What Are The Aspect Of Personality? There are many aspects of personality.

Psychological studies have been around for hundreds of years as man has evolved and developed greater technologies and a better understanding of health and wellbeing. The more that is known about personalities and mental states, the more people can be understood and helped. Personality is defined as the particular combination of emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response patterns of an individual. It is individual but there are trends, which is where the study comes into play. There are personality:

can have negative impacts if rash. The best people know when to be impulsive and when not to, but some are naturally impulsive. Impulse can be fun and sporadic or it can be excessive and detrimental to one's social life. Neuroticism is a condition of distress, suffering and an inability to cope. Freud says that everyone has some form of neurosis, but different people, different genetics and different upbringings affect this, as do different traumas and stresses in our lives. Neuroticism can lead to anger, violence and depression, but it can also lead to simpler things like a lessening in emotional reaction. The final feature is openness to experience, which is related to creativity and convention and the differences in curiosity and willingness to take part, through to those who are unwilling. Some people prefer complex interests and knowing more than they need to, whilst others are happy with simplicity.

five

primary

aspects

of

Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism Openness to Experience

Extroversion is a pronounced engagement in terms of interaction; both socially and in general. Extraverts enjoy being with people and are very energetic. They experience positive emotions and tend to be very optimistic and action-orientated. They enjoy the attention and aren't afraid to assert themselves in a group situation. The opposite of all this is introversion. Neither is wrong, but introversion can sometimes result from a fear of the world. Agreeableness is how people show concern and can cooperate and display social harmony. Those who are agreeable, value getting along with others and display traits such as consideration, friendship and generosity, as well as the ability to compromise. Conscientiousness is impulse decision making. It's not bad and can be fun, but it

From these levels of awareness by Freud, he then developed the three components of our personality: the id, ego, and super ego. These are the results of our thinking, feeling, and behaviors. The id functions primarily based on pleasure principle wherein our mind seeks to achieve pleasure and avoid any form of pain. Freud mentioned that the id consists of two major instincts and these are eros and thanatos. The former is otherwise known as the life instinct that urges us to seek for pleasurable activities while the latter is our death instinct that stimulates us to cause to destroy. The ego is the next component of our personality which is the heart of our consciousness. It is characterized by either of the dominant functions which are introversion or extraversion along with the other functions. It is based on the reality principle which states that our mind acknowledges what is real and currently existing. It also understands that there are corresponding consequences to our behaviors. The super ego is the last component of our personality in which our values and morals are contained. Our super ego can also offset or compensate the id. Determinants of Personality Personality is the outcome of a continuous personal quality development process. The role of personality becomes clear in a particular situation. Personality is recognised in a situation. It is the result of personal quality interaction in a particular condition. The major determinants of personality of an individual are given below: Biological Factors Heredity: Heredity refers to those factors that were determined at conception. Physical stature, facial attractiveness, sex,

The Three Components of Personality Sigmund Freud is known for his study on the three basic components that greatly affect our personality. He created the three levels of awareness that are congruent to the three different parts of the mind: conscious mind, preconscious mind, and subconscious mind. According to him, our conscious mind includes our current or present mental processes contributing a major part in our current awareness. The next level of mental awareness is our preconscious mind which, according to Freud, comprises those that we are aware of, but we do not really give focus or pay attention. We can either decide to take notice of these things and purposefully let our conscious mind be aware of them. The third part of the human mind is the subconscious where some of our thoughts surpass the conscious level.

temperament, muscle composition and reflexes, energy level, and biological rhythms are characteristics that are generally considered to be either completely or substantially influenced by who your parents were; that is, by their biological, physiological, and inherent psychological makeup. The contribution of heredity to personality development is vividly clear for developing external appearance, behaviour, social stimuli, self inner awareness, organising traits, etc. Brain: Brain has a great impact on personality. The psychologists are unable to prove empirically the contribution of human brain in influencing personality. Father and children generally adopt the same type of brain stimulation. The differences are caused by environment. Electrical stimulation of brain (ESB) and split brain psychology (SBP)are the outcome of genetic transmision. The are helpful in moulding employee's behaviour. ESB is used for motivating employees towards better performances. Managers are trained to use SBP for mobilising employees for proper behaviour. Physical Features: Perhaps the most outstanding factor that contributes to personality is the physical stature of an individual. An individual's external appearance is proved to be having a tremendous effect on personality. For example, the fact that a person is short or tall, fat or thin, handsome or ugly, black or whitish will undoubtedly influence the person's effect on others and in turn will affect the self-concept. A person's physical characteristics may be related to his approach to the social environment, to the expectancies of others, and to their reactions, to him. These in turn may have impact on personality development.

