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CHEE 407 Plant Design and Economics For Chemical Engineers: 10/10/2011 MDSN 201 MWF 10:00 - 10:50 AM

This document discusses heuristics for plant design involving separation of components in mixtures. It recommends separating iso-butene from a mixture of 1-butene and butadiene before a reaction, as iso-butene can be easily separated from the other components. It also discusses alternatives for arranging reaction and distillation operations in the isomerization of n-butane to isobutane.

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29 views

CHEE 407 Plant Design and Economics For Chemical Engineers: 10/10/2011 MDSN 201 MWF 10:00 - 10:50 AM

This document discusses heuristics for plant design involving separation of components in mixtures. It recommends separating iso-butene from a mixture of 1-butene and butadiene before a reaction, as iso-butene can be easily separated from the other components. It also discusses alternatives for arranging reaction and distillation operations in the isomerization of n-butane to isobutane.

Uploaded by

mcdonkadonk
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHEE 407 Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers

10/10/2011 MDSN 201 MWF 10:00 10:50 AM

Some critical heuristics Heuristic 3


When nearly pure products are required, eliminate inert species before the reaction operations when the separations are easily accomplished and when the catalyst is adversely affected by the inert; but not when a large exothermic heat of reaction must be removed.

250

200

Butadiene Iso-butene 1-Butene MTBe

Vapor Pressure

150

100

50

20

40

60

80

100 120 Temp F

140

160

180

200

VP at 200 deg F psia 1-butene, A 231 butadiene, B 223 isobutene, C 181 mtbe, D 45 methanol, E 45

Relative volatility
A/B B/C C/D D/E 1.04 1.23 4.02 1

- In a mixture of A, B, and C, it is easy to separate C from A and B, but not A from a mixture of B and C. - It is easy to separate C from D, but not D from E. Reaction C + E <==> D reversible reaction

- Recommend separating iso-butene (C) from 1-butene (A) and butadiene (B) before doing the reaction. - Carryout reaction between iso-butene (C) and methanol (E) such that little methanol (E) is left unconsumed. Work with excess isobutene (C) if necessary.

- Recover and recycle excess iso-butene (C) from reaction products.

Consider the reaction and distillation operations for the isomerization of n-butane to isobutane according to the reaction n-C4HI0 <==> i-C4HI0 The feed to the process is a refinery stream which contains 20 mol% iso-butane. Show the alternatives for positioning the reaction and distillation operations.

iC4

80 mol% nC4 20 mol% iC4

n C4 H10 i C4 H10

iC4

80 mol% nC4 20 mol% iC4

n C4 H10 i C4 H10

Heat exchanger / furnace heuristics

Feed Preparation of Ethylbenzene

Ethylbenzene is to be taken from storage at


25 C and 1 atm and fed to a styrene reactor at 400C and 5 atm at 100,000 lb/h.

Show two alternatives to go from point A to point B , Which one is less expensive ?
B

P
E

H
B

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