Linux Exam 1

Study online at quizlet.com/_6jk3z

_________ and __________ are the commands to find documentation for a command. _____________ is the company that makes virtual desktop software? .bin

man, info

17.

/etc/sudoers /media /var/log

access for sudo is controlled by /etc/sudoers partitions will be mounted under /media various system logs for tasks performed on your system are stored in the /var/log 64 bit is faster than 32 bit. Your CPU has to be 64 bit compatible. useradd

18.

2.

VMWare

19.

20.

32bit and 64bit A command to add a user account to your system using the CLI. A command to remove a directory Linux is __________________. Alternate CD

3.

Files with the extension .BIN are binary files. A binary file consists of single bytes usually interpreted by a computer as a set of instructions deb is the extension of the Debian software package format and the most often used name for such binary packages A popular compression program in the UNIX world. RPM Package Manager, Originally called the Red-hat Package Manager. Is a program for installing, uninstalling, and managing software packages in Linux. "tarball" is both a file format and the name of a program used to handle files. using crontab to make changes to crontab files in the The GRUB configuration file /etc/default/grub. is a system configuration file associates hostnames with ip addresses, lists domain names for remote hosts with there ip addresses network connection startup scripts for services network interfaces lists of protocols available on your system lists domain name server names, ip addresses, and domain names where hosts names can be located list avalible network services, such as FTP and Telnet, an the ports they use

21.

22.

rmdir

4.

.deb

23.

5.

.gz .rpm

Support for specialized features like LVM, RAID, encrypted file systems, OEM distributions, and small memory. sends the output of one program to the input of another

6.

24.

An extremely useful tool to be used is pipes. The symbols for pipes is " | " . What do they do? APT apt-get

25. 26.

Advanced Packaging Tool. A command is a powerful command-line tool used to work with Ubuntu's Advanced Packaging Tool. Provides an efficient, safe, and fast method for downloading fast files. An address that enables transmission to every node in a local network. The address is the highest numeric value of the address format being used. One of many companies that give support to Ubuntu. The chmod command (abbreviated from change mode) is a shell command and C language function in Unix and Unix-like environments. When executed, it can change file system modes of files and directories. The modes include permissions and special modes. A 3D desktop for your computer.

7.

.tar

8.

/etc/crontab /etc/default/grub /etc/fstab /etc/hosts

27.

bitTorrent

9.

28.

Broadcast address

10. 11.

29.

Canonical Chmod

12.

/etc/network /etc/network/interfaces /etc/protocols /etc/resolve.conf

30.

13. 14.

15.

16.

/etc/services

31.

Compiz

32.

Compiz is the __________________ in the Ubuntu desktop 11.10 distribution. cron CRTL-ALT-F1

window manager

45.

Finger

33. 34.

Run Jobs Repeatedly. From the LightDM, you can shift to the command line interface with the CTRL-ALT-F1 keys. To shift back to the Light DM from a desktop you use CTRLALT-F7 It allows you to search for applications and files, showing you applications and files that you have used recently. It includes a search bar, application and files shortcuts, and launchers for commonlyused applications. These files are Debian packages. Close relations with the Debian GNU/Linux distribution. A different Linux operating system. Run as a live CD or install Ubuntu Linux with the Ubuntu desktop and a standard set of applications. lets you see how much disk space is used and available on all your mounted hard disk partitions Domain Name System; A system for converting hostnames and domain names into IP addresses on the Internet or on local networks that use the TCP/IP protocol. For example, when a Web site address is given to the DNS either by typing a URL in a browser or behind the scenes from one application to another, DNS servers return the IP address of the server associated with that name. Dpkg is the Ubuntu package manager. Installs educational software: desktops, sever, and sever add-on CDs. The ext4 or fourth extended filesystem is a journaling file system for Linux.
54.

35.

CTRL-ALT-F7

A Unix command widely used on the Internet to find out information about a particular user, such as telephone number, whether currently logged on or the last time logged on. The person being "fingered" must have placed his or her profile on the system. Profiles can be very elaborate either as a method of social introduction or to state particular job responsibilities. Fingering requires entering the full user@domain address. The system utility fsck (for "file system check") is a tool for checking the consistency of a file system in Unix and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux. File Transfer Protocol; A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network (Internet, Unix, etc.) FTP includes functions to log in to the network, list directories and copy files. It can also convert between the ASCII and EBCDIC character codes. FTP operations can be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or via an FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP transfers can also be initiated from within a Web browser by entering the URL preceded with ftp://. The default address of a network or Web site. It provides a single domain name and point of entry to the site. The GNOME Desktop and many applications use GConf to store user preferences and system configuration data. GConf provides a central storage location for preferences, simplifying configuration management for users and system administrators. the app lets you modify essential parts of your system to change grub options you can use this command to change them command to edit the file GNOME stands for GNU Network Object Model Environment. It is a desktop environment and a GUI that runs on top of a computer operating system. It's free and open source software. The equivalent of xdm(1x) or wdm(1x), but uses the GNOME libraries to provide a GNOME look-and-feel. It provides the GNOME equivalent of a "login:" prompt.

