Scribd
Upload
469 views3 pages

Summary Buffer Solution

This document defines buffer solutions and describes how to calculate the pH of acidic and alkaline buffer solutions when an acid or base is added. An acidic buffer solution is made from a weak acid and its salt, or a weak acid and its conjugate base. An alkaline buffer is made from a weak base and its salt, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The document shows examples of calculating the pH of an acetate buffer solution when HCl or NaOH is added, and a ammonia buffer solution when HCl or NaOH is added. It uses the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and acid/base reactions to determine the resulting concentrations and calculate the pH.

Uploaded by

elcha_putra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
469 views3 pages

Summary Buffer Solution

This document defines buffer solutions and describes how to calculate the pH of acidic and alkaline buffer solutions when an acid or base is added. An acidic buffer solution is made from a weak acid and its salt, or a weak acid and its conjugate base. An alkaline buffer is made from a weak base and its salt, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The document shows examples of calculating the pH of an acetate buffer solution when HCl or NaOH is added, and a ammonia buffer solution when HCl or NaOH is added. It uses the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and acid/base reactions to determine the resulting concentrations and calculate the pH.

Uploaded by

elcha_putra
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

BUFFER SOLUTION

BUFFER SOLUTION

Definition

Component

Prepare Acidic 1. First method Weak acid + its salt *its salt in water become conjugate base of weak acid + HA(aq) H (aq) + A (aq) + LA(aq) L (aq)+ A (aq) 2. Second method Weak acid + strong base (excess) Alkaline 1. First method Weak base + its salt *its salt in water become conjugate acid of weak base + NH3(aq)+ H2O (l) NH4 (aq)+ OH (aq) + NH4Cl (aq) NH4 (aq)+ Cl (aq) 2. Second method Weak base + strong acid (excess)

Principle work Acidic + CH3COOH(aq) H (aq) +CH3COO (aq) + CH3COONa(aq) Na (aq)+ CH3COO (aq) Add acid + H react with Conjugate base (CH3COO ) to produce CH3COOH + H (aq) +CH3COO (aq) CH3COOH(aq) Add base OH react with weak acid (CH3COOH) to produce CH3COO and H2O CH3COOH (aq) +OH (aq) CH3COO (aq) + H2O (aq) Alkaline + NH3(aq)+ H2O (l) NH4 (aq)+ OH (aq) + NH4Cl (aq) NH4 (aq)+ Cl (aq) Add acid + + H react with weak base (NH3) to produce NH4 + + H (aq) +NH3(aq) NH4 (aq) Add base + OH react with conjugate acid (NH4 )to produce NH3 + NH4 (aq) +OH (aq) NH3(aq) + H2O (aq)

....................................

Acidic 1. Weak acid+ its salt 2. Weak acid + conjugate base Alkaline 1. Weak base+ its salt 2. Weak base + conjugate acid

[email protected]

Summary for buffer solution

CALCULATING pH of BUFFER SOLUTION


ADDING ACID ACIDIC -5 100 mL CH3COOH 0,5M ka = 1x10 100 mL CH3COONa 0,5M Adding with 100 mL HCl 0,1 M before + CH3COOH(aq) H (aq) +CH3COO (aq) 50 mmol + CH3COONa(aq) Na (aq)+ CH3COO (aq) 50 mmol 50 mmol After added HCl(aq)+ CH3COONa (aq) NaCl(aq) + CH3COOH (l) 10 mmol 50 mmol 50 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 40 mmol 60 mmol CH3COONa(aq) Na (aq) + CH3COO (aq) 40 mmol 40 mmol [H ]= ka.
+ + -

ADDING BASE ACIDIC -5 100 mL CH3COOH 0,5M ka = 1x10 100 mL CH3COONa 0,5M Adding with 100 mL NaOH 0,1 M before + CH3COOH(aq) H (aq) +CH3COO (aq) 50 mmol + CH3COONa(aq) Na (aq)+ CH3COO (aq) 50 mmol 50 mmol After added CH3COOH(aq)+ NaOH (aq) CH3COONa(aq) + H2O (l) 50 mmol 10 mmol 50 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 40 mmol 60 mmol CH3COONa(aq) Na (aq) + CH3COO (aq) 60 mmol 60 mmol [H ]= ka.
+ + -

= ka. = ka. =10 -5 = 1,5 x10 pH = - log H -5 = - log 1,5 x10 = 5 - log 1,5
+ -5

= ka. = ka. =10 -5 = 0,67x10 pH = - log H -5 = - log 0,67x10 = 5 - log 0,67


+ -5

[email protected] for buffer solution

Summary

CALCULATING pH of BUFFER SOLUTION


ADDING ACID ALKALINE -5 kb = 1x10 ADDING BASE ALKALINE -5 kb = 1x10

100 mL NH3 0,5M 100 mL NH4Cl 0,5M Adding with 100 mL HCl 0,1 M

100 mL NH3 0,5M 100 mL NH4Cl 0,5M Adding with 100 mL NaOH 0,1 M before + NH3(aq)+ H2O (l) NH4 (aq)+ OH (aq) 50 mmol 50 mmol + NH4Cl (aq) NH4 (aq)+ Cl (aq) 50 mmol 50 mmol After added NH4Cl (aq)+ NaOH (aq) NH4OH (aq) + NaCl (aq) 50 mmol 10 mmol 50 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 40 mmol 60 mmol NH4Cl (aq) NH4 (aq)+ Cl (aq) 40 mmol 40 mmol [OH ]= kb.
+ -

before + NH3(aq)+ H2O (l) NH4 (aq)+ OH (aq) 50 mmol 50 mmol + NH4 (aq)+ OH (aq) NH4OH (aq) 50 mmol 50 mmol NH4Cl (aq) NH4 (aq)+ Cl (aq) 50 mmol 50 mmol After added NH4OH (aq)+ HCl (aq) NH4Cl (aq) + H2O (l) 50 mmol 10 mmol 50 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 40 mmol 60 mmol NH4Cl (aq) NH4 (aq)+ Cl (aq) 60 mmol 60 mmol [OH ]= kb.
+ + -

= ka.

= ka.

= ka. =10 -5 = 1,5 x10 pOH = - log OH -5 = - log 1,5 x10 1,5) = 5 - log 1,5
-5

= ka. =10 -5 = 0,67x10 pOH = - log OH -5 = - log 0,67x10 0,67) = 5 - log 0,67
-5

pH = 14-log pOH = 14 (5 log = 9 + log 1,5

pH = 14-log pOH = 14 (5 log = 9 + log 0,67

[email protected] for buffer solution

Summary

You might also like