Application Report

SWRA382 October 2011

TMS37157 Passive Low-Frequency Interface IC Performance With Neosid Antennas

Kostas Aslanidis and Andre Frantzke

..................................................................................................
ABSTRACT

The Texas Instruments low-frequency transponder technology provides the possibility to use the TMS37157 (PaLFI) IC in combination with various antennas to meet application performance requirements. For cost optimization purposes, off the shelf antennas can be used from various coil manufacturers. This application report describes the performance measured with the antennas available from Neosid Pemetzrieder GmbH & Co. KG http://www.neosid.de/

Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 2 2 TMS37157 Dual Interface IC .............................................................................................. 2 3 Test Setup ................................................................................................................... 5 4 Neosid ........................................................................................................................ 8 5 Contacts and References ................................................................................................ 12 Appendix A ANNEX ............................................................................................................. 13 List of Figures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 TMS37157 System Concept ............................................................................................... 3 TMS37157 System Block diagram

.......................................................................................

TMS37157 Application Example .......................................................................................... 4 Performance Test Set-Up .................................................................................................. 5 TMS37157 Internal and External Voltage Regulator ................................................................... 6 Voltage and Current Test Arrangement .................................................................................. 6 eZ430-TMS37157 EVM Reader

.......................................................................................... ...................................................................

7 9

RI-RFM-007B RF Power Module ......................................................................................... 7 Neosid Antenna Functional Performance Summary

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Introduction 10 11 12 13 14 Neosid Antenna Induced Voltage/Current Performance

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............................................................. PaLFI EVM Reader at 5 V USB Power Supply ........................................................................ PaLFI EVM Reader at 12 V ext. Power Supply ....................................................................... RI-RFM-007 + RI-ANT-S01C at 12 V Power Supply ................................................................. RI-RFM-007 + RI-ANT-G02E at 12 V Power Supply .................................................................

10 11 11 12 12

Introduction
The Texas Instruments low frequency half-duplex (HDX) transponder technology allows the possibility to improve the communication distance and performance between the transponder and reader. This document provides information and measurement results based on different system RF power levels and antenna dimensions. The type of antennas used for the tests, are off the shelf antennas from Neosid Pemetzrieder GmbH & Co. KG (http://www.neosid.de) and some additional form factors to show the performance difference and capabilities.

2 2.1

TMS37157 Dual Interface IC IC Overview

The TMS37157 TI RFID transponder IC Passive Low-Frequency Interface (PaLFI) is designed to work in the low-frequency band (134.2 kHz) and uses the HDX RFID communication protocol. The IC provides a dual communication interface: One interface is used for the communication over the RF interface One for the communication over the SPI interface The IC fully operates as a passive RFID transponder without any need for external power supply. For additional functionality, the IC can be directly connected to a MSP430 microcontroller via the SPI interface. Depending on the system parameters and antennas used on the both reader and tag side, the PaLFI can supply external modules and components (e.g., uC, sensors, LED, etc.) with power derived from the magnetic field over various distances. This application report shows how to define the parameters to meet the system performance requirements.

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TMS37157 Dual Interface IC

Figure 1 shows a top level system overview and Figure 2 illustrates a block diagram of the IC.
EEPROM Connected to MSP430 TX/RX Modules LED / Switch

RFID Interface

Dig. / Analog Sensor

SPI LR CR AFE Transponder EEPROM Wacke up Power mode CL Vcc MSP430

VBAT

RFID Connected to EEPROM

CAP

BAT

Figure 1. TMS37157 System Concept

TMS37157

EEPROM

ROM

CRC GEN.

ENCR.

RF LR CR

TRP INTF. VBATI VOLT. REG. CONTROL UNIT VCCD S P I

CLKA/M SIMO SOMI SPI_CLK BUSY

CL

VCL GND

Q CL S

CLEAR

VBATI ON

VBAT BATBATI VBAT PUSH VBATI

BAT

CBAT

Figure 2. TMS37157 System Block diagram

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TMS37157 Dual Interface IC

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2.2

Applications
Medical Configuration of hearing aids, implants Batteryless operation of implants and sensors Wireless, battery-less sensor interface Wireless operation of sensors attached to containers, and other objects Configuration interface (PLC, CD/DVD Player) End of production line configuration of electronic devices; configuration of already packaged goods in the warehouse Stand alone LF RFID transponder with memory Works as stand alone device without microcontroller Metering PaLFI in, e.g., E-meters works without battery: Counter values can be read even if battery is empty, or remains switched off Semi-active transponder Wireless charging Wireless activation and deactivation (wake-up) of remote devices

2.3

TMS37157 System Description

A typical RFID system consists basically of two main components: Reader Transponder The proper definition and design of the transponder and reader system parameters will provide the best possible system performance. The TMS37157 operates as a typical RFID system, but offers additional functionality that can be executed using the MSP430 microcontroller connected directly to the PaLFI via the SPI interface. A typical application with an active UHF transceiver can be seen in Figure 3.