46.

Fsck

36.

Dash

47.

FTP

37.

DEB

38.

Debian Desktop CD

39.

48.

Gateway address

40.

Disk usage analyzer

49.

Gconf-editor

41.

DNS

50.

gedit gksu gedit /etc/default/grub gksu gedit /etc/fstab GNOME

51.

52.

42.

Dpkg Edubuntu

53.

43.

44.

Ext4

GNOME Display Manager (GDM)

55.

GNOME is a very common ________ in linux. GNOME log viewer gnomediskutility gnomeschedule GNU GPL

Desktop Environment

67.

https://help.ubuntu.com Hwclock

The website gives information and support for Ubuntu. Can be used to set HW clock to system clock and vice-versa. Reads and writes /etc/adjtime to keep track of and adjust for drift. netstat

68.

56.

to view logs
69.

57.

Udisk utility for managing hard disks and removable drives desktop interface for managing schedule tasks /etc/crontab GNU General Public License is the most widely used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU Project. The GPL is the first copy left license for general use. Under this philosophy, the GPL grants the recipients of a computer program the rights of the free software definition and uses copy left to ensure the freedoms are preserved, even when the work is changed or added to. This is in distinction to permissive free software licenses, of which the BSD licenses are the standard examples. When your system restarts, the GRUB boot loader will quickly select your default operating system and start up its login screen. If you have just installed Ubuntu, the default operating system will be Ubuntu. If you installed more than one operating system you can select one using the GRUB menu. GRUB stands for Grand Unified Bootloader. The GRUB bootloader already supports multiple booting The Grand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) is a multi-boot boot loader used for most Linux distributions graphical version of sudo To shut down the system with the sudo command. A computer that acts as a source of information or signals. The term can refer to any computer, from a centralized mainframe to a server to a client PC (user's machine). In a network, clients and servers are hosts because they are both sources of information in contrast to network devices, such as routers and switches, which are responsible only for directing traffic. pwd
75.

I want to see all the network connections on a host, what command should I use? In an IP address there a couple important things to identify, the subnet and the node. In the following IP address which part is the node? 192.169.1.200 In desktop virtualization the __________ is also called a virtual machine. In Ubuntu 11.10 desktop the default file manager is the _______________. IPv4

58.

70.

200

59.

71.

Guest OS

72.

Nautilus File Manager

60.

GRUB

73.

Internet Protocol Version 4; the current version of the IP protocol. Internet Protocol Version 6; The next generation IP protocol. Started in 1991, the specification was completed in 1997 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). IPv6 is backward compatible with and is designed to fix the shortcomings of IPv4, such as data security and maximum number of user addresses. An image of an entire CD, DVD, or BD. The entire contents of a disc. Combines the best of both direct downloads and bitTorrent, while maximizing use of the download data for constructing various editions. KDE stands for K Desktop Environment. It is a windowing manager and a GUI that has been around since 1997. The KUnbuntu edition uses the KDE desktop instead of GNOME.

74.

IPv6

61.

GRUB

62.

grub2

63. 64.

Gsku Halt Host

ISO

65.

76.

Jigdo (Jigsaw Download)

77.

KDE

66.

How do you find what directory you are in?

78.

Kernel

The Linux Kernel is the core of Ubuntu and is the rock upon which we base all other Ubuntu technology, and is a usable, high-quality desktop & server operating system for users around the world. It strives to be the best free software development platform in existence. Command Line, kill $( ), pkill, Installs the KDE desktop and software instead of GNOME. Ubuntu's administration and monitoring management service access through a hosted web interface Graphical logins are handled by the Light Display Manager (Light DM). It manages the login interface along with authenticating a user password and username, and then starting up a selected desktop. A live CD can be used for a quick demo or to test Ubuntu. /var/log

93.

