7 QC Tools
7 QC Tools
TOOLS
INTRODUCTION
Problem Solving Tools - A Systematic, Structured and Organised way to solve a problem. Elementary Statistical Methods are used to solve the Problem.
ACT
PLAN
CHECK
DO
1. Plan Identify problem Develop plan for improvement 4. Act Institutionalize improvement Continue cycle 2. Do Implement plan on test basis
CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM PARETO DIAGRAM GRAPHS SCATTER DIAGRAM HISTOGRAM CONTROL CHARTS BRAINSTORMING
Machine
Environment
Method
Hot weather
Sour Milk
Environment Method
2. PARETO DIAGRAM
60 40 20 0
Hamberger Noodles Fried Fish Pizza
200 100 0
Cumulative percentage
80
Frequency
3. GRAPHS
The purpose of graph is is to show data in an easyto-understand manner. Use for Analysis and Presentation. Very good tool for visual display & trend analysis . Types of Graphs: Bar Graph Line Graph Pie chart
Number of defects
10
Third
Number of patients
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30
Time
SCATTER DIAGRAM
Show whether there is a relationship between the main cause and the problem. Verify suspected causes identified during Cause & Effect Diagram . Identify Problems. Make predictions
28 12 14
20 27
29 13
17 34
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
HISTOGRAM (Example)
DATA SHEET
Class Boundary values (wt./bottle) gm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7.5 8.0 8.1 8.5 8.6 9.0 9.1 9.5 9.6 10.0 10.1 10.5 10.6 11.0 11.1 11.5 Centre Value (wt./bottle) gm 7.75 8.25 8.75 9.25 9.75 10.25 10.75 11.25 Frequency 4 11 22 31 20 17 10 5
25
Frequency
20
15
Content wt./bottle gm
STRATIFICATION
It is a way of sorting out or arranging the data to be collected . Purpose of Stratification is to breaking down the causes of the problem into parts to examine each cause better.
STRATIFICATION (example)
Supplier A Material Strength Supplier B
Raw Material