P.S.V COLLEGE OF ENGG & TECHNOLOGY KRISHNAGIRI PC HARDWARE & TROUBLESHOOTING Prepared by : T.Raghunathan M.E UNIT I 1.

. Functional blocks of the computer : ALU Control unit Memory Input Unit Output unit 2. What is mean by instruction Cycle? Instruction are fetched and executed by the control unit one by one .The sequence involved for the fetch of one instruction and its execution is known as instruction cycle 3. What do you mean by Memory, Word Length? Memory is a location identified by a unique address used to store some values. Number of bits in each location is known as word length 4. Memory types SRAM (Static RAM) Static Memory preserve the content of all the location as long as the power supply is present DRAM(Dynamic RAM) Dynamic Memory can retain the content of any location only for a few milliseconds frequent refreshing should be done

5. Random Access and Sequential Access Memories Random Access Memory (RAM) access time is the same for all locations. Sequential Access Memory (SRAM) read/write access is sequential.

6. What is mean by Memory Access Time? The time taken by the memory to supply the content of location, from the time it receive Read is called the memory access time
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7. What do you mean by Memory Cycle time? The memory access time plus the additional recovery time is know as the memory cycle time. 8. What do you mean by Auxiliary Memory? Auxiliary Memory is like a warehouse for storing several programs and data .The Commonly used Auxiliary memory Floppy Disc Hard Disc CD ROM 9. Hardware Section present in ALU Adder Adder is a circuit which adds the two numbers and give the result Accumulator- Is a Register which temporarily holds the result of a previous operation in the ALU GPR Instead of Storing in main memory it is stored within CPU for easy retrieve Scratch Pad Register It is used to store intermediate result temporarily when during complex arithmetic operation Shifter Provides left shift and right shift for ALU operation Complement 2s Complement of binary numbers 10. What do you mean by Program Status Word? PSW Register contains various status bits describing the current condition of CPU 11. What do you mean by instruction Prefetch? CPU fetches the next instruction after the execution of the current instruction is completed. This concept of advance fetching is known as Instruction Prefetch 12. What do you mean by ISR? The Service to be performed for while each type of interrupt occur is known as Interrupt service Routine 13. What do you mean by Stack pointer ? If more than one interrupt occurs in a time it is stored in stack . Stack pointer Points the Current IAC and PSW

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14. What is mean by Interrupt Disabling? Disabling the interrupt by resetting a IE flag.Then all the interrupts will remain pending is known as Interrupt Disabling 15. Masking and Non Maskable interrupt. Selectively disable the certain interrupt is known as Masking interrupt by sending a masked bits to the Priority Controller.The Priority Controller ignores the interrupt which are masked off.

Servicing the Emergency interrupt should not be delayed.These Interrupts are known as Non-Maskable Interrupts 17.Two types of Device Controller. Dumb Controller only limited function like data transfer and Command Decoding Purely based on hardware Smart Controller based on CPU , Controller perform everything required for Control I/O operation

18 . What are the types of Controller Commands? Pg 27 19. What is meant by Instruction fetch and operand fetch ? Pg 36 20. What is mean by Paging and Segmentation ? Pg 53 21. What are the functional and Physical Classification of Microcomputer. Pg no : 45 & 46 22.What are the types of Operating System Pg no : 46 23. What is meant by Supervisory mode . Pg no : 49 Big Question : 1. Explain about Arithmetic and Logic unit with a Diagram. Pg no : 11 2. Explain Briefly about Hardwired and Micro Programmed Control Unit. Pg no : 15 3. Explain about Interrupt and their types. Pg no : 19 4. Explain about Input / Output Techniques. Pg no : 22 5. Explain about DMA mode. Pg no : 24 6. Explain about Error detection Techniques and their types. Pg no : 29 7. Explain about Virtual Memory and Cache Memory Pg no 51

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PERIPHERAL DEVICE UNIT II 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. What are all the function performed by a electronic keyboard . Pg no 62 What are all the types of Key switches? Pg no : 62 Give the diagram for Mechanical Key switch Pg no : 63 What is mean by Raster Scan? Pg no : 65 What are all the methods of interfacing a CRT to a Computer? Pg no 66 Give the Printer Characteristics Pg no : 67 What are all the Printer Types . Pg no : 68 Give the Modules inside the Printer Pg no : 68 Define Hard Sectoring and Soft Sectoring. Pg no 79 What is mean by Open Loop and Closed Loop Disk Drives. Pg no : 86 What are all the Special types of Disk drives . Pg no : 89 Give three types of mouse . Pg no 91 What is mean by MODEM . Pg no 92 Define Scanner and their types. Pg no 95

