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Tunnel Boring Machine

This presentation summarizes information about tunnel boring machines (TBMs). It includes sections on the types of TBMs for different ground conditions, the requirements for using a TBM, opportunities for TBM use in India, and comparisons between TBMs and the drill-and-blast method (DBM). The types of TBMs covered are slurry, soft ground earth pressure balance, and hard ground machines. Performance factors and advantages of TBMs over DBM are also summarized, along with risks such as soil cave-ins and equipment breakdowns. Example TBM project photos are provided from the Kishanganga Hydroelectric Plant in Kashmir, India.

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Siddhartha Kamat
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
838 views

Tunnel Boring Machine

This presentation summarizes information about tunnel boring machines (TBMs). It includes sections on the types of TBMs for different ground conditions, the requirements for using a TBM, opportunities for TBM use in India, and comparisons between TBMs and the drill-and-blast method (DBM). The types of TBMs covered are slurry, soft ground earth pressure balance, and hard ground machines. Performance factors and advantages of TBMs over DBM are also summarized, along with risks such as soil cave-ins and equipment breakdowns. Example TBM project photos are provided from the Kishanganga Hydroelectric Plant in Kashmir, India.

Uploaded by

Siddhartha Kamat
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering & Technology Updates-Presentation The Tunnel Boring Machine

Presented By: Siddhartha Kamat-251075 Gourav Kapoor-251076 Rohit Kaushik-2510 Kabir Mansharamani-251104

Contents of the Presentation


Introduction Types of Tunnel Boring Machine Requirements of a TBM Opportunities in India Procurement

Parts and Operation of a TBM-Video TBM Utilization Suitability of a TBM Performance of a TBM Advantages Risks Involved Comparison between TBM and DBM

Introduction
Excavation of Tunnels-Also known as the mole-Hard rock or Sand Tunnel Diameters range from 1m to 19.25m to date TBM as an alternative to the DBM Advantages over DBM
Major Disadvantage-Upfront Cost-Expensive to Construct and Transport Tunnelling with TBM is more efficient as tunnel lengths increase

The first boring machine-in 1845-Commisioned to link France and Italy

through the Alps 2 major Classifications of TBM-Hard Ground and Soft Ground TBMs

Types of TBMs-Slurry Type

In soft ground-very high water pressure-large amount of G/W-completely enclosed work environment-bentonite slurry mixed with soil-slurry transported via tubes outside for separation-recycled back.

Types of TBMs-Soft Ground EPB

In soft ground-less than 7 bar pressure-cutter head uses discs as well as combination of tungsten carbide cutting bits, carbide disc cutters and hard rock disc cutters-capable of holding soft ground by maintaining balance b/w earth and pressure.

Types of TBMs-Hard Ground

Uses disc cutters mounted in cutter head-create compressive stress fractures in the rock-causing it to chip away from the rock into tunnel face-belt conveyor removes the muck-gripper system to advance.

Requirements of a TBM
High Financial Capabilities of the Client
High Upfront Payment Capabilities

Supporting Infrastructure for Launching, Operation and Maintenance


High Mechanical Background Support Staff

Good Logistic Capabilities Suitability to Terrain and Geological Conditions


Highly Skilled Personnel

Technical and Financial Feasibility

Opportunities in India
Hydro Tunnels-NHPC, NTPC, TDHC, NEEPCO Transport Tunnels-NHAI, Delhi Metro, Kolkata Metro, Mumbai Metro, Chennai Metro, Indian Railways Water Supply and Sewerage Tunnels-Local Municipal Bodies
Total Hydropower Potential-84,044 MW The Himalayan Terrain

Resources Required in Future Tunnels- INR 732,000,000,000/ 18000 Skilled Manpower by 2017 for around 600 Tunnels

INR 24 Billion worth of Machinery and Equipment by 2017


Source: Central Board of Irrigation and Power

Procurement-Major Manufacturers

Italy

Germany

United States

Switzerland

Parts and Operation of a TBM Video

TBM Utilization

Suitability of the TBM

Performance of a TBM
Factors Determining Performance of a TBM:
Instantaneous penetration rates(P), measured in mm/rev or m/hr for only the time TBM spends cutting the ground. TBM Utilization(U %), proportion of time spent cutting expressed as an avg. of the total available working time (T in hrs/weeks).
Cutting Rate Consumption (20 to 200 m3 /mining hr)or Cutter Cost & Delays for tunnelling through major geological features where this is measurable in days or weeks. TBM advance rates(m/week) are predicted by the relationship:
o Advance Rate= Distance Mined / Shift Time (in m/week)
o TBM Productivity on an average for 3.5m Dia. TBM is 130m/week but World Record is 703m in a week by Robbins TBM (Katoomba Carrier in Australia).

Advantages
Major Advantages
o cost savings resulting from qualitative advantages of mechanical excavation o TBM excavation rates four to six times higher than D&B excavation o Over-break (cost of delivered concrete, wastage and labour to fill over-break) o labour crew costs o associated supplies (drill bits, TBM cutters, blasting agent)

o support costs o elimination of temporary construction structures (access adits and/or shafts)

Advantages
Operational Advantages
o structural stability and safety at the face and work area o continuous (non-cyclic) operation

o consistent, less skilled and easily trained operations (labour is assigned to limited tasks that are repetitive, become routine, and may even produce
competition among the labourers) o safer and more pleasant working environment than in D&B

Safety Continuity of Operation Skilled Labour Advantages Performance Advantages

Risks Involved in the TBM


Soil Cave-in and Cavities Fluctuating Productivity
Break Down & Maintenance Losses

Proper Soil Investigation not done Non availability of support services

TBM as an alternative to DBM

Site Photographs-KGHEP, Kashmir

Thank You!

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