2 OSIsoft - PI - PI Process Book User Guide
2 OSIsoft - PI - PI Process Book User Guide
Version 3.1
OSIsoft, Inc.
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OSIsoft, Inc. is the owner of the following trademarks and registered trademarks: PI System, PI ProcessBook, Sequencia, Sigmafine, gRecipe, sRecipe, and RLINK. All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Any trademark that appears in this book that is not owned by OSIsoft, Inc. is the property of its owner and use herein in no way indicates an endorsement, recommendation, or warranty of such party's products or any affiliation with such party of any kind. RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 Published: 9/25/2008
Table of Contents
Introduction.....................................................................................................................................1 What Can You View with PI ProcessBook? .......................................................................1 System Requirements ........................................................................................................4 Installation ..........................................................................................................................4 PI ProcessBook Essentials ...........................................................................................................7 Starting PI ProcessBook ....................................................................................................7 Workspace .........................................................................................................................7 ProcessBook (PIW) ............................................................................................................8 Display................................................................................................................................8 Run Mode and Build Mode.................................................................................................8 Servers and Connections...................................................................................................8 Time Concepts .................................................................................................................10 Menus and Toolbars.........................................................................................................16 Preference Settings..........................................................................................................18 Add-Ins .............................................................................................................................25 Keyboard Shortcuts..........................................................................................................28 Print ..................................................................................................................................29 About PI ProcessBook .....................................................................................................31 Using Online Help ............................................................................................................32 Work with a ProcessBook ...........................................................................................................33 Basic Steps to Build a ProcessBook ................................................................................33 Create a New ProcessBook .............................................................................................33 Open an Existing ProcessBook........................................................................................34 Run Mode Pointer ............................................................................................................35 Build Mode Pointer ...........................................................................................................35 Add ProcessBook Entries ................................................................................................35 Arrange ProcessBook Entries ..........................................................................................41 Properties .........................................................................................................................47 Import Files to a ProcessBook .........................................................................................50 File Sharing Capability .....................................................................................................51 Move a ProcessBook to Another PC................................................................................51 Work with a Display......................................................................................................................53 Overview of Display Elements .........................................................................................53 Manage Displays and Independent Display Files ............................................................55 Drawing Area....................................................................................................................60 Tags .................................................................................................................................60
PI ProcessBook User Guide iii
Table of Contents
Display Point Attributes ....................................................................................................61 Drawing Tools ..................................................................................................................62 Formatting ........................................................................................................................63 ToolTip Statistics ..............................................................................................................68 Layers within Displays......................................................................................................68 Module-relative Displays ..................................................................................................72 Migrate Displays to Another PI Server .............................................................................76 Trends............................................................................................................................................77 Create a Trend .................................................................................................................77 Define Trend Dialog .........................................................................................................80 Configure Trend Scale .....................................................................................................84 Trend Analysis Tools........................................................................................................85 Change Time Range ........................................................................................................88 How Trends Refresh ........................................................................................................88 Trend Appearance............................................................................................................88 Ad Hoc Trends .................................................................................................................94 OpenVMS Trends and Graphics ......................................................................................95 XYPlots ..........................................................................................................................................97 Draw an XYPlot ................................................................................................................99 Linear Regression by Least Squares .............................................................................109 Correlation Coefficient....................................................................................................109 Interpreting an XYPlot ....................................................................................................110 Zoom/Revert Functions ..................................................................................................110 Change Time Range Feature.........................................................................................112 XYPlot Cursors...............................................................................................................112 Bad Status Indicators .....................................................................................................113 Out of Range Indicators .................................................................................................114 Too Many Points ............................................................................................................114 Examples of XYPlots......................................................................................................114 Additional Symbols ....................................................................................................................117 Dynamic Symbols...........................................................................................................117 Static Symbols................................................................................................................125 Work with Symbols.....................................................................................................................135 Details and Annotations .................................................................................................135 Select and Move a Symbol ............................................................................................138 Select Multiple Symbols .................................................................................................138 Rotate a Symbol.............................................................................................................139 Flip a Symbol..................................................................................................................139 Delete a Symbol .............................................................................................................139 Stacking Order ...............................................................................................................140 Align Multiple Symbols ...................................................................................................141 Group, Ungroup, or Regroup symbols ...........................................................................141 Connect Symbols ...........................................................................................................142
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Item Definition ................................................................................................................151 Status Report for Dynamic Symbols ..............................................................................152 Status Flags for Unusual Data .......................................................................................153 Data Sets .....................................................................................................................................155 PI Calculation Data Sets ................................................................................................156 Custom Data Sets ..........................................................................................................159 ODBC Data Sets ............................................................................................................160 Placeholders...................................................................................................................162 Is a Data Set in Use? .....................................................................................................164 Data Set Details .............................................................................................................164 Add a Data Set to a Trend .............................................................................................165 Time Intervals for Plotting Tags and Data Sets .............................................................166 Refresh a Trend Containing a Data Set .........................................................................166 Add Data Sets to Bars or Values in a Display................................................................166 Run PI ProcessBook When Data Sets Are Included .....................................................167 Edit a Data Set ...............................................................................................................167 Delete a Data Set ...........................................................................................................168 Copy a Data Set to Another ProcessBook .....................................................................168 Loading Custom Data Sets ............................................................................................169 Embedding and Linking.............................................................................................................171 Overview of PI ProcessBook OLE Compound Documents ...........................................171 OLE Automation in PI ProcessBook ..............................................................................171 Object Linking and Embedding ......................................................................................172 ActiveX Controls.............................................................................................................173 Example of Embedded and Linked Objects in a ProcessBook Display.........................174 Icons vs. Graphics..........................................................................................................174 Embedding in ProcessBook ...........................................................................................175 Windows Drag and Drop ................................................................................................176 Link a File to a ProcessBook Display.............................................................................176 Dynamic and Manual Updates of a Linked Object.........................................................177 Edit, Update, or Break Links ..........................................................................................177 How Links Are Stored.....................................................................................................177 Select a New Source Link ..............................................................................................178 Edit the Appearance of an OLE Object ..........................................................................178 Commands That Ignore OLE objects.............................................................................178 Placement of OLE objects..............................................................................................178 OLE Object Colors .........................................................................................................179 Edit the Contents of OLE objects ...................................................................................179 Edit the Contents of an Embedded Object.....................................................................179 Edit the Contents of a Linked Object..............................................................................179 Delete an OLE Object from a Display ............................................................................180 Display an OLE Object with an Icon...............................................................................180 Convert Objects to Icons................................................................................................180 Share ProcessBook Displays with Other Applications...................................................181 Link a ProcessBook to Another Application ...................................................................182 OLE Container/Server ....................................................................................................182
PI ProcessBook User Guide v
Table of Contents
Visual Basic for Applications in PI ProcessBook ...................................................................183 VBA Commands.............................................................................................................183 ActiveX Automation ........................................................................................................183 What You Can Do with ActiveX Automation in PI ProcessBook....................................183 Automation Vocabulary ..................................................................................................184 ODBC ...........................................................................................................................................185 ODBC Driver Manager ...................................................................................................185 ODBC Drivers.................................................................................................................185 ODBC Data Sources ......................................................................................................185 ODBC Data Access........................................................................................................185 ODBC Data Source Administrator..................................................................................186 Prepare for ODBC ..........................................................................................................187 Configure the ODBC Data Source .................................................................................187 Use MSQuery to Build Data Sets...................................................................................188 Assumptions about Timestamps and Data Sets ............................................................188 Stored Procedures in Queries........................................................................................188 Troubleshoot ODBC Data Sets ......................................................................................189 Trace ODBC Calls..........................................................................................................189 Delete an ODBC Driver ..................................................................................................190 Delete an ODBC Data Source .......................................................................................190 Edit an ODBC Data Source............................................................................................190 Troubleshooting Tips .................................................................................................................191 Display Can't Find Data..................................................................................................191 Trend Cursor Does Not Appear .....................................................................................191 Trend Legend Does Not Appear ....................................................................................191 Cant Change or Save a Display ....................................................................................191 Is an XYPlot Updating? ..................................................................................................191 Is an OLE Object in a Display Linked or Embedded?....................................................192 Linked Object Data Isn't Updating..................................................................................192 ODBC Problems.............................................................................................................193 System Administrator Notes .....................................................................................................195 PI ProcessBook Connection to Windows NT or UNIX Servers .....................................195 PI ProcessBook Connection to OpenVMS Servers .......................................................195 Read/Write Data Access for Users ................................................................................195 Machine Address............................................................................................................196 PROCBOOK.INI .............................................................................................................196 IMPPIGP.INI...................................................................................................................206 SETUPProcessBook.LOG .............................................................................................209 Technical Support and Resources ...........................................................................................211 Before You Call or Write for Help...................................................................................212 Index ............................................................................................................................................215
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Chapter 1
Introduction
PI ProcessBook is a PC application for displaying plant information stored in the PI Data Archive (page 2) or in relational databases. The PI ProcessBook application displays one or more ProcessBooks (page 8), which are collections of display (page 8) entries. These display entries show your process data from one or more PI Systems as well as other static and dynamic information from outside sources such as schematic drawings, laboratory data, or specifications. Displays can also be saved as independent files. ProcessBook displays may be linked to other displays within the same ProcessBook or to displays in a separate ProcessBook or independent file. You can also include buttons that launch other applications. You can share ProcessBooks among users, thereby eliminating the need to build duplicate displays, however, only one user at a time can open individual display files. On networks, an unlimited number of users may access the same ProcessBook at the same time. Furthermore, you can have up to six simultaneous sessions of the application active on a computer. The PI ProcessBook application incorporates Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), so that you can automate special activities or routine chores. OSIsoft produces several add-in products for PI ProcessBook, including PI BatchView and PI Statistical Quality Control (SQC).
Introduction
ProcessBook displays may be linked to other displays within the same ProcessBook, or to displays in a separate ProcessBook. You can also include buttons that launch other applications.
PI Data Archive The PI Archive is a time-series database that collects, stores, and retrieves numerical and string data. The PI Archive resides on a host computer and is connected to your PC via the PI Server and your network. When you open a display (page 8) containing dynamic symbols, PI ProcessBook retrieves data from the PI Archive. PI ProcessBook also notifies the PI Server that it would like to receive data whenever the readings for the dynamic symbols change. Each time a reading changes for points in the display, the information is recorded in the PI Server. This new information is sent to your displays and all the new values are added to trend traces. This is true even if you reduce the display to an icon (page 58). If you open a display but are not connected to a PI Server, PI ProcessBook automatically tries to connect to the servers in the display. If multiple servers are accessed, the application tries to connect to each disconnected server used in the display and the message Attempting to Connect displays on the Status Bar. If security is enabled on the server, you may be prompted to log in to the server.
Updates to PI Data When a display is opened, current values of PI tags are used for dynamic elements other than trends and XY plots. For trends and XY plots, the time scale is configurable on a plot-by-plot basis. See Changing the Time Range (page 14) for information on viewing historical values. Displays are updated whenever values change. Every five seconds, PI ProcessBook displays any new values for tags in open displays from each PI Server. You can modify the update rate. See Procbook.ini (page 196) for more details. For trends, new values are added to the trend traces. This update by exception algorithm has two benefits: Values that do not change are not sent over the network at every update. This can be a significant efficiency improvement over traditional scanning. Values that change more than once within five seconds are shown accurately on trends because all of the changes are delivered to PI ProcessBook. Values from PI calculations and custom data sets are also updated dynamically.
PI ProcessBook Datasets
PI ProcessBook can plot data from relational databases through Open Database Connectivity (ODBC), which means that you can retrieve and display dynamic data from other ODBCcompliant databases based on fixed or variable criteria. You can also view data from data sets based on PI Performance Equations or standard functions, such as minimum or maximum value. These are called PI Calculation data sets. If you have custom data sets, these may be available to PI ProcessBook using a VBA add-in and will update dynamically.
PI ProcessBook OLE
PI ProcessBook provides the capability to use OLE linking and embedding (page 172). You can embed or link OLE objects from other Windows applications into a ProcessBook display. The data might be derived from a wide variety of OLE-compliant applications, such as spreadsheets, documents, graphics objects, etc. PI ProcessBook is an OLE Automation server. Programmers can write scripts that manipulate and retrieve PI data.
Introduction
System Requirements
You can use PI ProcessBook with Windows 2000, XP, Vista, 2003 Server, 2000 Server, and on Intel platforms. The 3.1 release of PI ProcessBook is shipped in a 32-bit version. As more advanced PI ProcessBook features are added, your system may require more memory.
Installation
Upgrade from Previous Version of PI ProcessBook
If you have a previous version of PI ProcessBook installed on your computer, you should upgrade that version, rather than uninstall it. During the installation of PI ProcessBook 3.1, your previous version of PI ProcessBookis removed; however, .ini files settings are retained. If you have created or edited displays and ProcessBooks with other versions of PI ProcessBook, those files will work with PI ProcessBook 3.1.
Installation
Installation Test
You can view the results of the installation process by examining the setup log:
PIPC\DAT\SetupProcessBook.log
This log also contains information pertaining to the directory structure, node, .dlls, user name, and installation of various PI ProcessBook files. If the log file is not found in the \PIPC\Dat folder, look in the root directory of your system drive (e.g., C:\). Once you install PI ProcessBook, you can see the words PI System on the Windows Start menu under Programs. At this point, you are ready to use PI ProcessBook. Call OSI Technical Support (page 211) if you experience problems with your software.
Installed Files
Upon completion, Setup installs PI ProcessBook under the root directory PIPC. Setup also installs online help files and Release Notes. See the Release Notes (readme.htm) for a complete list of files. The Release Notes are normally installed at:
C:\Program Files\PIPC\procbook\readme.htm
You can look at SetupProcessBook.log in the Dat directory of your PI ProcessBook installation to see a list of files installed by PI ProcessBook's Setup on your computer. SetupProcessBook.log does not show the files installed by VBA.
Chapter 2
PI ProcessBook Essentials
Process data is stored in the PI Server Archive, part of the foundation of the PI System. The Archive handles the collection, storage, and retrieval of numerical and string data. PI ProcessBook provides access to these data. When you log in to PI ProcessBook, you obtain values from the Archive via the PI Server or servers to which you are connected.
Starting PI ProcessBook
To use PI ProcessBook you need to start the application, log in to the PI Server, open a specific ProcessBook file, and open a display. 1. Either double-click on the PI ProcessBook icon on the desktop, or select the Start button > Programs > PI System > PI ProcessBook. If security is not configured at your site, you automatically log into PI ProcessBook. If security is configured, the PI Server Login dialog appears. 2. Enter your PI user name or host user name and password (if prompted). 3. If the PI Server to which you want to connect is not shown, enter the desired PI Server name (sometimes called the node). 4. Click OK to begin the login process. This may take a few seconds while the application connects to the specified server. The status bar displays the message, Attempting to Connect. When the application connects to the server, the status bar displays the message, Connection Was Successful.
Note: If you click Cancel, PI ProcessBook starts, but is not connected to the server. Whenever you open a display containing tags from a PI Server, the application attempts to connect again and you may see the login dialog.
Workspace
When you start PI ProcessBook, it appears as an open window or workspace on the desktop. Depending on your settings, you may initially see an empty workspace, or an open ProcessBook (page 8) in either Book or Outline view. Within the PI ProcessBook workspace you can open a ProcessBook or independent display.
PI ProcessBook Essentials
ProcessBook (PIW)
In PI ProcessBook we refer to a ProcessBook as the container for the information and analysis of the process you are monitoring. A ProcessBook may appear as either a tabbed book - Book view (page 41), or an outline - Outline view (page 44), and is saved as a separate file with a PIW extension. A ProcessBook is a collection of individual displays of data and analysis. Use a ProcessBook to organize data from the PI System and other sources so that you can analyze the processes you monitor or the tasks you perform. A ProcessBook and its displays are stored in a single file.
Display
The main unit for creating presentations of data in PI ProcessBook is the display. A display may stand on its own (.pdi or.svg), or it may be part of a ProcessBook (.piw). A display contains all the symbols used to represent an operational environment using real-time, production data from PI as well as data from other sources. In addition to containing this collection of data elements, the display has its own set of features and properties that affect the collection of data elements. Displays can show a variety of elements, such as a schematic representation of a production line, a plot of readings taken from a production line, or a comparison of lab data and batch specifications. Displays can also be linked to other ProcessBooks, displays in other ProcessBooks, or other applications.
Connect to a Server
1. Choose File > Connections. The PI Connection Manager dialog appears. The dialog lists the configured servers to which you can connect and the PI Version used by each server. It also shows the server you have chosen as the default server. 2. Select the check box next to a server name. You may select more than one, or Choose Server > Connect to <server name>. 3. Click Close.
Note: If you select more than one server, the application tries to connect to each server using the same user ID and password. If it fails, a new PI Server Login dialog appears. If you already are logged in to the server from a different PI application, such as DataLink or Control Monitor, the application uses the user ID and password with which you logged in. See the PI-SDK Controls and Dialogs User Help for more detail.
Network Errors
Network Errors update the Status Report dialog, rather than displaying error messages on your monitor. When a display is opened but the server is not found, only one Select New Node dialog appears. The dialog appears once for each server that is not in the Known Servers table.
PI ProcessBook Essentials
Multi-State symbols show the configured color for bad data. If a server has been disconnected and cannot be found, a Select New Node dialog appears. You can choose a new server from the drop-down list of connected servers or you can choose File > Connections to launch the PI Connection Manager dialog.
Time Concepts
PI Time
PI Time abbreviations and PI time expressions allow you to specify times and time ranges for PI data using constants, variables, and short expressions. PI Time Abbreviations An interval is a unit of time that can be used in time entries. Intervals that support fractional values are listed below. For intervals where the Fractions column indicates No, fractional amounts cannot be used in time strings.
Name second minute hour day month year week Short name s m h d mo y w Plural name seconds minutes hours days months years weeks Member names no no no no yes (for example, December) no no Fractions yes yes yes no no no no
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Time Concepts
Short name wd yd
Fractions no no
You can spell out month and weekday names, or enter the first three letters (for example, Dec, Tue). PI Times can also be expressed using certain constants:
Constant * Today or t Yesterday or y Sunday or sun Result The current time. 12:00 am of the current day. 12:00 am of the previous day. 00:00:00 (midnight) on the most recent past Sunday (in reference to the PI Server).
PI Time Expressions PI allows three types of time expressions: relative time, combined time, and absolute time. These time expression types are defined in the following table.
Expression Relative Time Description Relative time expressions specify a number of days, hours, minutes, or seconds with either a leading plus sign or a leading minus sign. The reference time, or starting time, for the relative time expression is the current time if both start and end times are relative. A combined time expression is a specific reference time followed by a relative time expression. Examples +1d -24h -3m +24s
Combined Time
Absolute Time
An absolute time expression is any time expression that is neither a relative nor a combined time expression.
When using PI times, follow these guidelines: Use absolute or combined time expressions, rather than relative time expressions. Otherwise you may get an error message or a starting time that is not what you expect, depending on the context of the expression. Relative and combined time expressions contain only a single operator: either a single plus sign (+) or a single minus sign (-). Additional operators can lead to unpredictable results. For example, the following are not valid time expressions:
*+1d+4h T-1d+12h
The name or short name for an interval used to denote PI time is not case-sensitive.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
Time Interval Examples In interval expressions, a positive or unmarked interval anchors off the starttime, and a negative interval anchors off the endtime of a time expression. For example, if starttime is y, endtime is t, and interval is +5h for a Sampled Data function, then interpolated values are generated at y, y+5h, y+10h, y+15h, and y+20h. If the interval is -5h, the interpolated values are generated at y+4h, y+9h, y+14h, y+19h and t.
PI Time String 1.5h 32m 49s +5h -5h Meaning One and one-half hours Thirty-two minutes Forty-nine seconds Five hours anchoring off starttime Five hours anchoring off endtime
The Time Range toolbar is used for working with dynamic symbols. In general, the commands on this toolbar affect only the symbols selected on the display. If no symbols are
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Time Concepts
selected, all symbols are affected. This toolbar, which must be used in Run mode, contains three buttons:
Revert (page 13)returns the trend or other dynamic symbol to its original setting.
Change Time Range (page 14)opens a dialog to set new, temporary start and end times. For Bars, Values, and Multi-State symbols, there is no start time, only an end time.
To discard any of the changes you have made to the time range of a trend or the effective time of a Bar, Value, or Multi-State symbol and return it to its original or saved setting: In Run mode, choose View > Revert, or Click the Revert button.
New Dialog In order to create a new ProcessBook, an entry within the ProcessBook that is currently open, or an independent display, choose File > New to launch the New dialog.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
New ProcessBook When you create and save a new ProcessBook, the application initially gives it the title Untitledn where n represents the number of ProcessBooks created during the current session. You may specify a better title, including up to 43 characters and spaces, such as Filtration Plant Number 5. This title is displayed in the title bar of the window listing the contents of your ProcessBook. PI ProcessBook also creates a file name for the new ProcessBook. It suggests the first word or first eight characters from your title and an extension of .piw. For example, PI ProcessBook may suggest Filtrati.piw. If you plan to build a whole set of ProcessBooks, you might choose to modify the title to something that sorts your set of ProcessBooks within the Windows Explorer in some meaningful order, such as 05FiltrP.piw. Using Windows Explorer, you may also change the file name after the file is closed. New ProcessBook Entry The name of the current ProcessBook is shown in the ProcessBook Name text box. Click OK to launch the Define ProcessBook Entry dialog where you can add a ProcessBook entry. Once created, you can change either the name or the location of your entry while in Book View (page 41) or Outline View (page 44). New Display File (.pdi) If you want to create a separate file for a display, rather than one within a ProcessBook, choose this option and enter the name for the display. This name will be used at the top of the display window. When you save the display, you can specify where it should be stored.
The Time Range command lets you enter new starting and ending times for dynamic symbols. When you specify a time range for a single-time dynamic element, such as a MultiState symbol, bar or value, only the end time is used.
Note: The time represented on your display is the time relative to the PI Server, unless you have selected the client time zone setting for your display. If the PI Server to which you are connected is in a different time zone, time on your display represents the distant time zone, not the local one.
1. In Run mode, select the dynamic symbol or symbols for which you want to change the time range. If no symbols are selected, the time range change affects all dynamic symbols on the display. 2. Click the Time Range button on the Time Range toolbar, or
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Time Concepts
Choose View > Time Range. The Change Time Range dialog opens, allowing you to change the time span for a trend or plot, or the effective time for a bar, value, or Multi-State symbol.
3. Select new starting and ending times from the drop-down lists or define your own starting and ending times. Time ranges can be relative, absolute, or combined. 4. Click OK. The selected elements change to reflect the new time range.
1. In Run mode, select the dynamic symbol or symbols for which you want to change the time range. If no symbols are selected, the time range change affects all dynamic symbols in the display. 2. On the Time Range toolbar, click the forward or backward Scroll Time button, or Click and drag the Scroll Time slider, or Click the space on either side of the Scroll Time slider to increment or decrement by a time span. If the slider is dragged, a ToolTip is updated with the end time that is applied when you release the mouse button. 3. Release the mouse button. Selected symbols are refreshed with the new time range.
Note: You can scroll the time for all items in a display or selected items. If no trend is included in the selected items, the scroll buttons are disabled.
Use the time backward and forward buttons to scroll the time range forward or backward. To do this: 1. Click on the desired symbols with the Run Mode pointer. 2. Click the Time Forward or Time Backward button.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
Trends scroll by the time range specified in the trend definition. When you select multiple trends, each trend maintains its time range as it is scrolled. If you select a trend and a dynamic element such as a value, the non-trend symbol scrolls by the time range specified in the trend definition. For example, if the trend displays data from 1:00 to 4:00 (three hours) and the value has a timestamp of 5:00, scrolling backward shows trend data from 10:00 to 1:00. The value's timestamp also changes by three hours (2:00).
Future Trends
It is possible to set trends with an end date in the future by choosing an end time of the present (*) plus an amount of time, such as 4 hours or 8 days. These trends update if they are less than the update time limit. The default update time limit is 24 hours, but that duration limit can be changed. You can set the time range for a trend into the future by using * + an amount of time no more than 7 days greater than the start time. A trend can also be scrolled into the future using the time range buttons, but then it does not update.
