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Oops

The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts including classes, objects, interfaces, abstraction, and generalization. It provides examples of how the hand is a class that can be used to create left and right hand objects. The shoulders act as an interface that allows the body to interact with hand objects. Abstraction hides irrelevant details while generalization reduces complexity by replacing similar entities with a single construct, such as using variables to represent objects.

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Maheswari Suresh
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39 views

Oops

The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts including classes, objects, interfaces, abstraction, and generalization. It provides examples of how the hand is a class that can be used to create left and right hand objects. The shoulders act as an interface that allows the body to interact with hand objects. Abstraction hides irrelevant details while generalization reduces complexity by replacing similar entities with a single construct, such as using variables to represent objects.

Uploaded by

Maheswari Suresh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is OOP? In order to clearly understand the object orientation, lets take your hand as an example.

The hand is a class. Your body has two objects of type hand, named left hand and right hand. Their main functions are controlled/ managed by a set of electrical signals sent through your shoulders (through an interface). So the shoulder is an interface which your body uses to interact with your hands. The hand is a well architected class. The hand is being re-used to create the left hand and the right hand by slightly changing the properties of it. What is an Object? An object can be considered a "thing" that can perform a set of related activities. The set of activities that the object performs defines the object's behavior. For example, the hand can grip something or a Student (object) can give the name or address. In pure OOP terms an object is an instance of a class. What is a Class? A class is simply a representation of a type of object. It is the blueprint/ plan/ template that describe the details of an object. A class is the blueprint from which the individual objects are created. Class is composed of three things: a name, attributes, and operations.

What is Abstraction
The importance of abstraction is derived from its ability to hide irrelevant details and from the use of names to reference objects. While abstraction reduces complexity by hiding irrelevant detail, generalization reduces complexity by replacing multiple entities which perform similar functions with a single construct. Generalization is the broadening of application to encompass a larger domain of objects of the same or different type. Programming languages provide generalization through variables, parameterization, generics and polymorphism. It places the emphasis on the similarities between objects. Thus, it helps to manage complexity by collecting individuals into groups and providing a representative which can be used to specify any individual of the group. Abstraction and generalization are often used together. Abstracts are generalized through parameterization to provide greater utility. In parameterization, one or more parts of an entity are replaced with a name which is new to the entity. The name is used as a parameter. When the parameterized abstract is invoked, it is invoked with a binding of the parameter to an argument.

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