Scribd
Upload
39 views

Array:: Single / One Dimensional Array

Arrays allow storing of homogeneous data in a linear or tabular form. A single dimensional array stores elements in a linear fashion accessed via an index. A two dimensional array stores elements in a tabular format accessed using row and column subscripts, effectively representing a matrix. Arrays are allocated contiguous memory with the size determined by the data type and number of elements. They provide an efficient way of storing and accessing multiple values but have limitations such as fixed size and inability to dynamically modify elements.

Uploaded by

Garima Batra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
39 views

Array:: Single / One Dimensional Array

Arrays allow storing of homogeneous data in a linear or tabular form. A single dimensional array stores elements in a linear fashion accessed via an index. A two dimensional array stores elements in a tabular format accessed using row and column subscripts, effectively representing a matrix. Arrays are allocated contiguous memory with the size determined by the data type and number of elements. They provide an efficient way of storing and accessing multiple values but have limitations such as fixed size and inability to dynamically modify elements.

Uploaded by

Garima Batra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Array :

Array is a collection of homogenous data stored under unique name. The values in an array is called as 'elements of an array.' These elements are accessed by numbers called as 'subscripts or index numbers.' Arrays may be of any variable type. Array is also called as 'subscripted variable.'

Types of an Array :
1. 2. One / Single Dimensional Array Two Dimensional Array

Single / One Dimensional Array :


The array which is used to represent and store data in a linear form is called as 'single or one dimensional array.'

Syntax:

<data-type> <array_name> [size];

Example:

int a[3] = {2, 3, 5}; char ch[20] = "TechnoExam" ; float stax[3] = {5003.23, 1940.32, 123.20} ;

Total Size (in Bytes):

total size = length of array * size of data type

In above example, a is an array of type integer which has storage size of 3 elements. The total size would be 3 * 2 = 6 bytes.

* MEMORY ALLOCATION :

Fig : Memory allocation for one dimensional array

Program :

#include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() { int a[3], i;; clrscr(); printf("\n\t Enter three numbers : "); for(i=0; i<3; i++) { scanf("%d", &a[i]); } printf("\n\n\t Numbers are : "); for(i=0; i<3; i++) { printf("\t %d", a[i]); } getch(); } // print array // read array

Features :

Array size should be positive number only.

o o o

String array always terminates with null character ('\0'). Array elements are countered from 0 to n-1. Useful for multiple reading of elements (numbers).

Disadvantages :

o o

There is no easy method to initialize large number of array elements. It is difficult to initialize selected elements.

Two Dimensional Array :


The array which is used to represent and store data in a tabular form is called as 'two dimensional array.' Such type of array specially used to represent data in a matrix form. The following syntax is used to represent two dimensional array.

Syntax:

<data-type> <array_nm> [row_subscript][column-subscript];

Example:

int a[3][3];

In above example, a is an array of type integer which has storage size of 3 * 3 matrix. The total size would be 3 * 3 * 2 = 18 bytes. It is also called as 'multidimensional array.'

* MEMORY ALLOCATION :

Fig : Memory allocation for two dimensional array

Program :

#include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() { int a[3][3], i, j; clrscr(); printf("\n\t Enter matrix of 3*3 : "); for(i=0; i<3; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) { scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); } } printf("\n\t Matrix is : \n"); for(i=0; i<3; i++) { for(j=0; j<3; j++) { printf("\t %d",a[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } getch(); } //print 3*3 array //read 3*3 array

Limitations of two dimensional array :

o o

We cannot delete any element from an array. If we dont know that how many elements have to be stored in a memory in advance, then there will be memory wastage if large array size is specified.

You might also like