Code No: V3109/R07

Set No. 1

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010 ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Explain how a potential divider arrangement is used for multipliers used for multi range voltmeters. Derive the expressions for resistance of dierent sections for a 4 range voltmeter. (b) A basic d Arsonval meter movement with an internal resistance Rm =100 and a full scale current of Im = 1 mA is to be converted in to a multi range d.c. voltmeter with ranges of 0-10 V, 0-50 V, 0-250 V, 0-500 V. Find the values of various resistances using the potential divider arrangement. [10+6] 2. (a) Explain in detail the eect of opening the secondary circuit of a current transformer when the primary winding is energized. (b) A current transformer has a single turn primary and 200 turn secondary which has a non-inductive burden of 1 resistance. The net cross sectional area of the core is 10cm2 , the magnetizing ux needs 80AT in the primary. Calculate the ratio and phase angle errors of the current transformer for a secondary current of 5A. The supply frequency is 50Hz. [8+8] 3. (a) Give the constructional details of double element 3-phase wattmeter. (b) The indication on a 110V, 5A wattmeter used in conjunction with potential and current transformers of nominal ratios of 100/1 and 20/1 respectively is 350w. If the resistance and inductance of the wattmeter pressure coil circuit are 362 and 100mH respectively and the ratio errors and phase angles of P.T and C.T at particular and the ratio errors and phase angle of P.T and C.T at particular working conditions are +0.8%,-450 and -0.2% +900 , what is the true value of the power being measured? The load phase angle is 50o lagging. Frequency is 50Hz. [8+8] 4. (a) Explain briey how would you carry out single energy meter testing in laboratory? (b) An energy meter is designed to make 100 revolutions of the disc for one unit of energy . Calculate the number of revolutions made by it when connected to a load carrying 20A at 230 volts at 0.8 p.f for an hour. If it actually makes 360 revolutions, nd the percentage error? [10+6] 5. (a) Explain how an unknown voltage can be measured by using a polar type potentiometer? (b) Calculate the inductance of a coil from the following measurement on an a.c. potentiometer. 1 of 2 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

Code No: V3109/R07

Set No. 1

Voltage drop across a 0.1 standard resistor connected in series with the coil = 0.613 120 6 . Voltage across the test coil through a 100/1 volt-ratio box = 0.781 500 48 V. Frequency is 50 Hz. [10+6] 6. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge and derive the conditions for balance. (b) The four arms of a Wheat shone bridge are as follows: AB = 100 ; BC = 10 ; CD = 4 ; DA = 50 . The galvanometer has a resistance of 20 and is connected across BD. A source of 10V d.c. is connected across AC. Find the current through the galvanometer. What should be the resistance in the arm DA for no current through the galvanometer? [8+8] 7. (a) State the advantages and disadvantages of owen?s bridge. (b) What are incremental inductance and permeability? Explain how are they measured with owens bridge? (c) Write short notes on Andersons bridge? [5+6+5]

8. Prove that the change in value of ux is directly proportional to the change in the deection in case of ux meter. [16]

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Code No: V3109/R07

Set No. 2

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010 ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Explain dierent types of M.I instruments with suitable diagrams. (b) The inductance of a M.I ammeter is (8 + 41/22 )H , where is the deection in radian for currents 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5A. [10+6] 2. (a) Draw the phasor diagram of potential transformation. (b) Explain the design and constructional features used in potential transformers for reduction of ratio and phase angle errors. [8+8] 3. (a) Explain the errors in electrodynamometer type wattmeter in detail. (b) Explain the constructional details of an electrodynamometer type wattemeter. Derive the expression for torque when the instrument is used on A.C supply. [16] 4. (a) Explain the construction and working of a single phase induction type energymeter. Show that the total number of revolutions made by its disc during a particular time is proportional to the energy consumed. (b) The disc of an energymeter makes 600 revolutions per unit of energy. When a 1,000 watt load is connected, the disc rotates at 10.2 rpm. If the load is on for 12 hours, how many units are recorded as error? [10+6] 5. (a) What are the functions the transfer instrument and phase shifting transformer in a.c. potentiometers? (b) Explain how a polar type potentiometer is standardized. [8+8]

6. (a) Explain the substitution method of measurement of medium resistances. List the factors on which the accuracy of the method depends. (b) In a measurement of resistance by the substitution method a standard resistance of 100 K is used. The galvanometer has a resistance of 2000 , and gives the following deections: i. With unknown resistance: 46 divisions ii. With standard resistance: 40 divisions. Find the value of unknown resistance? [10+6]

7. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of Maxwells Inductance Capacitance Bridge. Also, draw the phase gure 7 under balance conditions. (b) State the advantages and disadvantages of the above bridge. 1 of 2 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

Code No: V3109/R07

Set No. 2

(c) A Maxwells bridge shown in gure.1 has the following constants: Arm ab consists of a coil with inductance L1 and resistance r1 in series with a noninductive resistance R. Arm bc and cd each are a non-inductive resistance of 100. Arm ad consists of standard variable inductor L of resistance 32.7. Balance is obtained when L2 = 47,8mH and R=1/36. Find the resistance and inductance of the coil in arm ab. [6+5+5]

Figure 7 8. (a) Why are ring specimens preferred over rods or strips for magnetic testing? (b) Explain with the help of a neat diagram, a method for the determination of B-H curve of a magnetic sample. Point out the various sources of errors and the methods of minimizing them? [6+10]

