CCNP ROUTE- Chapter 1: Routing Services Chapter 1 Objectives

Describe common enterprise traffic requirements and network design models. Describe how to create a plan for implementing routing services in an enterprise network. Review the fundamentals of routing and compare various routing protocols.

Complex Enterprise Network Frameworks, Architectures, and Models

Converged networks contain a variety of different types of traffic, including the following: Voice and video trafficExamples include IP telephony, video broadcast and conferencing. Voice applications trafficGenerated by voice-related applications, such as contact centers, Mission-critical trafficGenerated by applications critical to an organization (for example, information generated by a stock exchange application at a finance company, patient records at a hospital, and so forth). Transactional trafficGenerated by applications such as those for e-commerce. Routing protocol trafficData from whichever routing protocols are running in the network, such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest Path First Protocol (OSPF), Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System Protocol (IS-IS), and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Network management trafficIncluding information about the status of the network and its devices. The requirements on the network differ significantly depending on the mix of traffic types, especially in terms of security and performance. Cisco Intelligent Information Network The Intelligent Information Network (IIN): Integrates networked resources and information assets. Extends intelligence across multiple products and infrastructure layers. Actively participates in the delivery of services and applications. The IIN technology vision consists of 3 three phases in which functionality can be added to the infrastructure as required: Integrated transport Integrated services Integrated applications
1

The Cisco vision of the future IIN encompasses these features: Integration of networked resources and information assets that have been largely unlinked: The modern converged networks with integrated voice, video, and data require that Information Technology (IT) departments more closely link the IT infrastructure with the network. Intelligence across multiple products and infrastructure layers: The intelligence built into each component of the network is extended network-wide and applies end-to-end. Active participation of the network in the delivery of services and applications: With added intelligence, the IIN makes it possible for the network to actively manage, monitor, and optimize service and application delivery across the entire IT environment. With the listed features, the IIN offers much more than basic connectivity, bandwidth for users, and access to applications. The IIN offers end-to-end functionality and centralized, unified control that promotes true business transparency and agility. 3 Phases of the IIN Phase 1: Integrated transport - Integrates data, voice, and video transport into a single, standards-based, modular network simplifying network management and generating enterprise-wide efficiencies. Phase 2: Integrated services - Integrated services help to unify common elements, such as storage and data center server capacity. - IT resources can now be pooled and shared, or virtualized, to address the changing needs of the organization. - Business continuity is also enhanced in the event of a local systems failure because shared resources across the IIN can provide needed services. Phase 3: Integrated applications - This phase focuses on making the network application-aware so that it can optimize application performance and more efficiently deliver networked applications to users. The IIN technology vision offers an evolutionary approach that consists of three phases in which functionality can be added to the infrastructure as required: Phase 1: Integrated transportEverything (data, voice, and video) consolidates onto an IP network for secure network convergence. By integrating data, voice, and video transport into a single, standards-based, modular network, organizations can simplify network management and generate enterprise-wide efficiencies. Network convergence also lays the foundation for a new class of IPenabled applications, delivered through Cisco Unified Communications solutions. Phase 2: Integrated servicesWhen the network infrastructure is converged, IT resources can be pooled and shared, or virtualized, to flexibly address the changing needs of the organization. Integrated services help to unify common elements, such as storage and data center server capacity. By extending this virtualization concept to encompass server, storage, and network elements, an organization can transparently use all of its resources more efficiently. Business continuity is also enhanced because in the event of a local systems failure, shared resources across the IIN can provide needed services. Phase 3: Integrated applicationsThis phase focuses on making the network application-aware so that it can optimize application performance and more efficiently deliver networked applications to users. With Application-Oriented Networking (AON) technology, Cisco has entered this third IIN phase. In addition to capabilities such as content caching, load balancing, and application-level security, the Cisco AON makes it possible for the network to simplify the application infrastructure by integrating intelligent application message handling, optimization, and security into the existing network.
2

