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Project

1. A project is defined as a temporary collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim, often involving research or design. Projects are temporary rather than permanent social systems constituted by teams to accomplish tasks under time constraints. 2. The word "project" comes from the Latin word meaning "to throw something forward" and originally referred to a plan rather than the act of carrying out the plan. Something performed according to a project became known as an "object". 3. Examples of notable projects include the Human Genome Project, Manhattan Project, Polaris missile project, Project Apollo, Soviet atomic bomb project, Soviet manned lunar projects, and the Great Pyramid of Giza.

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73 views

Project

1. A project is defined as a temporary collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim, often involving research or design. Projects are temporary rather than permanent social systems constituted by teams to accomplish tasks under time constraints. 2. The word "project" comes from the Latin word meaning "to throw something forward" and originally referred to a plan rather than the act of carrying out the plan. Something performed according to a project became known as an "object". 3. Examples of notable projects include the Human Genome Project, Manhattan Project, Polaris missile project, Project Apollo, Soviet atomic bomb project, Soviet manned lunar projects, and the Great Pyramid of Giza.

Uploaded by

Manav Mahan Singh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Project

Project
A project in business and science is typically defined as a collaborative enterprise, frequently involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim.[1] Projects can be further defined as temporary rather than permanent social systems that are constituted by teams within or across organizations to accomplish particular tasks under time constraints.[2]

Overview
The word project comes from the Latin word projectum from the Latin verb proicere, "to throw something forward" which in turn comes from pro-, which denotes something that precedes the action of the next part of the word in time (paralleling the Greek ) and iacere, "to throw". The word "project" thus actually originally meant "something that comes before anything else happens". When the English language initially adopted the word, it referred to a plan of something, not to the act of actually carrying this plan out. Something performed in accordance with a project became known as an "object".

Specific uses
School and university
At school, educational institute and independent work than is involved in a normal essay assignment. It requires students to undertake their own fact-finding and analysis, either from library/internet research or from gathering data empirically. The written report that comes from the project is usually in the form of a dissertation, which will contain sections on the project's inception, methods of inquiry, analysis, findings and conclusions....[3]

Engineering project
Engineering projects are, in many countries, specifically defined by legislation, which requires that such projects should be carried out by registered engineers and/or registered engineering companies. That is, companies with license to carry out such works as design and construction of buildings, power plants, industrial facilities, installation and erection of electrical grid networks, transportation infrastructure and the like. The scope of the project is specified in a contract between the owner and the engineering and construction parties. As a rule, an engineering project is broken down into design and construction phases. The outputs of the design process are drawings, calculations, and all other design documentation necessary to carry out the next phase. The next phase would normally be sending the project plans to a developer who will then help construct the plans (building).[4]

Project management
In project management a project consists of a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service or result.[5] Another definition is a management environment that is created for the purpose of delivering one or more business products according to a specified business case. Project objectives define target status at the end of the project, reaching of which is considered necessary for the achievement of planned benefits. They can be formulated as SMART criteria[6]: Specific, Measurable (or at least evaluable) achievement, Achievable (recently Agreed-to or Acceptable are used regularly as well), realistic (given the current state of organizational resources) and Time terminated (bounded). The evaluation (measurement) occurs at the project closure. However a continuous guard on the project progress should be kept by monitoring and evaluating. It is also worth noting that SMART is best applied for incremental type innovation projects. For radical type projects it does not apply as well. Goals for such projects tend to be broad, qualitative, stretch/unrealistic and

Project success driven.

Examples of notable projects


Human Genome Project which mapped the human genome Manhattan Project, which developed the first nuclear weapon Polaris missile project: an ICBM control-system Project Apollo, which landed humans on the moon Soviet atomic bomb project Soviet manned lunar projects and programs Project-706 Great Pyramid of Giza

References
[1] Oxford English Dictionary [2] "SSRN-Embedding Projects in Multiple Contexts: A Structuration Perspective by Stephan Manning" (http:/ / papers. ssrn. com/ sol3/ papers. cfm?abstract_id=1582680). Papers.ssrn.com. . [3] Thomas, G: How to do your research project. Sage Publications Inc, 2009.... [4] civil [5] A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Third Edition, Project Management Institute. [6] Carr, David, Make Sure Your Project Goals are SMART (http:/ / www. pmhut. com/ make-sure-your-project-goals-are-smart), PM Hut. Accessed 18. Oct 2009.

Article Sources and Contributors

Article Sources and Contributors


Project Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=496253170 Contributors: 1141 me, 16@r, 3K3D, Adamarthurryan, AgadaUrbanit, Ahoerstemeier, Aitambong, Aitias, Alisabzevari, AllyUnion, Alphamu57, Anca, AndriuZ, Ap, Astudent, Badgernet, BenFrantzDale, Bigjustin654$, Blathnaid, Bomac, Brentwills, Brian0918, Bwefler, Catgut, Centrx, Chowbok, Chuanyong, Ckatz, Coffee, Corpx, Corti, Cyclonius, DVD R W, Dadasjhfquegfoqef, Dagdu, Darren Wickham, Diannaa, Discospinster, Dmn, Dream land2080, Duck to swan, Eekerz, Egil, Ehheh, Electronic Community, Elkman, Engi08, Eric4720, Falcon8765, Fb12, Fortistiger, Fredrik, Freuga, GGithens, Gabz80, Galoubet, Garrybooker, Garyrendall, Geschichte, Glacialfox, Glenn, Gogo Dodo, Gor, Gsaup, Gwernol, Hetar, Hu12, ICAPTCHA, Iordanis 777, J.delanoy, J04n, JForget, JWSchmidt, JamesBWatson, Jay Litman, Jayjg, Jeffrey Mall, John, Jojhutton, Jongrover, Jpbowen, Jsk Couriano, Kaster, Keds0, Kierenj, Killerrabbitsontheloose, Kolotelo, Krakfly, Kuru, La goutte de pluie, Levineps, Lightmouse, Likeicecr3am, Lilliean, Lumos3, MER-C, MSgtpotter, Magog the Ogre, Markkh, MarySpencer10, Materialscientist, Mav, Mdd, Menchi, Mendaliv, Mercury McKinnon, Millstream3, Mkoval, Moemin05, MrOllie, Mrzaius, Mvtechies, Mydogategodshat, Nankivel, Nivix, Nixdorf, Nmyers, Obli, Ojigiri, OlEnglish, Optimist on the run, Orderinchaos, Paddles, PamD, Pedant17, Peterbud, Pharaoh of the Wizards, Philip Trueman, Phydeaux, Piano non troppo, Pmtoolbox, Polluxian, PsychoCola, Quarl, RHaworth, RainbowOfLight, Raymundsy, Regregex, Remshad, Richwales, RoyHanney, S.K., SMC, Screw you, Sdm24, Shanes, Sionus, Sj, Slash, SoWhy, Soandos, SpikeToronto, StaticVision, Stephenb, SuperHamster, Suresh82, Swpb, Tarnas, The wub, Thebluemanager, Tide rolls, Titusmars, Topory, Travis99, Tuduser, Uncle Dick, Unioneagle, VMS Mosaic, Vanakaris, Vdudau, Versageek, Versus22, Vincehk, Viridae, Vrenator, Wanderingatlarge, Wgoetsch, Wiccagav, Wiki13, Winston365, Wknight94, Wlievens, Woohookitty, Yaris678, Yozi66, Yunshui, Zenlax, Zzuuzz, 294 anonymous edits

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Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

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