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Code No: V3109/R07

Set No. 3

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010 ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) What are the dierent damping methods used in analog indicating instruments? List their advantages and disadvantages. (b) A permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) instrument has a full scale deection of 900 for a current of 2A. The deecting torque in a PMMC instrument is directly proportional to current in the moving coil. Find the value of current required for a deection of 300 if the instrument is [10+6] i. spring controlled and ii. gravity controlled. 2. (a) Explain the disadvantages of shunts and multipliers when used for extension of range. Explain how instrument transformers are a better substitute for shunts and multipliers especially for high range values. (b) Dene the following ratios of instrument transformers. i. ii. iii. iv. Transformation ratio Nominal ratio Burden Ratio correction factor. [8+8]

3. (a) Draw the necessary circuit diagram for measurement of three phase power by two wattmeter method. Make necessary derivations. In case of balanced, discuss the eects of the following load power factors on the two wattmeter readings. i. zero ii. unity (b) The power to a 3-phase induction motor was measured by this method, and the readings were 3,400 and ?1,200 watts respectively. Calculate the total power and power factor. [10+6] 4. Explain how the following adjustments are made in a single phase induction type energy meter. (a) Lag adjustment (b) Adjustment for friction compensation (c) Creep (d) Overload compensation and 1 of 2 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

Code No: V3109/R07 (e) Temperature compensation.

Set No. 3
[4+3+3+3+3]

5. Explain the basic principle of operation of d.c. potentiometer with a neat sketch. Explain why a potentiometer does not load the voltage source whose voltage is being measured? [16] 6. (a) What are the dierent diculties encountered in the measurement of high resistances? Explain how these diculties are overcome? (b) A highly sensitive galvanometer can detect a current as low 0.1 nano-Amperes. This galvanometer is used in a wheat-stone bridge as a detector. The resistance of galvanometer is negligible. Each arm of the bridge has a resistance of 1K. The input voltage applied to the bridge is 20V. Calculate the smallest change in resistance, which can be detected. The resistance of the galvanometer can be neglected as compared with the internal resistance of bridge. [10+6] 7. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of D santys bridge and phasor diagram under balance conditions. Derive the equation under balance conditions. (b) The four arms of a bridge network are made up as follows ab, a resistor of 50 in parallel with an unknown capacitance C; da, a resistor of 1000 . A 50Hz voltage supply is applied across ac. Find R and C when a vibration galvanometer connected across bd is undefeated. (c) State the advantages and disadvantages of D santys bridge. [8+4+4]

8. (a) Derive an expression for equation of motion of a ballistic galvanometer? (b) A ux meter is connected to a search coil having 500 turns and a mean area of 500 mm2 . The search coil is placed at the center of a solenoid 1 metre long, wound with 800 turns. When a current of 5A is reversed, there is a deection of 25 scale divisions. Calculate the ux linkages per scale division. [10+6]

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Code No: V3109/R07

Set No. 4

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010 ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS (Electrical & Electronic Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Explain the construction and working of an attracted disc type kelvin absolute electrometer. (b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the above instrument? (c) Can it be used for measurement of low voltages such as 100 V? Give the reason. [6+6+4] 2. (a) Explain the construction and working principle of single phase M.I type power factor meters. (b) Prove that the special displacement of moving system is equal to the phase angle of the system incase of a single phase electrodynamometer type of power factor meter. [10+6] 3. (a) Explain the construction and principle of operation of a dynamometer type Wattmeter. How it can be made to read d.c as well as A.C? (b) In a dynamometer type wattmeter the moving coil has 500 turns of mean diameter 3cm. Calculate the torqe if the axis of the eld and moving coils are at i. 30o ii. 60o iii. 90o when the ux density in the eld coils is 15mWb/m2 , the current in the moving coil is 0.5A and power being measured has a power factor of 0.866. [8+8] 4. (a) Explain the construction and working of a single phase induction type energymeter. Show that the total number of revolutions made by its disc during a particular time is proportional to the energy consumed. (b) The disc of an energymeter makes 600 revolutions per unit of energy. When a 1,000 watt load is connected, the disc rotates at 10.2 rpm. If the load is on for 12 hours, how many units are recorded as error? [10+6] 5. Explain the construction and working principle of Gall-Tinsley (Co-ordinate type) A.C. potentiometer with the help of neat diagram. [16] 6. (a) Explain the working of a Carey Foster slide-wire bridge with a neat circuit diagram?

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Code No: V3109/R07

Set No. 4

(b) In a Carey-Fosters bridge a resistance of 1.0125 is compared with a standard resistance of 1.0000 , the slide wire has resistance of 0.250 in 100 divisions. the ratio arms nominally each 10 , are actually 10.05 and 9.95 respectively. How far (in scale divisions) are the balance positions from those which would obtain of ratio arms were true to their nominal value? The slide wire is 100 cm long. [8+8] 7. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of Maxwells Inductance Capacitance Bridge. Also, draw the phase gure 7 under balance conditions. (b) State the advantages and disadvantages of the above bridge. (c) A Maxwells bridge shown in gure.1 has the following constants: Arm ab consists of a coil with inductance L1 and resistance r1 in series with a noninductive resistance R. Arm bc and cd each are a non-inductive resistance of 100. Arm ad consists of standard variable inductor L of resistance 32.7. Balance is obtained when L2 = 47,8mH and R=1/36. Find the resistance and inductance of the coil in arm ab. [6+5+5]

Figure 7 8. (a) Derive an expression for equation of motion of a ballistic galvanometer? (b) A ux meter is connected to a search coil having 500 turns and a mean area of 500 mm2 . The search coil is placed at the center of a solenoid 1 metre long, wound with 800 turns. When a current of 5A is reversed, there is a deection of 25 scale divisions. Calculate the ux linkages per scale division. [10+6]

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