%NOTFOUND %FOUND %ROWCOUNT (*) Correct

16. The employees table contains 11 columns. The following block declares a cursor and a record based on the cursor: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT * FROM employees; v_emp_rec emp_curs%ROWTYPE; A twelfth column is now added to the employees table. Which of the following statements is true? Mark for Review (1) Points The declaration of emp_rec must be changed to add an extra field. The block will still work correctly without any changes to the PL/SQL code. (*) The block will fail and an INVALID_CURSOR exception will be raised. An extra scalar variable must be declared to correspond to the twelfth table column. Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 17. The following code fragment shows a cursor FOR loop: FOR emp_record IN emp_cursor LOOP ...... Which of the following do NOT need to be coded explicitly? (Choose three.) Mark for Review (1) Points (Choose all correct answers) OPEN emp_cursor; (*) DECLARE CURSOR emp_cursor IS ... emp_record emp_cursor%ROWTYPE; (*) FETCH emp_cursor INTO emp_record; (*) END LOOP; Incorrect. Refer to Section 5 18. What is wrong with the following code? DECLARE CURSOR dept_curs IS SELECT * FROM departments; BEGIN

FOR dept_rec IN dept_curs LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_curs%ROWCOUNT || dept_rec.department_name); END LOOP; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_rec.department_id); END;

Mark for Review (1) Points The cursor DEPT_CURS has not been opened. The implicitly declared record DEPT_REC cannot be referenced outside the cursor FOR loop. (*) You cannot use %ROWCOUNT with a cursor FOR loop. The cursor DEPT_CURS has not been closed. Nothing is wrong, this code will execute successfully. Correct 19. When using a cursor FOR loop, OPEN, CLOSE and FETCH statements should
not be explicitly coded. True or False? (1) Points True (*) Mark for Review

False Correct 20. Examine the following declaration of a cursor with a parameter. What should be coded at Point A? DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs(-- Point A --) IS SELECT * FROM employees WHERE job_id = p_job_id; Mark for Review (1) Points p_job_id ST_CLERK' p_job_id VARCHAR2(25) p_job_id VARCHAR2 (*) job_id VARCHAR2

Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 21. A cursor has been declared as: CURSOR c_curs (p_param VARCHAR2) IS SELECT * FROM mytable WHERE mycolumn = p_param. Which of the following will open the cursor successfully? (1) Points OPEN c_curs(p_param = 'ABC'); OPEN c_curs('ABC'); (*) OPEN c_curs USING ('ABC'); p_param := 'ABC'; OPEN c_curs(p_param); Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 22. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1; LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter=5; END LOOP; v_counter := v_counter + 1; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points 5 6 1 This is an infinite loop; the loop will never finish. (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.
23. Which one of these is NOT a kind of loop? (1) Points ASCENDING loop (*) Mark for Review Mark for Review

FOR loop Basic loop

WHILE loop Correct

24. Which one of these tasks is best done using a LOOP statement? Mark for

Review (1) Points Assigning a letter grade to a numerical score Calculating and displaying the sum of all integers from 1 to 100 (*) Testing if a condition is true, false or null Fetching and displaying an employee's last name from the database Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 25. The EXIT statement can be located anywhere inside a basic loop. True or False? Mark for Review (1) Points True (*) False Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 26. A PL/SQL block contains the following code: v_counter := 1; LOOP EXIT WHEN v_counter = 5; v_counter := v_counter + 1; END LOOP; What is the value of V_COUNTER after the loop is finished? Mark for Review (1) Points 5 (*) 6 1 This is an infinite loop; the loop will never finish. Correct 27. What will be the value of v_sal_desc after the following code is executed?

DECLARE v_salary NUMBER(6,2) := NULL; v_sal_desc VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN CASE WHEN v_salary < 10000 THEN v_sal_desc := 'Low Paid'; WHEN v_salary >= 10000 THEN v_sal_desc := 'High Paid'; END CASE; END; Mark for Review (1) Points High Paid Low Paid Null The code will fail and return an exception (*) Correct 28. You want to display a message which depends on the value of v_grade: if v_grade = 'A' display 'Very Good', if v_grade = 'B' then display 'Good', and so on. DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1); BEGIN CASE v_grade The next line should be Mark for Review (1) Points WHEN 'A' THEN (*) WHEN v_grade = 'A' THEN WHEN 'A' THEN; IF 'A' THEN Correct 29. What will be the value of v_result after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1) := NULL; v_result VARCHAR2(10);

BEGIN CASE v_grade WHEN 'A' THEN v_result := 'Very Good'; WHEN 'F' THEN v_result := 'Poor'; ELSE v_result := 'In Between'; END; END; Mark for Review (1) Points Poor In Between (*) Null Very Good Correct 30. What value will v_answer contain after the following code is executed? DECLARE v_age NUMBER:= 18; v_answer VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN v_answer := CASE WHEN v_age < 25 THEN 'Young' WHEN v_age = 18 THEN 'Exactly 18' ELSE 'Older' END CASE; END; Mark for Review (1) Points Exactly 18 Young (*) Null Older Correct 31. You want to assign a value to v_result which depends on the value of v_grade: if v_grade = 'A' set v_result to 'Very Good' and so on.