Toolbars
Standardcontains standard Windows and ProcessBook commands, including buttons for new, open, save, print, copy, paste, undo, tag search, trend cursor, trend display, zoom, layers, and help VBAprovides access to the VBA automation environment
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Drawingfor drawing symbols. Also includes Build/Run mode selectors Context Display Menucontains commands that appear in the context menu for display windows Context Book Menuappear in the context menu for Table of Contents windows Full Screenallows you to view your workspace in full screen mode Time Rangefor manipulating time in Run mode Symbol Formattingnew in version 3.1, this toolbar contains buttons for formatting fonts, colors, and line styles. PI ProcessBook also includes the now deprecated Formatting toolbar to support backwards compatibility Layoutprovides controls to affect the layout of selected symbols on a display Customize Toolbars Toolbars may be displayed or omitted as follows: 1. Choose View > Toolbars. The Toolbars tab of the Customize dialog opens. 2. Check the toolbars you wish to display, and click OK. 3. To move a toolbar, click on the double vertical bar at the left end and drag to the new location. If the toolbar has no move handle, click on the title bar instead. 4. To reshape a floating toolbar (one without move handles), grab one of its edges and drag to a new shape.
Toolbar Buttons
Many of the menu commands in PI ProcessBook can be selected by clicking a button on a toolbar. To determine the use of a button on a toolbar, hover the mouse pointer over the button. A small text window appears. You can configure toolbars to display as view-only to omit unnecessary buttons. View-only toolbars and others can be specified in procbook.ini (page 196).
Add Buttons to Toolbars You can change the icons that appear on the toolbars or create your own custom toolbar. 1. Choose View > Toolbars. 2. From the Commands tab of the Toolbars dialog, you can select a particular toolbar in the dialog and drag buttons to existing toolbars in your PI ProcessBook window. 3. While the Commands tab is open, you can also drag buttons off of a toolbar to remove them from your window.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
Preference Settings
You can reach the ProcessBook Preferences dialog by choosing Tools > Preferences. Preference settings determine how the ProcessBook entries look, what colors are available when you draw, and whether your ProcessBook opens in Book View or Outline View.
Note: Preference settings are stored in the file procbook.ini. Before you change the Preference settings, consider creating a back-up copy of procbook.ini so that you can restore PI ProcessBook to the original settings.
General Preferences
Choose Tools > Preferences > General tab to configure application-wide settings. These settings are stored in and retrieved from the [STARTUP] section of your procbook.ini (page 196) file.
AuthorDetermines the name used as the creator of new files and the person who lasted edited the file. See Summary Information in Processbook (page 47) for more information. This field is blank by default when PI ProcessBook is first installed on a computer. Startup FileThe file name and path in this field determine which, if any, file is open when the application is launched. The default value when PI ProcessBook is first installed is <installation path>\procbook\pidemo.piw. Library FileThe file name and path in this field determine which, if any, file is opened when the original symbol library command is used. The default value when PI ProcessBook is first installed is <installation path>\procbook\symlibry.piw. Prefer Run ModeDetermines whether ProcessBook starts up in Run mode or Build mode by default. By default, this option is enabled when PI ProcessBook is first installed on a computer.
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Preference Settings
Create Backup FilesDetermines whether backup files (with a .bak extension) are automatically created when a PI ProcessBook file is opened. By default, this option is turned off when PI ProcessBook is first installed on a computer. Retain snapshot values on updating plotsDetermines whether the archive event pipe is used for updating trends, discarding any snapshot values between stored, archive values. This setting is stored as PB2TraceCompatibility in the [STARTUP] section of your procbook.ini. By default, this option is turned on when PI ProcessBook is first installed on a computer. Leaving this option selected results in a more jagged trace that gets smoothed when the display is reopened or the trend is reverted. Date and Time FormatSettings in this area determine how time is displayed in PI ProcessBook. Previews of each format are shown to help you select the desired option. The Use local Windows format option uses the current Regional Options settings in the Windows Control Panel on the client machine to determine how dates and times are displayed. Dates are shown using the currently configured Short Date format and Times are shown using the current time format settings. The Use PI Time Format option displays timestamps in the default PI format of ddmmm-yy HH:mm:ss.ssss, where dd is the day of the month, mmm is a the short text abbreviation of the month name (e.g., Jan for January), yy is the two digit year, HH is the hour in 24-hour format, mm is the minute and ss.sss is the second, including subseconds, if present. Default Time ZoneDetermines whether timestamps reflect the time zone of the PI Server used to retrieve data (PI Server time zone), or the time zone of the local computer (Client machine time zone), when a new display is created. By default, the PI Server option is selected when PI ProcessBook is first installed on a computer. This setting can also be changed and is stored with each display.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
Default ViewSettings in this area determine how ProcessBook entries are displayed by default. The default is Book view. Font SettingsThe controls in this area determine the font settings applied to each entry level in a ProcessBook. The font settings control the display of entry names in Table of Contents windows. The Entry level field allows you to select the level to configure. You can only select one level at a time. The Font field lists all the fonts installed on the computer running PI ProcesBook. The Size field determines the size of the text. The first time ProcessBook is installed, the current Windows system font determines the default font settings to use. The Font style group determines whether text is shown in bold or italic. PreviewThis read-only field displays font settings for each level in a ProcessBook. Each of the 10 possible entry levels is listed and displayed with its current font name, and style settings.
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Preference Settings
Display Window
Choose Tools > Preferences > Display Window tab to set options that apply to display windows. These settings are stored in and retrieved from your procbook.ini (page 196) file.
Preserve Aspect Ratio on resizeDetermines whether display element sizes change in proportion to the window size when a window is resized. When the check box contains a check mark (is selected), the aspect ratio is preserved and the display element sizes change in proportion to the window size. Show Symbol ToolTipsDetermines whether ToolTips are displayed on display symbols. ToolTips appear for toolbar buttons regardless of this setting's value. By default, this option is turned on when PI ProcessBook is first installed on a computer. Show Value AttributesDetermines whether icons are displayed for Value Attribute flags on PI data. This option is turned on when PI ProcessBook is first installed on a computer. Run mode scrollingDetermines the scroll bar behavior of display windows in Run mode. Build mode scrollingDetermines the scroll bar behavior of display windows in Build mode.
On Off Automatic Display contains scroll bars all the time. Scroll bars never appear. Scroll bars appear when needed (this is the default setting for new displays).
Color PaletteThese fields present the 16 colors selected for use throughout the application as the basic colors for the color well control. Use the Modify button to launch the Color dialog, where you can select additional colors. Use the Reset button to return the Color Palette to system default values.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
Default Display Background ColorDetermines the default color used for new displays. The color well control is used to select a color. This color is also set when the Background color of the current display is changed. Symbol Defaultscontains fields to set the default formatting values for new symbols. These defaults are also changed when the Formatting controls are used and no symbols are selected.
Trend Preferences
Choose Tools > Preferences > Trend tab to set default settings for trend symbol display options.
DisplayCheck or uncheck these options to configure what information a trend displays by default. AutoScaleSelect this check box if you want trends to be scaled as tag values change over time. If you do not select this check box, then trends use the Database scale for each tag. Plot TitleSelect this check box if you want a title to display. Vert. Scale Ins. Axis(Vertical Scale Inside Axis)Select this check box to display the numeric scale inside the axis. If you do not select this check box the scale displays outside the axis. Note that the value scale is drawn horizontally when the trend orientation is vertical. GridsSelect to display grid lines.
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Preference Settings
Multiple ScalesAdd a value scale for each data point when selected. When the check box is cleared, only a single value scale appears. MarkersSelect the Markers check box if you want markers to indicate data points on the trend. If you do not select the Markers check box three markers display on each line. These markers help you match a line to a tag. LegendSelect or clear these options to configure what information appears in the trend legends. The information that can fit in the legend is determined by the size of the trend. Consequently, not all of the information in the legend may be visible: If the width of the legend is more than the width of the trend the legend does not appear. If the height of the text in the legend is longer than the total height of the trend, items are removed in this order: engineering units, tag name, then value. Options include: Tag Name Server Name Value Description Eng Units SampleUse this display area to view a preview of selected trend preferences.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
Plot ElementsUse the drop down list to select from pens, text, grids, and backgrounds, Multi-State on Ad HocSelect this check box to draw an ad hoc (instant) trend of a Multi-State symbol. When this option is cleared, data from a multi-state configruation is not included on instant trends. Traces per Ad Hoc TrendSelect the number of traces to have per plot on an ad hoc (instant) trend. The default is 3, the maximum is 8. Once this number is reached, additional plots are created to show the remaining tags selected for the instant trend. For each plot element, select a Marker Type, Line Style, Line Weight, and Color.
Note: You may select one of several line styles for each trace. You can also specify the line thickness. Select none to omit a grid line.
SampleSee your changes previewed in the Sample area at the bottom of the dialog.
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Add-Ins
Add-Ins
By default, PI ProcessBook installs with the following add-in components: Details (page 135)Enables a docking window that displays data from dynamic symbols in a tabular format. Module Context (page 72)Gives you access to the Module Database, allowing you to use aliases as a data source for dynamic symbols. ProcessBook SVG File ConverterEnables you to save displays as SVG files, which can then be used by RtWebParts. ToolTip Statistics (page 68)Allows you to see ToolTip statistics directly in dynamic symbols. Data Favorites (page 26)Provides a way to configure symbols in ProcessBook by dropping a PI tag name (or other data reference) from a list onto the symbol. Other add-ins are installed with PI ProcessBook, however, don't become available until you add additional applications: PI Notifications (page 26)Enables a docking window that contains the notification viewer control.
Add-In Manager
The Add-In Manager lists the Add-Ins (page 25) available in your PI ProcessBook installation. Use this dialog to control whether the add-ins are loaded whenever you use PI ProcessBook. 1. Choose Tools > Add-in Manager. The Add-In Manager dialog appears.
2. Click an available add-in from the Available Add-Ins list. 3. A description of what the add-in does appears in the Description box.
PI ProcessBook User Guide 25
PI ProcessBook Essentials
4. Under Load Behavior, select the appropriate check boxes: Loaded/UnloadedLoads or unloads the selected add-in. The add-in's current status appears in the Load Behavior column at the top. Load on StartupLoads selected add-in on startup of development environment. The add-in's current status appears in the Load Behavior column at the top. Command LineLoads the selected add-in when the development environment is started from the command prompt or from a script.
PI Notifications in ProcessBook
The PI Notifications add-in to PI ProcessBook is a docking window that contains the notification viewer control. ProcessBook automatically loads the PI Notifications add-in at startup. The notification viewer control itself first opens to show all the active notifications to which the current user is subscribed. A notification rule is shown as a parent node and its notifications are shown indented below it. The criteria for which notifications to show can be changed and the columns can be sorted by clicking on the heading. When you click on a notification, the time range context (start and end time) is automatically passed to the current active display. Additionally, a button above the notification viewer control allows you to open content in the AF database associated with the currently selected notification rule (which is the parent of the selected notification). If no content has been associated with the notification rule, then a new display is created and a trend of the inputs and outputs is created. In PI System explorer, you can select an existing ProcessBook display and attach it in an email. The PI Notifications Help file is included with your PI ProcessBook installation. You can find it in the PIPC\HELP directory on your hard drive, typically located here: C:\Program Files\PIPC\HELP\
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Add-Ins
There are a few panels within the Data Favorites window: SearchProvides controls for searching for PI Tags or other data references. FavoritesProvides controls for manipulating the list of favorite data references.
Note: The Favorites list is saved per user, so when a different user opens PI ProcessBook on the same machine, their list may be different.
Set Default Symbols The symbol button controls which symbol is created when data references are dropped on an empty area of the display. To set the default symbol, click the Default Symbol button and select an option from the drop-down list. The symbols are: BarWhen Bar symbols are created, the formatting selected the last time the Define Bar dialog was used is applied. TrendTrend symbols have defaults defined in the procbook.ini file. ValueWhen Value symbols are created, the formatting selected the last time the Define Value dialog was used is applied. XYPlotXYPlot symbols have defaults defined in the procbook.ini file. For XYPlot symbols, the first selected tag/data reference is used for the X tag. If the selected symbol type does not support the data type of the dropped PI Tag, a value symbol is drawn instead. Drag List Items onto a Trend When search results or favorites are dropped on an existing Trend or XYPlot symbol in Build mode, traces are added the same way they would be if they were added via script. The add-in also supports dropping traces onto trend type symbols that are part of a composite symbol. Drag List Items onto a Display When search results or favorites are dropped on a blank area of a display in Build mode, symbols of the selected type are added the same way they would be if they were added via script. If the dropped selection contains multiple data references (for example, multiple tags) and the Bar or Value symbol is selected, a symbol is created for each one, slightly offset from each other, in cascading windows. Process Drags Between PI ProcessBook and Outside Applications The Data Favorites add-in supports tag list drags in the following formats: One row of tags separated by either a semi-colon or tab delimiter Multiple rows (row delimited by a new line) of at least two columns which are delimited by either a tab or a semi-colon. Only one delimiter is used, and while there can be more than two columns in the dragged rows, only the first two columns are used. The first column must be the tag name, the second column may be an optional tag descriptor. Drags can come from any application that supports the text clipboard format.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
Import or Export Data Favorites You can import or export data favorites. To import favorites: Right-click in the Datasource list in the Search panel, and click Import Favorites. Then select an text file to import. To export favorites: Right-click in the Datasource list in the Search panel, and click Export Favorites. Then name the export file to save.
Keyboard Shortcuts
A keyboard shortcut is a combination of keystrokes to use for frequent actions. Several of these are already assigned in PI ProcessBook. They appear to the right of the corresponding menu command on the drop-down menus. PI ProcessBook lets you assign new combinations of keystrokes or change existing ones. For example you can: Assign a keyboard shortcut for inserting symbols without needing multiple mouse clicks. Assign more than one keyboard shortcut to a specific action. Change an existing shortcut, such as Ctrl+S, to another sequence you prefer.
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2. Under Select a macro, click the appropriate macro (menu item). The description for that item and its assigned shortcuts, if any, appears. 3. Click the Create Shortcut button.
The Assign Shortcut dialog appears. 4. In the Press new shortcut key box, type the key you wish to use for the shortcut.
Note: If you choose a combination already in use, the current assignment appears in the dialog. If you click OK, the previous assignment is voided.
5. Click OK. The new shortcut appears in the Assigned shortcuts box.
Note: If you want to reset all the keyboard shortcuts to their original positions when PI ProcessBook was installed, click the Reset All button, and then the OK button.
When you print from a ProcessBook, you can: In Outline view, print a list of the ProcessBook contents or selected displays. In Book view, print a list of the entire book or a selected tab section.
PI ProcessBook User Guide 29
PI ProcessBook Essentials
Print the entire contents of a display or selected items from that window. You can also set various printing options, such as the number of copies. Each topic in the help file may be printed separately or you can print them all at once. The Print command is accessible from the File menu, CTRL+P, or the print button. You can print the contents of the active window or if you select items within a display before you open the Print dialog, then you can choose to print only those items.
Note: On a non-color printer, symbols are printed in shades of gray, but trends revert to black and white. On some printers, when you print a trend with cursors, the value and time stamp boxes of the cursor does not hide the information beneath them. However, other trend cursors and the trend time scale may show through the trend cursor boxes, making the values hard to read.
Print Preview displays your selection as it will look when it is printed. Note that the Print Preview shows colors even though you may be using a black and white printer. Once you select the item you want to preview, choose File > Print Preview. Zoom in or out of the selection by clicking on the selection with the magnifier cursor or by clicking the Zoom buttons. To print the selection, click the Print button.
Printer Setup
Select Print Setup to choose a printer, page orientation, and paper size. In addition, you can fine-tune the quality of output or the performance of your printer. The settings you choose in Print Setup become the defaults for all your printing. 1. Choose File > Page Setup. The Print Setup dialog appears.
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About PI ProcessBook
3. Click the Properties button to select printer-specific options. Refer to your printer documentation for additional information about these options.
About PI ProcessBook
You can launch the About PI ProcessBook dialog by clicking Help > About PI ProcessBook.
The dialog provides version and build information, as well as a link to the OSIsoft tech support site. Click Copy Info to copy the contents of the grid control to your Windows clipboard where it can be pasted into a spreadsheet or text editor. Click System Info to launch the Microsoft System Information dialog.
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PI ProcessBook Essentials
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Chapter 3
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PI ProcessBook keeps track of the four most recently opened ProcessBooks or independent display files. Instead of using File > Open, you may select a file name from the bottom of the File menu.
You can place this button on a toolbar and use it to open another ProcessBook of your choice. 1. Choose View > Toolbars. 2. Select the Commands tab. 3. Under Categories, select Supplemental toolbar. 4. Drag the icon shown above to one of your toolbars. 5. Choose Tools > Preferences. The ProcessBook Preferences dialog opens. 6. Click the General (page 18) tab. 7. In the Library File box enter the location of a ProcessBook and click OK. This links the button to that ProcessBook.
Note: By default, this button links to Symlibry.piw, which opens the original Symbol Library (page 131) book.
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, or
Text (page 36)provides headings or static information Display (page 36)opens a display Linked displays (page 37)links to an independent display file Linked ProcessBook (page 38)links to another entry in any ProcessBook Operating system command (page 39)opens another application.
When you add entries to a ProcessBook in either Outline or Book View, the entries are arranged hierarchically. Subentries are indented under main entries. The name you give each new entry is the name that shows in the ProcessBook. When you create a new entry, it is placed in the ProcessBook just before the selected entry. If no entries are selected, the new entry appears at the end of the current tab section in Book View or at the end of the Outline View. You can press the ESC key to clear all entries.
6. For the Type, select Text or Display. 7. In the Level list, click the level at which you want to position the entry in the ProcessBook hierarchy of entries, or Type a number between 1 and 10.
Note: If you are creating the first entry in the ProcessBook, the level is automatically set to 1 and cannot be changed.
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8. Click OK. The entry is added to the ProcessBook. If the entry is at Level 1 and you are in Book view, a tab is created using the name of the entry. 9. Click the Save button on the toolbar, or Choose File > Save. If you are creating several entries in one session you may wait to save until the last one is created.
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7. Click the Browse button, or Click the Browse arrow to see more search options. The Open dialog appears. 8. To link to an independent display file, locate and select the display file (.pdi) to which you want to link and then click the Open button. The display name appears in the Action box. 9. To link to another ProcessBook, locate and select the processbook file (.piw) to which you want to link and click the Open button. The display name appears in the Action box. 10. To link to a display in a ProcessBook, select the Display Search option from the Browse drop-down and enter criteria to locate the display you want within the open files. If the display you want is not in a file that is open, select a different option in the Look in field. When the display is listed in the Display Search dialog, select it and click OK. The name appears in the Action box. 11. In the Level list, click the level at which you want to position the entry in the ProcessBook hierarchy of entries, or Type a number between 1 and 10.
Note: If you are creating the first entry in the ProcessBook, the level is automatically set to 1 and cannot be changed.
12. Clear the Options check box if you want the absolute path used first.
Note: By default, ProcessBook attempts to open a linked display from its relative path first. If the relative path fails, then the absolute path is checked. Clearing the Use relative path check box reverses the order in which the paths are resolved. For new displays, this option is checked by default.
13. Click OK. A linked display entry icon is added to the outline and book view of the ProcessBook you are developing. 14. Click the Save button. If you are creating several entries, you may wait to save until the last one is entered.
Note: If you need to move the original entry to another directory or ProcessBook, you must redefine the link between the ProcessBooks. If you move both the original and the linked item and the relationship between the two file paths is unchanged, you do not need to relink.
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Move Linked Entries If you move a linked pair of displays or ProcessBooks to another location and if this move changes the relationship of the two file paths, you need to relink the items.
6. For the Type, select Link/OS Command. 7. Click the Browse button to the right of the Action box, or Click the Browse arrow and then click Applications. The Open dialog appears. 8. Browse and locate the file to which want to link, and then click the Open button. The application's path/name is displayed in the Action box.
Note: If you know the name of the .exe file for the application, such as C:\excel\Excel.exe for Excel or the path and name of a data file, such as C:\document\report.xls, then you can type the path directly in the Action box.
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9. If you need to specify the location of the executable for the application, click the Browse button to the right of the Working folder box. The Browse for Folder dialog appears. 10. Locate and select the folder that you want to specify for this operating system command, and click OK.
Note: If you know the name of the working folder for this application, then you can type it directly in the Working folder box.
11. In the Level list, click the level at which you want to position the entry in the ProcessBook hierarchy of entries, or Type a number between 1 and 10.
Note: If you are creating the first entry in the ProcessBook, the level is automatically set to 1 and cannot be changed.
12. By default, ProcessBook attempts to launch an OS command from its relative path first. If the relative path fails, then the absolute path is attempted. To reverse the order, clear the Use relative path before absolute path check box. For new displays, this option is checked by default. 13. If the file specified in the Action box is associated with one application and you want to open it with another, select the Ignore the default shell command for recognized file types check box. This option is normally only used with files such as displays saved as SVG so that they can be opened in PI ProcessBook instead of the associated Viewer application.
Note: If the file type is supported by ProcessBook (either natively or through an addin), then it is opened directly when this option is selecte for a Link or OS command entry. For example, an .svg file is opened using the .svg File Converter in ProcessBook, even if you have Adobe SVG Viewer installed. Clearing this check box disables this behavior, so the default shell command is used to open the file instead.
14. Click OK. An icon for the program you are launching is added to the outline and book view of the ProcessBook and the application opens. Close the application. 15. Click the Save button. If you are creating several entries, you may wait to save until the last one is entered.
Note: If you need to move the original entry to another directory or ProcessBook, you must redefine the link between the ProcessBooks. If you move both the original and the linked item and the relationship between the two file paths is unchanged, you do not need to relink.
Working Directory for Operating System Commands The Define ProcessBook Entry dialog has a text box where you can enter the working directory. The command line recognizes file extension associations.
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For example, in the past you needed to enter a command like: C:\EXCEL\EXCEL.EXE C:\MYWORK\MINE.XLS Now you can use a command like: C:\MYWORK\MINE.XLS In other words, if the string works for the Run command under the File menu of the Program Manager, it will work in PI ProcessBook. Some applications that you can access with an operating system command, such as MS Excel, allow only one copy of the application to open, even if you press the command several times.
Book View
In Book View , the ProcessBook displays as a loose-leaf binder.
Tabs indicate major divisions in the ProcessBook. Each tab section has a heading, which may be any ProcessBook entry. The entry title is used as the tab name. A tab section may contain several pages of entries representing different types of information. When you create a first-level entry in Book View, the name becomes the label for the section tab. If the entry is the first entry you have added to the ProcessBook, the entry level is automatically set at 1. Subsequent sub-entries are listed below the main entry. When you select another first level entry, a new page is created with a new tab. Displays within a tab section are typically arranged in a hierarchical fashion. For example, a display that includes a boiler, a condenser, and a pump may be at the top level of a tab
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section. The boiler, the condenser, and the pump may be separate displays that are arranged underneath the summary display. Each of these displays can have several displays for their components.
Book View
Turn Pages in Book View 1. Choose View > Book to view a ProcessBook in Book View (page 41). Notice the top right corner of the page is divided into two small triangles 2. Click the upper triangle to move forward one page, or Click the lower triangle to move backward a page. A dark gray triangle indicates there are no more pages in that direction. 3. Click the tabs along the right-hand side to move quickly between sections of a ProcessBook. .
Resize a ProcessBook 1. Click and drag on the frame of a ProcessBook until the window is the size you want. As you make a window smaller, the ProcessBook is resized so you can still see all of the tabs. If the window becomes too small to display all the members of a group of displays, the displays are moved to new pages. 2. If the ProcessBook window becomes too small, all the tabs behind the first tab are collapsed into one tab labeled More. Click the More tab to display a pop-up list of the other tab sections.
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Entries in Book View When you create a first level entry in Book View, the name becomes the label for the section tab. If the entry is the first entry you have added to the ProcessBook, the entry level is automatically set at 1. Subsequent sub-entries are listed below the main entry. When you select another first level entry, a new page is created with a new tab. Change the Name of an Entry in Book View 1. Choose View > Book to view a ProcessBook in Book View (page 41). 2. In Build mode, double-click the entry you want to change. The Define ProcessBook Entry dialog appears. 3. In the Label text box, type a new name. 4. Click OK. Change the Level of an Entry in Book View 1. Choose View > Book to view a ProcessBook in Book View (page 41). 2. In Build mode, double-click the entry you want to change. The Define ProcessBook Entry dialog appears. 3. In the Level list, click the level at which you want to reposition the entry in the ProcessBook hierarchy of entries, or Type a number between 1 and 10. 4. Click OK.
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Outline View
In Outline view , ProcessBook displays are arranged hierarchically on a page.
Choose View > Outline to display a ProcessBook as an outline. When you are in Outline View, a set of buttons is added to the active ProcessBook window to collapse or expand the outline. You may need to resize the window so all the buttons are visible. Use the horizontal and vertical scroll bars to see all entries in the outline. Hierarchies of entries may be revised by dragging entries from one location to another, or by promoting and demoting entries.
Outline View
Collapse or Expand Outline View You can collapse or expand sections of the outline to view the list of displays in a meaningful manner. 1. Choose View > Outline to view a ProcessBook in Outline View (page 44). 2. Click the black plus sign to the left of an entry to expand it. This shows additional displays that are subordinate to the selected display. Collapsed View:
-orClick the transparent plus sign to collapse the list of subordinate displays.
