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Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD)

1) Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) automatically varies the amount of braking force applied to each wheel based on factors like road conditions and vehicle loading to maximize stopping power and maintain control. 2) EBD distributes less braking pressure to rear brakes so they do not lock up, but can initially apply more to rear brakes before weight transfer. An electronic control unit determines the slip ratio of each tire and adjusts braking force accordingly. 3) EBD helps maintain control when braking in turns by sensing and reducing brake force on slipping inner wheels without reducing force on the outer wheels.

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518 views5 pages

Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD)

1) Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) automatically varies the amount of braking force applied to each wheel based on factors like road conditions and vehicle loading to maximize stopping power and maintain control. 2) EBD distributes less braking pressure to rear brakes so they do not lock up, but can initially apply more to rear brakes before weight transfer. An electronic control unit determines the slip ratio of each tire and adjusts braking force accordingly. 3) EBD helps maintain control when braking in turns by sensing and reducing brake force on slipping inner wheels without reducing force on the outer wheels.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Zainul Abidin
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD)

Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD or EBFD), Electronic brakeforce limitation (EBL) is an automobile brake technology that automatically varies the amount of force applied to each of a vehicle's brakes, based on road conditions, speed, loading, etc. Always coupled with anti-lock braking systems, EBD can apply more or less braking pressure to each wheel in order to maximize stopping power whilst maintaining vehicular control. Typically, the front end carries the most weight and EBD distributes less braking pressure to the rear brakes so the rear brakes do not lock up and cause a skid. In some systems, EBD distributes more braking pressure at the rear brakes during initial brake application before the effects of weight transfer become apparent. How EBD Works This is where electronic brake force distribution (EBD) comes in. With EBD, a computer called an electronic control unit (ECU) determines the slip ratio of each of the tires individually. If the ECU notices that the rear wheels are in danger of slipping, it applies less force to them while maintaining (or, if necessary, increasing) the force applied to the front wheels. EBD is also useful when the car is braking while driving around a corner. While turning, the outer wheels of the car rotate more quickly than the inside wheels. If too much brake force is applied to the inner wheels they can lock, causing the car to oversteer and go out of control. EBD can sense the slippage of the inner wheels and reduce the brake force on those wheels without reducing the force on the outer wheels.

Vehicle Stability Control (VSC)


VSC helps prevent wheelslip and loss of traction by reducing engine power and applying brake force to the wheels that need it. (Figure 1) Front wheelslip can occur when the front wheels lose traction during cornering and begin to drift toward the outside of the turn. (Figure 2) Rear wheelslip can occur when the rear wheels lose traction and cause the vehicle to slide around. (Figure 3) Toyotas VSC monitors your steering angle and the direction your vehicle is actually traveling and senses when your front or rear wheels begin to slip. When it senses this loss of traction or slip, VSC reduces engine power and applies braking to the individual wheels that need it to help correct the slip and keep the vehicle in the intended path.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Electronic stability control (ESC)


Electronic stability control (ESC), also referred to as electronic stability program (ESP) or dynamic stability control (DSC), is a computerized technology that improves the safety of avehicle's stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction (skidding). When ESC detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help "steer" the vehicle where the driver intends to go. Braking is automatically applied to wheels individually, such as the outer front wheel to counter oversteer or the inner rear wheel to counter understeer. Some ESC systems also reduce engine power until control is regained. ESC does not improve a vehicle's cornering performance; instead, it helps to minimize the loss of control. According to Insurance Institute for Highway Safety and the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, one-third of fatal accidents could have been prevented by the technology. Operation During normal driving, ESC works in the background and continuously monitors steering and vehicle direction. It compares the driver's intended direction (determined through the measured steering wheel angle) to the vehicle's actual direction (determined through measured lateral acceleration, vehicle rotation (yaw), and individual road wheel speeds). ESC intervenes only when it detects a probable loss of steering control, i.e. when the vehicle is not going where the driver is steering. This may happen, for example, when skidding during emergency evasive swerves, understeer or oversteer during poorly judged turns on slippery roads, or hydroplaning. ESC may also intervene in an unwanted way during highperformance driving, because steering input may not always be directly indicative of the intended direction of travel (i.e. controlled drifting). ESC estimates the direction of the skid, and then applies the brakes to individual wheels asymmetrically in order to create torque about the vehicle's vertical axis, opposing the skid and bringing the vehicle back in line with the driver's commanded direction. Additionally, the system may reduce engine power or operate the transmission to slow the vehicle down. ESC can work on any surface, from dry pavement to frozen lakes.It reacts to and corrects skidding much faster and more effectively than the typical human driver, often before the driver is even aware of any imminent loss of control. In fact, this led to some concern that ESC could allow drivers to become overconfident in their vehicle's handling and/or their
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own driving skills. For this reason, ESC systems typically inform the driver when they intervene, so that the driver knows that the vehicle's handling limits have been approached. Most activate a dashboard indicator light and/or alert tone; some intentionally allow the vehicle's corrected course to deviate very slightly from the driver-commanded direction, even if it is possible to more precisely match it.

Immobilisers and alarm

Anti-Theft Alarm System If someone tries to break into your locked car, the alarm will sound and the hazard lights flash continuously. It's designed to frighten away thieves and attract the attention of passers-by. In order to protect against theft, more and more cars are being equipped with systems that are set off and deactivated via a coded radio remote control. If an unauthorised person tries to open your car doors, bonnet or boot they will trigger the alarm. The ultrasonic system also knows if someone tries to get into your car through a broken window. The alarm's interior protection system detects movement inside the car, but a button can easily turn it off if you have to leave pets inside for a short time. The latest generation of alarms has a warning signal that works independently of the car's own electrics, and a time-controlled alarm. Locking the car primes the alarm, unlocking the car turns it off. Some of our cars include tilt sensors which detect any change in the car's position (caused by an attempt to tow it away). Initially, the horn sounds intermittently for 30 seconds and the hazard warning lights flash continuously. Electronic Engine Immobiliser The engine immobiliser has revolutionised car security. It uses coding software to ensure the correct key is being used to start your car. When you insert the key it 'talks' electronically to the immobiliser and the engine which will only start if the correct key is used. So it stops the wrong user from starting your engine, and driving off.

How does it work? When the key is inserted, a transponder in the key sends a unique code to the car, ensuring that only the correct key will start the engine. You can rest assured that the engine will not start, even if someone has a perfect copy of your key, as it will not have the right code.

Reference
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/safety-regulatory-devices/electronic-brake-forcedistribution1.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_brakeforce_distribution http://www.volkswagen.co.uk/technology/visibility-and-security/immobilisers-and-alarm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_stability_control

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