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Ipv6 Autoconfiguration: Stateless and Stateful

This document summarizes IPv6 autoconfiguration, including stateless and stateful options. It discusses: - Stateless autoconfiguration where hosts automatically obtain an IPv6 address from router advertisements, but not DNS registration. - Stateful autoconfiguration (DHCPv6) where clients can request and obtain additional information from DHCPv6 servers like DNS addresses. - Examples of the stateless and stateful processes where hosts create IPv6 addresses from their MAC addresses and obtain DNS servers from DHCPv6 replies. - While both methods complement each other, DHCPv6 clients still have limited support, so manual configuration is still often needed.

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94 views16 pages

Ipv6 Autoconfiguration: Stateless and Stateful

This document summarizes IPv6 autoconfiguration, including stateless and stateful options. It discusses: - Stateless autoconfiguration where hosts automatically obtain an IPv6 address from router advertisements, but not DNS registration. - Stateful autoconfiguration (DHCPv6) where clients can request and obtain additional information from DHCPv6 servers like DNS addresses. - Examples of the stateless and stateful processes where hosts create IPv6 addresses from their MAC addresses and obtain DNS servers from DHCPv6 replies. - While both methods complement each other, DHCPv6 clients still have limited support, so manual configuration is still often needed.

Uploaded by

Mohamed Amin
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IPv6 Autoconfiguration

Stateless and Stateful


Miguel Baptista [email protected]

Copy ... Rights


This slide set is the ownership of the 6DISS project via its partners The Powerpoint version of this material may be reused and modified only with written authorization Using part of this material must mention 6DISS courtesy PDF files are available from www.6diss.org Looking for a contact ? Mail to : [email protected] Or [email protected]

Contributions
Main authors
Miguel Baptista, FCCN, Portugal Carlos Friaas, FCCN, Portugal

Contributors
Mnica Domingues, FCCN, Portugal Paulo Ferreira, FCCN, Portugal Bernard Tuy, Renater, France Pedro Lorga, FCCN, Portugal

Prerequisites
You must have followed previously the modules:
010-IPv6 020-IPv6 030-IPv6 040-IPv6 Introduction Protocol Addressing Associated Protocols

Agenda
Stateless Autoconfiguration Stateful Autoconfiguration (DHCPv6) Conclusions

Stateless Autoconfiguration
Hosts should be plug & play Uses some of the Neighbor Discovery ICMPv6 messages When booting, the host asks for network parameters:
IPv6 prefix(es) default router address(es) hop limit (link local) MTU

Stateless Autoconfiguration
Only routers have to be manually configured
but work on prefix delegation is in progress
(http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3633.txt)

Hosts can get automatically an IPv6 address


BUT it isnt automatically registered in the DNS

but servers should be manually configured

Stateless Autoconfiguration
IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration is described in RFC 2462 Hosts are listening for Router Advertisements (RA) messages, periodically transmited by routers RA messages coming from the router(s) on the link identify the subnet Allows a host to create a global IPv6 address from:
Its interface identifier (EUI-64 address) Link Prefix (obtained via Router Advertisement)

Global Address = combine Link Prefix with EUI-64 address

Stateless Autoconfiguration
Usually, the router sending the RA messages is used, by hosts, as the default router If the RA doesnt carry any prefix
The hosts dont configure (automatically) any global IPv6 address (but may configure the default gateway address)

RA messages contain two flags indicating what type of stateful autoconfiguration (if any) should be performed Its impossible to automatically send DNS server addresses IPv6 addresses depends on NIC card

Stateless Autoconfiguration example


MAC address is 00:0E:0C:31:C8:1F EUI-64 address is 20E:0CFF:FE31:C81F

Internet

2. Do1. Create Server Address DAD And the DNS the link 5. DoRouter a Duplicate Address address 3. 4. Create global Detection Send Set Default address 6. Routerlocal a ?! Solicitation
FE80::20E:0CFF:FE31:C81F 2001:690:1:1:: 0E:0CFF:FE31:C81F 2 */0 FE80::20F:23FF:FEf0:551A Router Solicitation Dest. FF02::2

FF02::2 (All routers) Router Advertisement FE80::20F:23FF:FEF0:551A

2001:690:1:1

Stateful autoconfiguration (DHCPv6)


Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6
RFC 3315 stateful counterpart to IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration.

According to RFC3315 DHCPv6 is used when:


no router is found Or if Router advertisement message enable use of DHCP

Stateful autoconfiguration (DHCPv6)


DHCPv6 works in a client-server model
Server
Responds to requests from clients Optionally provides the client with:
IPv6 addresses Other configuration parameters (DNS servers)

Is listening on multicast addresses:


All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers (FF02::1:2) All_DHCP_Servers (FF05::1:3)

Memorize clients state Provide means for securing access control to network resources

Stateful autoconfiguration (DHCPv6)


Client
initiates requests on a link to obtain configuration parameters use its link local address to connect the server Send requests to FF02::1:2 multicast address (All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers)

Relay agent
node that acts as an intermediary to deliver DHCP messages between clients and servers is on the same link as the client Is listening on multicast addresses:
All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers (FF02::1:2)

Stateful Autoconfiguration example


2. Host execute an servers Address 4. Serverwill send an Information-Request 3. Client Host configures a Reply Message 1. Whats responds DHCPv6 DNS server 5. the DNS with the Client

Internet

Example: in /etc/resolver.conf file

Information-Request (DNS Servers address?) DHCPv6 Server FF02::1:2 (All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers)

Reply-message DNS 2001:690:5:0::10

Conclusions
The two types of configuration complement each other
Example: we can obtain the address from stateless autoconfiguration and the DNS server address from DHCPv6

In dual-stack networks we can obtain DNS server addresses from DHCPv4 DHCPv6 clients still arent available in Operating Systems.
So, we still need to run a client No transparent to users

Questions?

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