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Expanded View:
Note: You can change the font for each level in Outline View in the ProcessBook Preferences (page 18) dialog.
Rearrange Entries in Outline View In Build mode, click and drag the entry name up or down (not sideways) to a new location. A dotted line indicates the location of the entry you are moving. Alternatively, you can use the four buttons at the top left of the window as follows: Promote highlighted entry Demote highlighted entry Move highlighted entry up Move highlighted entry down
Change the Name of an Entry in Outline View 1. Choose View > Outline. 2. In Build mode, click the entry you want to change. 3. Choose Edit > Selected Item. The Define ProcessBook Entry dialog appears. 4. In the Label box, type a new name. 5. Click OK.
Change the Level of an Entry in Outline View 1. Choose View > Outline. 2. In Build mode, click the entry you want to change. 3. Choose Edit > Selected Item. The Define ProcessBook Entry dialog appears. 4. In the Level list, click the level at which you want to reposition the entry in the ProcessBook hierarchy of entries. -orType a number between 1 and 10. 5. Click OK.
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Remove an Entry
1. In Build mode, select an entry title in either Book View or Outline View. 2. Press the DELETE key. The entry is removed from the ProcessBook.
Note: If you accidentally delete the wrong entry choose Edit > Undo.
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Properties
Properties
Summary Information in ProcessBook
Choose File > Properties to display the Summary Information dialog for a file. The Summary Information dialog you see is the same for the ProcessBook as a whole or for the individual displays.
The following table describes the fields in the Summary Information dialog:
Field Name Author Description Extracted from the Author field on the Start tab in the ProcessBook Preferences dialog at the time the ProcessBook is first saved.
Note: You can change the Author field in either the Summary Information dialog or the ProcessBook Preferences dialog.
Title Subject Keywords Comments Properties button Name of the ProcessBook (extracted from the original creation of the ProcessBook). May be used to explain the title more fully. May be added at any time. There will soon be search capabilities associated with keywords. May be used for any text entry. You can revise this field at any time. Clicking the Properties button displays the PI ProcessBook Properties (page 48) dialog, which gives information about the view currently in the active window.
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Note: If you click the Properties button while an display is open, you launch the Display Properties dialog.
The following table describes the fields in the PI ProcessBook Properties dialog:
Field Name Title Created Description Extracted from the Summary Information dialog. Original date and time the ProcessBook was saved.
Note: If the ProcessBook file is moved to another machine, the original date and time will be preserved, however Windows Explorer will show the date and time the file arrived on the present machine.
Created By Extracted from the Author field on the Start tab in the ProcessBook Preferences dialog box. Shows the original author, unless the authors name has been modified in the Summary Information dialog. Most recent revision date and time. Name of the person who saved the ProcessBook most recently. (Extracted from the Author field on the Start tab in the ProcessBook Preferences dialog.) If this field is blank, the PC login name of the author is used. This is useful for tracking who made which revisions. Number of times the ProcessBook has been revised and saved. Total number of entries in the ProcessBook. Total number of operating system command entries in the ProcessBook.
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Properties
Modify a ProcessBook Title You can change the name of a ProcessBook at any time. 1. In either Build Mode or Run Mode, choose File > Properties. 2. The Summary Information (page 47) dialog appears. 3. In the Title box, type a new title.
Note: The ProcessBook title is different from the file name established in the New dialog when you created the new ProcessBook. The title bar on the ProcessBook window displays the file name, which ends in .piw, rather than the title.
4. Click OK.
The following table describes the fields in the Display Properties dialog:
Field Name Title Created Description Extracted from the Summary Information dialog. Original date and time the ProcessBook was saved.
Note: If the ProcessBook file is moved to another machine, the original date and time will be preserved, however Windows Explorer will show the date and time the file arrived on the present machine.
PI ProcessBook User Guide 49
Description Extracted from the Author field on the Start tab in the ProcessBook Preferences dialog box. Shows the original author, unless the authors name has been modified in the Summary Information dialog. Most recent revision date and time. Name of the person who saved the ProcessBook most recently. (Extracted from the Author field on the Start tab in the ProcessBook Preferences dialog.) If this field is blank, the PC login name of the author is used. This is useful for tracking who made which revisions. Number of times the ProcessBook has been revised and saved. Total number of symbols in the display. Total number of unique PI Points used in the display. The number of display symbols that are dynamic symbols. The number of display symbols that are static symbols. The number of different PI Servers referenced in the display.
Revision Total Symbols Tags Dynamic Symbols Static Symbols Servers Required
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When a trend is successfully imported, a new Text display showing the full file name is added to the ProcessBook. Each trend is added as a subordinate display and retains its original trend name. For graphics, the VAX display name becomes the Display name. Once converted, graphics and trends can be edited like any other display.
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Chapter 4
Static Symbols
Static symbols are symbols that do not automatically change as time passes, such as a process diagram or descriptive text. Static symbols include all items in a display that do not connect to the PI Server or other application to retrieve data, and do not start any application. Text labels and flow lines are examples of static symbols. Other types include rectangles, circles, arcs, and images.
Dynamic Symbols
Dynamic symbols are values, bars, trends, XYPlots, and Multi-State Symbols (such as a pump) that change over time, that are based on the value of a tag in the PI Archive. If you wish to see how a dynamic symbol was defined, select it and click the Item Definition button on the Drawing toolbar. Dynamic symbols may also report data from outside databases through queries. If you rest your mouse on a value, bar, or Multi-State Symbol, you can see a ToolTip with the current value, tag name, and time stamp. Icons for questionable, substituted, and annotated PI data can also appear on your displays. Most point types can be used with any dynamic symbol. There are some restrictions on string and timestamp data. PI ProcessBook handles a full range of PI Server data types, as shown in this table:
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How It Is Used Used for points whose value can only be one of several discrete states, such as ON/OFF or Red/Green/Yellow. Nearest equivalent to the PI 2.x Digital type. PI ProcessBook supports these as integers. Used for points whose values are 15-bit unsigned integers (0 to 32767). Nearest equivalent to the PI 2.x Integer type. Negative integer values are supported. Used for points whose values are 32-bit signed integers (- 2147450880 to 2147483647). PI reserves some values. Used for floating point values, scaled. The accuracy is one part in 32767. Nearest equivalent to the PI 2.x Real type. Used for single-precision floating- point values, not scaled. Used for double-precision floating- point values, not scaled. Each string event represents an ad- hoc state in a series. Used to store string data of up to 976 characters.
Int16
Int32
Float16
As Floats are currently supported As Floats are currently supported As Floats are currently supported Each string event represents an ad-hoc state in a series; not supported on logarithmic traces, multi-states, or bar symbols. Not supported Plotted as seconds over a given range. Not supported for logarithmic traces, multi-states, or bar symbols.
Blob Timestamp
Binary large object Used to store any type of binary data up to 976 bytes. Plotted as seconds over a given range. Not supported for logarithmic traces. Used to store values of type Timestamp. Any Time/Date in the Range 1-jan-1970 to 1-Jan-2038
Buttons
Buttons are elements that create a link to other applications, such as a calculator or word processor, or other ProcessBooks or displays. You can also use buttons to execute a script. For example, if you find you work in a particular display and frequently need to update a report with the information you are monitoring, you can add a button that automatically opens a spreadsheet program. You also can use a button to connect to frequently used displays, other ProcessBooks, or Web sites.
OLE Objects
OLE objects include information from outside applications, such as text, spreadsheets, or graphics. This information may be configured to update dynamically. OLE objects may be either linked (page 176) or embedded (page 175) into displays.
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Displays re-open in the same position, size, and shape as when they were last saved. Open Several Displays at One Time In addition to the procedures for opening a display, you can also open multiple displays simultaneously. Press SHIFT while highlighting the displays you want to open in Outline view. Click the New button at the bottom of the list of displays. Each display or linked display is opened in your workspace. Manage Multiple Open Displays Just as you can work with multiple ProcessBooks, you can have multiple displays open in the work area. To make a display active, click in the display window or press CTRL+F6 to toggle between open displays. To improve viewing when there are multiple open displays, choose:
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Window > CascadeThe titles of all open displays and ProcessBooks appear in a cascaded list down the screen. Window > TileAll open displays and ProcessBooks appear in a tiled view. Window > <display title>The selected display is active. Open Independent Display Files Independent Display Files use a .pdi extension in the file name. When you double-click on a display file in Windows Explorer, a copy of the PI ProcessBook application installed on your PC opens, just as it would if you double-clicked on a .piw file. The independent display appears inside the application.
To resize the window to fill the monitor, click the Maximize button in the upper right hand corner of your display window. When you maximize a display, all open windows are maximized. You can also drag the edge or corner of the window to the desired size. To minimize the display again, click the Minimize button in the upper right hand corner of your display window.
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Note: If you have your Preference setting for Preserve Aspect Ratio check box selected, the contents of the display resize as you resize the window. If this option is not enabled, the size of each element in the display does not change as you change the window size.
2. Click the Full Screen button again to restore your toolbars. A default keyboard shortcut of F11 also toggles between Full Screen and Normal presentations.
Note: You can customize the Full Screen toolbar to contain other buttons to use with a Full Screen display.
3. In the Name box, type one or more of the letters of the display name. 4. In the Look in drop-down list, click the location you want to search. -orIn the drop-down list, click Browse, and then locate the appropriate folder. 5. Select the Look in subfolders check box (optional). 6. Click the Search button. 7. The search results are displayed under Results. 8. Under Filename, click the display you want to open and then click OK.
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Save a Display
A display may be saved within a ProcessBook or as an independent file (.pdi). 1. Choose File > Save or Save As. 2. From the Save as type drop-down box, select one of the following six formats. The default is .pdi: .pdiDisplay file. If you select this format your display becomes an independent file that updates under certain circumstances and that can be browsed via Internet Explorer. .svgSVG file for Web use. If you select this format it becomes the default file type when saving files later. PI ProcessBook 3.0 or higher only supports version 3.0 or higher of the SVG add-in. See the SVG add-in release notes for more information.
The last four file types are graphics formats and do not update. If you choose one of the graphic formats, the display in focus is unchanged by the Save-As operation. The display is left open and remains in the same mode (Run or Build). .jpgJPG-JPEG-JFIF compliant .bmp32-bit Bitmap .wmfWindows Metafile .pngCompuServe Portable Network Graphics
Display Settings
Choose Edit > Display, or
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Double-click the Time Zone setting in the Status bar. The Display Settings dialog appears.
Background ColorThe color applied to the area of the display where there are no symbols. This field uses a color well control to provide color choices. The color selected in this field also becomes the default background color for new displays. Time ZoneThis field determines whether the local computer or PI Server time zone is used for interpreting dates and times. ConnectorsThe Enable Connector Attachments check box allows a symbol dragged and dropped on a Connector symbol to be attached to that Connector. Clearing the check box disables this functionality for the Display. Note that even if this feature is disabled for the Display, the you can still use the Connectors dialog to attach Symbols to Connectors. OKClicking this button accepts the changes made and closes the dialog box. These settings are saved as part of the Display object.
Run mode scrollingDetermines the scroll bar behavior of display windows in Run mode.
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Build mode scrollingDetermines the scroll bar behavior of display windows in Build mode.
On Off Automatic Display contains scroll bars all the time. Scroll bars never appear. Scroll bars appear when needed (this is the default setting for new displays).
Drawing Area
The drawing area of a display is actually much larger than your monitor. There are scroll bars on the display window for moving around this area. You should plan to set a few options before you begin drawing: Consider turning on grid snap and setting the grid size, font style, and default colors of lines, backgrounds, and fills before you begin. It is usually easier to work with a grid when laying out a display. Symbols in your drawing automatically align themselves with the grid lines or the intersections of grid lines. Grid lines not only make it easier to place objects in the drawing, but it helps keep the objects proportional. You can start with one grid size and then modify it as your work gets more detailed. Select a font and font size for any values, trends, or text boxes you might add to the drawing. Select colors for lines, fills, and backgrounds that are easy on the eyes. While you are drawing, you can use the zoom feature to zoom in on an area that requires more attention. Zoom out if the drawing is larger than your monitor.
Tags
A tag, which may also be called a point, is any measurement or calculation that is received or generated periodically. It can consist of transmitter readings, manual inputs, status, or control limits. There are three types of tag searches you can perform: Basic, Advanced, and Alias. Searches can be defined and then saved for future use. Click the Tag Search button to open the Tag Search dialog (page 61).
For more information on tags click the Help button from any Tag Search dialog in PI ProcessBook, or open the PISDKToolsUsr.chm Help file, typically located here:
C:\Program Files\PIPC\HELP
Either action launches the PI SDK Controls and Dialogs user help.
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, or
Click the Pt. Attr. (Point Attributes) button if you are in the Tag Search dialog.
These categories include all the attributes from the Base PointClass. The Base PointClass attributes are common to all PI Points. If the PI Point that is being displayed is not from the Base PointClass, there is one additional category. This category is given the name of the PointClass to which the displayed PI Point belongs. The PointClass-specific attributes are displayed in this category. The Alphabetic tab displays the attributes alphabetically.
Drawing Tools
PI ProcessBook includes a drawing environment with features that allow you to create symbols and graphics within an entry. You can use the drawing tools to: Create ellipses, polygons, rectangles, arcs, lines, and polylines Add dynamic elements such as values, bars, trends, buttons, and graphic files Add ActiveX controls The Drawing toolbar contains a set of buttons used for creating drawings and the Draw menu contains the corresponding commands. To use the drawing tools, click the appropriate button. When you draw a line or other shape, the tool uses the current formatting attribute (page 63) preferences. Each of these objects is considered a symbol by PI ProcessBook. In Build mode, when you select a symbol by clicking it with your mouse, you see small squares around the bounding rectangle of the symbol. These are called selection handles and allow you to resize the symbol. For arcs, polygons, and polylines, there are also reshaping handles at the intersection of the line segments. Each symbol has a name, reflecting the order in which it was added to the display, such as Rectangle1, Rectangle2, etc. In Build mode (or VBA Design mode), an identifying ToolTip (page 68) appears whenever your mouse hovers over a symbol.
Note: If you are drawing multiple objects, press the CTRL key while selecting the drawing tool. This lets you continue to work with that tool until you select a different tool.
Organizing Symbols
PI ProcessBook provides several tools to help you organize your drawings. These tools include a drawing grid, flip and rotate capabilities, and the ability to change the order in which objects overlap each other. You can move and resize drawing objects. You can also divide a display into layers so that you can segregate various elements. For example, you might separate HVAC elements from Electrical elements in a display.
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Formatting
Any of these functions can be performed on a single screen element or group of them. For information on grouping objects, see Grouping Symbols (page 141). Make sure you have selected the item or items with the Build Mode pointer. OLE objects behave somewhat differently; their behavior is discussed under Commands that Ignore OLE Objects (page 178).
Drawing Grid
The grid is a system of vertical and horizontal lines spaced at regular intervals on the drawing area. Dots are placed at the intersection of the grid lines. The grid helps you align drawing objects. When you move an object to a location on the drawing area, the corners or edges of the object are aligned with the closest grid intersection. This is called snap-to-grid or grid snap. When you turn off grid snap, you can move an object to any location within the drawing area. You determine the interval at which you want the grid lines to be spaced by setting the grid size.
Set Grid Size and Grid Snap 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Arrange menu, click Grid Size. 3. The Grid Size dialog appears. 4. In the Lines per Screen Unit box, type or select the number of grid lines per unit of drawing space.
Note: The size of a unit as displayed on your monitor varies according to the monitor's resolution and driver software.
5. Select the Snap to Grid check box. Once grid snap is on, any symbols you draw are automatically aligned to the grid.
Note: The Snap to Grid command also appears on the Arrange menu.
6. Click OK.
Formatting
Each symbol you draw and place on a display has attributes that determine how the symbol looks. The fill and line attributes that are currently selected on the Display Window (page 21) tab of the ProcessBook Preference dialog are applied to any new drawing symbol. You may configure these attributes for individual symbols or for all selected symbols as a group.
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New in version 3.1, the Symbol Formatting toolbar contains buttons for formatting fonts, colors, and line styles. PI ProcessBook also includes the older Formatting toolbar to support backwards compatibility
Font
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose font you want to change. 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click a name in the Font box.
Note: When choosing fonts, plan to use fonts that other PI ProcessBook users are likely to have. If another user does not have the fonts you used, PI ProcessBook attempts to match the font to an existing font. However, the match may make it difficult for another user to read the entry.
Formatting
Line Color
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose line color you want to change. 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click the Line Color button .
Depending on the symbol type, the following elements change to the color displayed on the button. Symbols that display text use the line color to determine the color of the text within the symbol Symbols that have lines (such as ellipses) use the line color to change lines in the symbol
3. Click the arrow on the right side of the Line Color button to display the color palette. Choose from the 16 colors available or click on one of these two buttons: Custom ColorLaunches the Color dialog where you can choose additional colors from a color well of options NoneDisables line color. Setting the line color to None for Pen elements on a trend hides the trace and its associated markers
Fill Color
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose fill color you want to change. 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click the Fill Color button of the selected symbol(s) changes. . The interior color
Note: The Fill Color button is disabled if the selected symbol has no interior.
3. Click the arrow on the right side of the Fill Color button to display the color palette. Choose from the 16 colors available or click on one of these two buttons: Custom ColorLaunches the Color dialog where you can choose additional colors from a color well of options NoneDisables fill color. Setting the fill color to None shows the display background color.
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Background Color
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose background color you want to change. 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click the Background Color button background of the selected symbol changes.
Note: The Background Color button is disabled if the selected symbol has no background.
. The
3. Click the arrow on the right side of the Background Color button to display the color palette. Choose from the 16 colors available or click on one of these two buttons: Custom ColorLaunches the Color dialog where you can choose additional colors from a color well of options NoneDisables background color. Setting the background color to None shows the display background color.
Line Weight
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose line weight you want to change. 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click the Line Weight button weight options appears below the button. . A list of six line
3. Select a line weight. The thickness of the selected symbol's line weight changes.
Line Style
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose line style you want to change. . A list of six line 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click the Line Style button style options appears below the button. Options include solid, dash, dot, dash-dot, dashdot-dot, and none. Selecting None for a trend Pen element hides the trace line, but not the marker. 3. Select a line option. The symbol's line pattern changes.
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Formatting
Line Ends
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose line ends you want to change. 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click the Line Ends button . A list of four line ends options appears below the button. These options determine whether arrows appear at the end of lines. 3. Select a line ends option. The selected symbol's line pattern changes.
Formatting Paintbrush
To determine what type of formatting is applicable for each symbol, refer to the table of editable formatting attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display, and click the symbol(s) whose font, color, or line formatting you want to replicate. 2. On the Symbol Formatting toolbar, click the Formatting Paintbrush button
Note: Double clicking the Formatting Paintbrush button allows you to apply formatting to more than one symbol. To turn off the Formatting Paintbrush selection, click the button again or press ESC.
3. Click another symbol. The formatting of the first symbol is copied to the selected symbol(s).
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ToolTip Statistics
In Run mode, hover your mouse over a point on a dynamic symbol to display a ToolTip with summary statistics. Engineering units are shown next to the value followed by the timestamp paired with the value. If you hover your mouse over a point where there is more than one trace, each trace's data is shown on a separate line. Choose Tools > ToolTip Statistics to launch the ToolTip Statistics dialog, where you can select what type of data you want to see when viewing ToolTips.
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Create Layers
1. Open a display. 2. Click the Layers toolbar button , or
Double-click the Layers icon in the Status Bar, or Choose View > Layers. The Layers dialog appears.
3. Click the New Layer button to open the New Layer dialog. A default name comprised of the word Layer prefixed to the layer number appears. The layer number does not necessarily match the index number; it is simply the next unused integer in the list.
A new layer is added to the end of the collection. Its index is one higher than the previous high index number. All symbols added to this layer are displayed over symbols on lower indexed layers. 4. Click OK to return to the Layers dialog.
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Indexspecifies the index number of the layer. The index is used in determining the display order (Z Order) of overlapping symbols. A layer with a lower index number is lower in the stack than one with a higher number. Higher layers may obscure symbols in lower levels. Countthis is a read-only value that contains the number of symbols on a layer. A composite symbol is counted once and each of its subordinate individual symbols is also counted. Up/down arrowsbuttons at the right side of the dialog box are used to move the relative position of one layer to another within a display. As a layer is moved down the list, its index number becomes larger, and vice versa. Symbols on layers with higher index numbers may hide or cover symbols with lower-index numbers. Locked layers cannot be reordered.
5. Select the appropriate check boxes: Visiblemakes the elements in the layer visible in Run mode. New layers are visible by default. Activeaccepts all new symbols as you add them to the display. Inactive prevents symbols from being added automatically. New layers are Active by default. Lockedprevents you from adding symbols to a layer. Existing symbols on locked layers cannot be cut, copied, pasted, deleted, or moved. New layers are not locked by default.
6. Repeat steps 3-5 as needed. Click OK to accept changes and close the Layers dialog.
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2. Select or clear the checkbox next to a layer name to add or remove the selected symbol from a layer. If a layer name is grayed out, the layer is locked and you cannot add or remove symbols. You may add the same symbol to more than one layer. 3. Click OK.
Assign a composite symbol to any layer(s) regardless of its component symbols. You can not group symbols on locked layers into a composite symbol, but the layers may be locked after the symbols are grouped. You can not delete a composite symbol that contains symbols on locked layers, however, you can delete an unlocked layer. Normally, a symbol existing only on one layer is deleted if the layer is deleted, but when the symbol is inside a composite symbol it is not deleted. It stays in the composite symbol. If a composite symbol is hidden, all its parts are hidden. If the composite symbol is visible its individual parts may still be hidden if the layers they are assigned to are hidden. Since you can not individually select the parts of a composite symbol you must first use the Ungroup button individually. to separate them in order to change their layer assignments
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Module-relative Displays
Module Context Add-in
The Module Context Display PI ProcessBook add-in is designed to give you a way to create dynamic symbols in a display for a general structure, and then to apply data to the display symbols using different instances of the structure. For example, you can use the same dynamic symbol, such as a trend, and scroll through the Available Modules window to display that trend with different data points representing the selected item in the Available Modules window. The add-in gives PI ProcessBook access to the PI SDK Module Database, taking advantage of its contents as well as its structure. The Module Context Add-in: Allows you to use aliases as a data source for dynamic symbols so that a tag can be changed without redefining a symbol that uses it indirectly through its alias. Allows you to use properties in dynamic symbols to show user-defined supplementary information. Allows you at run-time to switch among different PI SDK Module Database Nodes using the existing display symbols. The PI SDK Module Database organization is similar to a file directory structure. Each node (which is like a directory) is called a Module, and can contain: Properties, which are variables containing any kind of data (including arrays, and collections of more properties) Aliases (like variables for a tag name) Modules (sub-modules, like sub-directories in a file directory) Properties and aliases in the Module Database are time-dependent. See the PI SDK Online Help for more information on the Module Database. Features The Module Context Add-in supports the following features: Use of Module Database Aliases in dynamic symbols. Use of Module Database String and Numeric PI Properties in dynamic symbols. A user option at design time (Select Available Modules dialog) to choose Contexts to make available at run time. Contexts are saved with the display or independent display, not with a ProcessBook or the application. A Configuration Dialog (Select Items dialog) for assigning these Aliases and Properties to dynamic symbols in ProcessBook. Use of Current Context String in dynamic symbols. This provides a mechanism to show the currently selected context in a display. A way to change the context at run-time (Available Modules Window). Programmatic access to the Available Context values.
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Module-relative Displays
Module Context Selection Before a Module Context is associated with a symbol, you must choose which Module Database Modules will be available to select as a Context during run time. The chosen modules should have a common structure and items so that the display can obtain symbol data for any run-time Context you select. For example, if you have three pumps described as Modules in the Module Database with similar Aliases and Properties, they would be good candidates for context. Choose Tools > Module Context > Add Module to see the Select Available Modules dialog, which is used to establish the available contexts for the active display.
This dialog contains two parts: The PI Module Database TreeUse the arrow keys to select nodes to use as contexts. All known PI 3 Servers are available; modules can be selected from multiple Module databases. The Selected Modules listshows all the selected contexts. During run-time you can select any of these to use as a context.
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At least one module must be selected using the Select Available Modules dialog before a dynamic symbol can be configured to use a module alias or property. More modules may be added later. Unresolved contexts display as NO DATA. An unresolved context occurs when a dynamic symbol is configured to show a property and the active context doesn't have the property. For example, suppose you select Module1 and Module2 as the available contexts. Module1 contains PropertyA and Module2 contains PropertyB. A dynamic symbol is configured to display PropertyB. If Module1 is the current context, NO DATA appears in the dynamic symbol.
