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Chem 373 - Assigned Problems For Chapter 10 On The Particle in A Box

1. The document provides assigned problems from Chapter 10 on particles in a box. It includes calculating energy levels and separations, probabilities of finding a particle in certain regions, setting up the Schrodinger equation, and determining the most likely locations of a particle in different energy states. 2. The problems cover particles in 1D, 2D, and 3D boxes and require using the Schrodinger equation and wavefunctions to solve for energy levels, probabilities, and other properties. 3. Conversions between different energy units like Joules, eV, and cm-1 are also addressed for particles in 1D boxes of varying lengths.

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90 views6 pages

Chem 373 - Assigned Problems For Chapter 10 On The Particle in A Box

1. The document provides assigned problems from Chapter 10 on particles in a box. It includes calculating energy levels and separations, probabilities of finding a particle in certain regions, setting up the Schrodinger equation, and determining the most likely locations of a particle in different energy states. 2. The problems cover particles in 1D, 2D, and 3D boxes and require using the Schrodinger equation and wavefunctions to solve for energy levels, probabilities, and other properties. 3. Conversions between different energy units like Joules, eV, and cm-1 are also addressed for particles in 1D boxes of varying lengths.

Uploaded by

Nuansak3
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assigned problems for Chapter 10 on the particle in a box

-1 -1 1. calculate the energy separation in J, kJ mol , eV, and cm, between the levels (a) n = 2 and n = 1 , ( b ) n 6 and n = 5 = of an electron in a 1- D box of length 1,0 nm

n 2h E= 8m e L2 E= n 2h (6.626x10 34 Js) 2 = = 6.02x10 20 j 2 31 9 2 8m e L (8)x(9.109x10 Kg)x(1.0x10 m)

The conversion factors required are E/(kJ mol -1 ) = Na E/ J 10

-1 1 eV = 1.602x10 -19 J; 1 cm = 1.986x10 -23 J

h 23 (a) E 2 E1 = (4 - 1 ) J 2 = 3x(6.02x10 8m e L = 18.06x10 -20 J = 1.81x10 -19 J; 110kJ mol -1 ; 1.1 eV; 9100 cm-1

2. Calculate the probability that a particle will be found between 0.49 L and 0.51L in a 1 - D box of length L when it has (a) n = 1 , (b) n=2. The the wavefunction to be a constant in this range the wavefunctions are = 2 n x sin L L

The propability is P=
0.51L n 0.49L 2

dx

(a)

P=

2 n x sin 2 x L L

For x =.5L n= 1 P= 2 sin 2 x0.02L = 0.04 2 L

3. (a) Write the Schrdinger equation for a particle in a 1- square well D of length L (b) Calculate the expectation value of p and p 2 for a particle in the state n=1
Answ:

(a) h2 d 2 =E 2m dx 2 which has the solution = n x 2 sin L L h d i dx


L n 0

= p

< p >=

n x 2h L n x d * p n dx = 2 sin sin dx iL 0 L dx L

2h L n x n x = 2 sin cos dx = 0 L iL 0 L

4. What are the most likely locations of a particle in a box of length L in the state n = 3 ? = 2 3 x sin L L
3 3

P ( x )

3 x sin 2 L dP(x) =0 dx

The maxima and minima in P(x) corresponds to 3 x 3 x 6 x dP(x) sin cos sin L L L dx sin = 0 when 6 x = = n' , n = 0,1,2..... L n' L , n'< 6. 6

which corresponds to x =

n' = 0,2,4, and 6 corresponds to minima in n' = 1, 3, and 5 to maxima

5. Set up the Schrdinger equation for a particle of mass m in a threedimensional square well with

sides L x ; Ly ; Lz . Show that the wavefunction is defined by three quantum numbers and that the Schrdinger equantion is separable . Find the energy levels, and specialize the results to a cubic box of side L

Please see handout on particle in 3-D box (Lecture-10)

6. To a crude first approximation, a electron in a linear polyene my be considered to be a particle in a one dimensional box. The polyene - carotene contains 22 conjugated C atoms, and the average internuclear distance is 140 pm. Each state up to n =11 is occupied by two electrons. Calculate (a) the separation in energy between the ground state and the first excited state in which one electron occupies the state with n=12. (b) The frequency of the radiation required to produce a transition between these two states (c) The total probability of finding an electron between C atoms 11 and 12 in the groundsate of the 22-electron molecule
Answ:
-10 ( a ) : L =(21)x(1.40x10 m) = 2.94x10 9 m

E = E12 E11 =

h2 h2 = (2n + 1)x = (2x11 + 1)x 8mL2 8mL2


19

(23)x(6.626x10 34 Js) = 1.603x10 (8)x(9.11x10 31 Kg)x(2.94x10 9 ) 2

J = 1.60x10 19 J

(b) :

E 1.603x10 19 J = = = 2.42x10 14 s 1 = 2.42x10 14 Hz 34 h 6.626x10 Js

7. Consider a particle in a cubic box. What is the degeneracy of the levels that has an energy three times that of the lowest level.

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