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Processor

This document outlines the evolution of CPU architectures from early 8-bit and 16-bit processors in the 1970s-1980s to modern 64-bit and 128-bit processors. It compares von Neumann (CISC) and Harvard architectures as well as different CPU designs from Intel, Motorola, AMD, and others. Key Intel CPU generations are listed from the 8086 in 1980 to the Intel Core in 2006, showing increasing bit sizes and performance over time.

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Usama Mustafa
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40 views

Processor

This document outlines the evolution of CPU architectures from early 8-bit and 16-bit processors in the 1970s-1980s to modern 64-bit and 128-bit processors. It compares von Neumann (CISC) and Harvard architectures as well as different CPU designs from Intel, Motorola, AMD, and others. Key Intel CPU generations are listed from the 8086 in 1980 to the Intel Core in 2006, showing increasing bit sizes and performance over time.

Uploaded by

Usama Mustafa
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Von Neumann (CISC)

Architecture Processors

(Macs)

Harvard (RISC)
Architecture Processors

(PCs)

(PCs)

(Macs)

Berkeley Stanford Motorola/


Fujitsu
MIPS
IBM
CPU
CPU
CPU

External Internal
Bits
Bits

Motorola
CPU

Cache

Intel
CPU

Approx.
Year

8-bit

6500, 6502

8080

1975

6800

1976

16

16-bit
16

32

32-bit

68000

8088

1977

8086 (1)

1980

80186

1981

80286

1982

80286 (2)

1982

R2000

R3000

68020

256

1985

68030 (mmu)

8K

80386 (3)

1987

68040 (mmu)

8K

80486 (4)

1990

1991

R4000

1993

R4400

PPC 601

SPARC II

R4600

PPC 603

Pentium
(5)

32

64

64-bit

Pentium
Pro (6)

256K

128K
128

128-bit
128

256

29000

1994

512K Pentium II

64

AMD
CPU

1995

SPARC

5x86

U.SPARC I

PPC 620

1996

K5

SPARC 2

R5000

Pent.
MMX

1997

K6

U.SPARC II

R6000

Celeron

1998

256K Pentium 3

1999

512K

Pentium 4
(7)

2000

Celeron II

Duron

Athlon

R12000 -

K7

Ultra

SPARC 3

2001

2002

2003

G3
G4

R14000

U.SPARC III

R16000 -

256-bit

2004

R16000A

2005

Intel Core
(8)

2006

(von neumann bottleneck)


(1 bus system)

Separate address and data space


(2 bus system)

.
.
Intel Processor Generations Summary
Generation

Intel
CPU

1st Generation

8086 (1)

Approx.
Year
1980

80186

1981

80286

1982

2nd Generation

80286 (2)

1982

3rd Generation

80386 (3)

1987

4th Generation

80486 (4)

1990

5th Generation

Pentium (5)

1993

6th Generation

Pentium Pro (6)

1995

Pentium II

1996

Pent. MMX

1997

Celeron

1998

Pentium 3

1999

7th Generation

8th Generation

Pentium 4 (7)

2000

Celeron II

2000

Duron

2000

Intel Core (8)


DX= w/ math copro.
SX= without
SLC= low power

G5

2006

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