Netstat

79. 80.

kill Kubuntu Landscape

NETwork STATistics; A command line utility that reports the status of TCP/IP and Ethernet connections. Netstat comes with all major operating systems, but the Linux/Unix versions provide the most command options. GUI-based versions for Windows, such as NetStat Live and X-Netstat, are also available. A system that transmits any combination of voice, video and/or data between users. The network includes the network operating system in the client and server machines, the cables connecting them and all supporting hardware in between such as bridges, routers and switches. In wireless systems, antennas and towers are also part of the network. A specific set of network resources that form a communications network at any given point in time, the operating characteristics of these network resources, and the physical and logical connections that have been defined between them. The Network Manager aims for Network Connectivity. The computer should use the wired network connection when it's plugged in, but automatically switch to a wireless connection when unplugged. When the user plugs the computer back in, the computer should switch back to the wired connection. The user should not even notice that the connection has been managed for them; they should simply see uninterrupted network connectivity. Network File System; The file sharing protocol in a Unix network. This de facto Unix standard, which is widely known as a "distributed file system," was developed by Sun. The name is somewhat misleading because NFS is not a disk file system that reads and writes the disk sectors, but enables the operating system to view files on computers in the network as if they were local. A computer program used to synchronize and set computers' date and time by polling the Network Time Protocol (NTP) server(s). Allowed to be changed legally.

94.

Network

81.

82.

LightDM

95.

Network configuration

83.

Live CD Log files are located in ____________ directory. Lookup

84.

96.

Network Manager

85.

A data search performed within a predefined table of values (array, matrix, etc.) or within a data file. LTS stands for long term support. A new LTS version is released every 2 years. In previous releases, a LTS version had 3 years support on Ubuntu (Desktop) and 5 years on Ubuntu Server. The LTS designation applies only to specific subsets of the Ubuntu archive. The LTS may not apply to all editions and remixes of Ubuntu. Officially supported software. One of the most important tools on the command line. Every command and nearly every application in Linux will have a man (manual) file. Software that is not free. MythTV multimedia software collection for Ubuntu. The default file browser in Ubuntu. A 32-bit mask used to divide an IP address into subnets and specify the networks available hosts.
99.

86.

LTS

97.

NFS

87. 88.

Main Man

98.

Ntpdate

89. 90.

Multiverse Mythubuntu Nautilus Netmask

opensource

91. 92.

100.

Packages are downloaded in many formats. What of the following is the file type for a bundled software package? Partition

tar

110.

Source code files

Source code is a text written using the format and syntax of the programming language. Source code is primarily used as input to the process that produces an executable program. special sudo editing command Synaptic is a graphical front-end to apt. This tool is informative, easy to use and understand, and very useful. It has tabs for information about your system configuration, running processes, available resources, and local file systems Transmission Control Protocol is a set of rules (protocol) used along with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of message units between computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet. 65,000

111. 112.

sudo visudo Synaptic Package Manager system monitor

113.

101.

Ubuntu provides automatic partitioning that covers most situations. A default partition layout sets up a swap partition and a root partition of type ext4 for the kernel and applications The process ID Packet INternet Groper; An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is reachable online by sending out a packet and waiting for a response. Ping is used to test and debug a network as well as see if a user or server is online. displays information about a selection of the active processes >>
115. 114.

102. 103.

pid Ping

TCP

104.

ps Redirection is very useful especially when keeping a running file. What is the redirection command to append to a file? Repository

105.

TCP and UDP ports allow for multiple connections to an ip address. Approximately how many of each are there? TCP/IP

116.

106.

Programs are stored in software archives commonly referred to as repositories. You can install and download from these repositories. Supported software that is not available under a completely free license. Server only installation, no desktop, command line interface The Ubuntu desktop displays a Session menu on the right side of the top panel as the sprocket power icon. If you click the icon, the menu appears showing user switching entries and system shut down and log out actions. You likely use the Session menu primarily to logout or shut down your system. The last section of the menu shows entries for Log Out, Hibernate, Suspend, and Shutdown.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. The terminal window gives you complete access to the Ubuntu distro. gateway

117.

Terminal Window The _____________ address configured on an interface tells the traffic coming through that interface how to get to the next network.

107.

Restricted Server CD Session menu

118.

108.

109.

119.

The _______________ number is configured on the Ethernet interface to tell the IP stack of the NIC what subnet or network it is on. The ___________________ directory stores all users folders and files. The area of the hard disk mapped into sectors so you can store data on it? The CLI way to change your password is to use the ______________ command. The command ____________________ allows users to run graphic applications with root privileges. The default file system for the partition where the Linux kernel resides is? The following command " gksu gedit /etc/default/grub " allows the user to modify the _________ config file in a ___________ text editor. The main bootloader for linux? The website where we download linux packages from is called a______________________. This command can be used to restart samba. This command is used to display the contents of text files. This graphical program allows users to manage the hard drive partitions of your system. To display the contents of the current directory what command do you use?

net mask

132.