Add Properties and Aliases After you have selected the modules to be available to a display you are ready to build a dynamic symbol with specific module-related properties and aliases. The Select Items dialog allows you to assign aliases and numeric and string properties to the dynamic symbol (other properties are either not shown at all, or marked as unsupported types with a different icon). These aliases and properties are attached to the specific module shown highlighted in the Available Modules Window. 1. In the Tag Search (page 60) dialog, click the down arrow next to the Tag Search button and select ModuleContext. The Select Items dialog appears.
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Module-relative Displays
Items from Current ModuleOnly aliases and properties contained in the currently selected module can be selected to appear in the dynamic symbol. You cannot add modules in this dialog. Selected Items listA path is shown in this list when a module has been opened in the Items from Selected Contexts tree and a property or alias from the expanded module has been selected.
2. Highlight each desired alias and property in the Items from Current Module tree and click the arrow button or drag the item to the Selected Items list. You can repeat the process for other modules if there are different aliases or properties to be included. A NO DATA message appears if assigned aliases or properties are not present in a particular module.
Note: Click the Add Modules button to open the Select Available Modules (page 73) dialog.
3. To display the current module context in the dynamic symbol, click the Current Context check box above the Selected Items list. 4. Click OK.
Change the Run-time Module (context) After you have identified modules, properties, and aliases for a display, you can switch from one module to another by highlighting its name in the Available Modules window. In Run mode, from the Available Modules Window, click a different module to highlight it. The associated symbols in the display show the data from the property or alias based on the newly selected module.
Available Modules Window The Available Modules window appears when your display includes a dynamic symbol (trend, value, etc.) associated with the PI Module Database. It allows you to shift from one module or context to another as the source of the dynamic data in your display. The current module being used is highlighted in the Available Modules window. Click another module to change the context. Your display reflects different data in the dynamic symbols configured to use module context. If a dynamic symbols configuration contains an alias or property not supported by the selected context, NO DATA is displayed for that symbol. The label at the bottom of the Available Modules list provides the path in the module database for the currently selected module.
Note: When you shift focus from a display to a table of contents window, there are no available modules listed. If you select a different display window, the list of available modules is likely to be different.
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Chapter 5
Trends
A trend is a type of dynamic element that lets you plot values against time. Use trends to show the value of one or more tags over a time period. You may also use trends to show the results of a data set query or to combine data from the PI Server and other sources. Generally, trends are used to graphically display time series data, although you may also include nontime series data. Some components of trends include: TracesLines drawn on a trend to represent a series of data points, either from a PI Tag or a data set column. PensFormatting components used to determine the presentation of trends. PlotThe title of the trend being configured. The plot title can be blank, but a title is supplied by default. Grid linesUsed to mark intervals along the time and value scales. If the Plot Time continues through the current time, the trend updates as information changes, unless the length of the overall time period exceeds the limit set by your System Administrator. The default limit is 24 hours.
Create a Trend
1. Open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Trend button. Choose Draw > Trend. The mouse pointer changes to the Trend pointer. 3. Click in the display where you want to add the trend and drag the pointer to form a rectangle into which the trend will be placed. When you release the mouse button, the Define Trend (page 80) dialog appears. , or
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Trends
4. In the Plot box, type a name. Click the New Plot button if you want to build a trend with multiple plots (page 80). 5. In the Tags in Plot box, type the name of the tag, or Click the Tag Search button to locate the tag, or Click the Tag Search arrow to see more search options. 6. If you manually enter tag names, select the appropriate PI server from the Server dropdown list. Normally, the default PI Server is listed. 7. You can rearrange, add to, or delete the selected tags by clicking one of the buttons above the Tags in Plot box. 8. Under Scale, select Single Scale or, if you have more than one trace, you may select Multiple Scales. The multiple scales option shows a value range for each trace. There is only one time scale. 9. Consider checking the following check boxes: Logarithmicto display the data in a logarithmic scale. If you have multiple scales, you may set this option differently for each trace. This option is disabled for digital tags.
Note: You may use logarithmic and non-logarithmic scales for traces in the same trend when you select the Multiple Scales option. In this case, the minor grid lines associated with a logarithmic plot may confuse the plot. You can turn off the minor grid lines by setting the vertical minor grid color or line style to none.
10. In the Max and Min drop-down lists, select Autorange or Database or enter the values to determine the value scale.
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Create a Trend
Min Settings: AutorangeThe trend displays with the value scale starting at the closest available major axis. If the minimum is Autorange and the maximum is not, the scale starts at the lowest data value in the trace (not on a major axis) and ends on the closest major axis. DatabaseThe tag's Zero attribute is used to specify the minimum plot value. If the Zero value is <= 0, the minimum is re-interpreted as Autorange. 0 (absolute value)The value you type is used as the first value on the value scale.
Max Settings: AutorangeThe trend displays with the value scale ending at the closest available major axis. If the maximum is Autorange and the minimum is not, the plot starts on the minimum value and ends on the largest trace value (neither min nor max will be on a major axis). DatabaseThe tag's Zero + Span attributes are used to specify the maximum plot value. 0 (absolute value)The value you type is used as the value scale maximum.
11. From the Format drop-down list, select the number format for the scale. Database is the default format. This number format is also applied to legend, cursor, and ToolTip numbers. DatabaseDatabase format looks at a PI Tag's display digits attribute and displays the value scale numbers in standard format. If the length of the number exceeds the display digits value, scientific notation is used. ScientificScientific notation is used for all values. There is no change to the scientific format used for trends. It displays in the format: 0.00E+00. Standard format (do not switch to scientific format for large numbers)The significant digits are ignored for logarithmic plots, for example, format 0.0 does not truncate 0.0000001 to 0.0. Because of precision issues, any number with more than DBL_DIG (15) significant digits is rounded off at significant digit DBL_DIG. A value of 12345678901234567890 is displayed as 12345678901234600000. GeneralThe number is displayed with standard formatting with the exception of numbers with more than DBL_DIG (15) digits. In this case, scientific notation is used. The program logic uses 1.0e+15 and 1.0e-15 as the maximum and minimum for standard formatting.
12. Under Plot Time, from the Start and End drop-down lists, select a time. An asterisk (*) represents the current time. 13. In the Style drop-down list, select Full time stamp, Partial time stamp, or Relative time stamp to indicate how time is displayed on the time axis. 14. Click OK.
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Trends
Note: PI ProcessBook allows you to create custom placeholders for a symbol based on a summary Data Set. Placeholders are not allowed for expression Data Sets. The Custom Placeholders button in symbol definition dialog boxes allows you to specify different PI Tags for a PI Summary Data Set. The change applies only to the configured symbol. See Add or Edit Placeholders (page 163) for details.
Move a Plot
If you have created more than one plot in the trend, you can move each plot separately. In Build mode simply click the plot you want to move. Selection handles appear around the plot. Use these handles to drag the plot to its new location.
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As you create a new trend, you can specify the desired tags, the colors and fonts for traces, legends, and backgrounds, as well as how much tag information is displayed with the trend. Use the Symbol Formatting (page 63) toolbar to make trend formatting changes. The Define Trend dialog has a General tab where you create a trend (page 77), and the following additional tabs for formatting and layout: Display Format (page 81)options for the elements to be included in the trend. Trace Format (page 82)provides an alternate way to choose colors and line styles for each trace (plot line) as well as the axes, background, and text. Layout (page 83)options determine the arrangement of rows and columns for multiple plot trends. This tab only appears when you first create a trend symbol.
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Trends
3. In the Legend group box, check or uncheck options for displaying the tag name, server name, description, value, and engineering units. Your choices are reflected in the sample trend at the bottom of the dialog. The information that can fit in the legend is determined by the size of the trend. Consequently, not all of the information in the legend may be visible. If the width of the legend is more than 50 percent of the width of the trend, the legend does not display. If the length of the text in the legend is longer than the total height of the trend, the items on the bottom are not shown.
4. In the Display box, check or uncheck the following options. The sample trend reflects the changes you make. Plot Title Vertical Scale Inside AxisDraws the value scale inside the plot area GridsShows grid lines on the trend MarkersWhen checked, markers indicate data points on the trend. If the Markers box is not selected, three markers appear on each line to help you match a line to a tag.
5. Choose a trend orientation from the three radio button options at the top of the dialog: Now at right (horizontal), Now at top (vertical), or Now at bottom (vertical). New in PI ProcessBook 3.1, this feature allows you to orient your trend in a horizontal or vertical direction.
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3. Select a plot element from the Plot Element drop-down box. 4. Select formatting options from the Element Format group box for the selected plot element. Your choices are reflected in the sample trend at the bottom of the dialog. 5. Repeat steps 1-2 as needed. 6. Click OK to apply the formatting changes.
Layout Tab
The plot arrangement in a multi-plot trend is established by setting up the number of rows and columns of plots in the Layout tab. To revise the proposed plot arrangement matrix: 1. Follow the steps to build a trend with multiple plots (page 80). 2. In the Define Trend dialog, click the Layout tab. 3. Under Plot Arrangement, select the number of rows and columns you want. The following example shows four plots, to be arranged in 2 rows of 2 columns each. Tab past the matrix to see the sample of your new selection display in the Preview area.
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Trends
4. When you are satisfied with the matrix arrangement, click OK to draw the plots.
Note: The Layout tab only appears when you initially create a trend (page 77). Once the layout is set, you cannot revise it because the plots are no longer associated when the symbol is created. However, individual plots can be moved on the display in Build mode.
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1. In Run mode, double-click the value scale, or Choose View > Trend Scale. The Trend Scale dialog appears. 2. Select the Single Scale or Multiple Scales radio button. 3. If you are using Multiple Scales, then select the tag from the Tags drop-down list for which you are setting the scale options. 4. Select Autorange, Database, or Absolute options for the Maximum and Minimum values of the scale. Autorange: selects a vertical scale depending on the minimum and maximum tag values between the trend start time and end time. Database: selects a vertical scale depending on the Zero (for minimum) and Span (for maximum) tag attributes as configured in the Point Database for the selected tag. See the PI Server Reference Guide for more information on tag attributes. Absolute: allows you to enter custom values for the vertical scale of a selected tag. Enter a custom value in the adjacent box.
5. If you have selected the Absolute option, then type in the Maximum and Minimum values of the scale in the adjacent boxes. 6. Click OK. Modifications made to a trend through use of this dialog do not affect the stored settings of the trend.
Note: To return the trend scale to its original settings, choose View > Revert.
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Trend Expandtemporarily expands a trend symbol so that it occupies the entire display window. Trend Cursorshows the value of the plotted tags at a specific point in time.
Drag Zoom
Drag Zoom lets you expand or contract the time scale of a trend. 1. With the Run Mode pointer, click an area in the trend at which you want a closer look. 2. Drag the pointer diagonally to create a rectangle. 3. When you release the mouse, the trend displays the data within the rectangle.
Click the Zoom In or Out button at the bottom of a trend to reduce or expand the time range of that trend by a factor of 2. In other words, if your time range is 8 hours, Trend Zoom 2x In divides the time range by 2 and displays the trend for a 4 hour time period. Trend Zoom 2x Out multiplies the time range by 2 and displays the trend for a 16 hour time period. You can remove changes to the time range by clicking the Revert button .
Note: If the trend is too small these buttons may not appear. Simply expand the trend's size to display hidden buttons.
If there are no trend cursors, the Trend Zoom 2x command zooms in or out of the last portion of the time period. For example, if the initial time range is 60 minutes and you select Trend Zoom 2x In, the trend displays the last 30 minutes. Trend Zoom 2x Out displays 120 minutes adding 60 minutes to the beginning of the trend. When a trend cursor is displayed, the command uses the trend cursor as the center of the zoomed trend. If several cursors are used, the last one set is used as the center of the zoomed trend. See Trend Cursor (page 87), for more information on trend cursors.
Expand a Trend
When you double-click a trend in Run Mode, the trend is redrawn so that it occupies the entire display window. Double-click again to reduce the trend to its original size. While the trend is expanded, the Drawing toolbar is disabled. If you switch to another display, the Drawing toolbar will work there. All descriptive information (title, tag descriptor, tag value) is shown on an expanded trend.
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Trend Cursor
A trend cursor lets you read tag values for a particular time. When you select a trend cursor, a vertical line indicates the cursor position. The box at the top of the line indicates the value and status. The box at the bottom displays the time and date of the value. You may display several trend cursors at one time.
Note: A trend does not update while trend cursors are visible.
If the trend is too small, the Trend Cursor command is disabled and the mouse pointer does not change when you move over the left axis. You can expand the trend by double-clicking it. Trend cursors may be automated.
Add a Trend Cursor 1. Notice whether the time scale appears at the bottom and the timestamp appears at the upper right. If not, the trend rectangle may be too small to use Trend Cursor. Enlarge the trend. If the time stamp does not appear, reformat the display format to show it. 2. With the Run mode pointer, click the Trend Cursor button . A cursor appears at the right edge of the trend. When the mouse pointer changes to a double-headed arrow over the trend cursor, click the vertical line and drag left to position the trend cursor, or Choose View > Trend Cursor. An indented icon in front of the command indicates that trend cursors are on. 3. Move the mouse pointer over the left axis of the trend. The pointer changes to a trend cursor symbol. As you drag to the right, a new trend cursor is added to the trend 4. Move the trend cursor back and forth across the trend by dragging it. As you move it, the time stamp, status, and value appear in a box at the top right of the trend. 5. When you release the cursor, the values appear in boxes at the top and bottom of the cursor. You can add additional cursors by grabbing the trend cursor icon at the left axis.
Remove a Trend Cursor Click the Trend Cursor button -orChoose View > Trend Cursor.
Note: To remove one trend cursor but not all of them, click the trend cursor and drag it to the left or right until it moves off of the trend.
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Note: If the trend is too small these buttons may not appear. Expand the trend's size to display hidden buttons.
You can also use buttons on the Time Range (page 12) toolbar to modify time configurations settings.
PI ProcessBook uses an algorithm to identify the peaks so that no information is lost when the trend time range is large. It ensures that the plot is not under- or over-sampled and that the correct amount of information is sent from the PI Archive. Unlike data from a PI Archive, data from an ODBC data set refreshes according to a stipulated refresh rate.
Trend Appearance
A trend appears according to the format established in the Preference settings (page 22). You may override this format by selecting the Trend Formatting (page 81) button .
Typically, the title of the trend appears at the upper left, and the current timestamp appears at the upper right. The selected tag names, current or end value, and engineering units appear in the legend opposite the value scale.
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Grid Lines Horizontal and vertical grid lines align with even units (whole numbers) on the scales. Grid lines for the value scale line up with whole numbers at intervals of 1, 2, 5, 10, or powers of 10 times those intervals. Grid lines for the time scale line up with time intervals such as weeks, days, hours, minutes, etc. The lines then scroll as time passes on an updating trend.
Grid Line Labels Configure the labels for the value scale using single or multiple scales. You can place these labels on either the inside or outside of the value axis:
Single Scale Multiple Scales The union of the ranges for all the pens appears in the label. The range for each pen in the trend appears in the label.
Configure the labels for the time axis using a full timestamp, partial timestamp, or a relative timestamp:
Full timestamp Partial timestamp Relative timestamp Displays a complete timestamp for the start and end times. The time range of the trend is in the middle of the time axis. Labels most grid lines in the units of the time range. Displays the full timestamp for the end time of the trend at the top right edge of the plot. Displays the offset from the end time limit in weeks, days, hours, etc. and the full timestamp for the end time of the trend at the top right edge of the plot.
Note: Labels for the grid lines appear unless the trend rectangle is too small.
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Autorange Scale The value scale is determined by a calculation based on minimum and maximum values in the trend. As new data are received from the server, the high and low values may change, and the scale is recalculated accordingly. For example, if the original scale ranged from 5 to 100, but the new data has a high of 103, then the new plot shows a range from 5 to 105 (the nearest number divisible by 5 and larger than the high value). If more than one tag is plotted on a single scale, the value scale is calculated from the highest and lowest values for all the tags.
Database Scale If the scale is set to Database, the range is the same as the limits for the point on the server. The minimum value is termed zero, and the maximum value is the sum of the zero value plus the span value. For example, suppose the tag attributes for a point are Zero = 3 and Span = 6. The plot range therefore is based on making the minimum and maximum values 3 to 9.
Logarithmic Scale If you prefer a logarithmic scale, check this option. This option is disabled for digital, string, timestamp, or integer tags.
Manually Defined Scale When the scale is configured, an arbitrary minimum and maximum scale value may be entered.
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A single scale trace containing one flat trace with a constant value of 0.
A single scale trend containing a flat trace and a non-flat trace. The default range for the flat trace is not applied. PI ProcessBook User Guide 91
Trends
Traces
A Trace, also referred to as a pen, is a single line on a trend. When a trace is continuous, a line is drawn from measurement to measurement. When a trace is discrete, the value is propagated forward until a new value is recorded in the database. This results in horizontal and vertical lines for the tag (staircase trace). Digital points are discrete type measurements, producing staircase traces. For digital points, the offset from the starting digital state code is plotted. When the value is shown in a trend cursor, ToolTip, or legend, the text translation is displayed (for example, ON or OFF). Staircase traces are used for points from a PI Server that have a Step Flag set to TRUE. ODBC queries may produce either curved or staircase traces, depending on the Stepped Plot check box setting in the ODBC Data dialog. Hide Traces You can hide one or more traces on the trend in Run mode so that an area of concern is more easily viewed. 1. Open a trend in Run mode. 2. Hover your mouse pointer over the trend's legend. The mouse pointer changes to a hand cursor , and the trace in the trend is highlighted.
3. Click on the legend item to hide or show the trace on the plot. If the trace has a regression line configured, the regression line is also hidden. When a trace is hidden: the trace name is dimmed in the legend and the description, value, and engineering units are hidden (if they were shown before).
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the space reserved on the legend for the description, value, and engineering units collapses so that the trace under the hidden trace is moved. This clearly shows the visible traces on the legend, especially on a trend with many traces. on a multi-scale trend, the scale associated with the hidden trace is hidden. on a single scale trend, the minimum and maximum values shown on the scale may be adjusted.
You can show hidden traces by clicking their names a second time in the legend, or by clicking the Revert button. All hidden traces are shown in Build mode.
Note: You can also right click on a trend and select Show All or Hide All to make traces visible or invisible.
Markers
Markers indicate data points and allow you to differentiate between traces on a trend. There are three types of markers: actual data trace markers bad data markers At least three markers are shown on a trace, unless the plot is too small. Actual Data Markers Actual data markers plot each value stored in the database. The color of the trace and of the marker is the same. You can select the shape of the marker, such as diamonds, circles, squares, or triangles, which can be helpful for color- blind users and for monochrome monitors. Trace Markers If there are too many values to plot based on the size of the trend, the display resolution and the density of the plotted data, actual data markers do not appear and trace markers are used instead. Trace markers are also used if the trend configuration does not specify Markers. Trace markers help you identify the legend information for each trace; they do not indicate actual plot values. Up to three trace markers are used per trace. X Markers When a value is outside the limits defined for the trend, it is plotted as over- or under-range. When a value is out of range or has a bad value, it is not shown on the plot. An X marker is placed on the trend at the beginning and end of the time when data are not plotted. When the data are missing, (for example, not connected to a server) they are given the value No Data and are not plotted.
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Ad Hoc Trends
Create a trend on an ad hoc basis for tags represented by dynamic symbols in a display within a ProcessBook. Ad hoc trends are like any other trends in that you can scroll the time forward and backward, view cursors, zoom, view point attributes, use multiple scales, or change the time range. To create an ad hoc trend, use either the Trend tool or Trend Display tool . The Trend tool allows you to add a trend to an existing display. The Trend Display tool creates a separate, new display with the instant trend.
Note: You can build a trend display before you open any displays.
If you create an ad hoc Trend Display and then choose to save it for future use, it appears on the Book or Outline View as subordinate to the original display.
A new display window opens, and the trend is created automatically for the selected symbols using the default format and time range. It is given the unique name Trend Display#, where # is a number. The plot title is Ad Hoc Trend. - or . The mouse pointer changes to a trend pointer. Click in the Click the Trend button display and drag to create a rectangle. It is given the name Ad Hoc Trend. The trend appears in the rectangle, using the default format.
Note: If you select more tags than the default set in your Preference settings, usually 3, then you will have more than one plot in your trend or trend display.
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If you had a display entry from a ProcessBook open when the instant trend was created, the instant trend can be saved as a subordinate of the display by using the Save command. You may save an ad hoc trend as another file type, such as a bitmap (.bmp) file, using Save As.
Note: You cannot save an ad hoc trend from view-only mode.
Convert Trends
This process is used to convert VAX graphics for use with a PC. 1. On the VAX or Alpha at the DCL prompt, type $ Run PISysExe:PIDisDIFF 2. Select option 1 List Master Display Library from the PI Display Data Interchange File Format Builder. 3. Direct the output to a file. 4. Enter a file name. If your file name is more than 8 characters and a 3-character extension (xxxxxxxx.xxx), the name is truncated during the download process. 5. Accept the defaults for display mask, group numbers and unit numbers (*). 6. Select the trend display types you are importing. For optimum performance select only options 1 (horizontal), 2 (vertical), 3 (composite), and 8 (overview). 7. Quit the PIDisDIFF application (option Q). 8. Transfer the file from the VAX or Alpha to the PC using any ASCII text file transfer program you have available.
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Convert Graphics
This process is used to convert VAX graphics for use with a PC. On the OpenVMS computer, copy a graphic file to your working directory. Graphic files are named PISysDat:PIGP_xxxxxxxxxx.dat, where xxxxxxxxxx is the display name. 1. At the DCL prompt, type $ RUN PISysExe:GPAB 2. Select option 1 Convert Binary to ASCII from the PI Graphics Package ASCII/Binary File Conversion menu. 3. Type the display name of the graphic you want to convert and press Enter. Repeat for each file you want to convert. 4. Select option Q to quit the application. 5. Transfer the file from the VAX or Alpha to the PC using any ASCII text file transfer program you have available. Your PI ProcessBook Install disks include an OpenVMS command file which performs Steps 1 - 5 for all graphics. The file is named GPPBConv.com.
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Chapter 6
XYPlots
An XYPlot shows a correlation between one or more paired sets of data. On an XYPlot (also called a scatter plot), the X scale shows possible values for one of the items in the pair and the Y scale shows the value of the other item in the pair. A basic scatter plot looks like the following:
Uncorrelated data
This case plotted 10-minute intervals of two points, A and B, for the last hour. Point A had 12 point values; Point B had 16 point values. The number of points plotted equals the number of pairs. Since A had fewer point values, the plot shows only 12 point pairs. The extra data from point B is ignored. You can configure the method by which pairing occurs. Correlation is a measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables. Correlation is indicated graphically by the spread of the data points around a fitted straight line (for example, a straight line that indicates the trend of the data). In general, the closer the points are to the fitted line, the stronger the correlation. The two PI tags shown in figure 1 are not strongly correlated. Another plot shows perfectly correlated data:
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Perfectly correlated
Somewhat correlated
In the case of the third plot, a regression line with a slope (M) of 1 and an offset (B) of 0 drawn diagonally across the plot would show all points lying close to the line, some above it, some below it. This line formula is appropriate in this case because both scales are the same and the points appear to have values very close to each other. In other cases, one value may be two or three times the other value (for example) and the regression line would fall on a different slope, depending upon how the scales are configured. If the scales are the same, the slope of the line determines the relationship between the points. If the scales are not the same, the slope is insignificant.
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Draw an XYPlot
1. In Build mode, choose Draw > XYPlot, -orOn the Drawing toolbar, click the XYPlot button 3. Release the mouse button. The Define XYPlot dialog opens with the General tab open. Use the tabs to: General Tab (page 100)Select tags to be plotted. Display Format Tab (page 104)Choose what to show in the Legend and on the Display. Plot Format Tab (page 105)Select how to color and style the plot elements, such as trace pens and background. .
4. Click OK. The XYPlot appears. To revise an existing XYPlot, select Build mode and double-click the XYPlot. The Define XYPlot dialog appears. Make your changes and click OK.
Note: Click Undo to restore your original plot.
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General Tab
Plot TitleEnter a plot title. Change it later if you wish. Tags in PlotSelect the tags or data sets you want to plot. Enter tag names by typing in the list or by using the Tag Search button or the Data set arrow. Tag Search button: Click this button to reach the Tag Search dialog, where you may choose the X-tag and one or more Y-tags for your plot. When you have selected tags or data sets through this dialog, they will appear on the Tags in Plot list. Dataset Retrieval Arrowhead button: Click this arrowhead to choose a data set for plotting. The data set values may be retrieved through ODBC or through a PI Calculation.