CC1101
UHF Transceiver

Digital or Analog Sensor

TRS202
RS232 Driver

CC1101
ENERGY LF DATA

MSP430 PaLFI TMS37157

LF Transponder with EEPROM

MSP430 TPS71299
Dual LDO

TMS3705
LF Base Station 134,2 kHz

Reader/Writer

Sensor System

Figure 3. TMS37157 Application Example

2.4

TMS37157 Product Collaterals and Support

http://www.ti.com/tool/ez430-tms37157 Data Sheet and Manual Application Reports Example source code in C for all transponder functions

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Test Setup

SPI library for using the TMS37157 with an MSP430 Reader/writer base station source code in C GUI Recommended application circuit Antenna design support

Further information can be found at: http://www.ti.com/product/tms37157 http://www.ti.com/product/tms3705 http://focus.ti.com/wireless/docs/wirelessoverview.tsp?familyId=2003&sectionld=646&tabId=2 735 http://www.ti.com/product/msp430f2274 80mA, 10V, 3.2A Quiescent Current Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in SC70 or SON 2x2 Data Sheet (SBVS116) http://www.ti.com/product/ri-rfm-007b http://focus.ti.com/paramsearch/docs/parametricsearch.tsp?family=rfid&sectionId=475&tabId=2104&fa milyId=1354&paramCriteria=no

3 3.1

Test Setup Test Setup

A simple test set-up can be used to measure the system performance (voltage and current) over distance.

PC TI EVM / GUI Reader

A N T E N N A

Distance

Volt / Current meter PaLFI Board and Antenna

Figure 4. Performance Test Set-Up

3.2

Voltage Regulator
For applications where a current up to 4 mA is required, the internal regulator can be used as described in the product documents. For applications where a higher current is required, an external voltage regulator is recommended. As an example, the TPS71433 can be used. For more information, see the 80mA, 10V, 3.2A Quiescent Current Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in SC70 or SON 2x2 Data Sheet (SBVS116).

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Test Setup
P3.1_UCB0SMO 10 P3.1 21 R3 P4.5 1K GND

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GND

82 4143_MINIMELF

JP1 1 2

Ext: External voltage regulator TPS71xxx connected to VCL

4 2 C6 na

N OUT GND

5 C5 n3 current mesasurement GND VCC_BAT

P4.0 P4.1 P4.2

P3.1_UCB0SOMI P3.1_UCB0CLK U4 TPS71433

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

P3.2 P3.3 AVSS AVCC P4.0 P4.1 P4.2 P4.3 P4.4 P4.5

P4.5

Output Voltage (2.1V/3V)

R1

10M

C13 100nF

C14 10uF

GND

I2C TMS37157

16 15 14 13

GND GND

GND

VCL GND VBAT VBAT1

TCLK TDAT TEN C12 VCL 220nF R11 1M P1.3

1 2 3 4

RF1 TCLK TDAT TEN

SPI_SIMO SPI_SOMI PAD SPI_CLK CLKA_M

12 11 10 9

GND

Int: Internal regutator used (VBAT)

470p/NPO/2%

Antenna

C11

RF1

MOSFET-NCH_SOT-23

L1

GND GND

Q1

GND

Figure 5. TMS37157 Internal and External Voltage Regulator

3.3

Measurement Set-Up
A variable resistor is used to simulate the load on the output. At a certain distance between the reader and the PaLFI board, the resistor value at the output is changed until the desired voltage has been reached. At that position and resistor setting, the current through the resistor can be recorded. The same circuit and test procedure can be used to measure the induced voltage and current in both cases using an external or the internal voltage regulator. This measurement has to be repeated for different distances and antenna/power combination.
U1 CL4148_MINIMELF

5 6 7 8

EOBA NPOR PUSH BUSY

TPS71433
4 2 IN OUT GND 5

GND

Device/ Sensor
R4 100k 100k R7
GND VCC BAT

P4. P4. P4.

R1

GND

10M

GND

C13 100nF

C14 10uF

I U

C12 220nF R11 1M

IC2 TMS37157

16 15 14 13

GND GND

GND

GND

GND

TCLK TDAT

1 2 3 4

VCL GND VBAT VBATI

R
12 11 10

RF1 TCLK TDAT

SPI_SIMO SPI_SOMI PAD SPI_CLK

Figure 6. Voltage and Current Test Arrangement

3.4

eZ430 TMS37157 5 V Power Supply Over USB

The reader module is supplied only with 5 V from the USB. The detailed description can be found in the device-specific users guide.

