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EE 21 - Lecture 4 LEDs and Voltage Multipliers

The document provides an overview of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and voltage multiplier circuits. It discusses the construction and operation of LEDs, including how recombination of electrons and holes within the PN junction structure results in energy being released as light for certain semiconductor materials. Tables show typical LED characteristics like wavelength, color, and forward voltage based on the semiconductor material. Voltage multiplier circuits like doublers and triplers are also briefly covered, explaining how they maintain a low transformer peak voltage while stepping up the rectified voltage. Diagrams illustrate the operation of full-wave voltage doublers.

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120 views2 pages

EE 21 - Lecture 4 LEDs and Voltage Multipliers

The document provides an overview of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and voltage multiplier circuits. It discusses the construction and operation of LEDs, including how recombination of electrons and holes within the PN junction structure results in energy being released as light for certain semiconductor materials. Tables show typical LED characteristics like wavelength, color, and forward voltage based on the semiconductor material. Voltage multiplier circuits like doublers and triplers are also briefly covered, explaining how they maintain a low transformer peak voltage while stepping up the rectified voltage. Diagrams illustrate the operation of full-wave voltage doublers.

Uploaded by

Aids Sumalde
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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12/6/2011

Topics

A crash lecture on those little lights we call LEDs, plus a brief illustration of voltage multipliers

EE 21 Slides (AAMS)

Light Emitting Diodes -andVoltage Multipliers

Light Emitting Diode (LED) construction and operation LED Color table Voltage Multiplier circuits Voltage Doubler Voltage Tripler and Quadrupler

The LED.

Energy Release
Recombination of holes and electrons (within the structure and the PN junction) occur during forward bias Recombination = transfer of energy from the previously unbound/free electrons In all semiconductors, energy is given off as heat and photons

Energy Release
In Si and Ge diodes, %heat >> %light However, for other constructs such as gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) or gallium phosphide (GaP), the number of photons is sufficient enough for visible light. Electroluminescence the process of giving off light by applying an electrical source of energy

Construction and Operation

12/6/2011

LED Characteristics
Typical LED Characteristics Semiconductor Material GaAs GaAsP GaAsP GaAsP:N AlGaP SiC GaInN Wavelength Colour VF @ 20mA 1.2v 1.8v 2.0v 2.2v 3.5v 3.6v 4.0v

Voltage Doubler and Tripler


Employed to maintain a relatively low transformer peak voltage while stepping up the peak to 2-4x the amount of the peak rectified voltage

850-940nm 630-660nm 605-620nm 585-595nm 550-570nm 430-505nm 450nm

Infra-Red Red Amber Yellow Green Blue White

Voltage Doubler Operation

Full-wave Voltage Doubler

Works similar to clamper operation charging and discharging of capacitors through conducting and nonconducting combinations of diodes
9 10

Voltage Tripler and Quadrupler

11

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