After you complete the configuration of your data set selection, they appear as tag names in the Tags in Plot text box. An Options radio button appears next to each tag name. Select the Options radio button to choose the X-axis tag. Unselected tags are Y-axis tags. If a tag that is selected as the X-axis is deleted, the first tag in the list becomes the X-axis tag. Use the four toolbar buttons on the title bar to rearrange this list. They are, in order, Add, Delete, Up Arrow, and Down Arrow.
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ServerEnter or select a PI Server name. This field is only used when a PI Tag name is typed directly into the list.
Note: PI ProcessBook allows you to create custom placeholders for a symbol based on a summary Data Set. Placeholders are not allowed for expression Data Sets. The Custom Placeholders button in symbol definition dialog boxes allows you to specify different PI Tags for a PI Summary Data Set. The change applies only to the configured symbol. See Add or Edit Placeholders (page 163) for details.
Configure Pairings Once the tags are listed in the Tags in Plot list, configure the method for pairing values between X and Y in the Data Retrieval Methods box. X Tagchoose either Recorded or Interpolated for the retrieval method. Interpolatedan interval may be entered in the Plot Time section. Interpolated is the default for tags and is disabled for ODBC and Custom data sets. This method retrieves interpolated values for the specified time range in regular intervals. For example, if the time range is *-1h to * and the Interval is 10m, then six values spaced 10 minutes apart are returned. RecordedRetrieves archive values between the specified start and end time. Y Tag(s)the Y tag data retrieval method applies to individually selected tags in the Tags in Plot list (unless the Use for all Y tags check box is selected). The default data retrieval method for Y tags is Synchronize. Y Tags, paired by position in the listTo use multiple time ranges, select Recorded or Interpolated. In this case, data is paired by position in the point list. If Interpolated is selected for the X tag as well, the interval value for the Y tag defaults to the one for the X tag. When Recorded is the retrieval mechanism, the results are not skewed by minor timestamp differences. Y Tags, paired by timestampsto pair values by time, rather than by list position, choose one of these retrieval methods: Synchronize, Match, Match or Previous, or Match or Next. Synchronizesynchronizes data found for X with data for Y using the timestamps for the X data. Matchfind the point for Y corresponding to the exact timestamp as X. Match or Previousfind the point for Y corresponding to the exact timestamp as X. If there is none, find the value that is the closest but earlier in time. Match or Nextfind the point for Y corresponding to the exact timestamp as X. If there is none, find the value that is the closest, but later in time. Synchronize and Matchuse different PI SDK value retrieval methods. Synchronize uses TimedValues. Match uses RecordedValues and then uses the values where the timestamps match. TimedValuesMatch uses RecordedValues and then uses the values where the timestamps match.
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If you select Synchronize or any of the Match options, the start and end times for that tag are set the same as for the X tag and cannot be changed.
Note: The XYPlot supports ODBC data sets that don't contain timestamps. This type of entry must be plotted as a Y-tag, and data values must be retrieved using the Recorded retrieval method. If a tag is changed from a Y tag to an X tag and has a value for Retrieval Method that is only valid for Y tags, the method is changed to Interpolated. If the tag is a data set, the method is changed to Recorded.
In all cases, if a pair is not made, the unmatched Y points are ignored. Use for all Y tagsSelecting this box indicates that the Y-tags data retrieval mechanism applies for all Y-tags. If one of the tags is a Custom or ODBC data set and the selection mechanism is Interpolated or Synchronize, the selection mechanism will be Recorded or Match respectively for that tag only. Scale Box In the Scale Box, set the scale ranges for all tags. Single Y Scalecombines all tag values onto one scale. Multiple Y Scalesprovides a separate scale for each tag. This choice does not change the scale min and max values, but allows them to be configured independently by selecting each Y tag and making changes. Regardless of your selection, you may independently configure the X scale tag. MaxAutorange uses the maximum value plotted. You may enter an absolute value here as well. Default is Autorange. Database uses the zero plus span value of the tag in the PI Archive to determine the max. Database with a data set plot uses the maximum value plotted. MinAutorange uses the minimum value plotted. You may enter an absolute value here as well. Default is Autorange. Database uses the zero value of the tag in the PI Archive to determine the min. Database with a data set plot uses the minimum value plotted. FormatSelects the number format of the Y scale, legend entries, cursor values, and ToolTip values. Plot Time You can set the time for each tag as it is highlighted in the Tags in Plot box. If a Y tag is selected and its selection mechanism is not Recorded or Interpolated, then these boxes are disabled. StartThe start time of the XYPlot. The list includes *-1h (minus one hour), *-4h, *-8h, *-1d, *-7d. The default is *-8h. EndThe end time of the XYPlot. The list includes *, *-1h, *-4h, *-8h, *-1d, *-7d. The default is * (current time).
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IntervalThis field is enabled when the retrieval method is Interpolated. It provides a sampling interval for data. When you have completed configuring the fields on the General tab, click the Display Format (page 104) tab.
Add a Data set to an XYPlot 1. In Build mode, choose Draw > XYPlot, -orOn the Drawing toolbar, click the XYPlot button 3. Release the mouse button. The Define XYPlot dialog opens with the General tab open. 4. Click the arrow next to the Tag Search button. 5. Select ODBC or PI Calculation to see the corresponding Dataset Details or PI Calculation Data configuration dialog. 6. When you have completed the configuration, click OK to exit the configuration dialog. The data set name appears in the Tags in Plot box. 7. In the Define XYPlot dialog, click OK to see the plot. .
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Legend Choose the legend elements that appear in the XYPlot. Tag NameLists the entries in Tags in Plot. Selected by default. Srvr NameSelect this check box to prepend the tag name with the server name. Cleared by default. DescriptionThe tag description may be displayed on the legend. Selected by default. ValueThe last value of the tag plotted may be displayed. For digital and string tags, a string value is shown. Selected by default. Engineering UnitsSelected by default. If the tag does not report units, they are not shown on the legend for that tag. Correlation CoefficientA check indicates that the correlation coefficient should be calculated and displayed on the legend. Selected by default.
Display Select the optional elements to be included in the XYPlot. Plot TitleSelected by default.
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Vertical Scale Inside AxisCheck this box to show the vertical scale to the right of the Vertical Axis, inside the plot area. Selected by default. GridsCheck this box to include vertical and horizontal grid lines. Selected by default. On the Plot Format Page, you can configure the appearance of the major and minor grid lines. Linear Correlation LineCheck this to show a linear regression line. The default is cleared, which does not draw a line. Connecting LinesCheck this box to show the paired points connected with straight lines in the order they are plotted. Selected by default. Clear the box to configure a scatter plot with points only, no lines.
Sample This area displays a sample XYPlot with the options you have selected. When you have completed the Display Format page, click the tab for the Plot Format page.
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Plot Elementdrop-down list of the elements you can configure, such as major and minor gridlines, background colors, text font, etc. Pens correspond to the X-and Y tags listed in the order in the Tags in Plot box on the General tab. Element FormatAfter you select an element in the Plot Element drop-down, available formatting options appear. A drop-down arrow is grayed out if the option is not configurable. For example, text has color but no line style options. Line StyleDetermines the line style for the selected element. Line WeightDetermines the line weight for the selected element. If the selected element does not have a line weight property, this field is disabled. Marker ShapeDetermines the marker shape for pen elements. ColorDetermines the color for the selected element. Pen elements apply the color to the line and marker. Last Marker ColorAllows selection of a different color for the last marker for a pen. If Match Trace is true (selected), this field is disabled. If the selected element does not have a marker, this field is disabled. Next To Last Marker ColorAllows selection of a different color for the secondto-last marker for a pen. If Match Trace is true (selected), this field is disabled. If the selected element does not have a marker, this field is disabled. Match TraceDetermines whether all marker colors match the trace color (true) for a pen. If set to false, the Last Marker Color and Next To Last Marker Color fields are enabled so the marker color can be changed for those two plotted points. By default, this field is selected (true). If the selected element does not have a marker, this field is disabled. SampleProvides a preview of your formatting changes.
Ad-hoc XYPlots
You can draw an XYPlot in Run mode on an ad hoc basis. Click the XYPlot button begin, and follow the steps described in Drawing an XYPlot (page 99). to
XYPlot Statistics
The XYPlot Statistics dialog [deprecated] allows you to view and export raw data values and statistics, such as the mean and standard deviation of each tags data. You can also view these statistics in the Details Window (page 135). To open the XYPlot Statistics dialog: 1. In Run Mode, double-click the XYPlot symbol. Your cursor turns into a pointer. 2. Use the pointer to double-click an XYPlot on your display. The Statistics dialog appears. 3. In the Options drop-down list, select Raw Data or Statistics.
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To save this data to a text file: 1. Click the Save Data to File button. The Save As dialog appears. 2. Enter a file name in the Save As dialog. The data is saved to the file in the following format: Tag, <tag name> Start Time, <start time> End Time, <end time> Count, < number of points paired> Mean, <mean> STDEV, <standard deviation> Data Type, <data type> Index, Time, Value, Status <index>, <time>, <value>, <status> <index>, <time>, <value>, <status> Tag, <tag name> Start Time, <start time> End Time, <end time> Count, < number of points paired> Mean, <mean> STDEV, <standard deviation> Correlation, <correlation coefficient> Slope, <slope> Intercept, <intercept> Data Type, <data type> Index, Time, Value, Status <index>, <time>, <value>, <status> <index>, <time>, <value>, <status> Etc.
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Where m is the slope and b is the offset. To calculate m, we use the following equation:
Once m and b are known, the value of y that intersects the best-fit line can be calculated.
Correlation Coefficient
The Correlation Coefficient (r) varies between -1 and +1. Positive values indicate that as X increases, Y also increases. Negative values indicate that as X increases, Y decreases. A value of zero indicates no correlation in the way the sets of values vary. The Correlation Coefficient for a set of points is calculated using the following formula: (n is the number of points, s is the standard deviation). You can display the correlation coefficient in the plot legend.
Note: Bad data points are not included in this calculation.
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Interpreting an XYPlot
In PI ProcessBook the XYPlot is a dynamic symbol. It has specialized characteristics, such as its statistical calculations, which are described in the following paragraphs.
Point Properties Data may be retrieved from PI or from independent data sets. Use the Tag Properties button or the right mouse menu Properties item to determine the attributes of the points in your XYPlot . Scroll Feature Scrolling is available from the ProcessBook toolbar. When time scrolling is used on an XYPlot symbol, all tags time ranges are changed to support the scroll duration. Plot Values In a typical XYPlot, the current value for X appears below the plot. The current values for the two different Y tags appear at the upper right. Below each one is the correlation coefficient for that XY pair. The dots and lines on the plot are colored to match the tags. Plot values appear in a small box over the plot when the mouse cursor is hovering over an actual plotted point pair. The following illustration shows an example.
In the figure above, if there had been more than one Y tag, each one would be displayed on a different line. The X tag information is placed at the bottom. For digital or string tags, the text value is displayed in the tool tip. You can also view plot values by double-clicking the title bar and choosing the Raw Data option, rather than the Statistics option.
Zoom/Revert Functions
You can enlarge a portion of an XYPlot by using the Zoom feature.
Zoom/Revert Functions
Original plot
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Note: The zoom area must be smaller than the plot area and cannot include the outer 20 percent of the plot. If the mouse is dragged past the plot boundary, the zoom rectangle stops at the border until the mouse reappears within the boundary. If the mouse is dragged off the plot symbol boundary, the zoom is canceled.
Revert
1. Click Undo to return the plot to its state directly before the zoom occurred. 2. Click the Revert button to return the plot to its configured appearance.
XYPlot Cursors
The cursor for an XYPlot includes both a horizontal and a vertical line. The mouse cursor is at the cross point of both cursor lines. You must be in Run mode to use the XYPlot cursor. To create a cursor, place the mouse very close to either the X- or Y-axis. Drag the cursor onto the plot. In the XYPlot below, you can see an XYPlot cursor at the Y axis that is not yet intersecting any points on the plot.
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You can also see an XYPlot cursor that was dropped on a point. The X and Y values appear in small boxes outside the axes. Using the mouse, you may position and release the cursor over any point on the XYPlot. If the cursor is dropped on an area that contains no points, the cursor snaps to the nearest point.
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Examples of XYPlots
For these examples, the X-axis represents one of the values in the pair and the Y-axis represents the other. The configuration of these axes regarding minimum and maximum values and interval (or unit) settings is left to you.
Example 1: Create an XYPlot on a display in PI ProcessBook to compare values for two PI tags
1. On the Drawing toolbar, click the XYPlot button and drag to form the bounding rectangle for the plot. The Define XYPlot dialog appears. 2. Enter a title for the plot and select 2 tags to be entered in the Tags in Plot list. 3. Click an option button to select one tag to be the X tag. 4. Use the default settings for time range, scale, and retrieval method. 5. Click the Display Format tab and check the box for the regression line. 6. Select the Plot Format tab and accept the default values. 7. Click OK and the plot appears.
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Examples of XYPlots
Assume that all four boilers run identical processes. 1. Plot the temperature of Boiler1 (the B1Temp tag) on the X-axis of an XYPlot and the temperatures of the other three boilers (B2Temp, B3Temp and B4Temp) on the Y-axis. 2. Use the same time range for all four tags. 3. Select a single scale so that the Boilers 2, 3 and 4 are compared directly against Boiler1. 4. Configure the plot to show the correlation co-efficient for each of the boilers. By viewing how far from the regression line each of the boilers falls, you can determine how closely their performance matches and which boilers you should continue to adjust. When all three boilers have an acceptable correlation coefficient, you know the work is complete.
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Chapter 7
Additional Symbols
Dynamic Symbols
Values
A Value is the reading obtained at a particular moment in time for a tag in the PI Archive. A value is shown as a number or a digital state string. The tag name and time stamp may also be shown. The time stamp is the time stamp from the PI Archive. Add a Dynamic Value 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Value button -orChoose Draw > Value. The mouse pointer changes to the Value pointer. 3. Click in the display where you want the value to be placed. When you release the mouse button, the Define Value dialog is displayed. .
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4. In the Server drop-down list, select the PI Server to use. If a tag name is manually entered in the Tag box, it is expected to be on the selected server. If both server and tag name are entered in the Tag box, this field is updated with the entered server name. This field has no effect for non-PI data. 5. In the Tag box, type the name of the tag you want to display in the value box. -orClick the Tag Search button to locate the tag. -orClick the Tag Search arrow to see more search options.
Note: The Sample area shows how the value will look.
6. In the Format drop-down list, select a number for the value, or type your own format (page 119). 7. In the Tag drop-down list, select the location of the tag name in the value box (None, Left, Right, Top, or Bottom). 8. In the Time stamp drop-down list, select the location of the time stamp in the value box (None, Left, Right, Top, or Bottom). 9. Click OK to add the value to the display.
Note: PI ProcessBook allows you to create custom placeholders for a symbol based on a summary Data Set. Placeholders are not allowed for expression Data Sets. The Custom Placeholders button in symbol definition dialog boxes allows you to specify different PI Tags for a PI Summary Data Set. The change applies only to the configured symbol. See Add or Edit Placeholders (page 163) for details.
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Table of Format Values The following number formats are available in PI ProcessBook. The characters used for the decimal and grouping are based on the Regional Settings on the computer where PI ProcessBook is installed.
Format General 0 0.00 #,##0 #,##0.00 (#,##0) (#,##0.00) 0% 0.00% Scientific Database Value -25.434 25.59 17.246 -1732.87 -1732.87 -1732.87 -1732.87 3.25 3.25 3.25 Result -25.434 26 17.25 -1,733 -1,732.87 (1,733) (1,732.87) 325% 325.00% 3.25000E+00
Uses the Display Digits attribute for the tag from the PI System.
The following table describes how to create a custom number format mask.
Symbol # 0 Explanation Placeholder for a digit. Leading and decimal zeros are not displayed Placeholder for a digit. Leading and decimal zeros are displayed.
Button
You can add a button to your drawing that: Opens an independent display (.pdi)
For example: Create a drawing that shows the first part of a general process and add a button that opens a more detailed process in a separate display. Create a drawing and add a button that opens a PI DataLink spreadsheet to show a report.
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You can add a button to your drawing that: Executes an operating system command
For example: Create a drawing and add a button that opens an independent PI ProcessBook display (.pdi file) on a web site. Note: You need to enter the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) address that points to the location of the specific .pdi file on a web server. Create a VBA script called AddTrend that inserts a trend on a display. Add a button to the display and configure it to use the AddTrend script (macro) as its Action.
Add a Button 1. In Build mode, open a display. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Button button Choose Draw > Button. The mouse pointer changes to the Button pointer. 2. Click in the display where you want to add the button and drag the pointer to form a rectangle into which the button will be placed. When you release the mouse button, the Define Button dialog appears. 3. In the Text box, type the name of the button.
Note: The name should be no more than one or two words, and should describe the action the button performs when clicked.
, or
4. Click the Browse button, or Click the Browse arrow to see more options. The Open dialog appears. 5. Browse and locate the item that you want to be the button action and then click the Open button.
Note: If you know the file or macro name, then you can type this directly in the Action box.
The name of the selected item is displayed in the Action box. 6. Click the Browse button to the right of the Working folder box.
Note: The Working folder box allows you to specify the working folder for operating system commands. It is ignored if the Action refers to a document type supported by ProcessBook. If you know the name of the working folder for this application, then you can type this directly in the Working folder box.
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Dynamic Symbols
The Browse for Folder dialog appears. 7. Browse and locate the folder that you want to specify for the operating system command, and then click OK. 8. Leave the appropriate Options check box selected if you want to: Open a linked display in a new window. This option is selected by default. Use the relative path before the absolute path.
Note: By default, ProcessBook attempts to open a linked display from its relative path first. If the relative path fails, then the absolute path is attempted. Clearing this box reverses the order in which the paths are resolved. For new displays, this option is checked by default.
Ignore the default shell command for recognized file types (for example, SVG).
Note: If the file type is supported by ProcessBook (either natively or through an addin), then it is opened directly. For example, an .svg file is opened using the .svg File Converter in ProcessBook, even if you have Adobe SVG Viewer installed. Clearing this check box disables this behavior, so the default shell command is always used to open a file.
Bars
A Bar shows the current value of a tag as compared to a specified range of values. For example, a bar may be used to create the effect of a vessel filling and emptying, as the value changes. The range of values can be the maximum and minimum values specified in the point attributes, or, a bar can be designed to show a specific range of values. For example, if a tags specified value is between 0 and 100 but it typically falls between 0 and 30, a bar can designed to show that range. However, if the value is outside the range of the bar, the bar will appear the same as a value right at one of the limits of the bar. The start of the bar may be within the limits of the bar. This lets you display deviations from a standard or target value. Bad values are shown with hash marks across the entire bar.
Create a Dynamic Bar Creating a bar for a value allows you to see how the current value compares to the possible range of values. Since bars are dynamic, they are updated as the information changes from the PI Server. Bars may also be used to display the result of a data set query. String and timestamp data is not supported on Bar symbols.
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Additional Symbols
You can draw a bar using the current line style, line color, and fill attributes. 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Bar button Choose Draw > Bar. The mouse pointer changes to the Bar pointer. 3. Click in the display where you want to add the bar and drag the pointer to form a rectangle into which the bar will be placed. When you release the mouse button, the Define Bar dialog appears. , or
4. In the Server drop-down list, select the server to use for manually entered tags. If the server and tag name are both entered in the Tag box, this field is updated to show the new server name. This field is ignored for non-PI data. 5. In the Tag box, type the name of the tag you want to display on the bar. -orClick the Tag Search button to locate the tag. -orClick the Tag Search arrow to see more search options.
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6. From the Upper and Lower drop-down lists, select the maximum and minimum values you want to use for the bar. Select a constant, or choose Tag Zero() or TagZero()+TagSpan() for either or both values.
Note: If you choose a maximum value that is too small, the bar will be fully colored but there will be no warning that it has exceeded the maximum.
7. From the Start drop-down list, select the point on the bar from which you want to start drawing the bar. Select a constant, or select TagZero()+TagSpan() or Tag Zero(). 8. Under Orientation, select one of the options to display the bar either vertically or horizontally.
Note: The Sample area shows how the bar will look.
Multi-State Symbols
A Multi-State symbol changes color to reflect changes in value for a particular tag or data set value. Any symbol except a trend, XYPlot, graphic, button, or OLE object can be made a Multi-State symbol by assigning a tag to it. String and timestamp data cannot be used to configure multi-state behavior. You determine the number of value ranges, and the colors assigned to each range. As the value of the tag changes, the Multi-State symbol changes color to reflect the current value. You can make a symbol seem to disappear by setting a state color to the background color or to a color of none. For alarms or other purposes, you can set a state color to blink. For example, you may have a symbol showing two states. State 1 has a value range from 0 to 50 and a color of blue assigned to it. State 2 may have a range from 50 to 100 and have red assigned to it. When the reading is 50 or below, the symbol appears blue. Above 50, the symbol appears red. A color and sometimes a blinking attribute are assigned for bad data. For digital point types, a different color may be assigned to each state.
Create Dynamic Multi-State Symbols You can create a Multi-State symbol after you have drawn a symbol or copied one from the Symbol Library dialog. 1. In Build mode, open a display.
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2. Click the symbol that you want to use for creating a Multi-State symbol. On the Formatting toolbar, click the Multi-State Symbol button Choose Edit > Multi-State. 3. The Multi-State Symbol dialog appears. , or
4. In the Server drop-down list, select the server to use for entered tags. If a server and tag are both entered in the Tag box, this field is updated with the new server name. This box does not apply to non-PI data. 5. In the Tag box, type the name of the tag you want to assign. -orClick the Tag Search button to locate the tag. -orClick the Tag Search arrow to see more search options. 6. In the Number of States box, select the number of states to usel. If the number of states is not entered, the number defaults to 2. (For digital tags, the number of states is automatically set to the number of defined states for that tag.) 7. From the Color for Bad Data drop-down color palette, select a color that will be used when the information is in bad status. You may also select the Blink check box to call attention to the symbol when data is bad (optional). 8. In the State box, select 1. 9. In the Values box, type in a new value.
Note: The Values boxes display a range of values for each state. The total range of the tag is automatically divided by the number of states. For digital tags, the state name is displayed in these boxes. For other tag types, an estimate is made based on the span of values for the tag.
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10. From the Color drop-down color palette, select a color that will be used for the state. You may also select the Blink check box (optional). 11. Repeat Steps 9 and 10 for each state in the symbol. Your choices and the relative range of values are displayed on the bar at the bottom of the dialog box. 12. Click OK.
Note: You can remove a Multi-State symbol definition by clicking the Convert to Static button, which breaks the link between the symbol and the tag. Note: PI ProcessBook allows you to create custom placeholders for a symbol based on a summary Data Set. Placeholders are not allowed for expression Data Sets. The Custom Placeholders button in symbol definition dialog boxes allows you to specify different PI Tags for a PI Summary Data Set. The change applies only to the configured symbol. See Add or Edit Placeholders (page 163) for details.
Static Symbols
Text Symbol
The text symbol allows you to put one line of text on a display. Multiple lines of text are not supported. When this symbol is first added to the display, a text box with a blinking text cursor is displayed. You can add or edit text by double-clicking the Text symbol while in Build mode, which provides the text cursor. Unlike most other ProcessBook symbols, this symbol is not sized by dragging an area on the display. Instead, the symbol is sized to accommodate the text within. When text is added, the symbol grows in size and when text is removed the symbol size shrinks. The size of the font used also affects the size of the symbol. You can format the text symbol for font and color. Text symbols have all the functionality of other static symbols except rotating and flipping. Add Text to a Display Use the Text tool to add text to a display. 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Text button Choose Draw > Text. The mouse pointer changes to a text pointer. 3. Click in the display where you want to add the text. 4. Type the text in the text block. (You can only type the text on one line. It will not wrap.) , or
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Note: Text block refers to the text area associated with a shape that appears when you click the shape with the text tool or select it with the pointer tool.
5. When you finish typing, press ESC or click outside the text block. Edit a Text Box 1. In Build mode, open a display and double-click the text block you want to edit. 2. Click where you want to add or edit text. 3. Type to add text or edit the text. 4. When you finish typing, press ESC or click outside the text block. Move a Text Block 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. Click the text block you want to move, drag it to the new location, and then release the mouse button.