GND

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Test Setup

Figure 7. eZ430-TMS37157 EVM Reader

3.5

eZ430 TMS37157 12 V External Power Supply

The Reader module is connected to the PC via USB, but is supplied with 5 V-12 V from an external power source. In this case, remove the 0- resistors from the R34 position and solder the same resistor on position R35. The detailed description can be found in the device-specific users guide.

3.6

eZ430 TMS37157 High Power Reader Module (RI-RFM-007B)

This option describes an easy way to get fast access to a high power reader. The TI RI-RFM-007B high power module can be used in combination with the PaLFI EVM reader. In that case the PaLFI EVM reader module will be used as the controller to control the RF power module. Small modifications on the EVM HW and a FW update will be needed. For modifications of the EVM module, see Section A.4. You can choose the reader antenna dimensions to be used. TI does offer a portfolio on reader antennas for high power readers, but you can design your own antenna, too. Neosid does have experience on antenna design and will support the design activities. For volume production, the RI-RFM-007B can be used with any other control module supporting the PaLFI functionality.

Figure 8. RI-RFM-007B RF Power Module

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Neosid

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Neosid
Neosid is a company specialized in antenna production and design. The company has many years of experience on RFID antenna design and already offers standard antennas for the PaLFI device. Neosid provides design support forPaLFI antennas and also offers low-volume samples for test purposes.

4.1

Neosid Antenna Specification

The specification and data sheets of the antennas used for the measurements and additional form factors can be found in the ANNEX 1 Neosid Antenna Specification or at http://www.neosid.de/UK_Site/Transponder_UK.htm.

4.2

Neosid Antenna Test Execution

Several tests have been executed to generate a performance overview of the Neosid antennas used in combination with the PaLFI device. Communication distance over functionality (detection and data communication range) Induced Current and Voltage over distance

4.2.1

Neosid Antenna Functional Performance Table 1 provides an overview of the measured communication distance of the Neosid standard PaLFI antennas using the EVM reader. To increase the performance, the Reader is set to an operating voltage of 5 V and 12 V. The tested system functionality is: Read Single Block, Write Configuration and Flash LED as described in the eZ430-TMS37157 Development Tool User's Guide (SLAU281). Table 1. Neosid Antenna Functional Performance
NEOSID Part # Read Range [mm] 00 6172 44 Read Page Configuration Flash LED 88 840 62 Read Page Configuration Flash LED 88 840 65 Read Page Configuration Flash LED 88 8040 61 Read Page Configuration Flash LED 88 8040 71 Read Page Configuration Flash LED 88 8040 72 Read Page Configuration Flash LED 88 8040 66 Read Page Configuration Flash LED Read Page Configuration Flash LED Reader eZ430-TMS37157 at 5V USB supply 65 53 42 115 94 75 45 42 39 49 47 42 61 53 35 85 67 55 50 42 38 eZ430-TMS37157 at 12V External supply 98 85 74 170 140 120 68 64 61 69 67 62 87 71 61 112 92 86 92 75 58

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Neosid

4.2.2

Neosid Antenna Functional Performance Summary Figure 9 gives an overview of the communication (operating) distance using the PaLFI IC with the Neosid 00 6172 44 antenna and different reader RF power and antenna geometry.

Figure 9. Neosid Antenna Functional Performance Summary

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4.2.3

Neosid Antenna Induced Voltage/Current Performance Figure 10 illustrates how to read the diagrams.

Figure 10. Neosid Antenna Induced Voltage/Current Performance

10

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Neosid

Figure 11. PaLFI EVM Reader at 5 V USB Power Supply

Figure 12. PaLFI EVM Reader at 12 V ext. Power Supply

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Contacts and References

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Figure 13. RI-RFM-007 + RI-ANT-S01C at 12 V Power Supply

Figure 14. RI-RFM-007 + RI-ANT-G02E at 12 V Power Supply

Contacts and References

http://www.neosid.de/ http://www.ti.com/product/tms37157 80mA, 10V, 3.2A Quiescent Current Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in SC70 or SON 2x2 Data Sheet (SBVS116) eZ430-TMS37157 Development Tool User's Guide (SLAU281) http://www.ti.com/rfid/ http://www.neosid.de/index_UK.htm

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Appendix A ANNEX A.1 Neosid Antenna Specification

Rx/Tx-Antennas
Series Ms 32ka [10H-39 mH]
L Q fL,Q [kHz] fres RDC Imax S Art. Nr.: [mH] [MHz] [] [mA] [mV/A/m] 2.66 55 125/134 0,6 26 50 35 00 6172 44 Gluing with PCB by HSF optional S-measurement with Helmholtz coil at *125 kHz, *1 21,8 kHz
Flat Top
3.6

Ltflchen - Empfehlung: 12,0

2,5

11,6

1,6

Series Ms 32c [10H-39mH]

