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Chapter 3 Mobile Radio Propagation

The 2-ray ground reflection model provides insight into large-scale path loss by accounting for ground reflections, unlike early cellular systems using very large cells. For a 900 MHz signal, with a receiver height of 2m, the minimum allowable transmitter height and T-R separation distance can be calculated. The model compares received power predictions using exact and approximate expressions for the 2-ray ground reflection model. Transition distances from one path loss exponent to another can be determined from the first Fresnel zone distance. Received power levels are calculated and plotted over distance for various path loss models.

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583 views2 pages

Chapter 3 Mobile Radio Propagation

The 2-ray ground reflection model provides insight into large-scale path loss by accounting for ground reflections, unlike early cellular systems using very large cells. For a 900 MHz signal, with a receiver height of 2m, the minimum allowable transmitter height and T-R separation distance can be calculated. The model compares received power predictions using exact and approximate expressions for the 2-ray ground reflection model. Transition distances from one path loss exponent to another can be determined from the first Fresnel zone distance. Received power levels are calculated and plotted over distance for various path loss models.

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anon_556742566
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Chapter 3 Mobile Radio Propagation: Large-Scale Path Loss

1. (a) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the 2-ray ground reflection model in the analysis of path loss. (b) What insight does the 2-ray model provide about large-scale path loss that was disregarded when cellular systems used very large cells? 2 .In a 2-ray ground reflected model, assume that must be kept below 6.261 radians

for phase cancellation reasons. Assuming a receiver height of 2 m, and given a requirement that be less than 50 , what are the minimum allowable values for the T-R separation distance and the height of the transmitter antenna? The carrier frequency is 900 MHz. 3. In the 2-ray path loss model with ?derive an appropriate expression far the location of the signal nulls at the receiver. 4 .Compare the received power for the exact expressions for the 2-ray ground reflection model. Assume the height of the transmitter is 40 m and the height of the receiver is 3m. The frequency is 1800 MHz, and unity gain antennas are used. Plot the received. 5. Referring to Figure P3.3, compute d = d1, the first Fresnel zone distance between transmitter and receiver for a 2-ray ground reflected propagation path, in terms of and X. This is the distance at which path loss begins to transition from d to d behavior. Assume 6 .If the received power at a reference distance d0 = I km is equal to 1 microwatt, find the received powers at distances of 2 km, 5 kin, 10 km, and 20 km from the same transmitter for the following path loss models: (a) Free space; (b) n = 3; (c) n = 4; (d) 2-ray ground reflection using the exact expression; (e) extended Hata model. Assume f=1800 MHz, ht = 40m, hr = 3m, Gt=Gr=0dB. Plot each of these models on the same graph over the range of 1 km to 20km. 7 .Assume the received power at a reference distance d0 = 1 km is equal to 1 microwatt, and f=1800 MHz, ht = 40m, hr = 3m, Gt=Gr=0dB.Compute, compare, and plot the exact 2-ray ground reflection model with the approximate expression. At what T-R separations do the models agree and disagree? What are the ramifications of using the approximate expression instead of the exact expression in cellular system design? 8 .A transmitter provides 15W to an antenna having 12 dB gain. The receiver antenna has a gain of 3 dB and the receiver bandwidth is 30 kHz. If the receiver system noise figure is 8 dB and the carrier frequency is 1800 MHz, find the maximum T-R separation that will ensure that a SNR of 20 dB is provided for 95% of the time. Assume n = 4, dB, and d0 = 1 km.

9. Assume a SNR of 25 dB is desired at the receiver. If a 900 MHz cellular transmitter has an EIRP of 100 W, and the AMPS receiver uses a 0 dB gain antenna and has a 10

dB noise figure, find the percentage of time that the desired SNR is achieved at a distance of 10 km from the transmitter. Assume n=4, dB, and d0 = 1 km.

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