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Statistics Midterm 1623 2 Answer

The document describes a statistics midterm exam with 5 questions. Question 1 has multiple choice questions about expected scores and standard deviations. Question 2 deals with probabilities in a best-of-seven baseball series. Question 3 calculates means, revenues, and profits for a hamburger stand. Question 4 finds probabilities for pizza delivery times. Question 5 estimates customer spending at a gas station. The exam tests concepts like expected values, standard deviations, probabilities, and applying statistical calculations to word problems.

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1K views3 pages

Statistics Midterm 1623 2 Answer

The document describes a statistics midterm exam with 5 questions. Question 1 has multiple choice questions about expected scores and standard deviations. Question 2 deals with probabilities in a best-of-seven baseball series. Question 3 calculates means, revenues, and profits for a hamburger stand. Question 4 finds probabilities for pizza delivery times. Question 5 estimates customer spending at a gas station. The exam tests concepts like expected values, standard deviations, probabilities, and applying statistical calculations to word problems.

Uploaded by

Wolf's Rain
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics / Midterm Exam (Duration: 90 minutes)

Name:

Q1. A multiple-choice test has nine questions. For each question, there are four possible answers from which to select. One point is awarded for each correct answer, and points are not subtracted for incorrect answers. The instructor awards a bonus point if the student spells his or her name correctly. A student who has not studied for this test decides to choose at random an answer for each question. (a) Find the expected number of correct answers for the student on these nine questions. (b) Find the standard deviation of the number of correct answers for the student on these nine questions. (c) The student spells his name correctly. (i) Find the expected total score on the test for this student, (ii) Find the standard deviation of his total score on the test. Answer: a) 2.25 b) 1.30 c) 3.25, 1.30 Solution: X=B(9,0.25) a) E(X) = np = 9(0.25) = 2.25 b) STD(X) = SQRT(np(1-p)) = SQRT(9(0.25)(0.75)) = 1.30 c) Y = X +1 E(Y) = E(X) + 1 = 3.25, STD(Y) = STD(X) = 1.30 Q2. The World Series of baseball is to be played by team A and team B. The first team to win four games wins the series. Suppose that team A is the better team, in the sense that the probability is .6 that team A will win any specific game. Assume also that the result of any game is independent of that of any other. (a) What is the probability that team A will win the series? (b) What is the probability that a seventh game will be needed to determine the winner? (c) Suppose that, in fact, each team wins two of the first four games. i. What is the probability that team A will win the series? ii. What is the probability that a seventh game will be needed to determine the winner? Answer: a) 0.71021 b) 0.27648 c) 0.648, 0.48 Solution: Fact: A best-of-seven playoff, also known by the name seven-game series, puts two teams against each
other for as many games (or sets) as needed for one team to win four games (or sets). (source: wikipedia)

a) Probability = P(A win the series at 4th game) + ... + P(A win the series at 7th game) Write P(k) = P(A win the series at kth game) for short. P(4) = (0.6)4 = 0.1296, P(5) = (0.6)4(0.4)Choose(4,3) = 0.20736, explain: win 3 other games from the first 4 games P(6) = (0.6)4(0.4)2Choose(5,3) = 0.20736 P(7) = (0.6)4(0.4)3Choose(6,3) = 0.165888 Thus, Probability = P(4)+...+P(7) = 0.71021 b) Probability = P(A will win the series at 7th game) + P(B will win the series at 7th game) = (0.6)4.(0.4)3.Choose(6,3) + (0.4)4.(0.6)3.Choose(6,3) = 0.165888 + 0.110592 = 0.27648

c) (i) There are the following cases: AA* (no 7th game), ABA, BAA. Thus, the probability is: (0.6)2 + 2(0.6)2(0.4) = 0.648 (ii) There are 4 cases for the last 3 games: ABA, BAA, BAB, ABB. Thus, the probability is: 2(0.6)2(0.4) + 2(0.4)2(0.6) = 0.48

Q3. A hamburger stand sells burgers for $1.45 each. Daily sales have a distribution with mean 530 and standard deviation 69. (a) Find the mean daily total revenues from the sale of hamburgers. (b) Find the standard deviation of total revenues from the sale of hamburgers. (c) Daily costs (in dollars) are given by C = 100 + 0.95X where X is the number of hamburgers sold. Find the mean and standard deviation of daily profits from sales. Answer: a) $768.5 b) $100.05 c) $165, $34.5 Solution: Revenue R = (1.45).X, where daily sales X = N(530;692) a) E(R) = (1.45)530 = 768.5 ($) b) STD(R) = (1.45)69 = 100.05 ($) c) Profit P = R C = 1.45X (100+0.95X) = 0.5X 100 E(P) = (0.5)530 100 = 165 ($) STD(P) = (0.5)69 = 34.5 ($) Q4. A pizza delivery service delivers to a campus dormitory. Delivery times follow a normal distribution with mean 20 minutes and standard deviation 4 minutes. (a) What is the probability that a delivery will take between 15 and 25 minutes? (b) The service does not charge for the pizza if deliver takes more than 30 minutes. What is the probability of getting a free pizza from a single order? (c) During final exams week, a student plans to order pizza five consecutive evenings. Assume that these delivery times are independent of each other. What is the probability that the student will get at least one free pizza? (d) Find the shortest range of times that includes 40% of all deliveries from this service. (e) For a single delivery, state in which of the following ranges (expressed in minutes) delivery time is most likely to lie: 18-20 19-21 20-22 21-23 (f) For a single delivery, state in which of the following ranges (expressed in minutes) delivery time is least likely to lie: 18-20 19-21 20-22 21-23 Answer: a) 0.7888 b) 0.0062 c) 0.0306 d) 17.9 to 22.1 minutes e) 19-21 f) 2123 Solution: Delivery time X = N(20,42) a) P(15X25) = P(X25) P(X15) = 0.8944 - 0.1056 = 0.7888 b) P(X>30) = 0.0062 c) Probability = 1 (1-0.0062)5 = 0.0306 d) The range should be of the form [20-x,20+x]. Need to find x such that P(20-xX20+x) = 0.4 It is equivalent to P(-x/4 Z x/4) = 0.4 P(0Zx/4) = 0.2 P(Zx/4) = 0.7 From the table of standard normal distribution, we find x/4 = 0.524.

Thus, the interval is [17.9,22.1]. e) These ranges have same length. Thus the range time is most likely to lie should contain the mean 20, that is 19-21. f) Thus the range time is least likely to lie should farthest from the mean, that is 21-23. Q5. It is estimated that amounts of money spent on gasoline by customers at a gas station follow a normal distribution with standard deviation $2.50. It was also found that 10% of all customers spend more than $15. What percentage of customers spend less than $10? Answer: 23.58% Solution: X=N(,2.52) We know P(X>15) = 0.1, and want to find P(X<10). P(Z>(15-)/2.5) = 0.1 P(Z(15-)/2.5) = 0.9 Hence (15-)/2.5 = 1.28, so = 11.8. Thus, X=N(11.8,2.52). P(X<10) = 0.2358. Thus, 23.58% of customers spend less than $10.

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