L [mH] 2.66 Q fL,Q [kHz] 125 fres [MHz] 0,5 RDC [] 20 Imax [mA] 30
14,5
14,8

S* [mV/A/m]

2,8

Art. Nr.: 88 8040 61

Gluing with PCB by HSF optional

measurement with Helmholtz coil at *125 kHz, *1 21,8 kHz SFlat Top
24 ,
2,75

1,6
3,2

Series Ms 62
L [mH] 2.66 Q 60 fL,Q [kHz] 125/134 fres [MHz] 0,5 RDC [] 3 Imax [mA] 200 S [mV/A/m] Art. Nr.: 88 8040 62

Gluing with PCB by HSF optional

34,8

S-measurement with Helmholtz coil at *125 kHz, *1 21,8 kHz

A
9,8 7,2

3,5
Z E

5,5

10,5

30,0

Ltflchen - Empfehlung 3,5 : 1

26,5

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Air Coil Antenna Specification

Series Sd 8
L [mH] 2.66 Q 120 fL,Q [kHz] 125 fres [MHz] 0.7 RDC [] 12 Imax [mA] 150 S* [mV/A/m] Art. Nr.: 88 8040 72

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<9,9

<8,2

L-Wert ... ... ... ... ... ... Fertigungs- Code nach DIN- IEC 62 z.B.: D5 = 5.1993 NEOSID

Ansicht von oben (ohne Haube)

7,2 -0,3

15+ 0,5

9.

A
18

5 12,7

Series SM-W903 [1H-65mH]

L [mH] 2.66
9,5

Q 70

fL,Q [kHz] 125/134

fres [MHz] 1,0

2,9

RDC [] 16

Imax [mA] 60

S* [mV/A/m] -

Art. Nr.: 88 8040 66

S-measurement with Helmholtz coil at *125 kHz, *1 21,8 kHz

10,0

10,7

11 ,0

A.2

Air Coil Antenna Specification

Table 2. Air coil 22mm
Min DI [mm] DO [mm] Q Inductance [mH] Wire [mm] 60 2.66 0.1 at 134.2kHz Nom 14.3 22 Max Comment

Table 3. Air coil 77mm

Min DI [mm] DO [mm] Q Inductance [mH] Wire [mm] 60 2.66 0.1 at 134.2kHz Nom 55 77 Max Comment

14

2,8

3,6

5,6

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PaLFI Reference Circuit / Design

A.3

PaLFI Reference Circuit / Design

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PaLFI EVM Power Module HW Modifications

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A.4
A.4.1

PaLFI EVM Power Module HW Modifications

Reader Modules RI-RFM-008B: http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/ri-rfm-008b.html RI-RFM-007B: http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/ri-rfm-007b.html Reader Antenna: http://focus.ti.com/paramsearch/docs/parametricsearch.tsp?family=rfid&amp;sectionId=475&amp;tabId =2104&amp;familyId=1354amp;paramCriteria=no

A.4.2

Parts Needed RI-ACC-ADR2 Board (found in ez430-TMS37157 kit) RI-RFM-007B Module (available through distribution) see the Series 2000 Reader System High Performance Reader Frequency Module RI-RFM-007B Reference Guide (SCBU022) RI-ANT-x0xx Antenna (available through distribution) see the Antenna Reference Guide (SCBU025) Recommended Components 330 resistor (for current limiting TXCT activity LED) 1k resistor 2.2k resistor One LED (your choice of color and size, for TXCT activity indication) Board Headers for mounting RFM (0.100CTR Double Row Style) Four 4x40 Standoffs (for mounting RFM to circuit board) Small Circuit Board 15 x 10 or greater size (similar to picture at end of presentation)

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+5V (J4 Pin 9)

PaLFI EVM Power Module HW Modifications

RI-ACC-ADR2 (PaLFI Base Station) + 12 V

Reader Modules 330 Jumper (for power measurement) + 12 V

J4 Pin 10 J4 Pin 3 TXCT Pin 2 (TXCT)

SCIO

J4 Pin 4

RXDAT

Pin 4 (RXDAT) 1K Pin 6 (RXCLK) 2.2K Pin 1, 7, 9

R33

J4 Pin 2

RXCLK

Note: Change needed on board!

J4 Pin 5, 6

Implement change on RI-ACC-ADR2 board - remove R33 and connect J4 pin2 with via

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PaLFI EVM Power Module HW Modifications

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Use modified Firmware that can handle the RXCLK / RXDAT signals Firmware file for RI-ACC-ADR2 Reader use copy paste to save this file: PaLFI_Power_RFM.hex
MSP430 FET Tool (MSP-FET430UIF)

Remove USB board to access Jp3 JTAG connector.

A.4.3

Product Information http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/tms37157.html?DCMP=Palfi&amp;HQS=Other+BA+palfib

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