Biological Factors Heredity: It refers to physical stature, facial attractiveness, sex, temperament, muscle composition and reflexes, energy level, and biological rhythms are characteristics that are considered to be inherent. It plays an important part in determining an individual's personality. Heredity approach argues that the ultimate explanation of an individual's personality is the molecular structures of the genes, which are located in the chromosomes. Recent research studies shows that young children lend strong support to the power of heredity and finding shows that some personality traits may be built into the same genetic code that affects factors like height and hair color. Brain: Brain is the second biological approach to determine personality. It plays an important role in determining personality. Electrical Stimulation of the Brain (ESB) and Split brain psychology results indicates that a better understanding of human personality and behavior might come from a closer study of the brain. The definite areas of the human brain are associated with pain and pleasure. Research study shows that these things are true. Biofeedback: It is third biological approach to determine personality. Physiologists and psychologists felt that biological functions like brainwave patterns, gastric and hormonal secretions,

and fluctuations in blood pressure and skin temperature were beyond conscious control. Recent research shows that these functions can be consciously controlled through biofeedback techniques. For this purpose, individual can learns the internal rhythms of a particular body process through electronic signals that are feedback from equipment which is wired to body. In this process, the person can learn to control the body process through questions. It is one of the interesting topics to do future research work in personality. Physical Features: It is third biological approach to determine personality. It is vital ingredient of the personality, it focus an individual person's external appearance which also determined the personality. Physical features like tall or short, fat or skinny, black or white. These physical features will be influenced the personal effect on others and also affect self concept of individual. Recent research studies shows that definitely this features influence to individual personality in an organization. In totally, heredity would be fixed at birth and no amount of experience can be altering them through creation of suitable environment. Apart from this, personality characteristics are not completely dictated by heredity. There are other factors also influenced to determining personality. Cultural Factors "Each culture expects, and trains, its members to behave in ways that are

acceptable to the group. To a marked degree, the child's cultural group defines the range of experiences and situations he is likely to encounter and the values and personality characteristics that will reinforced and hence learned". -Paul H Mussen Cultural factors are also major factors which influence to determine individual personality. It refers to traditional practice, customs, procedure, norms and rules and regulation followed by the society. It significantly influence to individual behavior compare to biological factors. Cultural factors determine attitudes towards independence, aggression, competition, cooperation, positive thinking, team spirit, and a host of the human being and discharge his/her duties towards valuable responsibilities to society. Western culture influence to Indian society. It is best example of the cultural factors also determine the personality. Family Factors Family factors are also major factors which influence to determine individual personality. Family consists of husband and wife and their children's. Family role is very important for nurturing and personality development of their children. Family will be guided, supervised, take care of all family members, cooperation, 52 Organizational Behavior coordination and cooperation in work and also explained the role and responsibilities towards the family, society and real life. Family either directly or indirectly influence to person for development of individual personality.

Social Factors Social factors are also major factors which influence to determine individual personality. It involves the reorganization of individual's in an organization or society. It refers to acquiring of wide range of personality by acquiring and absorbed by themselves in the society or an organization. Socialization process is starting from home and extending to work environment in an organization or society. It focuses on good relationships, cooperation, coordination and interaction among the members in the society or an organization or a family. In totally, environment factors consist of cultural factors, family factors, and social factors. Situational Factors Situational factors also influence to determine of personality. Situational factors are very important to change the individual behavior in a different circumstance at different situations, it also influence to personality of individual person. In general term, personality is stable and consistent and it does change in different situations. The Interaction of Personality and Situational Factors are outlined: Strong situational pressures Personality may not predict behavior Example: enforcement of rules Weak Situational pressures Personality may predict behavior Example: Customer sales representative A strong situation can overwhelm the effects of individual personalities by providing strong cues for appropriate behavior.

_____ BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS The characteristics of employees such as age, gender, race & length of service with an organization all these constitutes the biographical characteristics. These characteristics have a very important impact on an individuals life i.e. as you get older the more are chances to quit the job. Several explanations could clear up these results the most important being it intermixes both professionals & nonprofessional employees. OBJECTIVES OF BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS The main objective is finding & analysing the variables that have an impact on employee productivity, citizenship & satisfaction. These data are available from an employees personal file in life that are easily definable &readily available. It usually involves basic, descriptive, quantitative research to understand the biological characteristics of employees selected. BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OFORGANIZATION AGE ON TURNOVER: Older you get, less likely to quit reasons ON ABSENTEEISM : Older employees, lower rates on unavoidable absence. ON SATISFACTION : Some studies show older employees being more satisfied. GENDER

ON TURNOVER: Research evidence is mixed. ON ABSENTEEISM: Women have higher rates of absenteeism ON SATISFACTION: No evidence of differences between men and women. RACE PERSONAL SELECTION DECISIONS PERFORMANCE EVALUTION WORKPLACE DISCRIMINATION PAY TENURE ON TURNOVER: More senior employees turnover less. ON ABSENTEEISM: More senior employees absent less. ON SATISFACTION: More senior employees are more satisfied.