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Aortic Dissection: Chief Complaint

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AORTIC DISSECTION

CHIEF COMPLAINT

Aortic dissection

HPI

Patient came with following SYMPTOMS


•Chest pain
•Syncope
•Altered mental status
•Anxiety
•Hemiparesis
•Hemiplegia
•Ptosis
•Miosis
•anhidrosis
•Dyspnea
•Orthopnea
•Dysphagia
•Flank pain
•Hemoptysis
•Hematuria
•Oliguria
•Anuria
•Limb paresthesias
•Limb pain
•Limb weakness

SEVERITY:
o Mild
o Moderate
o Severe
o Absent
o Normal
o Increased
o Decreased
o Stable
o No significant change from prior visit
o Details
HISTORY (PMFSH)

•PAST HISTORY
 Marfan disease
 Ehlers-Danlos disease
 Connective tissue diseases
 Diabetes
 Hypertension
 Syphilis

•ALLERGY
 Drugs
 Environment
•FAMILY HISTORY
 Hypertension
 Diabetes
 Heart diseases
 Syphilis

•SOCIAL HISTORY
 Habits
• Alcohol
• Tobacco
• Drugs
 Occupation____

ROS

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

•Blood pressure
o Increased
o Decreased
o Blood pressure differential of greater than 20 mm Hg
•Heart
o Muffled heart sounds
o A new diastolic murmur
•Pulse
o Asymmetrical pulses
o Carotid pulse
 Progression of bruits
 Development of bruits
o Brachial pulse
 Progression of bruits
 Development of bruits
o Femoral pulse
 Progression of bruits
 Development of bruits
o Pulsus paradoxus
o Jugular venous distension
o Kussmaul sign

SPECIFIC DATA LIKE GRADING ETC

Anterior chest pain - Ascending aortic dissection


Neck or jaw pain - Aortic arch dissection
Interscapular tearing or ripping pain - Descending aortic dissection

TESTS TO BE ORDERED

•Blood tests
o CBP
o BUN
o Creatinine
o Troponin
o Creatine kinase (CK)
o Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
•Urine examination
•D-dimer
•Chest radiography
•Angiography
•CT scan
•CT angiography
•Echocardiography
•USG
•Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE)
•Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
•MRI
•Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA)
•Contrast 3D MRA
•ECG
ASSESSMENT/PLAN & INSTRUCTIONS/EDUCATION

TREATMENT
Oxygen ________
Respiratory monitor____
Blood pressure ______
Urine output_____

MEDICATION

Nifedipine
Esmolol 250-500 mcg
Labetalol
Propranolol
Metoprolol
Nitroprusside
Morphine sulfate

FOLLOW UP

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