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Modul 02 Siskom2 Matched Filter

This document discusses matched filters and their use in receiver design. It begins by introducing matched filters and their role as the first step in receiver design. It then provides examples of how matched filters work, including their time-reversed and conjugate properties. The document explains that matched filters maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and describes their implementation using banks of filters or correlators. Key points are that matched filters match the timing, phase and amplitude of the transmitted signal to optimize detection of the intended signal.

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Amir Miftahudin
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193 views17 pages

Modul 02 Siskom2 Matched Filter

This document discusses matched filters and their use in receiver design. It begins by introducing matched filters and their role as the first step in receiver design. It then provides examples of how matched filters work, including their time-reversed and conjugate properties. The document explains that matched filters maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and describes their implementation using banks of filters or correlators. Key points are that matched filters match the timing, phase and amplitude of the transmitted signal to optimize detection of the intended signal.

Uploaded by

Amir Miftahudin
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modul #02 TE3223 SISTEM KOMUNIKASI 2

MATCHED FILTER
Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi Jurusan Teknik Elektro - Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Telkom gg g Bandung 2007

Today we are going to talk about:


Receiver structure R i t t
Demodulation (and sampling) Detection D t ti

First step for designing the receiver


Matched filter M t h d filt receiver i
Correlator receiver

Vector representation of signals (signal space), an important tool to facilitate:


Signals presentations, receiver structures presentations Detection operations ( MODUL 3)
Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Demodulation and detection


Format Pulse g i (t ) Bandpass si (t ) modulate modulate channel transmitted symbol hc (t )

mi

M-ary modulation

i = 1, K, M

estimated symbol

n(t )
Demod. Demod z (T ) & sample r (t )

Format

mi

Detect

Major sources of errors: j


Thermal noise (AWGN)
disturbs the signal in an additive fashion (Additive) has flat spectral density for all frequencies of interest (White) is modeled by Gaussian random process (Gaussian Noise)

Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI)


Due to the f filtering effect of transmitter, channel and receiver, ff f symbols are smeared.
Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Example: Impact of the channel

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Example: Channel impact

hc (t ) = (t ) 0.5 (t 0.75T )

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Receiver job:
Demodulation and sampling:
Waveform recovery and preparing the received signal for detection:
Improving the signal power to the noise power (SNR) using matched filter Reducing ISI using equalizer Sampling the recovered waveform

Detection:
Estimate the transmitted symbol based on the received sample
6

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Receiver structure
Step 1 waveform to sample transformation
Demodulate & Sample

Step 2 decision making


Detect

r (t )

Frequency down-conversion
For bandpass signals

Receiving filter

Equalizing z (t ) filter
Compensation for channel induced ISI

z (T )

Threshold comparison

mi

Received waveform

Baseband pulse (possibly distored)

Baseband pulse

Sample (test statistic)

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Baseband and bandpass


Bandpass model of detection process is equivalent to baseband model because:
The received bandpass waveform is first transformed to a baseband waveform. Equivalence theorem:
Performing bandpass linear signal processing followed b h t d i th signal t th b f ll d by heterodying the i l to the baseband, b d yields the same results as heterodying the bandpass signal to the baseband, followed by a baseband linear signal processing.

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Steps in designing the receiver


Find optimum solution for receiver design with the following goals:
1. Maximize SNR 2. Minimize ISI

Steps in design: St i d i
Model the received signal Find separate solutions for each of the goals goals.

First, we focus on designing a receiver which maximizes the SNR.

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Design the receiver filter to maximize the SNR Model the received signal
si (t ) hc (t )
r (t )

r (t ) = si (t ) h c (t ) + n(t )

n(t )
AWGN

Simplify the model: y


Received signal in AWGN
Ideal channels hc (t ) = (t )

si (t ) n(t )
AWGN

r (t )

r (t ) = si (t ) + n(t )

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

10

Matched filter receiver


Problem:
Design the receiver filter h(t ) such that the SNR is , , p g maximized at the sampling time when si (t ), i = 1,..., M is transmitted.

Solution:
The optimum filter, is the Matched filter, given by

h ( t ) = hopt ( t ) = s i (T t ) * H ( f ) = H opt ( f ) = S i ( f ) exp( j 2 fT )


*

which is the time-reversed and delayed version of the conjugate of the y j g transmitted signal
si (t )
0 T t

h(t ) = hopt (t )
0 T t

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

11

Example of matched filter


si (t )
A T

h opt (t )
A T

z ( t ) = si ( t ) hopt ( t )
A2

2T

si ( ) (t
A T

h opt ( ) (t
A T

z ( t ) = si ( t ) hopt ( t )
A2

T/2 T
A T

t
A T

T/2 T

0 T/2 T 3T/2 2T

A 2T 2

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

12

Properties of the matched filter


1. 1 The Fourier transform of a matched filter output with the matched signal as input is, except for a time delay factor, proportional to the ESD of the input signal.

Z ( f ) =| S ( f ) |2 exp( j 2fT ) (
2. The output signal of a matched filter is proportional to a shifted version of the autocorrelation function of the input signal to which the filter i th filt is matched. t h d

z (t ) = Rs (t T ) z (T ) = Rs (0) = Es
3. 3 The output SNR of a matched filter depends only on the ratio of the signal energy to the PSD of the white noise at the filter input.

Es S max = N T N 0 / 2
4. Two matching conditions in the matched-filtering operation:
spectral phase matching that gives the desired output peak at time T T. spectral amplitude matching that gives optimum SNR to the peak value.
Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

13

Correlator receiver
The matched filter output at the sampling time T, can be realized as the correlator output.
z (T ) = hopt (T ) r (T ) = r ( ). si ( )d =< r ( t ), s( t ) >
* 0 T

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

14

Implementation of matched filter receiver


Bank of M matched filters z1 ( t )

s (T t )
* 1

z1 (T )

r (t ) (
sM (T t )
*

z M (t )

z M (T )

z1 M = z zM

Matched filter output: z Observation vector

z i ( t ) = r ( t ) s i (T t )

i = 1,..., M

z = ( z1 (T ), z 2 (T ),..., z M (T )) = ( z1 , z 2 ,..., z M )
15

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

Implementation of correlator receiver


Bank of M correlators

s 1 (t )

r (t )
s
M

(t )

z1 (T )

z M (T )

z1 M zM

=z

Correlators output: z Observation vector

z = ( z1 (T ) z 2 (T ) z M (T )) = ( z1 , z 2 ,..., z M ) ), ),..., z i (T ) = r ( t )si ( t )dt i = 1,..., M


0
Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

16

Example of implementation of matched filter receivers


s1 (t )
A T

Bank of 2 matched filters

A T

z1 (T )
T

r (t )
0

s2 (t )
0 0
A T

t
A T

z 2 (T )

z1 = z z2

Modul 2 - Siskom 2 - Matched Filter

17

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