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Chapter 3: Biodiversity 3.1 The Variety of Living Organisms: Segmented Body Unsegmented Body

This document discusses biodiversity and the classification of living organisms. It describes how organisms are classified into kingdoms including animals, plants, fungi, and protists. Within the animal kingdom, organisms are further divided into vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates are classified as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals based on their characteristics such as having backbones, lungs or gills, feathers, fur, etc. Examples of different types of organisms are provided for each classification.

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49 views3 pages

Chapter 3: Biodiversity 3.1 The Variety of Living Organisms: Segmented Body Unsegmented Body

This document discusses biodiversity and the classification of living organisms. It describes how organisms are classified into kingdoms including animals, plants, fungi, and protists. Within the animal kingdom, organisms are further divided into vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates are classified as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals based on their characteristics such as having backbones, lungs or gills, feathers, fur, etc. Examples of different types of organisms are provided for each classification.

Uploaded by

Heina Nadia
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ScF2.chap3.

HNH2012

CHAPTER 3: BIODIVERSITY 3.1 The Variety of Living Organisms 1. Biodiversity = Variety of different types of living organisms in particular area. 2. Classification = The process of grouping organisms with similar characteristics. 3. Classification of animals; Animals

Vertebrates
(with backbones)

Invertebrates
(without backbones)

Segmented body Mammals Birds Fish Amphibians Reptiles

Unsegmented body

Warm-blooded

Cold -blooded

4. Characteristics of vertebrates: Vertebrates Fish Characteristics Are cold-blooded have a body temperature which changes according to their surrounding temperature. Breathe through gills. The skin of fish is covered with hard protective scales. Have fins and tails to help them swim. Their bodies are streamlined so that thay can move fast in the water. Most fish reproduce by laying eggs. Eg: Are warm-blooded -- have a body temperature which is constant & does not change with their surrounding temperature. Breathe with lungs. Have feathers. Have beaks and wings though some birds do not fly. Have feet covered with scales. Reproduce by laying eggs with shells.
1

Shark Stingray

Bird

Penguin

Pigeon

ScF2.chap3.HNH2012

Mammal
Platypus

Anteater

Whale

Eg: Are warm-blooded Have fur or hair covering their bodies. Suckle their young. Almost all mammals reproduce by giving birth to their young (Except the duckbilled platypus and anteater lay eggs) Breathe through their lungs. Eg:

Reptile

Turtle Snake

Amphibian

salamander

toad

Are cold-blooded Have dry scales covering the body. Breathe through their lungs. Reproduce by laying eggs with shells. Reptiles, except snakes, have two pairs of limbs that enable them to move. Eg: snakes, lizards, crocodiles, turtle. Are cold-blooded. Can live both on land and in water. Breathe through gills when young and through their lungs and loose moist skin in adult life Reproduce by laying jelly-covered eggs without shells, in water. Have their bodies covered with smooth and moist skin. Eg: frogs, toads, salamanders.

5. Classification of invertebrates:

ScF2.chap3.HNH2012

6. Classification of plants:

Moss

Fungus

Fern

Algae

7. Flowering plants Produce flowers for reproduction Have true roots, stems and leaves. Reproduce by seeds. Are further classified as dicotyledons and monocotyledons.

Examples Balsam plant Mango tree Durian tree Hibiscus plant Sunflower

Leaf with parallel veins

Examples Sugar cane Grasses Paddy plants Maize plant Coconut Orchid 3

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