Line Symbol
Lines within a drawing can be diagonal, horizontal, or vertical. Attributes you can change include line color and whether a line is dotted or dashed, thick or thin, and with or without arrowheads. Draw a Line 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Line button Choose Draw > Line. 3. The mouse pointer changes to the line pointer. 4. Point to where you want to start the line. 5. Drag to draw the line. Press the SHIFT key while drawing to constrain the line to a horizontal or vertical line. , or
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Using the drawing tools, you can create these simple shapes: Rectangle, Square Arc Ellipse, Circle Draw a Rectangle, Square, Arc, Ellipse, or Circle 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Rectangle Click the appropriate tool. The mouse pointer changes to a tool pointer. The appearance of the pointer indicates the type of tool you have chosen. 3. Click the display to place the upper left corner of the shape, and drag down and to the right to create a shape of the desired size. Press SHIFT while drawing to constrain the object to a square, circle, or circular arc. 4. Release the mouse button to complete a Rectangle, Square, Ellipse, or Circle. -or5. If you used the arc tool, one quarter of the shape is drawn. Click on it and resize it to the desired shape. Click and drag the end of the arc to change the angle. Press SHIFT to change the angle in 15-degree increments. When the arc is first drawn, the handle for reshaping the angle is just inside the resize handle. , Arc ,or Ellipse button , or
Additional Symbols
Polygon Symbol
The Polygon tool draws irregular shapes. When you select the polygon tool the mouse pointer changes to a polygon pointer. Polygons are drawn using the current color and line style attributes.
Draw a Polygon 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Polygon button Choose Draw > Polygon. The mouse pointer changes to the Polygon pointer. 3. Click inside the display where you want to start drawing the first point of the polygon (point "a" in the example below). 4. Drag to create the first side (point "a" to point "b" in the example below). 5. Release the mouse button to position the second point of the polygon (point "b" in the example below). 6. Click at each of the remaining points of the polygon (points "c" through "g" in example below). Lines are drawn between the clicks. 7. To close and fill the polygon, double-click to place the last point in the polygon (point "g" in the example below). This action draws a line from the last point to the first point (point "g" to point "a" in the example below). , or
Example of a Polygon
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Polyline Symbol
A Polyline is a set of line segments that you can draw using the Polyline tool. It uses the current line style attributes. Once you add a Polyline symbol, you may edit it in the same manner as the existing Polygon symbol. You can move or resize the entire symbol, as well as move the individual endpoints to create any desired arrangement.
Draw a Polyline 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Polyline button The mouse pointer changes to the Polyline pointer. 3. Click inside the display where you want the starting point of the first line segment. 4. Drag to the location of the second point to make the first line. Each time you click the mouse button again, a new line is drawn from the location of the previously plotted point to the current location of the mouse pointer. 5. To finish the Polyline drawing, double-click. Press ESC to cancel the line altogether.
Note: Press the Shift key while you draw to create Right Angle Polylines. Similarly, pressing Shift during editing manipulates a point orthogonally in relation to the next endpoint.
Graphic Symbol
In PI ProcessBook you can: Include a graphic file from another application, such as Microsoft Visio or CorelDRAW. Use a drawing or picture as the background for your display, then add symbols to it. This can reduce the amount of time you take to create a drawing. Rotate or flip a picture. Add an illustration to a display, and store it within the display or link it to the original graphic file. (Linking means that if the original graphic is edited or moved, it affects the appearance of the display as well.) Load an image in one file format and later save it in a different format.
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Note: A drawing is display resolution dependent, which means it may look different from one monitor to another. Test the drawing on each monitor to see how it will look.
BMP CUR EMF ICO JPEG PNG SVG TIFF, TIF WMF Windows Bitmap file; standard, non-compressed bit-mapped graphic A file that contains an image that defines the shape of a cursor on the screen. Enhanced Metafile Format; 32-bit Microsoft Windows Metafile vector format that also supports raster images. A file that contains a graphic to be used as an icon. Joint Photographic Experts Group - Refers both to the standard for storing compressed images and a graphic stored in that format. Portable Network Graphics - graphic image format that utilizes lossless compression. Scalable Vector Graphics is a vector graphics language written in XML. Using SVG, graphics can be coded directly into an XML document. Tag Image File Format graphic image. The Windows Metafile Format - the original 16-bit native vector file format for the Microsoft Windows operating environment.
Add a Graphic 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Graphic button Choose Draw > Graphic. The mouse pointer changes to a graphic pointer. 3. Click in the display where you want to add the image and drag the pointer to form a rectangle into which the graphic will be placed. When you release the mouse button, the Define Graphic dialog is displayed. , or
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4. Click the Browse button to locate the graphic drawing. -orIn the File Name box, type the path and file name of the graphic you want to insert. 5. Under Image Location, select: Embed if you want to update the graphic within the display file. Link if you want to store the graphic separately from the display file.
Symbol Library
A large selection of symbols is available in the Symbol Library. Many of these have characteristics such as color, fill type, orientation, or background, which you can modify. On the installation CD, OSIsoft provides several other commonly used symbols in the ProcessBook called SYMLIBRY.PIW. This is usually installed in C:\Program Files\ProcessBook\ProgramFiles\pipc\Procbook\SYMLIBRY.PIW. You can cut and paste these symbols into a display.
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Add a Symbol from the Symbol Library 1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Symbol Library button -orOn the Draw menu, click Symbol Library.The mouse pointer changes to the Symbol Library pointer. 3. Click in the display where you want to add the symbol and drag the pointer to form a rectangle into which the symbol will be placed. When you release the mouse button, the Symbol Library dialog appears. 4. Under Categories, click the type of symbols you want to use, such as Boilers, Controllers, Valves, etc. .
5. Click Options (page 132) to modify your symbol. 6. Click OK to add the symbol to your display. Symbol Library Options 1. In the Symbol Library (page 132) dialog, a selection of symbols is displayed in the right-hand side of the dialog box, click the appropriate symbol, and then click the Options button. -orRight-click the symbol and click Symbol Options. The Symbol Options dialog appears.
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Configure the following options: Fill ModeEdits the way the image is drawn. Options include Original, Shaded, Solid or Hollow. Fill ColorClick the color box to change the fill color. FlipSelect Horizontal, Vertical, or Both to change the orientation of the symbol. The default setting is None. This setting returns the symbol to its original position. RotationSelect 90, 180, or 270 to turn the symbol by 90 degree increments. The default setting is 0. This setting returns the symbol to its original position. TransparentCheck this box if you want a transparent background. Background ColorIf the Transparent check box is not selected, you can click the color box to change the background color.
Note: You can also change the symbol's fill and background color directly on a trend by using the Fill Color and Background Color Symbol Formatting toolbar. buttons on the
2. Click the Defaults button if you want to revert to the default settings. 3. Click OK to accept the changes and return to the Symbol Library (page 132) dialog.
Change the Appearance of a Symbol After you have created a symbol and added it to your display you can modify its appearance by using the buttons on the Symbol Formatting (page 63) toolbar.
Symbol Properties If you right-click a symbol in the Symbol Library, the focus box at the upper left reflects that symbol. A small dialog appears; you can choose either Symbol Options or Properties.
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If you choose Properties, you see a Symbol Properties dialog, which displays the Symbol description, Data size, Type, and Handle information. This information could be used in VBA automation of PI ProcessBook.
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Chapter 8
Open Details Window Choose View > Details to display the Details window. Alternatively, you can select the Show Details and Annotations command from the Context Display Menu.
Details Window Components The Details window (page 135) contains the following components:
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Data SourceThis field allows you to choose a data source, including datasets and PI Tags(by default, the first trace or main data source for the selected symbol is shown). The Show All entry shows data for all the data sources in the selected symbol.
Note: If a dataset or XY Plot symbol returns more than 3,500 values the Show All option is not available. In addition, only the first 3,500 values are displayed. This value can be increased by adding the registry key HKCU\Software\PISystem\PI ProcessBook\DetailsAddin\MaxPoints (type DWORD) and setting it to the maximum number of points desired.
OptionThis field allows you to toggle between three different types of information about your data source. Datashows all rows for a selected symbol's time range. By default the table is sorted on the timestamp column in descending order. Click a heading to resort the table on a different column. Statisticsshows a table of available summary values available, for example, Average, Minimum, Maximum. Selecting this option disables the PI Annotation Maintenance window. Available statistics vary for each symbol type. Point Attributesshows an alphabetized list of PI point attribute values.
Each view option provides the following controls: <Symbol Name>The name of the symbol selected on the display is shown above the data table. Refresh data in all tables. Data shown does not automatically change after a Refresh symbol is first selected. You must use refresh to view any updates in the Details window. Enlarge/Shrink Font number of visible rows. Makes the text size bigger or smaller. This may reduce the
Allows you to copy the data table to your clipboard. You can then Copy to Clipboard paste this data into another location such as a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.
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PI Annotations Maintenance
Annotations allow you to associate related information (such as text comments and other binary data) with any archive value. The PI Annotation Maintenance group at the bottom of the Details window (page 135) allows you to easily annotate values on your dynamic symbols.
The PI Annotation Maintenance group is located at the bottom of the Details window and is enabled so that annotations can be added, edited or viewed, provided that: The selected data source is a PI Tag The target PI Server can read and write annotations A row representing an event is selected in the Data table If the target PI Server (or collective) is unavailable or cannot accept edits from the current user, the control is disabled. If the PI Server becomes unavailable while you are entering an annotation and you then click the Save button, you will receive an error.
Note: If you select Show All from the Data Source drop-down box on the Details (page 135) window, the Value and Value Type fields in the PI Annotation Maintenance group are disabled.
Add Annotations 1. Open the Details (page 135) window 2. In Run mode, select a dynamic symbol on your display. 3. Click inside the Value text box and enter the information you wish displayed in your annotation. 4. Select a value from the Value Type drop-down box. at the top of the PI Annotations Maintenance group. An 5. Click the Save button annotation icon appears on the dynamic symbol. Hover over this icon to read your annotation. A record of the annotation also appears on the Details window when the Data option is selected.
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Note: You need to be running a PI Server 3.4 or higher for annotations to work correctly. Otherwise, it is possible that an annotated event will not only be marked as annotated, but will also be marked as substituted.
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Rotate a Symbol
To select symbols that are stacked on top of each other, click the top symbol. Selection handles appear. Continue clicking the top symbol to select symbols located under the top symbol.
3. Click the symbols you want to change or move. The selected symbols display handles.
Rotate a Symbol
You can rotate a drawing symbol in 15 or 1 increments. You cannot rotate text, graphics, or OLE objects. Symbol Library images can only be rotated in 90 increments. 1. Select the symbol you want to rotate. 2. Choose Arrange > Rotate. A rotation object appears in the center of the symbol. 3. Click a selection handle and drag in the direction that you want to rotate the symbol. The symbol is rotated in 1 increments. -orPress SHIFT while dragging to rotate in 15 increments.
Flip a Symbol
You can create a mirror image of a symbol by flipping it. You cannot flip text, graphics, or OLE objects. 1. Select the symbol you want to flip. 2. Choose Arrange > Flip > Horizontal to flip the symbol from right to left or Vertical to flip the symbol from top to bottom.
Delete a Symbol
When you want to delete a drawing symbol or group of symbols:
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1. Select a symbol or multiple symbols that you want to delete. 2. Press DELETE, -orChoose Edit > Clear.
Stacking Order
Each symbol you add to a drawing occupies its own space in the drawing. The layers, and therefore the symbols, are stacked on top of each other. By default, the first symbol you draw is at the bottom of the stacking order and the last symbol you draw is at the top of the stacking order. Using the stacking commands, you can move a symbol forward or backward within the stack (page 140). Depending on the number of objects between top and bottom, you may need to repeat a stacking command several times to move the symbol to the desired location within the stack.
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3. Click the alignment options you want. All the selected symbols are aligned to the symbol you first selected, along the axis you specify.
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GroupThe symbols combine into one composite symbol with selection handles around the entire group. UngroupThe group is disassembled into its component symbols. RegroupYou do not need to re-select all the components to regroup a previously grouped set of symbols. This command is only enabled when it applies.
Connect Symbols
Connector Symbol
You can connect two symbols to each other using the Connector symbol. The Connector symbol remains attached to each of the connected symbols whenever one or both are moved. The advantage of using a Connector, rather than a line, is that the Connector remains attached to other symbols when you move the other symbols and avoids overlapping other symbols. The Connector is intended for modeling and automation purposes. Connection Points on each symbol define where the connection occurs. Connection Points can be added, deleted, or moved on a symbol. Connectors try to avoid objects as they are being connected between two symbols. The Connector symbol is supported by automation within PI ProcessBook.
Connect Two Symbols As Connectors are drawn, they are orthogonal to the display, meaning that they go horizontally or vertically. There are no diagonal connectors. Each end of a Connector attaches to a Connection Point on another symbol. If you have not already created a Connection Point on this symbol, a Connection Point is built automatically as you draw the Connector across a bounding line of the symbol. Connectors and Connection Points have unique numbers to help you manipulate them in the Connectors dialog box. You can open the Connectors dialog once you draw a Connector; even if it is not attached to any symbols. Do not manipulate Connectors by dragging and dropping them. Use the Connectors dialog to rearrange them. Follow these steps to connect two existing symbols on a display: 1. Click the Connector button -orChoose Draw > Connector. .
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2. Click on the first symbol, called the "Source," and drag the mouse into the second symbol, called the "Destination." The Connector arrow has a flow direction from the Source to the Destination. Connection Points appear on both symbols.
Note: If your mouse does not touch a symbol, you do not see a Connection Point. Do not adjust the Connector manually. If you do not see Connection Points on both symbols, delete the Connector and draw it again.
Attach a Symbol to a Connector You can attach a symbol, such as a text box or a meter, to a Connector. Attaching is different from Connecting. An attached symbol moves with a connector but does not account for flow direction.
Note: To remove an attached symbol from a connector, click the symbol and drag it away from the connector.
Connection Points
Connection points on each symbol define where a Connector may connect. Connection Points are visible in Build mode only and appear on symbols as small x marks. When you select one with your cursor, it changes to an x within a bounding circle. ProcessBook symbols are originally built without Connection Points. A Connection Point is created automatically when a Connector is dragged into a symbol. This Point is created at the midpoint of the nearest edge of the bounding rectangle of the symbol. The end of the Connector is moved to the Connection Point. You may add Connection Points and move them to specific locations. A Connection Point can be used for either the start of the flow or the end of a flow. The same Connection Point can be used for both. A flow can be bi-directional. If a second Connector is dragged over a symbol, it either moves to the existing Connection Point or creates a new one. For irregular figures, Connection Points are placed near the midpoint of the side of the bounding rectangle of the figure, as shown in the illustration below, rather than inside the figure itself. You can adjust the position of the Connection Point to touch the actual figure.
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Note: If a symbol is placed in front of another, the Connection Points on the hidden symbol cannot be selected. You can solve this problem by placing the two symbols on different layers of the display.
Add Connection Points If you want an additional Connection Point, you can add it as follows: 1. In Build mode, select the symbol. 2. Choose Edit > Connection Points > Add. A point appears at the upper left of the symbol. 3. If you wish, drag the new Connection Point to a different location.
Select among Multiple Connection Points on One Symbol After you select one Connection Point, you can press C on the keyboard to cycle through any additional Connection Points on that symbol. Delete Connection Points To delete a Connection Point from a symbol: 1. Select the Connection Point. 2. Choose Edit > Connection Points > Delete. Move Connection Points Connection Points may be moved to a new position within a symbol. To do this, click on a Connection Point in Build mode and drag it. For very fine adjustments, you can move Connection Points on a symbol. 1. In Build mode, click on a connection point. 2. Choose Edit > Connection Points > Move. The Connection Point Placement dialog appears, where you can edit the width and height ratios in comparison to the X and Y axes of the symbol.
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Determine the Identifying Number of a Connection Point In Build mode, if you place your mouse over a Connection Point, a tooltip shows you the Connection Point number. The following illustration refers to Connection Point 2 on Rectangle 1. These Connection Point numbers are used on the Connectors Dialog Flow tab (page 145).
In other words, Connection Points have identifying names that are derived from the symbol name. For example, for a rectangle named Rectangle2, two Connection Points would be named <Rectangle3 : 1> and <Rectangle 3 : 2>. If you are using a symbol from the Symbol Library, the Connection Point is named <TBSymbolx : n>, where TBSymbolx represents the specific name of the symbol.
Connectors Dialog
In Build mode, if you wish to adjust a Connector's end point, you might click and drag the end point. Unfortunately, this action stops the auto-avoidance capability of the Connector. Alternatively, you can use the Connectors dialog to rearrange connections. To reach this dialog: Click the Connectors toolbar button, -orChoose Edit > Connectivity, -orOn the right-click menu, click Connectivity. The Connectors dialog affects Connector symbols only. It cannot be used to attach one symbol to another symbol without a Connector. The Connectors dialog has two tabs, Flow and Attachments. Each Connector is identified by a unique number, which is revealed by a tooltip in your display.
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Connectors Dialog, Flow Tab The Connectors Dialog, Flow tab specifies the source and destination of each Connector from one symbol's Connection Point to another symbol's Connection Point. The dialog is available whenever a Connector exists on a display. The Flow tab shows two tree diagrams, Source and Destination, where you can change the Connection Points for the Connector shown in the Connector drop-down box. There is also a Flow Direction drop-down box associated with the Connector that appears in the Connector drop-down box. Each Connector and each Connection Point are numbered.
Note: Use the tooltip on the display to identify the Connector(s) and Connection Point(s) you wish to rearrange before you open the Connectors dialog.
The Auto Avoid option is checked as a default, so that Connectors route around other objects in the display.
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Connect Symbols
Configure the Flow Tab 1. In Build mode, open the Connectors dialog (page 145). The Flow tab is in focus. 2. In the Connector drop-down box, select a Connector. Connectors are numbered; you can find a tooltip on the display to identify each one. In the Source and Destination boxes, you will see highlights for the current Connection Points for that Connector. 3. Modify the Flow Direction if you wish. 4. Click a new Connection Point on the Source tree to change the Source Connection Point. 5. Click a Connection Point on the Destination tree to change the Destination Connection Point. 6. Click Apply. This changes the display. 7. Repeat these steps for all Connectors on the display that you wish to modify. 8. Click OK. If the display is satisfactory, save it.
Connectors Dialog, Attachments Tab For very complex displays, it may be helpful to attach or arrange Connector Attachments through the Connectors Dialog, Attachments tab. (The Attachments tab does not include Connectors or symbols attached to other symbols.) If you do not check the Enable
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Connector Attachments on the Display Properties dialog, discussed above, you can still attach symbols to Connectors by using this dialog.
Configure the Attachments Tab 1. In Build mode, create a Connector (page 142). Notice its number in the tooltip. 2. Create the auxiliary symbol to be added to the Connector. 3. Open the Connectors dialog (page 145), and select the Attachments tab. 4. Choose a Connector from the numbered list in the drop-down box at the top. 5. After you select a Connector, unattached symbols on the display are listed in the Symbols box. Symbols that are already attached to the Connector appear in the Currently Attached box. Existing Source and Destination symbols that are connected to Connectors are not listed. 6. Highlight a symbol in the Symbols box that you want to add and click Add. The symbol now appears in the Currently Attached Box. 7. Adjust the position and placement of the attached symbol as needed. To move the symbol closer to one end of the Connector, double-click the specified % and change it. To move the symbol from the top of the Connector to another placement, doubleclick the default Top and choose Left, Right, or Bottom.
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Connect Symbols
8. Click Apply and select another Connector to adjust. 9. If you need to remove an attachment, highlight the attachment in the Currently Attached box and click Remove. 10. When you are finished adjusting, click OK.
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3. Select the Master Symbol. As you change the Master, the title of the dialog changes also. 4. Place a check mark for the subordinate symbol or symbols and click OK. 5. Repeat the process for each Master symbol. The Detach All bar at the top can be used to remove all attachments from the currently selected symbol in the Master box. To detach only one attachment, clear its check box. 6. Click OK. When you move a Master symbol, any subordinates move with it.
Note: There are two other routes to the Symbol Attachments dialog. Choose Edit > Symbol Attachments, or, on the right-click menu, click Symbol Attachments.
Move Attached Symbols Independently Click and drag an attached symbol that is not the Master Symbol to move the symbol independently without affecting the position of the Master Symbol.
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Item Definition
If there are existing Connectors, all Connectors with attached symbols for this symbol are spotlighted and display in a different color (for example, white for black or yellow for blue). If there are no Connectors, nothing happens.
Rerouting can consume significant system resources (CPU and Memory) to solve complex problems. Factors that can increase complexity include: A very large display Large numbers of Connectors on a single display Large numbers of symbols to be avoided A high number of "Lines per Screen Unit" (set in "Arrange", "Grid Size", "Lines per Screen Unit"1 equals the largest cell size; 30 gives the smallest cell size) Routing multiple displays on the same PC
Item Definition
Use the Item Definition button in either Build or Run mode when you want to see what tags and formatting options were used in any symbol that uses a dialog box for basic configuration. It is the same as double-clicking on the item with the Build mode pointer. If the symbol does not have a definition dialog box, the button is dimmed. You can change the selections and save the new definition. This button does not open any of the formatting dialogs (for example, Font or Color).
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3. In the appropriate dialog box, make your changes to the item's definition, and then click OK. These changes are saved with the symbol. These changes are saved with the symbol.
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For troubleshooting purposes, the Message Log button shows you the SDK Log file. You can save this report as a .csv file by using the Save to File button.
Note: The Status Bar can be displayed or hidden from the View Status Bar item on the View menu.
If you clear the Show Value Attributes check box in your Start Preferences, you will not see these icons. You might disable the icons to improve ProcessBook performance if you have very high speed sub-second data.
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Chapter 9
Data Sets
In PI ProcessBook you can build dynamic symbols using data retrieved from data sets just as you can from specific points in the PI Data Archive. A data set is basically the set of results of a query that addresses a specific data source. You can use placeholders to link PI tags and ODBC data within a query. Data sets are defined at the Book level so that they can be defined once and then shared among different displays within that ProcessBook. Trends including data sets can be manipulated, saved, moved, and copied in the same fashion as other trends. Whenever a display is updated, if a trace or value using a data set is configured using relative times, then the trace or value is updated. No updates occur if the data set is configured using absolute times. For independent displays, the data set definition is saved with the display file. You can edit an existing data set, either from the Tools menu or from a symbol that uses the data set. However, if you have attached the data set to more than one symbol, editing the data set affects all the symbols. If you move a PI ProcessBook display containing a data set to another machine, you may need to reconfigure the data set.
Three types of data sets are available to provide data to displays: PI Calculation (page 156) data sets (including PI Expression and PI Summary data sets) from PI Universal Data Server equations. ODBC (page 160) (Open Database Connectivity) data sets obtained from a relational database. ODBC client capability means that without writing vendor-specific code, you can access data from certain relational databases outside the PI System and include that data in your PI ProcessBook displays. The outside data source must be ODBC-compliant; for example, it must provide an ODBC Driver. An outside ODBC data source might
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Data Sets
include laboratory results, cost tables, or other sets of information that can be obtained through SQL queries. Since access to ODBC sources is configured on a particular computer, moving a display file that uses an ODBC data set may require the data source to be configured on the new computer. Custom (page 159) data sets built as COM objects supplied by Visual Basic or C++ programs as Add-Ins to PI ProcessBook.
These functions are fully described in the Performance Equations chapter of the PI Server Reference Manual. PI Expression Data Sets PI Expression Data Sets enable you to create your own function or expression in PI Performance Equation syntax. These expressions can include tag variables with mathematical and logical operations as described in the Performance Equations chapter of the PI Server Reference Manual. This syntax is also documented on the OSIsoft Technical Support Web site, http://techsupport.osisoft.com (http://techsupport.osisoft.com), under the hierarchy Support > Downloads > Documentation for the PI Server.
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3. Enter values for the following fields: ServerSelect a PI Server. NameEnter a name for your data set. The name must be unique for the current .piw or .pdi file.
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Data Sets
PI Tag or ExpressionEnter a tag name or a PI expression. Use the Tag Search (page 61) button to search for PI Tags. If you choose to type an expression, be sure to use PI Performance Equations syntax, such as one of these:
sinusoid * 2 (cdt158+sinusoid)/2 log(cdt158) ((sinusoid) tagzero (sinusoid))/tagspan(sinusoid)
DescriptionThis description appears on trends of this data set in the tag descriptors area. Calculation IntervalThe interval (minutes, hours, days) for the calculation. Interval Sync TimeThis is the absolute time of day at which the periodic calculations are done. For example, if the Interval Sync Time box is set to 12:00:24 PM and the time in the Refresh Interval box is set to ten minutes, then the calculation for each period is executed at the following times: 12:10:24, 12:20:24, 12:30:34, etc. Value Column NameThe name that represents the time-value pairs of the calculated data. Refresh IntervalThe interval at which you want to automatically update the data set. You can also type a number between 0 and 999. If you select 0, data is not automatically updated. Stepped PlotSelected by default. Clear the check box if you want a point-to-point plot.
4. Click OK to save your changes. The data set name must be unique for the current .piw or .pdi file. The node name and tag name must be valid. The interval must be a valid PI time. The sync time must be a valid PI time.