Cisco SONA Framework The Cisco Service-Oriented Network Architecture (SONA) is an architectural framework to create a dynamic, flexible architecture and provide operational efficiency through standardization and virtualization. SONA provides guidance, best practices, and blueprints for connecting network services and applications to enable business solutions. In this framework, the network is the common element that connects and enables all components of the IT infrastructure. SONA help enterprises achieve their goals by leveraging: The extensive Cisco product-line services The proven Cisco architectures The experience of Cisco and its partners Cisco SONA is an architectural framework that guides the evolution of enterprise networks to an IIN. The Cisco SONA framework provides several advantages to enterprises, such as the following: Outlines the path towards the IIN Illustrates how to build integrated systems across a fully converged IIN Improves flexibility and increases efficiency, which results in optimized applications, processes, and resources. Cisco SONA Framework Layers The SONA framework outlines three layers:

SONA: Network Infrastructure Layer This layer provides connectivity anywhere and anytime. All the IT resources (servers, storage, and clients) are interconnected across a converged network foundation. This layer represents how these resources exist in different places in the network (campus, branch, data center, WAN, MAN and with the teleworker).
3

SONA: Interactive Services Layer Enables efficient allocation of resources to applications and business processes delivered through the networked infrastructure. Application and business processes include: Voice and collaboration services Mobility services Security and identity services Storage services Computer services Application networking services Network infrastructure virtualization Services management Adaptive management services SONA: Application Layer This layers objective is to meet business requirements and achieve efficiencies by leveraging the interactive services layer. It Includes business applications and collaboration applications such as: Commercial applications Internally developed applications Software as a Services (SaaS) Composite Apps/SOA Application layer: This layer includes business applications and collaboration applications. The objective for customers in this layer is to meet business requirements and achieve efficiencies by leveraging the interactive services layer. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns629/index.html http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/ns340/ns629/togaf_sona_guide.html Updated SONA Framework Cisco Systems has recently updated the SONA framework:

Cisco Enterprise Architecture The Cisco Enterprise Architecture helps companies to protect, optimize, and grow the infrastructure that supports business processes. The architecture provides integration of the entire networkcampus, data center, WAN, branches, and teleworkersoffering staff secure access to the tools, processes, and services. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/netsol/ns936/index.html The places in the network in the SONA Network Infrastructure Layer have been identified as follows:

The Cisco Enterprise Architecture

Campus Architecture Provides: High availability with a resilient multilayer design and redundant hardware and software features. Automatic procedures for reconfiguring network paths when failures occur. Multicast to provide optimized bandwidth consumption. Quality of Service (QoS). Integrated security. Flexibility to add IP security (IPsec) and MPLS VPNs, identity and access management, and VLANs to compartmentalize access. Branch Architecture Provides head-office applications and services, such as security, Cisco IP Communications, and advanced application performance. Integrates security, switching, network analysis, caching, and converged voice and video services into a series of integrated services routers in the branch. Enterprises can centrally configure, monitor, and manage devices that are located at remote sites. Data Center Architecture Adaptive network architecture that supports the requirements for consolidation, business continuance, and security. Redundant data centers provide backup services using synchronous and asynchronous data and application replication. The network and devices offer server and application load balancing to maximize performance. This solution allows the enterprise to scale without major changes to the infrastructure. Teleworker Architecture Also called the Enterprise Branch-of-One, it allows enterprises to deliver secure voice and data services to remote SOHO offices over a broadband access service. Centralized management minimizes the IT support costs. Campus security policies are implemented using robust integrated security and identity-based networking services. Staff can securely log on to the network over an always-on VPN and gain access to authorized applications and services. There is also the Cisco Enterprise WAN Architecture which offers the convergence of voice, video, and data services over a single Cisco Unified Communications network, which enables the enterprise to cost-effectively span large geographic areas. QoS, granular service levels, and comprehensive encryption options help ensure the secure delivery of high-quality corporate voice, video, and data resources to all corporate sites, enabling staff to work productively and efficiently wherever they are located. Security is provided with multiservice VPNs (using IPsec and MPLS) over Layer 2 or Layer 3 WANs, hub-and-spoke, or full-mesh topologies. Cisco Hierarchical Network Model The three-layer hierarchical model is used extensively in network design. The hierarchical model consists of the: Access layer Distribution layer Core layer

It provides a modular framework that allows design flexibility and facilitates implementation and troubleshooting. The hierarchical model is useful for smaller networks, but does not scale well to todays larger, more complex networks.