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This document describes an experiment on a common emitter amplifier circuit using a bipolar junction transistor. The objectives are to investigate the amplifying action, determine operating voltages, and simulate the output signal. The basic concept explains that common emitter amplifiers typically have voltage and current gains between 100-1000, high power gain over 1000, and input/output impedances between 1K-10K ohms. The procedure connects the circuit and measures voltages and signals using an oscilloscope and signal generator. Computations are shown to calculate expected values which are then compared to measured data.

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Aura Paige Montecastro-Revilla
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145 views7 pages

Edc

This document describes an experiment on a common emitter amplifier circuit using a bipolar junction transistor. The objectives are to investigate the amplifying action, determine operating voltages, and simulate the output signal. The basic concept explains that common emitter amplifiers typically have voltage and current gains between 100-1000, high power gain over 1000, and input/output impedances between 1K-10K ohms. The procedure connects the circuit and measures voltages and signals using an oscilloscope and signal generator. Computations are shown to calculate expected values which are then compared to measured data.

Uploaded by

Aura Paige Montecastro-Revilla
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT 6: COMMON EMITTER AMPLIFIER

I. OBJECTIVES
1. To investigate the amplifying action of a bipolar junction transistor as common-emitter amplifier circuit configuration. 2. To determine the dc operating voltages of common-emitter amplifier configuration. 3. To simulate the output signal of a common emitter using oscilloscope with the given input signal and its voltage phase relationship.

II. BASIC CONCEPT


BJT amplifiers have three configurations: common-emitter, common-collector, and common-base, each having unique combination of characteristics. In common-emitter amplifier (CE), emitter of the transistor is common to both the input and output of the circuit. Typically it has midrange values of voltage and current gain (ranges from 100 to 1000), high power gain (greater than 1000), and midrange input and output impedances (ranges from 1K to 10K). The input and output voltages of a CE amplifier have a phase shift of 180 regardless of the input and output currents phase. A small-signal amplifier is designed to operate affectively with small ac input signals, at power levels less than 1W. a small-signal is one whose peak-to-peak ac current value is less than 0.1 times the amplifiers input bias current.

III. MATERIALS
Quantity
1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1

Description
1K (1/2 W) 100K (1/2 W) 3.9K (1/2 W) 2.2K (1/2 W) 2N2222 NPN transistor 1uF capacitors 220uF electrolytic capacitor 0 15V DC Power Supply VOM Dual Trace Oscilloscope Signal Generator Breadboard

IV. WIRING DIAGRAMS

Oscilloscope
Ext T rig + _ A B _ + _

V2 12 V

Function Generator 25mV/1KHz

R1 100k

RC 3.9k

C2 1uF XSC1 Q1 6

C1 2N3904 1uF RE 1k

C3 R2 2.2k 220uF

31 0 XFG1 2 5 00 0

Figure 6.1 Common-Emitter Amplifier Circuit

V. PROCEDURE
1. Connect the circuit shown in Figure 6.1. 2. Before connecting the signal generator to the input, measure the V c,VB, VE, VBE and VCE. Record the result in Table 6.1. 3. Connect the signal generator to the input and set it to 1KHz with amplitude of 0.5 Vp-p. 4. Place the oscilloscope probe ch1 at the input (base ground) to measure the input voltage. 5. Draw the input signal indicating its peak-to-peak voltage and record in its proper order setting of the vertical attenuator of the oscilloscope marked V/division. 6. Using oscilloscope probe ch2, measure the output voltage (Vout) at Cc to ground. 7. Draw the output signal indicating its peak-to-peak voltage and record in its proper order setting of the vertical attenuator of the oscilloscope marked V/division. 8. Calculate the voltage gain of the amplifier from the formula Av = Vout / Vin and record it in Table 6.1.

VI. DATA AND RESULTS


PARAMETER VB VC VE VCE VBE Av MEASURED VALUE 0.2 V 11.514 V -485.96 mV 12 V 0.7 V -4.775 Table 6.1 EXPECTED VALUE 0.2675 V 13.6692 V -432.4 mV 14.1016 V 0.7 V -4.1497 % ERROR 25.23 % 12.21 % 12.38 % 14.90 % 0% 15.06 %

VII. SAMPLE COMPUTATIONS


EXPECTED VALUES COMPUTATIONS 2N3904: = 100 VBE = 0.7 V 1/RTH = 1/100k + 1/2200 VTH = [(2200 )(12 V)]/[102200 ] RTH = 2152.641 VTH = 0.2583 V IB = -4.28 uA

IB = (0.2583 V 0.7 V)/[2152.641 + (101)(1000 )] IC = (100)(-4.28 uA) IE = (101)(-4.28 uA) VE = (-0.432 mA)(1000 ) VC = 12 V (3900 )(-4.28 mA) VB = -0.432 V + 0.7 V VCE = 13.6692 V (-0.4324 V) AV = - (3900)/[(26 mV/-0.432mA) + 1000]

IC = -0.428 mA IE = -0.432 mA VE = -432.4 mV VC = 13.6692 V VB = 0.2675 V VCE = 14.1016 V AV = -4.1497

VIII. GRAPHS

IX. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS


Based from the experiment, due to low collector supply voltage (being the 12 V) to begin the simulation, the expected values will be started with negative values especially the three current: the collector current, the emitter current, and the base current, and theoretically, the base voltage and the collector voltage

X. CONCLUSIONS

XI. SELF-TEST QUESTIONS


1. Indicate which junctions or electrodes where the input signal is introduced, and between which electrodes the output signal is taken for the following circuit configuration; a. Common-emitter amplifier Input is between ___________ and ____________ Output is between__________ and_____________ b. Common-base amplifier Input is between ___________ and ____________ Output is between__________ and_____________ c. Common-collector amplifier Input is between ___________ and ____________ Output is between__________ and_____________ 2. Which transistor amplifier circuit configuration provides both voltage and current gain? It is the common emitter amplifier that provides both voltage and current gain. 3. Which transistor amplifier circuit configuration causes a 180 phase shift input to output? It is the common base amplifier that causes a 180 phase shift input to output.

XI. APPLICATION (CIRCUIT SIMULATION)


Compute for the values of R1 and RC for the given network if ICQ=2mA and VCEQ=10V. Verify your answer by simulating the circuit using the values of the resistor (R1 and RC) obtained from the computation.
18V

4.7k R1 RC Vo 10F Vin 10F C1 Q1 2N1711 R2 C2 R3 80k

18k

1.2k

Using the same transistor as in the experiment, = 100 1/RTH = 1/R1 + 1/18000 IBQ = 2mA/100 VTH = (18000)(18V)/(R1 + 18000) IBQ = 20 uA

20 uA=[(18000)(18V)/(R1 + 18000) 0.7 V]/{[(R1)(18000)/(R1 + 18000)]+ [121200]

R1 = 1.673 x 109 IEQ = 2.02 mA VE = (2.02 mA)(1.2 k) = 2.424 V VC = 10 V+ 2.424 V = 12.424 V 18 V = (RC)(2 mA) + 12.424 V RC = 2788

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