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1:07:00 8 1:08:00 9 1:09:00 10 1:10:00 11 The calculated value for the AVG, STDEV, and PCTGOOD functions includes the tag value at the lower interval boundary time and excludes the tag value at the upper interval boundary time. For the example above, the tag value "10" at time 1:09:00 is excluded in the function calculation, therefore the calculated value for AVG is 4.5 and the calculated value for STDEV is 2.872281. The calculated value for the MIN, MAX and RANGE functions includes the tag value of both the lower and upper interval boundary times. For the example above, the calculated value for MIN is 1, the calculated value for MAX is 11 and the calculated value for RANGE is 12.
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Data Sets
data could be a data store (like MS SQL Server) or a data calculation engine. PI ProcessBook will request updates to the data every few seconds and adjust its display accordingly. Before you can access custom data sets in a display, the Data Set Add-In must be installed through the Add-In Manager (page 25) dialog. Later, as you build a display, you select the data set and column to be used for a symbol on a display through the symbol definition dialogs. Building a custom data set is beyond the scope of this user guide. It is discussed in Creating a Custom Data Set, a white paper supplied with the PI ProcessBook software CD and also available through the OSIsoft Web site.
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3. In the Name box, type a name for the data set. 4. In the Description box, type a description if you like. This is displayed in the Description legend for the trace, if configured. 5. In the Refresh Interval list, click the interval at which you want to automatically update the data set. -orType a number between 0 and 999.
Note: The default for the Refresh Interval list is zero minutes. This means the data set will only refresh when the trace is first drawn or when you click the Revert Time Ranges button on the standard toolbar. If a tag placeholder is used, the Refresh Interval box list is disabled.
6. From the Data Source drop-down list, click the appropriate ODBC data source. If you do not already have an ODBC Data Source configured on your computer (using the Control Panel), click the Setup button to create or modify one. 7. Click the Design button. The Microsoft Query application is displayed.
Note: If Microsoft Query is not installed, then the Design button is disabled. You can key in the query manually. You can also copy and paste a query from another query building tool.
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Data Sets
9. Click OK to return to the ODBC Data dialog box. To verify if the query can be understood by the ODBC data source, click the Check Syntax button. 10. Click OK. 11. If you want to use placeholders in the query, enter the appropriate WHERE clause and click the Placeholders button. Placeholders are defined in the order in which they are encountered in the SQL statement. Clicking the Placeholders button causes the syntax of the query to be checked. If the syntax is not valid, the invalid query message is displayed. 12. Click OK.
Placeholders
A Placeholder in an SQL query identifies a value that is to be provided when the query is run. You can validate a query before the actual values are provided. The standard SQL placeholder character is ?. Placeholders are numbered in their order of appearance, from left to right, in the query statement. For example, the following query statement has two placeholders, one for a text string for a sample ID and the other for a sample time. Select value, sample_time from Lab_data where sample_ID=? and sample_time>? PI ProcessBook allows placeholders in queries. You may provide text, start, or end times, or tag values as substitutes for placeholders.
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Placeholders
In this example, the values of the tag in the PI System that records the current product code are retrieved. The result set of the ODBC query is built by executing the query once for each placeholder value. In the case of this example, that would be one query execution for each product code found between the start and end times.
1. In the Placeholder Name box, select the parameter you want to configured. The parameters are in the same order as found in the data set query. The list is limited to the number of parameters found in the query.
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Data Sets
2. In the Placeholder Properties group, select the Type for the selected parameter. There are four possible types, Text, PI Tag, Start Time, and End Time. You can optionally change the name of the placeholder to make its purpose clear. 3. Selecting a type transforms the dialog to allow you to enter the settings for the selected type, if any. If the query uses: Text inputType the replacement text value in the Text field. Tag valuesType a node ID and tag name or click the Tag Search button to open the Tag Search dialog. Start and/or end timesNo additional configuration is used.
4. Click the Set button. 5. To configure another parameter, select it and repeat the previous steps. 6. Click OK.
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3. Click in the display where you want to add the trend and drag the pointer to form a rectangle into which the trend will be placed. 4. When you release the mouse button, the Define Trend (page 80) dialog appears. 5. Click the Tag Search arrow, and then click PI Calculation. 6. The PI Calculation Data dialog appears.
Note: If you want to display the ODBC Data dialog instead of the PI Calculation Data dialog, then click the Tag Search arrow, and then select ODBC.
7. Under Saved Data Sets, click the data set you want to add to the trend. 8. Under Data Set Columns, select a column(s) to be plotted in the trend (use the SHIFT or CTRL keys to select more than one column).
9. Click OK.
Note: Until you select a data set and at least one column, the OK button is dimmed.
10. The selected data set/column(s) is now listed under Tags in Plot in the Define Trend dialog. Select tags as desired and format the trend. If you wish to see or edit the
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Data Sets
definitions of placeholders, click the Custom Placeholders button in the Define Trend dialog. 11. Click OK. Data displays on the trend.
Note: If you select the Description check box, on the Display Format tab in the Define Trend dialog, then the description of the data set is taken from the PI Calculation Data dialog and repeated for each column that is plotted. There are usually no engineering units for a data set column.
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If the Design button is enabled, then: 1. Click the Design button. An instance of Microsoft Query is started using the current data source and query. 2. Edit the data set in the MS Query environment. 3. Choose File > Return to ProcBook when you are finished.
Note: Microsoft Query cannot edit query statements that contain placeholders.
If the Design button is disabled, then: If Microsoft Query is not installed, the Design button is disabled; however, you can type the query in the query text box. You can also copy and paste a query from another query building tool.
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Data Sets
1. Add or edit the appropriate WHERE clause in the query to edit a placeholder data set or existing placeholders (question marks represent placeholders in the query statement). 2. Click the Placeholders button. This action causes the syntax of the query to be checked. 3. If the syntax is valid, then the Placeholders dialog displays with the current placeholders. If the syntax is invalid, then an invalid query message is displayed. 4. Click the Check Syntax button, to complete a syntax check of your query. The status of the query is returned. 5. When you have finished modifying the data set, click OK. If the data set is in use in a display, the Confirm Data Set Modification dialog displays. 6. If you wish to proceed, click Continue. The Data Sets dialog appears. 7. Select the column(s) to be used and click OK to return to the dialog.
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5. From the To Open Workbook drop-down list, select the correct target, and then click OK.
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Chapter 10
For more information on how to write Visual Basic scripts for use with PI ProcessBook, click Help > PI Processbook VBA Language Reference.
Embedded Objects
Embedded objects are copied from an existing file or created and then stored as an integral part of the container application, such as PI ProcessBook. Using an embedded object increases the file size of a ProcessBook significantly. Formats not natively supported by PI ProcessBook, such as Windows metafiles, can now be pasted from the Windows clipboard as objects in a ProcessBook display. To change the contents of an embedded file, double-click it. The source application software is invoked, and you can edit the object with the source application's commands. ProcessBook is a time-based application. When ProcessBook is used as an embedded object, it updates dynamically whenever you double-click it. If you rename a ProcessBook or move it to another directory, drive, or PC, any embedded objects in displays can still be changed as long as your system can locate the appropriate source application software.
Linked Objects
Linked object information is not stored as a part of the destination application. Instead, the destination file stores only the location of the linked source file. No matter how many links it has, only one version of the linked file is stored and maintained. Using a linked file increases the file size of a ProcessBook less than using an embedded object. In establishing an OLE link, you may update the: Contents of the object dynamically whenever the source file changes Update the object only by manual command To change the data in a linked file, such as which tags you have selected, you switch to the source application and open the file. Changes are then reflected in the container display according to the update method you selected. Alternatively, if you double-click the object, the source application and the actual file open, allowing you to edit the object. If the source application supports in-place activation, you can edit within the container window; otherwise a source application window opens.
If you rename a ProcessBook or move it to another directory, drive, or PC, any links from displays to source files can break. These broken links need to be re-established if you wish to continue using them.
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ActiveX Controls
ActiveX Controls
You can insert ActiveX controls that are installed on your PC into PI ProcessBook displays. If you move the displays to other machines, then you must also install the controls there. Some ActiveX controls are self-contained and will work without further scripting. Most require additional VBA code before they function correctly.
Add a Control
1. In Build mode, open a display. 2. On the Drawing toolbar, click the Control button Choose Draw > Control. The mouse pointer changes to a control pointer. 3. Click in the display where you want to add the control and drag the pointer to form a rectangle into which the control will be placed. When you release the mouse button, the Insert Control dialog appears. 4. Under Controls, click the appropriate control, and then click OK. For example, if you add a calendar control to a display, it might look like this: , or
In Run mode, a user could change the month and date. A programmer could incorporate the calendar into scripts associated with the display.
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The equipment parts list is stored with the ProcessBook display. If your PC has an installed copy of MSWord, you can peruse or modify the list at any time simply by double-clicking it. The lab results are stored by the source application, not in the ProcessBook display. The display can be set to update lab data dynamically whenever the results in the source application changed, or it can be set to update lab data when you click an Update Now button on the Edit Links dialog.
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Embedding in ProcessBook
Embedding in ProcessBook
Objects may be created within a PI ProcessBook display by the source application and then stored as embedded objects. Alternatively, you may create objects from existing files or parts of files. In addition, you can embed an object by dragging it from another application. Unless you are using drag and drop embedding, you must be in Build mode in order to insert a new object. Choose Insert > Object to launch the Insert Object dialog.
Note: If you want to display an icon rather than a graphic, select the Display as Icon check box.
5. Click OK. The object appears on your display. 6. Adjust the size and positioning of the object. 7. Commands for the source application are available on the menus. Create the contents of the new object and click elsewhere on the display to return to ProcessBook. 8. Save the display.
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7. Click OK. The object appears on your display. 8. Adjust the size and positioning of the object.
4. Choose one of the following options: Select ManualUpdates the linked data manually Click Update NowUpdates the linked data immediately Click Open SourceEdits the linked data Click Break LinkPermanently breaks the link. The object is converted to a picture (metafile).
5. Click OK.
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In addition, you can reach the source application through the Links dialog. 1. Choose Edit > Links. The Links dialog appears. 2. Click the appropriate link. 3. Click the Open Source button to open the source file.
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If The source application permits in-place activation, menus and commands for the source application appear on your screen, temporarily replacing ProcessBook menus. The source application does not permit in-place activation, a new window containing the source application appears.
Then Edit the object. Save it if it is a linked file. Click elsewhere on the display to return to ProcessBook or press the ESC key. Edit the object. Save it if it is a linked file. Close the window and return to ProcessBook.
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4. Select the Display As Icon check box 5. Click OK. The object switches from a graphic to an icon.
Note: To switch from an icon to a graphic, clear the Display as Icon check box.
6. To select the icon to use, click the Change Icon button. The Change Icon dialog appears.
If you want to return to the default icon, then select Default. If you want to select a new icon from the available group, select From File and choose a new icon. If you want to select a new file to provide the icon, click the Browse button. If you want to change the name of the label that displays beneath the icon, then type the new name in the Label box.
7. Click OK to return to the Convert dialog. 8. In the Convert dialog box, click OK.
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3. On the Create New tab, under Object type, click PI Display Document.
Note: If you want to display an icon rather than a graphic, select the Display as icon check box.
OLE Container/Server
A ProcessBook display may be shown in another application. For example, you could include an updating trend in an incident report produced in a word processing application such as Microsoft Word. Or, you could prepare a presentation for a group by using Microsoft PowerPoint to prepare slides and including embedded displays from PI ProcessBook. To do this, use the Insert Object command in the second application and insert an object of type PI Display Document.
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Appendix A
VBA Commands
Access VBA through the VBA toolbar, or by choosing Tools > Macro:
Visual Basic Editor Run Macros Design Mode Switches to VBA Editor window Opens the Macros dialog, which provides a way to select, debug, and run existing VBA scripts Stops any scripts that may be running or may start running. Useful for debugging
ActiveX Automation
ActiveX Automation refers to the technology of placing ActiveX controls (independent software modules) within applications and using scripts to manipulate the application and/or the controls.
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Write a VB program to start PI ProcessBook, access a particular display, and then alter it in some way. Click on a command button in ProcessBook to make an Excel spreadsheet show the average and raw data of the current trend in ProcessBook. Then you change the time range of the ProcessBook, click the button again, and see the Excel spreadsheet update with the new time range. Use a mouse click within a PI ProcessBook display to initiate updates or adjustments in the display. Update a PI ProcessBook display by typing new tag names into a spreadsheet. Although Automation scripts are not required to use a dialect of Visual Basic, at the present time, that is the most common approach.
Automation Vocabulary
Understanding OLE automation requires some technical vocabulary. Terms used in the PI ProcessBook VBA Language Reference Guide are defined below.
Automation ActiveX Automation Server ActiveX Automation Container Object Property Method Event Accessing an object in an application and changing it or using it without using the user interface. The application that provides data. PI ProcessBook is an OLE Automation Server. It provides access to its internal objects from other applications. The application that initiates changes through scripts. PI ProcessBook is an Automation container, as are Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Access, and a few other commercial products. A specific item that may be manipulated by a script. For example, a ProcessBook, a display, or a symbol may be the object of a VB or VBA script. An attribute of an object. An object with read-write properties can have variable information assigned to it by the script. A read-only property cannot be changed. An action that can be performed on an object and may or may not return a value. Sometimes called a function. A procedure that executes whenever a particular action occurs, such as a mouse click.
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Appendix B
ODBC
ODBC Driver Manager
PI ProcessBook sends queries to a standardized interface from Microsoft called the ODBC Driver Manager. The Driver Manager forwards ODBC queries to appropriate vendorprovided Drivers, which access the outside databases and return the requested data to your ProcessBook display.
ODBC Drivers
Each DBMS (database management system), such as Microsoft SQL Server, requires a specific ODBC Driver, provided by the vendor of the DBMS or a third party. Each driver is a Dynamic Link Library (.dll) that implements a set of subroutine calls to retrieve data from a particular database. The Microsoft ODBC Driver Manager is included as a part of PI ProcessBook installation.
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ODBC
bar. The SQL needed to retrieve data for PI ProcessBook can be configured once and used by many displays and symbols. PI ProcessBook must return a time and value pair(s) for display within a symbol (trend, value, or bar). Placeholders act as parameters to an SQL function call. They are evaluated at run time. Placeholders can take three forms: text, start/end times, or a PI tag name. Use the start and end time placeholders when the time limits of the query should be determined from the trend symbol where the query is used. The PI tag name placeholder can be used to join PI data with relational database data. A PI Value is retrieved for the PI tag and then substituted into the query. Using ODBC requires that you install the Microsoft ODBC Driver Manager and drivers (most operating systems already have the Driver Manager and some standard drivers installed). You must then configure data sources (page 187) for ProcessBook and define individual queries, called data sets.
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ODBC
4. When you have completed configuring the data source, click OK to return to the Microsoft ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog.
Note: To create data sources for any user of the computer, use the System DSN tab instead of the User DSN tab.
An ODBC data set is created with a set of default placeholders. When it is attached to a specific symbol, the query's placeholders can be customized for that symbol, without affecting the placeholders defined for other symbols using that data set. For example, you can create a query for a database of laboratory data using a text placeholder for the sample name. You can then use a different sample name for every trend, bar, or value, rather than defining a new data set query for each sample name.
ODBC
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Appendix C
Troubleshooting Tips
Display Can't Find Data
When a display does not receive data, the problem may be one of the following: The network is down. A display has been moved from one PC to another and Node Identifiers to the Server(s) need to be re-established through the Connections dialog (page 9). An ODBC Data Source may have been altered, causing the dataset to fail to return data. An ODBC database might have been restructured, invalidating your dataset.
Is an XYPlot Updating?
When an XYPlot is updating, the updating tags are shown with an arrow indicator in the legend. An XYPlot is updating if the following conditions exist:
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Troubleshooting Tips
The end time for the X tag is indicated as the current time (by using *) or is in the future (*+N) At least one of the Y tag end times is indicated as the current time (by using *) or is in the future (*+N) and is not synchronized or matched with the X tag (if X is not updating). If both the X tag and the Y tag are updating, an arrow indicator is shown in each legend entry. Updates for retrieval methods Recorded and Interpolated are received from an event pipe that provides the application with snapshot values. For this reason, when a tag is using recorded values, you may see many more values while the plot is updating than are actually recorded. Once the plot is regenerated or reverted, only recorded values are shown. When using the interpolated retrieval method, values on the plot are interpolated using the snapshots coming in through the event pipe.
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ODBC Problems
ODBC Problems
Missing ODBC Trace
If no values are found for one of the selected columns in a query, the trace will not be drawn and the value in the legend reads No Data. If the necessary time value is not defined in the query, either by a date/time column or by a placeholder tag, the trace is drawn as a straight line using one value.
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Appendix D
NNNNNN is the node name of the PC. This may be a number, depending on whether the PC node is defined in the network database on the VAX or Alpha. SSSS is the first four characters of your user name from the PI ProcessBook login dialog box or "Book" if you leave the user name field blank. IIII is the process ID of the PI ProcessBook process, which is always E. There is also a log file in the PISysExe: directory for each PI ProcessBook connection. For DECNet connections, this log file is NetServer.LOG. For TCP/IP connections, the name is xxxPIServer.LOG where xxx depends on the vendor of the VMS TCP/IP software. PI Server connections are managed through the PI-SDK on the machine running PI ProcessBook.
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DEFAULT=PI [CLIENTACCESS] DEFAULT=RW DYAN=R ERIC=R JOHN=NONE The above entries in piserver.dat result in: The machines named DYAN and ERIC have only read access to PI data. The machine named JOHN does not have any access to PI data. All other machines have both read and write access to PI. The value for the DEFAULT entry is initially set to RW. Otherwise, existing PINet nodes will not function properly. If you want to restrict write access from PCs, set the default CLIENTACCESS to R and add entries to accommodate your PINet Nodes. For example: [USERDATABASE] DEFAULT=PI CLIENTACCESS DEFAULT=R BRIAN=RW The preceding entry allows the PINet node BRIAN to read and to write data to the PI System. All other nodes have read- only access. TCP/IP node names are case-sensitive. In addition, the values for the entries in the CLIENTACCESS section (for example, R and W) are also case-sensitive.
Machine Address
Because PI ProcessBook is a client/server application, the communication setup is essential. The machine address, which allows the PI System to recognize your machine, is a key item. Often, the address may be found as an alias in the TCP host file. The Network Administrator should resolve any questions or difficulties regarding the network and addressing.
PROCBOOK.INI
The PROCBOOK.INI file contains configuration and preference settings for PI ProcessBook. This file generally resides in two places, the user's default location, C:\Documents and Settings\<user name>\Application Data\PISystem\PIProcessBook\<language>, and the PIPC\DAT directory (on the local drive where PI ProcessBook is installed).
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PROCBOOK.INI
When PI ProcessBook is installed on an individual PC using SETUP.EXE, the procbook.ini file in PIPC\DAT is created. The file in C:\Documents and Settings\<user name>\Application Data\PISystem\PI-ProcessBook is only created once settings are changed in the PI ProcessBook Preferences dialog for the first time. The values in C:\Documents and Settings\<user name>\Application Data\PISystem\PI-ProcessBook\language override the values in PIPC\DAT unless an administrator creates Registry entries to override user-specific settings. The following is a list and brief explanation of the most significant sections and keywords in the PROCBOOK.INI file. The settings used are examples and not necessarily the default values.
Startup Section
Initializations for startup of PI Processbook Possible entries: StartupProcessBookSpecifies file to be opened on start of Processbook DefaultFileLocationBy default, clicking File > Open directs you to the local user's My Documents directory. Specifying a different directory in this entry defaults File > Open and File > Save to a new folder when ProcessBook starts. ModeBiasR=run-mode, B=build-mode RetainAspectRatio1=preserve aspect ratio for displays, 0=do not Symbol LibrarySpecifies workbook that is opened by selecting Book of Symbols MakeBackupFile1=make backup files while using ProcessBook, 0=do not make backup files AuthorSets the default author for created displays and workbooks ToolTipsEnabledSetting this entry equal to Y enables tool tips on ProcessBook symbols. Setting equal to N disables them. The default (if this entry is not in the .ini file) is Y. International Date FormatSpecifies date/time format. 1=Windows format, 0=PI Time format PromptForConversion1=prompt user when opening a file created with an earlier version, asking whether or not to convert to new format, 0=do not prompt (default) MaxUndoStackSizeMaximum number of elements in the Undo stack (default is 200) Build/Run Scroll ModeFor each mode, set the scrolling: 0=off, 1=on, 2=automatic. GridSizeSets the Grid Size, in lines per screen unit. Default is 12. File Access EntriesFileAccessTimeout and FileAccessInterval entries, described below, first check the common INI file for these settings as opposed to the private INI files. FileAccessTimeoutNumber of seconds ProcessBook will attempt to open a locked file (default is 5 seconds)
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FileAccessIntervalNumber of intervals, in tenths of seconds, between attempts to open a locked file (default is 1/10 of a second) COMTimeOutThis is the number of seconds that the ProcessBook container will wait before showing a timeout dialog. The default is 30 seconds. RunSelectorColorRed, Green, Blue, values can range from 0 to 255, sets the color of the selector rectangle in run mode. MacroProtectionLevelSpecifies how ProcessBook handles macros per display. Possible settings: Level 0No macro protection (default if entry is not defined) Level 1Prompts user to disable macros when VBA code is opened Level 2Prompts user as in Level 1, except when macros are disabled, VBA code is opened and locked in design mode Level 5Same as Level 1, except no dialog appears when display is opened (can toggle between run and design modes) Level 6Same as Level 2, except no dialog appears when display is opened (locked in design mode) Toolbar Configuration EntriesTypically the toolbar INI file (PBToolbarConfig.ini) is generated by ProcessBook in the same folder as the private PROCBOOK.INI file, and is persisted there. However, you can assign toolbar configurations to other INI files by setting the entries below (in order of precedence, from first to last): TBFilePathLocation and filename that the user's toolbar configuration data will be persisted (this file must have both read and write access). This will also be the first location looked for when loading the toolbar configuration. UserDefaultTBRead-only location and filename of a toolbar configuration that is searched for, when the file in TBFilePath is not found. This could be a default company, or group, configuration. PBDefaultTBRead-only location and filename of a toolbar configuration, used only when the two entries above are not found, and there is no toolbar configuration data persisted in the Windows registry. SymbolDLLsFilenames of additional add-in libraries to load when starting ProcessBook (such as SQC.DLL or BTREND32.DLL). These entries are automatically added when these components are installed. ReferencesFilenames or paths to VBA references, separated by semicolons (;) URL HomeSpecifies the website navigated to when a user clicks the ProcessBook icon in the Help\About box. Default link is to the OSIsoft Website (http://www.osisoft.com/) MaxBitmapMBMaximum file size (in megabytes) that bitmap images may be loaded in displays. If embedded bitmaps are larger than the specified maximum, ProcessBook scales the images down to lower resolutions. The current default maximum is 16.0 MB. ServerTimeZone1=Show times and time spans based on the time zone of the server where the tags originate, 0=Show times and time spans based on the time zone of the local machine. 1 is the default.
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PROCBOOK.INI
ProcessBookSetting this value equal to PRIMARY allows users on a network to view ProcessBooks, but not change them. The user will have access to the Standard toolbar, including trend displays, but cannot save an ad hoc display. EnableScreenSaverIndicates if the platform's screen saver should be displayed while ProcessBook is running. A value of 1 means that the screen saver should be enabled and appear if it is defined at the platform level. A value of 0 means that the screen saver should not appear while ProcessBook is running, even if the screen saver is enabled at the platform level. The default value is 1. If this entry is not in procbook.ini, the code will assume a value of 1. ConnectUsingAPI0 = (default)do not connect on startup using the PI API, only use the PI SDK. 1 = connect using the PI API (and the PI SDK). This is used to support legacy VBA code in displays/add-ins. Show Value AttributesIndicates if values attributes (substituted, questionable, annotations) should be shown for tags. 1 = Yes (default setting) 0 = No PB2TraceCompatibilityIndicates if all snapshot values should be retained for trends. 1 = Yes (default setting). Do not use archive event pipe. 0 = No - Use snapshot value filtering/removal logic and use archive event pipe. EnableConnectorAttachmentscontrols whether symbols drag and dropped on top of a connector are made into connector attachments 1 = true - allow 0 = false - do not allow ConnectorsAvoidConnectorscontrols if connectors are treated as obstacles to be avoided when performing object avoidance 1 = true - connectors are avoided in object avoidance 0 = false - connectors are not avoided in object avoidance AutoEnableScriptingwhen set to True, new dynamic symbols will be automatically enabled ; for scripting as is the current PI ProcessBook behavior. If set to False, new dynamic ; symbols will not be automatically enabled for scripting. Startup Example
[Startup] Startup ProcessBook=PIDEMO30.PIW DefaultFileLocation="C:\Program Files\PIPC\Procbook" ModeBias=R Retain Aspect Ratio=0 Symbol Library=SYMLIBRY.PIW PromptForConversion=[PB_PROMPTFORCONVERSION] Show Value Attributes=1 PB2TraceCompatibility=1 MakeBackupFile=0 ToolTipsEnabled=Y
PI ProcessBook User Guide 199
Author= International Date Format=1 MaxUndoStackSize=20 Build Scroll Mode=1 Run Scroll Mode=1 GridSize=12 FileAccessTimeout=5 FileAccessInterval=1 COMTimeOut=30 RunSelectorColor=0,0,0 MacroProtectionLevel=0 TBFilePath= UserDefaultTB= PBDefaultTB= References= URL Home="http://www.osisoft.com/" MaxBitmapMB=16 ServerTimeZone=1 Processbook=PRIMARY EnableScreenSaver=1 ConnectUsingAPI=0 EnableConnectorAttachments=1
BookView controls the view in which a ProcessBook is displayed when opened (0 = Outline, 1 = Book). To change the font for the tabs in book view, add a section similar to this example:
[BookTab_Font] Height=-13 Weight=0 Italic=0 Underline=0 PitchAndFamily=0 FaceName=Arial
Conversion Section
The Conversion section of the .INI file identifies resources for importing other file formats and resembles this example:
[Conversion] Import0 = PIDisDIFF Files, impd32.dll, dat Import1 = PI-Graphics Files, impp32.dll, dat
ImportN identifies the file types used when converting VAX-formatted trends or graphics. N increments by one for each file type.
