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Simple Pendulum

The document describes an experiment performed to study the factors that affect the period of a simple pendulum. It was found that the mass and amplitude do not affect the period, but the length of the string is the major contributing factor. Three tables show data on the effect of amplitude, mass, and length on the period. The length was found to be directly proportional to the square of the period. Calculations determine the acceleration due to gravity at different lengths.

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217 views3 pages

Simple Pendulum

The document describes an experiment performed to study the factors that affect the period of a simple pendulum. It was found that the mass and amplitude do not affect the period, but the length of the string is the major contributing factor. Three tables show data on the effect of amplitude, mass, and length on the period. The length was found to be directly proportional to the square of the period. Calculations determine the acceleration due to gravity at different lengths.

Uploaded by

ann_michelle7
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Group No: 7 Section : 2CPH Names: Regala, James Anand Sarte, Sabrina Nicole Siao, Ann Michelle Sibulo,

Michael Tan, Victoria Franchesca

Date performed : January 3, 2013 Date submitted : January 10, 2013

Experiment No. 3 THE SIMPLE PENDULUM Abstract A simple pendulum is one which can be considered to be a point mass suspended from a string or rod of negligible mass. In this activity, we performed 3 different experiments with varying length of the string, amplitude or mass of the bob. We observed and recorded the time for 20 complete vibrations of each trial and computed for period, square of the period, acceleration due to gravity and percentage error. We observed that mass and amplitude dont affect the period of the simple pendulum. We learned that the length of the string is the major contributing factor of a simple pendulum. I. Objectives 1. 2. 3. 4. Observe the motion of a simple pendulum To study simple harmonic motion Determine the factors that affect the period of a simple pendulum Measure the value of acceleration due to gravity by use of a simple pendulum

II. Presentation of data Table 1. Effect of the amplitude on the period Length = 80.0 cm Trial 1 2 3 Amplitude (degrees) 5 10 15 Time for 20 complete vibrations (s) 36.40 35.90 36.50 Period(s) 1.820 1.795 1.825

Table 2. Effect of the mass of the bob on the period L = 80.0 cm Trial 1 2 3 Amplitude = 15 Time for 20 complete vibrations (s) 36.30 36.50 36.90 Period(s) 1.800 1.825 1.845

Mass (grams) 20.00 50.00 100.00

Table 3. Effect of length to the pendulum on the period Amplitude = 15 Length (cm) 80.0 60.0 40.0 20.0 Time for 20 complete vibrations (s) 36.50 31.30 25.50 18.10 Period(s) 1.825 1.565 1.275 0.905 Square of the period (s2) 3.331 2.449 1.626 0.8190 Acceleration due to gravity (m/s2) 9.48 9.67 9.71 9.64 Percentage error 3.3% 1.3% 0.9% 1.6%

III. Computation

L = 80.0 cm T = 1.825

L= 60.0 cm T = 1.565

= 9.48
% error = L = 40.0 cm T = 1.275 x 100 = 3.3% % error = L= 20.0 cm T = 0.905

= 9.67
x 100 = 1.3%

= 9.71
% error = x 100 = 0.9% % error =

= 9.64
x 100 = 1.6%

IV. Questions and problems 1. Using MS Excel, graph and display table 3. Length Vs Square of Time. What relationship exists between the length of a pendulum and the square of its period?

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 20 40 Length 60 80 100

Based on the graph shown, when the length increases, the square of time also increases. This means that the length is directly proportional the square of time. 2. What are the factors affecting the period of a simple pendulum? Theoretically, there is only one factor that can affect the period of a simple pendulum. It is the length of the string. But during the experiment, there are some external factors to consider. Some of which to consider are the human errors made. 3. What must you do to the length of a simple pendulum so that its period is doubled? T~

Since T is directly proportional to the square root of L over g, all we need to do to make its period double is to multiply the length by 4. 4. Determine the acceleration due to gravity in a location where a simple pendulum is 150.0 cm long makes 100 vibrations in 246s. Given L = 150.0 cm = 0.15m Vibrations = 100 Time for 100 complete vibrations = 246s Period =

Square of time

= 2.46s
= 9.79m/s2

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