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The Basic Objectives of The Database Ans.: A Database Is A Collection of Interrelated Data Stored With Minimum Redundancy To Serve

Database management systems were created to address the problems that arose with traditional file processing systems, such as data redundancy, difficulty accessing data, data isolation between files and applications, lack of concurrency control for multiple users, and security and integrity issues. Database management systems provide an organized collection of data stored centrally to serve many users and applications in a consistent, secure, and efficient manner.

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85 views

The Basic Objectives of The Database Ans.: A Database Is A Collection of Interrelated Data Stored With Minimum Redundancy To Serve

Database management systems were created to address the problems that arose with traditional file processing systems, such as data redundancy, difficulty accessing data, data isolation between files and applications, lack of concurrency control for multiple users, and security and integrity issues. Database management systems provide an organized collection of data stored centrally to serve many users and applications in a consistent, secure, and efficient manner.

Uploaded by

sweetgirl198701
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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the basic objectives of the Database Ans.

: A database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum redundancy to serve many users quickly and efficiently. The general objective is to make information access easy, quick, inexpensive, and flexible for the user. In data base design, several specific objectives can be considered as follows: (i) Controlled Redundancy (ii) Ease of Learning and Use (iii) Data Independence (iv) Most Information in Low Cost (v) Accuracy and Integrity (vi) Recovery from failure (vii) Privacy and Security (viii) Performance There are four basic components of Database Management System : (i) Data : Raw facts which we want to feed in the computer. (ii) Hardware : On which the data to be processed. (iii) Software : The interface between the hardware and user, by which the data will change into the information. (iv) User : There are so many types of users some of them are application programmer, endcase users and DBA. Purpose of Database Systems : (i) To see why database management systems are necessary, let's look at a typical ``File-Processing System'' supported by a conventional operating system. The application is a savings bank : Savings account and customer records are kept in permanent system files. Application programs are written to manipulate files to perform the following tasks : Debit or credit an account. Add a new account. Find an account balance. Generate monthly statements. (ii) Development of the System proceeds as follows : New application programs must be written as the need arises. New permanent files are created as required. but over a long period of time files may be in different formats, and Application programs may be in different languages. (iii) So we can see there are problems with the Straight File-Processing Approach : Data Redundancy and Inconsistency : Same information may be duplicated in several places. All copies may not be updated properly. Difficulty in Accessing Data : May have to write a new application program to satisfy an unusual request. E.g. find all customers with the same postal code. Could generate this data manually, but a long job. Data Isolation : Data in different files. Data in different formats. Difficult to write new application programs. Multiple Users : Want concurrency for faster response time.

Need protection for concurrent updates. E.g. two customers withdrawing funds from the same account at the same time - account has $500 in it, and they withdraw $100 and $50. The result could be $350, $400 or $450 if no protection. Security Problems : Every user of the system should be able to access only the data they are permitted to see. E.g. payroll people only handle employee records, and cannot see customer accounts; tellers only access account data and cannot see payroll data. Difficult to enforce this with application programs. Integrity Problems : Data may be required to satisfy constraints. E.g. no account balance below $25.00. Again, difficult to enforce or to change constraints with the fileprocessing approach. Above all problems lead to the development of Database Management Systems. Advantages : An organized and comprehensiveness of recording the result of the firms activities. A receiver of data to be used in meeting the information requirement of the MIS users. Reduced data redundancy. Reduced updating errors and increased consistency. Greater data integrity and independence from applications programs. Improved data access to users through use of host and query languages. Improved data security. Reduced data entry, storage, and retrieval costs. Facilitated development of new applications program. Standard can be enforced: Standardized stored data format is particularly desirable as an old data to interchange or migration (change) between the system. Conflicting requirement can be handled. Disadvantages : It increases opportunity for person or groups outside the organization to gain access to information about the firms operation. It increases opportunity for fully training person within the organization to misuse the data resources intentionally. The data approach is a costly due to higher H/W and S/W requirements. Database systems are complex (due to data independence), difficult, and timeconsuming to design. It is not maintain for all organizations .It is only efficient for particularly large organizations. Damage to database affects virtually all applications programs. Extensive conversion costs in moving form a file-based system to a database system. Initial training required for all programmers and users.

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