Big Questions : 1. Explain CRT Display Monitor. Pg no : 64

2. Explain Printer and their types Pg no : 66 3. Explain about Magnetic Storage Device in detail. Pg no : 72 4. Explain Floppy disk drive in detail Pg no : 82 5. Explain Hard Disk Drive in detail Pg no : 84 6. Explain Mouse and Trackball in detail Pg no : 90 7. Explain : (i) CD-ROM (ii) CD R Drive (iii) CD RW Drive Pg no : 92 8. Explain Digital Camera Pg no : 96

Page numbers given is in the book B. Govindarajalu, IBM PC Clones Hardware, Troubleshooting and Maintenance, 2/E, TMH, 2002
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PC HARDWARE OVERVIEW Unit III 1) Give the diagram for Three tier Communication between PC. Pg no : 104 2) Give PC/ AT Major Features Pg no : 106 3) Give PS/2 feature Pg no : 107 4) Give the Block diagram for PC System Pg no : 108 5) Give the two types of System box Model Pg no : 110 6) Give Keyboard Connector and PS/2 Keyboard Signals Pg no : 112 7) Define Chipset Pg no : 119 8) Draw Interrupt Logic Diagram Pg no : 128 9) Give the Diagram for RAM Parity Logic Pg no : 128 10) Give the Diagram for Wait State Logic Pg no : 129 11) Give the Diagram for BUS Arbitration Diagram Pg no : 130 12) Give the Diagram for DMA logic Pg no : 131 13) Define Wait State Logic with Diagram Pg no : 136 14) Give Interrupt Signals For OG Pg no : 138 15) What are all the types of I/O Interface Pg no : 143 16) Give the types of Printer Controller Pg no : 145 Big Question : 1) Explain PC Hardware OG in detail Pg no : 108 2) Explain briefly about the Components inside the Sysytem Box. Pg no : 114 3) Explain about Motherboard Logic OG in detail Pg no : 124 4) Explain Parallel Interface and Serial Interface in detail. Pg no : 145 & 146 5) Explain CRT Display Controller Pg no : 147 6) Explain Floppy Disc Controller Pg no : 149 7) Explain Hard Disc Controller Pg no : 153

Page numbers given is in the book B. Govindarajalu, IBM PC Clones Hardware, Troubleshooting and Maintenance, 2/E, TMH, 2002
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INSTALLATION AND PREVENTION MAINTENANCE Unit IV 1. Give the Pre Installation Planning Steps for a PC. Pg no : 682 2. Give the Steps to install a PC. Pg no : 683 3. Give the Steps involved in PC Assembling and Integration Pg no : 686 4. Give the Preventive maintenance Steps for Peripheral Devices Pg no : 708 5. Give the general problem Sources for a PC . Pg no : 708 6. Define Single User System and Multi User System Pg no : 711 7. Define File Area and System Area Pg no : 718 8. Give the Parameters inside the System area Pg no : 718 9. How to Create delete and Read a File in Dos Pg no : 720 10. Define Virus and their Types Pg no : 723 11. Give the Steps to be taken on finding a Virus Pg no : 726 12. Give any two Data Recovery Tools in Dos Pg no : 726

Big Questions : 1) Give Steps in Pre installation Planning of PC Pg no : 682 2) Give the Steps in Installation Practice of PC Pg no : 683 3) Give the Procedure in PC Assembling and Integration Pg no : 686 4) Explain in Detail about BIOS Setup With Diagram 5) Explain about DOS Pg no : 711 6) Explain Data Recovery in detail Pg no : 726

Page numbers given is in the book B. Govindarajalu, IBM PC Clones Hardware, Troubleshooting and Maintenance, 2/E, TMH, 2002
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TROUBLESHOOTING UNIT 5

1. What are all the Factors involved in troubleshooting . Pg no : 741 2. Give Some most Common Computer faults occur in PC. Pg no : 741 3. What are all the types of Nature faults Pg no : 743 4. Give any two Software and Hardware Faults. Pg no : 743 5. Give any two troubleshooting Tools Pg no : 744 6. What is mean by Firmware Pg no : 745 7. Give any four Fault Elimination Process Pg no : 746 8. Give Symptoms of dead System Pg no : 747 9. Give four Steps in Systematic Troubleshooting Pg no :750 10. Give any four Fault Rectification Steps Pg no : 755 11. Give Some steps involved in Troubleshooting Dot Matrix Printer Pg no :816

Big Question : 1. Explain briefly about Computer Fault Pg no :741 2. Explain briefly about Fault Elimination Process Pg no : 746 3. Explain briefly about Fault Diagnosis methods Pg no : 752 4. Explain briefly about (i) FDC Problem (ii) HDC Problem (iii) PrinterProblem Pg no : 813 5. Explain briefly about (i)CRT Monitor Problem (ii)Hard disk drive problems (iii)Floppy disk drive Problems (iv) CD ROM Drive Problems

Page numbers given is in the book B. Govindarajalu, IBM PC Clones Hardware, Troubleshooting and Maintenance, 2/E, TMH, 2002

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