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What is CAN
What is CAN?
Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial network that was originally designed for the automotive industry, but has also become a popular bus in industrial automation as well as other applications. The CAN bus is primarily used in embedded systems, and as its name implies, is the network established among microcontrollers. It is a two-wire, half duplex, high-speed network system and is well suited for high speed applications using short messages. Its robustness, reliability and the large following from the semiconductor industry are some of the benefits with CAN. CAN can theoretically link up to 2032 devices (assuming one node with one identifier) on a single network. However, due to the practical limitation of the hardware (transceivers), it can only link up to110 nodes (with 82C250, Philips) on a single network. It offers high-speed communication rate up to 1 Mbits/sec thus allows real-time control. In addition, the error confinement and the error detection feature make it more reliable in noise critical environment.
History
CAN was first developed by Robert Bosch GmbH, Germany in 1986 when they were requested to develop a communication system between three ECUs (electronic control units) in vehicles by Mercedes. They found that an UART is no longer suitable in this situation because it is used in point-to-point communication. The need for a multi-master communication system became imperative. The first CAN silicon was then fabricated in 1987 by Intel
CAN standards
The original specification is the Bosch specification. Version 2.0 of this specification is divided into two parts: Standard CAN (Version 2.0A). Uses 11 bit identifiers. Extended CAN (Version 2.0B). Uses 29 bit identifiers. The two parts define different formats of the message frame, with the main difference being the identifier length.
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