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Data Representation

The document discusses different data representation and number systems used in computing. It covers binary, bytes, words, coding schemes like ASCII and EBCDIC, number systems basics, types of number systems including binary, decimal, octal and hexadecimal. It also discusses bases and representation in decimal system using positional notation and subscripts. Finally, it touches on hexadecimal number system.

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40 views38 pages

Data Representation

The document discusses different data representation and number systems used in computing. It covers binary, bytes, words, coding schemes like ASCII and EBCDIC, number systems basics, types of number systems including binary, decimal, octal and hexadecimal. It also discusses bases and representation in decimal system using positional notation and subscripts. Finally, it touches on hexadecimal number system.

Uploaded by

baby soni
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Representation On/Off

Binary number system is used to represent the state of the circuit

Bits, Bytes, Words


BIT
Binary DigIT On/off circuit 1 or 0

BYTE
8 bits Store one alphanumeric character

WORD
Size of the register Number of BITS that the CPU processes as a unit

Coding Schemes
ASCII
Uses one 8 bit byte 28 = 256 possible combinations or characters Virtually all PCs and many larger computers

EBCDIC
Uses one 8 bit byte 28 =256 possible combinations or characters Used primarily on IBM-compatible mainframes

Unicode
Uses two 8 bit bytes (16 bits) 216 = 65,536 possible combinations or characters Supports characters for all the worlds languages Downward-compatible with ASCII

Number Systems
In any number system there is an ordered set of symbols known as digit with rules defined for performing arithmetic operations like addition, multiplication etc. A collection of these digits makes a number which in general has two parts 1. Integer part 2. Fractional part These two parts are separated by a point (.).

Types of Number Systems


Basically there are 4 types of number system. They are as follows: Binary number system Decimal number system Octal number system Hexadecimal number system

Their characteristics

Bases and Number Representation


The decimal number system uses positional notation. This means that each digit is
interpreted according to its position. For example "354" represents 3100 + 510 + 41 = 3102 + 510 + 41
whereas (using the same digits but in different positions)

"435" represents 4100 + 310 + 51

In the decimal system we use 10 different symbols to represent numbers.


These symbols are:
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9

Use of subscripts
In the following notes, different subscripts may be used to indicate the number For example

Hexadecimal Number system

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