Sample: Sample Frame: Distinction Between Census and Sampling When Is A Census Appropriate? When Is Sample Appropriate?
Sample: Sample Frame: Distinction Between Census and Sampling When Is A Census Appropriate? When Is Sample Appropriate?
Census refers to complete inclusion of all elements in the population. Sample is a subgroup of the population. If population size is small Depends on researcher
When the population size is large When time and cost is the main consideration If the population is Homogeneous
Define the population Identify the sampling frame Specify the sampling unit Selection of sampling method
Random sampling lottery method & random number table. Stratified random sampling proportionate and disproportionate SS Cluster sampling / Area sampling Systematic sampling Multi stage sampling / combination sampling
Advantage
Disadvantages
It is costly
More resources are required to design and execute
Quota sampling
Judgment sampling
Convenience sampling
Snowball sampling
How to Reduce Non Sampling Error For non response provide incentives such as a gift or cash. Data error: dont ask questions, which respondents can not answer.