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Java

This document provides an overview of creating a first Java program. It discusses creating a source code file in JCreator, compiling the program to generate a class file, and executing the program to view the output. The different parts of a Java program are explained, including comments, classes, the main method, statements, semicolons, escape characters, case sensitivity, and syntax errors.

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sullivan583
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2K views

Java

This document provides an overview of creating a first Java program. It discusses creating a source code file in JCreator, compiling the program to generate a class file, and executing the program to view the output. The different parts of a Java program are explained, including comments, classes, the main method, statements, semicolons, escape characters, case sensitivity, and syntax errors.

Uploaded by

sullivan583
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAVA

Practical 02 1. Creating our first program 2. Source code file 3. Class file 4. Understanding the different parts of our program 5. Escape characters 6. Case sensitivity 7. Syntax Errors

First Steps

It is a good idea for to create a folder where we will save our programs So you simply create a folder in my documents and name it My Java
J Creator is then used to create our programs

JCreator

In order to start programming we need to create a new file in Jcreator Start up JCreator Click on File > New > File Click on Empty Java File Name the file as Practical02 Choose to save it in the folder you just created in My Documents

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First Program

Type in the following program

What should this program output?

Compiling our Program


When we compile our program we will be building our file To compile our program we need to press on the Build File icon. If we have no errors it will show Process Complete

Executing our Program


Executing means running our programs Once we compile it we can run our program by pressing the run icon

Program Output

Once you press run a new window will open showing your programs output

Source-Code File

The source-code file is the text file create when we save a program This file uses actual text which use humans can read

Class File

A class file is the file created each time we compile a program The class file contains the code that the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) uses to run our programs.

Program Components
The different parts of our programs

Comments

//Program 1 : My First Program

Comments are used to remind the programmer what the code does.

There are two type of comments; single line and multi-line. 1. Single line comments: only a single line. In order to create a single-line comment, // must be used before writing the comment. 2. Multi-line comments can be spread over a number of lines, these comments must start with /* and then end with */.

Class

class TestProgram

The keyword class shows that a new class is being created Just after the keyword, there must be the name of the class, which is TestProgram in our program Then the curly brackets show where the code of the class begins and ends.

Main Method
public static void main (String args[]){

Every program must have one main method

It is made up of : 1. public this means that this method is available from outside the class 2. static this method can be used without creating an instance of the class 3. void this method does not return a value 4. main the name of the method 5. String args[] an array of type String which can accept a number of arguments in array args

Statement
System.out.println("Hello World!");

This statement tells the program to print Hello World! as the output

println() : tells the program to move the cursor to the next line print(): tells the program to leave the cursor on the same line

Semi - colon

All statements must end with a semi colon The semi colon lets the program know that the statement is over and can be run

Escape Characters

These are used to edit the way the text is printed when using println()
What it is used for Display in a single quote
Display in double quotes Display a backslash Move to a new line

Escape Character \
\ \\ \n

\t

Insert a tab

Case sensitivity

When programming in Java we have to be careful to make sure that everything is written correctly It is important to look out when writing words with capital letters and small letters

If we write system.out.println("Hello World!"); we will get an error why?

Syntax Error

An error in the code is called a Syntax error


The code will not compile before all the errors are seen too

Errors could be; 1. Not obeying the case sensitivity rule 2. Forgetting a semi colon 3. Forgetting brackets ect

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