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    Pathophysiology Diagram of Congestive Heart Failure

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    Leng Royo Briones
    Hypertension occurs when the force of blood flow increases, damaging blood vessel walls. This leads to atherosclerosis as monocytes, platelets and cholesterol build up in blood vessels. Over time, the left ventricle must work harder to pump blood, causing hypertrophy. The increased workload on the heart reduces cardiac output and tissue perfusion, potentially leading to complications like CAD, heart failure, and stroke.

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    Pathophysiology Diagram of Congestive Heart Failure

    Uploaded by

    Leng Royo Briones
    421 views3 pages
    Hypertension occurs when the force of blood flow increases, damaging blood vessel walls. This leads to atherosclerosis as monocytes, platelets and cholesterol build up in blood vessels. Over time, the left ventricle must work harder to pump blood, causing hypertrophy. The increased workload on the heart reduces cardiac output and tissue perfusion, potentially leading to complications like CAD, heart failure, and stroke.

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    13409915 Pathophysiology Diagram of Congestive Heart Failure

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    Hypertension occurs when the force of blood flow increases, damaging blood vessel walls. This leads to atherosclerosis as monocytes, platelets and cholesterol build up in blood vessels. Over time, the left ventricle must work harder to pump blood, causing hypertrophy. The increased workload on the heart reduces cardiac output and tissue perfusion, potentially leading to complications like CAD, heart failure, and stroke.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    421 views3 pages

    Pathophysiology Diagram of Congestive Heart Failure

    Uploaded by

    Leng Royo Briones
    Hypertension occurs when the force of blood flow increases, damaging blood vessel walls. This leads to atherosclerosis as monocytes, platelets and cholesterol build up in blood vessels. Over time, the left ventricle must work harder to pump blood, causing hypertrophy. The increased workload on the heart reduces cardiac output and tissue perfusion, potentially leading to complications like CAD, heart failure, and stroke.

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    Risk Factors: Hypercholesterolemia Men (>45 years old) Women (>55 years old) Cigarette smoking Alcoholism Diabetes mellitus Obesity Physical inability sodium intake* Hereditary* Predisposing Factors: Hypertension* CAD*

    Genetic predispositi on cell membrane alteration functional vasoconstri ction

    peripher al HPN ( BP)


    Vasoconstrictio n of blood vessels

    Vasoconstricti on of coronary arteries Increase pressure of blood flow Injury of the endothelial vessel layer (coronary artery) Vessel damage Monocytes, platelets,cholesterol and other blood Scarrin g

    afterloa

    workloa d

    force of
    LV contractio

    stress on
    the left ventricular cardiac output Left ventricular Hypertroph Ventricular remodeling LV Hypoxia

    Atherosclerosis

    Brain
    perfusion: dizziness, light headedness, confusion, anxiety, restlessness. Response to energy demands causing easily fatigued,

    left ventricular residual blood


    of the LV at the time of diastole

    CA D cardiac
    tissue blood flow

    cardiac
    muscle contraction Activation of baroreceptors in the LV, aortic

    LV pressure
    blood backflows from LV to

    Cardiac
    Output

    Systemic
    blood pressure

    Stimulation of vasomotor regulatory centers in Activation of sympathetic nervous system catecolamin es (epinephrin

    residual blood of the LA during diastole LA pressure


    blood returns to pulmonary circulation Accumulation of blood in the pulmonary capillary bed

    Perfusion of
    tissues of the body

    GFR

    Renal
    Proteinu ria, urea (8.0), crea (41.),

    Reni formation of Angiotensi Angiotensin

    (Lung s) ACE

    Hypothalam ADH Sodium and Water retention Pulmonary edema: dyspnea, cough, crackles, 2 pillow orthopnea

    urine urine
    osmot ic pressu

    osmot ic output pressu Pulmonary edema: dyspnea, cough, crackles, 2 pillow orthopnea

    HR

    pulmonary vascular resistance RV contracti force of RV contractio RV oxygen demand

    O2 saturation

    RV force of RV contractio

    residual
    blood of the RV at the time of RV blood backflows from RV to RA RA

    Peripheral edema, liver congestion, ascites, weakness, weight gain due

    fluid moves
    into the interstitial

    venous
    pressure JVD (07/24/08)

    blood backflows from RA to

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