Traceroute

120.

/home partition
133.

An Internet utility that describes the path in real time from the client machine to the remote host being contacted. It reports the IP addresses of all the routers in between. Windows comes with its own Traceroute utility (TRACERT.EXE) that is executed from the command line. Is designed as a Linux operating system that can be used easily by everyone. Ubuntu means humanity for others. Unity 2D's goal is to provide the Unity desktop shell on hardware platforms that cannot currently support Unity's OpenGL requirements. Its architecture is very close to Unity's as it only replaces the user interface elements but still shares all the same backend components. It replaces the panel, launcher and places components as defined in Unity's architecture overview. It does not enforce the use of Compiz as a window manager but instead uses a slightly tweaked version of Metacity. workspaces

121.

Ubuntu

122.

passwd
134.

123.

gsku

Ubuntu 2D (Unity 2D?)

124.

ext4 GRUB, graphic

125.

126. 127.

GRUB repository
135.

128.

service cat gnome disk utility Is

129.

130.

131.

Ubuntu desktop 11.10 distribution has a handy tool for users that want many applications open at once. This tool is also called "virtual desktop". What is the tool? Ubuntu DVD

136.

Primarily for installs, large software collection on disk, can operate as a live DVD, text mode install has some options as the alternate CD. distro

137.

Ubuntu is an example of a _______. Ubuntu Software Center Ubuntu Studio

138.

Installation of new software packages, upgrade of existing software packages, updating of the package list index, and even upgrading the entire Ubuntu system. Installs Ubuntu multimedia and graphics applications.

139.

140.

Ubuntu Unity

A desktop environment and a graphical user interface (GUI) that runs on top of a computer operating system. Unity and its range of technologies brings simplicity, power, and integration to both users and application developers. Unity puts design, integration, and free software at the heart of delivering a powerful and attractive experience. It's now based on GNOME 3.0 User Datagram Protocol; A protocol within the TCP/IP protocol suite that is used in place of TCP when a reliable delivery is not required. There is less processing of UDP packets than there is for TCP. UDP is widely used for streaming audio and video, voice over IP (VoIP) and videoconferencing, because there is no time to retransmit erroneous or dropped packets. Unity is designed to make the best use of screen space, placing a launcher on the left side to free up vertical space, making the window menu bar part of the top panel, along with indicator menus for Network Manager, and sound volume, social networking, time and date, the User Switcher, and the Session menu. Desktop Environment

148.

What does the ampersand & do when placed after a command? What is Canonical to Ubutu?

background the program Paid for support for Ubuntu route ISO

149.

150.

What is one of the easiest ways of displaying your routing table? What is the ARCHIVE FILE type you download to your PC as part of the Ubuntu install? What is the command for viewing the manual on a command? What is the main bootloader for linux? What program is primarily responsible for setting up your network interface cards(NICs) in command line? When the source code is delivered with the application is an example of _________. When using the ping command and you get a response back from an IP, that node is considered. When you use the command apt-get update you are trying to ________________. Which of the following is an Ubuntu package manager command?

151.

141.

UDP

152.

man GRUB ifgonfig

153. 154.

155.

open source

142.

Unity

156.

alive

157.

update repositories lists apt-get install

158.

143.

Unity is the new ______________ in Ubuntu 11.10. Universe Upstart

144.

Community maintained software, i.e. not officially supported software. Entirely event driven. When an event occurs invoking the need for a service, the service is started. This eventoriented approach is designed to work well with removable devices. When a device is added or removed, this change becomes an event that the Upstart daemon detects and then runs any appropriate scripts. ps

145.

146.

We find the process ID (PID) using the ______ command. We use the _____ program to schedule programs to run whenever we want them to.

147.

cron

159.

Whois

Before the Web, Whois was strictly an Internet service used to query a host and find out if a certain user was registered on that system. Originally developed by the military, others followed with their own Whois databases, which provide white pages directories. date

160.

With the _____ command we can find the date for the server location. With the ___________________ users can check the Linux OS performance. Working in your shell you want to move from one directory to another. What is the command? Workspaces

161.

system monitor

162.

CD

163.

Refers to the grouping of windows on your desktop. These virtual desktops increase the size of your working area. Workspaces are meant to reduce clutter and make the desktop easier to navigate. Install to a virtual hard disk in Windows. Installs Xfce desktop terminal

164. 165. 166.

Wubi Xubuntu You enter the CLI environment by opening a _______________ window?