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PROCBOOK.INI
The second field is the name of the file type to be imported and will appear in the List Files of Type drop-down box in the Import File dialog box. The third field is the DLL used to import the file type. No path is necessary, since the files reside in the same directory as Procbook.exe. The fourth field is the default extension for the file type. You may have more than one extension for each import type, separated by semicolons.
TIMER sets the poll timer, in milliseconds, for checking whether PI ProcessBook should perform any time-related task. Time-related tasks include retrieving exception reports from PI and re-querying sources. (60,000 is the maximum setting; the default is 5000.)
ColorDecimal conversion of the color to draw the element. ex. Pen 1 has a color of 65280, this converts to 0x00ff00 in hex -->00ff00 = 0 red, 255 green, 0 blue ==> Green LineStyleLine style of the element. Key is as follows: -1=no line, 0=solid, 1=dashed, 2=dotted, 3=dash-dot, 4=dash-dot-dot MarkerStyleMarker style of each trace. Key is as follows: -1=no marker, 0=closed circle, 1=open circle, 2=closed diamond, 3=open diamond, 4=closed square, 5=open square, 6=closed triangle, 7=open triangle, 8=cross Tag Name/Server Name1=show on legend by default, 0=do not show on legend by default Example:
[Trend Definition] Autoscale=1 Value=1 Description=0 Markers=0 Plot Title=1 Grids=1 Scale Inside Axis=1 Tag Name=1 Server Name=0 Eng Units=1 Background Null=0 Start Time=*-8 Hour End Time=* MarkerWarning=1 UpdateTimeRange=604800 ;MaxValues=2000 RequeryThresholdFactor=6 RequeryHoldoffTimeout=300000 Max Traces=50 Element1=Horz. Axis,0,0,-1 Element2=Background,8421504,-1,-1 Element3=Horz. Major Grid,0,0,-1 Element4=Horz. Minor Grid,0,0,-1 Element5=Pen 1,65280,0,0 Element6=Pen 2,16776960,0,1 Element7=Pen 3,65535,0,2 Element8=Pen 4,16711935,0,3 Element9=Pen 5,255,0,4 Element10=Pen 6,16777215,0,5 Element11=Pen 7,16711680,0,6 Element12=Pen 8,0,0,7 Element13=Text,16777215,-1,-1 Element14=Vert. Axis,0,0,-1 Element15=Vert. Major Grid,0,0,-1 Element16=Vert. Minor Grid,0,0,-1
Colors Section
Defines the 16 colors in the ProcessBook palette. Parameters: ColorX = Red, Green, Blue, values can range from 0 to 255
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PROCBOOK.INI
Example:
[Colors] Color1=255,255,255 Color2=255,0,0 Color3=0,255,0 Color4=0,0,255 Color5=0,255,255 Color6=255,0,255 Color7=255,255,0 Color8=0,0,0 Color9=192,192,192 Color10=128,0,0 Color11=0,128,0 Color12=128,128,128 Color13=128,0,128 Color14=0,0,128 Color15=128,128,0 Color16=0,128,128
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PROCBOOK.INI
UpdateTimeRangeMaximum time period, in seconds, to update on an XYTag. The default is 604, 800 seconds, equal to 7 days. If the time range of an XYTag is greater than this value, it will not refresh automatically even when the end time is '*'. The maximum update range is different from the update rate, which is the frequency with which the PC asks for new data from the server, typically every 5 seconds. ElementThese 17 entries are the main drawn properties of XYPlots. For each of 17 XYPlot elements, you can change the color and shape properties. This is the entry format: ElementXName, Color, LineStyle, MarkerStyle ColorDecimal conversion of the color to draw the element. LineStyleLine style of the element. Key is as follows: -1=no line, 0=solid, 1=dashed, 2=dotted, 3=dash-dot, 4=dash-dot-dot MarkerStyleMarker style of each XYTag. Key is as follows: -1=no marker, 0=closed circle, 1=open circle, 2=closed diamond, 3=open diamond, 4=closed square, 5=open square, 6=closed triangle, 7=open triangle, 8=cross
Macro Protection
The primary purpose of the macro protection feature is to prevent misbehaved VBA event code from executing. Whenever a ProcessBook display (either standalone .pdi file or table of contents entry) is opened, ProcessBook determines whether the display has any VBA code present. MacroProtectionLevel may be set in the [STARTUP] section of Procbook.ini at one of the following levels:
Value 0 1 2 5 6 Description Display is opened with macros enabled. User is prompted when display is opened; project is set to design mode if user selects <Disable Macros>. User is prompted when display is opened; project is opened with macros disabled if user selects <Disable Macros>. User is prompted when display is opened; project is always set to design mode when opened. User is prompted when display is opened; project is always opened with macros disabled.
The default value for this setting is 0, so that if it is not present at all in the .ini file, then PI ProcessBook always executes macros.
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to the Startup section of your ProcBook.ini file. Alternatively, if you use NT Network security, you could set the file permissions to read-only for those users who should not modify ProcessBooks. Those users could make a copy of the file locally and modify it.
Security
Any string or integer value in PROCBOOK.INI can be overriden in the registry. Overrides can be provided in the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\PISystem\PI ProcessBook\Security key. Under that key there is a key for the INI file section. The values are in that section. For example, to override the EnableScreenSaver setting in the STARTUP section of PROCBOOK.INI, a DWORD value EnableScreenSaver with a value of 1 would be created in HKLM\SOFTWARE\PISystem\PI ProcessBook\Security\Startup. If a value is found in the Security overrides section of the registry, the PROCBOOK.INI files will not be accessed. The PI ProcessBook setup kit does not create these registry keys; it is up to each site administrator to create the keys if they want to override the PROCBOOK.INI settings.
IMPPIGP.INI
The IMPPIGP.INI file contains configuration settings used by the Import utility in PI ProcessBook. The file generally resides in the PIPC\DAT directory. As with other .INI files, SETUP.EXE creates this file with default settings. When you import VAX-formatted graphics and graphics that include trends, the import utility uses the settings found in this .INI file to convert items such as color, line style, and fonts. You can edit the .INI file if you want to change these default settings. Before you edit this file, you should make a backup copy so you can restore PI ProcessBook to its original settings.
Note: The settings in this .INI file affect graphics and trends included in graphics only. When importing trend displays, the format specified in the Trend Preference setting is used.
The following is a list of the keywords in the IMPPIGP.INI file. The values shown are examples and not necessarily the default settings shipped with PI ProcessBook: The Color section of the .INI file maps VAX colors to PI ProcessBook colors:
[Color] Clear=0,0,0 Black=0,0,0 White=255,255,255 Red=255,0,0
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IMPPIGP.INI
Green=0,255,0 Blue=0,0,255 Cyan=0,255,255 Magenta=255,0,255 Yellow=255,255,0 Orange=255,128,0 GreenYellow=128,255,0 GreenCyan=0,255,128 BlueCyan=0,128,128 BlueMagenta=0,0,128 RedMagenta=255,0,128 DarkGray=128,128,128 LightGray=192,192,192
The values shown to the right of the equal sign are the red, green, blue values. Refer to Creating Your Own Colors in the Windows documentation for more information on changing these values. The Line Style section maps the VAX line format to the PI ProcessBook line format:
[Line Style] Supress=5 Solid=0 XShortDash=2 DotShortDash=3 LongDash=1 XLongDash=1 TwoDotDash=4 LongDotDash=3 ShortDash=1
The Font section maps the VAX supported fonts to PI ProcessBook fonts:
StandardFont=35,400,0,0,34,Arial SmallVector=-29,400,0,0,34,Arial MediumVector=-52,400,0,0,34,Arial LargeVector=-77,400,0,0,34,Arial Note: These default values are based on resolutions for VT340 terminals. If you are using a terminal other than these, appearances may be different.
The values to the right of the equal sign represent these font characteristics.
Position 1 Font Characteristic Height Definition Specifies the height of the font. If the value is greater than zero, it specifies the cell height. If the value is less than zero, it specifies the character height, which is the cell height minus the leading. Specifies the weight of the font (for example, light, medium, bold). Values can be from 0 to 900 in increments of 100. 100 equals the lightest; 900 the darkest. 207
Weight
Position 3 4 5
Definition Specifies an italic font if the value is not zero (for example, 0 = non-italic; 1 = italic). Specifies an underlined font if the value is not zero (for example, 0 = non-underlined; 1 = underlined). Specifies the pitch and family of the font. Pitch can be fixed, variable, or default. Font families, such as Old English, describe the look of a font in a general way. They are intended for specifying fonts when the exact typeface desired is not available. Specifies the typeface name of the font.
Face Name
The Marker section of the .INI file maps the VAX trend markers to the markers provided in PI ProcessBook:
[Markers] NoMarker=9 Dot=0 SmallPlus=6 LargePlus=7 Asterisk=0 Circle=1 LargeX=8 Box=5 Diamond=3 BoxWithDot=4 DiamondWithDot=2 BoxWithDiamond=4
The values to the right of the equal sign represent these marker types in PI ProcessBook:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 = = = = = = = = = = filled circle open circle filled diamond open diamond filled square open square filled triangle open triangle cross none
The Display section in the .INI file specifies the supported terminals in PI ProcessBook:
[Display] Terminal Type=VT340
Keywords for supported terminals are shown below. The horizontal and vertical dimensions are also shown.
VT340 = 800 x 500 Reflection = 800 x 500 Tektronix = 4095 x 3130 X1024 = 880 x 640 X800 = 560 x 448
If your terminal is not included in the list of keywords, you can create your own. The syntax is:
Terminal Type=Custom,X,Y
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SETUPProcessBook.LOG
where X equals the horizontal dimension and Y equals the vertical dimension.
SETUPProcessBook.LOG
This log tracks the setup of PI ProcessBook on your system and holds information pertaining to directory structure, user-entered information for Node, .DLL, and User name, and the installation of the various ProcessBook files.
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Appendix E
Email Support
Email technical support inquiries, including the problem description and message logs, to [email protected]. You will receive a response within 24 hours.
Knowledge Center
The Knowledge Center provides a searchable library of documentation and technical data, as well as a special collection of resources for system managers. For these options, click Knowledge Center in the Technical Support Web site. The Search feature allows you to search Support Solutions, Bulletins, Support Pages, Known Issues, Enhancements, and Documentation (including user manuals, release notes, and white papers).
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System Manager Resources include tools and instructions that help you manage: archive sizing, backup scripts, daily health checks, daylight savings time configuration, PI Server security, PI system sizing and configuration, PI trusts for interface nodes, and more.
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Find System Parameters Enter the command: type piparamsc Upgrades To request an upgrade, provide PINet and operating system version, and platform information to Technical Support. Follow PI2 upgrade request instructions on the Technical Support Web site. Select Contact Us > Obtaining Upgrades. Remote Server Access for PINet or PIonPINet Technical support engineers can remotely access your PINet or PIonPINet node to provide diagnostics, hands-on troubleshooting, and assistance. You will need a robust terminal emulation program, such as WRG Reflections VT (or R2 or R4). Windows Telnet or Hyperterm applications are not adequate for remote assistance.
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Index
.
.piw 36 of plot elements 85 Pen 24 section of the imppign.ini file 212 Trend Element Preferences tab 24 COM object 163 Compound Documents 175 Configuring the Data Source 159, 191, 196 Connection Points 146, 147 Add 148 Delete 148 Connections 146, 147 Connectors Dialog 149 Failure 9 to OpenVMS Servers 201 Connector Symbols 146 Container 175, 177 Context for Module Relative Displays 74, 75, 77 Change at Run 77 Continuous trace 95 Control 177 Convert 184 VAX-formatted trends and graphics 98 Copy 47 a data set to another ProcessBook 172 Correlation Correlation Coefficient for XY Plot 113 Cursors 89 Missing 197 Custom Data Sets 163 Custom Menus 17 Custom Toolbars 17
A
ActiveX Control 175, 177 Ad Hoc Trend 97, 98 Create 97 Save 98 Add-In Manager 25 Add-Ins 25, 26 Alias 74 Module Database 74 Aligning Multiple Symbols 145 Annotations 139, 141 Add 141 Arc command 131 Archive 2 Assign Layers dialog 72 Attributes Changing 66 Color 67, 68 Font 66 Line 68, 69 Autorange 91, 92
B
Background color 68 Bar 125 Create a bar 125 Book View 43, 44, 45 Preferences 20 Section of Procbook.ini file 202 Browsing Displays from Internet Explorer 58 Build Mode 8, 37 Button Adding a Button 124
D
Data 2, 3 Data Manager in Procbook.ini file 202 Not in Display 197 Data Archive 2 Data Set 159, 160, 164, 169, 170, 171, 172 Adding to a column 169 Adding to Bars or Values in a Display 170 Copying a 172 Custom 163 Edit a 171 Is it in Use? 168 ODBC 164 PI Calculation 160 Running in ProcessBook 171
215
C
Call Tracing 195 Cascade 57 Circle 131 Close a ProcessBook 48 Color 21, 67, 68, 85, 212
Index
Data Source 164, 191, 192, 199 Configuring the 193, 196 Definition of 164 Delete a 196 Edit a 196 Troubleshooting 199 Default Preference settings 18 Trend Format 82 Delete 48, 82, 172, 184, 196 a Data Set 172 a Plot within a Trend 82 an Entry 48 an ODBC Data Source 196 an ODBC Driver 196 an OLE Object 184 Deselect a Symbol 142 Design Mode, VBA 3, 189 Details Window 139, 140, 142 Open 139 Pin 142 Digital values 121 Disabling macros 211 Disconnect from a Server 9 Discrete trace 95 Display 8, 55 as an Embedded Object 186 Can't Find Data 197 Connection Failure 9 Data sources for 1 Elements of 104, 108, 109 Manage multiple displays 57 Module-relative 73 Point Attributes 63 Reducing to Icon 60 Resizing 58 Saving 60 Display Entry 37 Linked Display Entry 39 Text or Display 38 Displaying an Item's Definition 155 Displaying an OLE object with an Icon 184 Drag and Drop Embedding 180 Draw 62, 64, 103, 131, 132, 133 Drawing Area 62 Drawing Grid 65 Drawing Tools 64 Free-form Objects 132 Line 130 Polylines 133
Rectangle, Square, Arc, Ellipse, or Circle 131 XYPlot 103 Driver Manager 191 Dynamic Symbol 55, 79, 125, 127, 155, 181 Bar 125 Button 123 definition of 155 Multi-State symbol 127 Status of 156 Trend 79 Value 121 XYPlot 101
E
Edit 171, 182, 183, 196 a Data Set 171 a text box 130 an ODBC Data Source 196 Embedded Objects 183 Linked Objects 183 Ellipse 130, 131 Embed 176, 186 discussion of 176 Example of 178 Existing ProcessBook Display in Another OLE Application 186 ProcessBook Display in Another OLE Application 186 vs. Link 177 Entries 37, 43, 47 Arranging 43 Change the Name of 45, 47 Creating 37 Placement in ProcessBook 37 Rearranging 47 Types of 45 Expanding a Trend 88
F
File How to Import 52 Sharing 53 Flags for Data 157 Flip command 143 Floating Point values 121 Font 66 Font section of the imppign.ini file 212 Format 65, 66, 67, 68, 69 Color 67, 68 Editable Formatting Attributes 66
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Font 66 Line 68, 69 Trend 82, 83, 85, 86 Formatting Paintbrush 69 Full Screen 17, 59 Full Timestamp 95 Future Trends 16
G
Graphics 99, 133, 134 Convert from VAX to PC 99 Graphic Symbol 133, 134 Icons vs. Graphics 178 Grid 65 Grid Lines 91 Size 65 Group Symbols 145
H
Handles 142 Horizontal flip 143 How Trends Refresh 90
Assign symbol to 72 Composite symbols 72 Working with 70 Z Order 70 Layout tab 82, 86 Legend 103, 104, 108, 109 Level of an Entry 45 Line 24, 68, 85, 130, 212 Draw 130 Ends 69 Style 23, 24, 68, 85 Weight 68, 85 Linear Correlation Line 108 Linear Regression by Least Squares Method 113 Link 176, 177, 180, 181, 186 Existing File into a ProcessBook Display 180 ProcessBook to Another Application 186 Re-establishing 182 vs. Embed 177 Linked Displays or ProcessBooks 39 Add 39 Logarithmic scales 79, 91
I
Icons 60 Graphics vs. Icons 178 impg32.dll 202 Import 52, 98 Files 52 VAX-formatted trends and graphics 98 imppigp.ini 212 Independent Display files 58 Saving 60 Installation 4 Testing 4 Integers 121 Internet Explorer 58 Interpolated data retrieval method 103, 104 Interval 103, 104 Invisible line on a trend 24 Item Definition 155, 156
M
Macros 3, 189, 211 Markers 23, 96 Shapes 24 Menu 16 Minimize 58 Missing Data Sources 191, 199 Missing Trace 199 Mode, Run and Build 8, 37 Module Context 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 Features 74 Module Context Add-in 73 Move 41, 53, 77, 82 a Display to another PI Server 77 a Plot 82 a ProcessBook to another PC 53 MSQuery 194 Multiple Objects 142, 144, 145 Align Multiple Symbols 145 How to Select 142 Stacking Order 144 Ungroup 145 Multi-State Symbol 127
K
Keyboard Shortcuts 28, 29, 30
L
Layers 70, 72, 73 Adding a Layer 70
PI ProcessBook User Guide
N
Name 35, 45, 70
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Index
a ProcessBook 35 of a layer 70 Network Connections 8, 9, 10 Network Errors 9 New 14 Display 14 ProcessBook 14, 35 ProcessBook Entry 14
O
ODBC 164, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 199 Data Access 191 Data Sets 164 Data Sources 191, 196 Driver Manager 191 Drivers 191, 196 Preparing to Use 193 Troubleshooting 199 OLE 175, 176, 177, 178, 182, 183, 184, 186, 187, 198 Edit 181, 182, 183, 184 Embed 176, 179 Link 176, 180, 181, 182 Overview 175, 176, 177 Troubleshooting 198 Open 36, 57, 58 a Display 57 Independent Display Files 58 Multiple entries 57 ProcessBook 36 Several Displays at Once 57 OpenVMS Trends and Graphics 98, 99 Organizing Symbols 64, 65, 142, 143, 145, 146 OSIsoft Developer Network (DevNet) 3 Out of Range Indicators 118 Outline View 45, 46, 47
Point 62, 63, 79 Pointers Build Mode 37 Run Mode 37 Polygon 131, 132 Preference Settings 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24 General Preferences 19 Trend 23 Trend Elements 24 Preserve aspect ratio 58 Print 30, 31 Procbook.ini 202 ProcessBook 8, 35, 36, 37, 43, 48, 49, 52, 53 Basic Steps to Build a 35 Book View 43, 44, 45 Entries 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43 File Sharing Capability 53 Import Files to 52 Mode, Run and Build 37 Open 36, 37 Outline View 45, 46, 47 Overview 8 Properties Dialog 49, 50, 51 Save and close 48 Properties 49, 50, 137 Display 50 of a ProcessBook or Display 49, 50, 51 of Symbols in the Symbols Library 137
Q
Queries 166, 167, 194 Questionable Data Flag 157
R
Rectangle 130, 131 How to Draw 131 Re-establishing Links 182 Refresh Interval 90, 164, 170 Refresh Timer section of Procbook.ini file 202 Regrouping a Composite Symbol 145 Relative paths 181 Relative Timestamp 95 Remove a Trend Cursor 89 an Entry 48 Reset 13 Resize 44, 58 a Display 58 a ProcessBook Window 44 Retain Aspect Ratio 202
P
Pages 44 Turning in Book View 44 Partial Timestamp 95 PI Data Archive 2 PI ProcessBook 1, 7 PI Server 2, 8, 9, 10 Connect/Disconnect 9 Updates to 2 Pisysdat 201 Placeholders 166, 167 Plot 79, 82, 104 Plot Title 103, 104
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Rotate 143 Select 142 Stacking 144 Static 55 System Administration 201, 202, 212, 215 System Requirements 4
S
Save 48, 60, 98 Ad Hoc Trend Display 98 Preferred View of Your Entries 48 ProcessBook 48 ProcessBook Displays 48, 60 Scripting 3, 189 Scrollbars 13, 15, 16, 61, 90 Search 59, 63 for a Specific Display 59 for a Tag 63 Select Available Modules dialog 75 Selected Modules list 75 Selection handles 64, 82, 139, 142, 145 Server 8, 9, 10 Connect to a 9 Disconnect from 9 Display information about 10 Setup procedure 31, 202, 215 setup.exe 202 setup.log 215 Single Scale for the Vertical Axis 92 Snap to grid 65 Span 91 Square 131 How to Draw 131 Stacking Order 144 Starting PI ProcessBook 7 Startup section of Procbook.ini 202 Static Symbols 55 Status Report 156 Stored Procedures in Queries 194 Substituted Data Flag 157 Summary Information 49 Symbol Attachments Dialog Box 153 Symbol Library 202 Symbols 55, 121, 129, 135, 139 Connect 146, 147 Delete 143 Details and Annotations 139, 140, 141, 142 Dynamic 55 Flip 143
T
Tags 62, 63 Text Symbol 129, 130 Tile Windows 57 Time 10, 13, 15, 16 Time Forward and Back 16 Time Range Toolbar 13 Time range 13, 15, 16 Changing 15 Revert 13 Toolbar 13 Timestamp 95 Title of a trend 90 of ProcessBook or Display 49 Too Many Points 118 Toolbars 16, 17, 18 Add Buttons to 18 Customize 17 ToolTips 21, 69 Trace 85, 95, 96, 195 Definition of 95 Hiding 95 Markers 96 Missing 199 Trace ODBC Calls 195 Trend 23, 24, 79, 82, 88, 89, 90, 97, 98, 169, 197, 207 Ad Hoc 97 Analysis tools 88 Cursors 89, 197 Data Sets in 169 Default Format 82 Default Preferences 23 Definition section of procbook.ini 202 Delete a Plot 82 Expand 88 Formatting a 82 Grid Lines and Labels 91 Horizontal Scale Grid Lines 95 Importing VAX-Formatted 98 Invalid data 9
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Index
Multiple Plots 82 Preferences 23 Refresh rate for data 90 Refreshing data from a data set 170 Tool 82, 97 Zoom 2x In or Out 88 Trend Scale Grid Lines 95 formatting 85 Troubleshooting 197, 198, 199, 215 Cant save a display 197 Display Has No Data 197 Legend Missing on Trend 197 ODBC Problems 199 Setup.log 215 Trend Cursors Missing 197 Updating Linked Objects 198
Change Time Range 116 Draw 103 Examples 118, 119, 120 Interpreting 114 Legend 103, 104, 108, 109 Plot Format Tab 103, 104, 109 Plot Title 103, 104
Z
Zoom 58, 88, 114 2x 88 Display Size 58
U
Ungroup Symbols 145 Updates 181, 198 Break Links 181 by Exception 2 for Future Trends 16 for Trend data 90 Links 181 to Linked Objects 181 to PI Data 2 Troubleshooting 198 Update dynamically 176 Upgrades 4
V
Value 121 Value Scale 23, 79, 91, 92, 95 VAX 52, 98, 99, 201, 206, 212 VBA 1, 3, 17, 177, 189, 190 View Only Mode 212 Views 43, 45 Book 43 Outline 45 Visible Layer 70 VMS 98, 99, 201
W
Workspace 7
X
XY Plot 101, 103, 104, 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 116, 118
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