DECLARE v_grade CHAR(1); v_result VARCHAR2(10); BEGIN v_result := CASE v_grade The next line should be Mark for Review (1) Points WHEN v_grade = 'A' THEN 'Very Good' WHEN 'A' THEN 'Very Good'; WHEN 'A' THEN v_result := 'Very Good'; WHEN 'A' THEN 'Very Good' (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 32. You want to declare a cursor which locks each row fetched by the cursor. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR emp_curs IS SELECT * FROM employees FOR -- Point A Which of the following can NOT be coded at Point A? Mark for Review (1) Points UPDATE; UPDATE OF salary; UPDATE OF employees; (*) UPDATE NOWAIT; Incorrect. Refer to Section 5. 33. User TOM has locked a row in the WORKERS table. Now, user DICK wants to open the following cursor: CURSOR c IS SELECT * FROM workers FOR UPDATE NOWAIT; What will happen when DICK opens the cursor and tries to fetch rows? Mark for Review (1) Points TOM's session is rolled back. DICK's session successfully fetches rows from the cursor.

DICK's session waits indefinitely. Both sessions wait for a few seconds; then the system breaks all locks and both sessions raise an exception. DICK's session immediately raises an exception. (*) The c%NOWAIT attribute is set to TRUE. Correct 34. Consider the following cursor: CURSOR c IS SELECT e.last_name, e.salary, d.department_name FROM employees e JOIN departments d USING(department_id) WHERE e.last_name='Smith' FOR UPDATE; When the cursor is opened and rows are fetched, what is locked? Mark for Review (1) Points The whole EMPLOYEES table is locked. In the EMPLOYEES table, only the 'Smith' rows are locked. Nothing in the DEPARTMENTS table is locked. Each 'Smith' row is locked and Smith's matching rows in DEPARTMENTS are locked. No other rows are locked in either table. (*) The whole EMPLOYEES and DEPARTMENTS tables are locked. Nothing is locked because the cursor was not declared with NOWAIT. Incorrect. Refer to Section 5.
35. Which statement best describes when a FOR loop should be used? Mark for

Review (1) Points When the number of iterations is known (*) When testing the value in a Boolean variable When the controlling condition must be evaluated at the start of each iteration Correct

36. Which statement best describes when a WHILE loop shouild be used? Review (1) Points When the number of iterations is known

Mark for

When repeating a sequence of statements until the controlling condition is no longer true (*) When assigning a value to a Boolean variable When testing whether a variable is null Correct 37. Which of the following blocks produces the same output as this block? BEGIN FOR i in 1 .. 3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; END; Mark for Review (1) Points DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); i := i + 1; END LOOP; END; DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP i := i + 1; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i); END LOOP; END; (*) DECLARE i PLS_INTEGER := 0; BEGIN WHILE i<3 LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i);

END LOOP; i := i+ 1; END; Correct 38. Examine the following code: DECLARE v_bool BOOLEAN := FALSE; v_counter NUMBER(4) := 0; BEGIN ... Line A END; Which of the following is NOT valid at line A? Mark for Review (1) Points WHILE NOT v_boolean LOOP WHILE v_boolean AND v_counter < 6 LOOP WHILE v_counter > 8 LOOP WHILE v_counter IN 1..5 LOOP (*) Correct 39. In a FOR loop, an implicitly declared counter automatically increases or decreases with each iteration. True or False? (1) Points True (*) False Correct 40. In a WHILE loop, the statements inside the loop must execute at least once. True or False? (1) Points True False (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.
41. What is the correct form of a simple IF statement? (1) Points Mark for Review Mark for Review Mark for Review

IF condition THEN statement; IF condition THEN statement; END IF; (*) IF condition; THEN statement; END IF; IF condition THEN statement ENDIF; Incorrect. Refer to Section 4. 42. You need to execute a set of statements 10 times, increasing a counter by 1 each time. Which of the following PL/SQL constructs can do this? (Choose three) Review (1) Points (Choose all correct answers) IF ... THEN ... ELSE A WHILE loop (*) CASE ... WHEN ... THEN A FOR loop (*) A basic loop (*) Correct 43. Examine the following code: DECLARE a BOOLEAN := TRUE; b BOOLEAN := FALSE; c BOOLEAN := TRUE; d BOOLEAN := FALSE; game char(4) := 'lost'; BEGIN IF ((a AND b) AND (c OR d)) THEN game := 'won'; END IF; What is the value of GAME at the end of this block? Mark for Review (1) Points NULL won'
Mark for

lost' (*) False Incorrect. Refer to Section 4.

44. What is the correct form of a compound IF statement? (1) Points IF condition THEN statement1 ELSE statement 2; Mark for Review

IF condition THEN statement1 ELSE statement 2; END IF; IF condition; THEN statement1; ELSE statement2; END IF; IF condition THEN statement1; ELSE statement2; END IF; (*) Correct 45. You want to display all locations, and the departments in each location. Examine the following code: DECLARE CURSOR loc_curs IS SELECT * FROM locations; CURSOR dept_curs(p_loc_id NUMBER) IS SELECT * FROM departments WHERE location_id = p_loc_id; BEGIN FOR loc_rec IN loc_curs LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(loc_rec.city); FOR dept_rec IN dept_curs(-- Point A --) LOOP DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dept_rec.department_name); END LOOP; END LOOP; END; What should you code at Point A? (1) Points p_loc_id location_id
Mark for Review

null LOOP ... END LOOP; loc_rec.location_id (*) Correct 46. Which of the following is a good reason to declare and use multiple cursors in a single PL/SQL block? Mark for Review (1) Points Multiple cursors improve performance. They are faster than using a single cursor. Multiple cursors use less memory than a single cursor. Multiple cursors allow us to fetch rows from two or more related tables without using a JOIN. (*) Multiple cursors are the only way to use cursors with parameters. Multiple cursors can be opened many times, while a single cursor can be opened only once. Correct
47. When using multiple nested cursors, what kinds of loops can you use? for Review (1) Points Cursor FOR loops only.

Mark

Basic loops only. WHILE loops only. None of the above. All of the above. (*) Incorrect. Refer to Section 5.

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