COMPUTER

compute. It means to calculate. We all are familiar with calculations in our day to day life. We apply mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. and many other formulae for calculations. Simpler calculations take less time. But complex calculations take much longer time. Another factor is accuracy in calculations. So man explored with the idea to develop a machine which can perform this type of arithmetic calculation faster and with full accuracy. This gave birth to a device or machine called computer. Computer education is beneficial to students in inculcating interest in their subjects and enhancing retention. With the advent of technology, students are encouraged to explore various subjects and analyze what they have learnt.

Characteristics of computer:
Celerity (High Speed)
It denotes the speed of a computer. The computer present in the modern world has the speed of nano and pico second. The various speed that are used by the computers from the former generations are as follows: 1 milli second=1*10^-3 second 1 micro second=1*10^-6 second 1 nano second=1*10^-9 second 1 pico second=1*10^-12 second Thus the speeds are measured.

Authenticity (Accuracy)
It denoted the accuracy of the computer. They are reliable and robust. It ever makes a mistake. Most probably the error occurs due to the user rather than the computer. There may be certain hardware mistake but with the advanced technique in hand they are overcome.

Spontaneous (Automatic)
The computers are automatic. It may execute the process without any intervention of user once they are assigned to a work. Once the data or instruction are fetched from the secondary devices such as optical disks, hard disks etc. Immediately they get stored into RAM (primary memory) and then sequentially they get executed.

Pertinacity (Endurance)
This denotes that the computers never get tried as the humans do. If there are surplus amount of executions to be made then each and every execution will be executed at the same time period. They can perform their assigned task without taking any refreshment.

Adaptabilty (Versatile)
In our day to day life computers has been a part, with their extended flexibility they are used, all over the world. They can be used as personal computers, for home uses, for business oriented tasks, weather forecasting, space explorations, teaching, railways, banking, medicine etc. All Modern computer can perform different kind of tasks simultaneously.

Storehouse (Memory)
Secondary storage devices are the key for the data storage. They store the data for which the user wants to retrieve these data for future use. The examples for various secondary devices are Floppy disk, Optical disks (CS and DVD), Zip drives, Thumb drives etc. The data of smaller size can be easily fetched and they can be copied to the primary memory (RAM). Example: Data Warehousing made by IBM.

Cheaper (Reduction of cost)

Computers are short term investment in order to achieve a long term gain. Though the investment is high they reduce the cost of each and every transaction. They reduce man power and leads to an elegant and efficient way for computing various tasks.

Needs a User interface

The only draw back of computer is it cannot make the decision of its own. It needs a guidance to enhance the process. After all computers is a machine.

The parts of your computer

Computers are made up of many part. The Computer has three main divisions. INPUT C P U OUTPUT

INPUT UNIT

It is one of the main part of the computer which receives the informations and programmes from the outside and send it inside the system. The input devices help for these actions .
OUTPUT UNIT

The Result of the incoming informations are informed to the users only through this output unit.
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT ( CPU )

This functions as the Brain of the computer. It has three important units. They are, ( i ) Control Unit ( ii ) ALU ( iii ) Memory Unit ( i ) Control Unit : This Controls all the parts of the computer and their functions and make way to co-ordinate the functions. ( ii ) Arithmetic & Logic Unit : The Input functions and calculations also the Logical functions as AND,OR, NOT are working in this part only. This is defined as the heart of the computer. Logic Unit ( iii ) Memory Unit : This is one of the most important unit of the computer. The input information,their programmes (after functioning is over), their result will be stored in this part.

INPUT DEVICE
KEY BOARD

Keyboard This is the most useful input device. It works fast in sending the informations given by the user into the system. This is similar to the typewriter in having alphabets, numbers and special characters. When the user is in touch with the key buttons, the relevant functional keys will be sending the correct messages into the computer. This is represented as ASCII.

MOUSE

This is used to move the cursor which is coming in the screen . There is a small silicon ball under the mouse which enables to move on a smooth surface to give proper signals and make the computer to do the work. SCANNER

This is a device which can scan any picture or a printed document as it is. This is similar like a Photocopy Machine (Xerox). BAR CODE READER

Now a days in departmental stores and other shops we can see some thick and thin lines on the packings to represent the rate of the things, manufacturing dates, months, expiry dates and other informations are scanned. These lines are called BAR CODE . If we see the bar code we cannot understand anything by these lines. Only Bar Code Readers( BCR) will read and feed the rates into the computers. MAGNETIC INK CHARACTER RECOGNITION ( MICR )

This is widely used in banks. This system is used to issue cheques. By this method cheating of cheque leaves can be secured. This is helpful in banks to do the work punctually and quickly. MAGNETIC CARD READER

This Reader is used to read the ATM card , Credit card issued by the banks and Petrocards given by the petrol bunks belong to this kinds.

MICRO PHONE

This is like a Mike. It receives the sound waves and change into electro magnetic waves and send it into the computer for processing the informations. It is very useful for blind people to enter the programmes in the system.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT ( CPU)

This is the BRAIN of the computer. It will do all sort of calculations and arithmetic and logical calculations. More over it also controls all parts of the computer and make the system to work without any hindrances. OUTPUT DEVICES

Monitor

Monitor is the main device of the computer which resembles a Television screen. Initially only monochrome monitors were used. But now a days coloured monitors, LCD monitors and FST monitors are in use. Monitors display images and texts. The smallest dot that displayed is called a Picture Elements. The monitor resolutions are 640 480, 800 600,1024 768 , 1152 864.

PRINTERS
This enables to print out the outcoming results obtained from the computer. Depending upon the printing capacity, speed and accuracy. The printer is classifed into two types. They are, 1. IMPACT PRINTERS 2. NON IMPACT PRINTERS
1. IMPACT PRINTERS

Line printers and Dot matrix printers are the two kinds of Impact Printers.

The printout obtained from these printers are of low quality.

Line printer

dot Matrix printer

2. NON IMPACT PRINTERS Non Impact printers are of three kinds.They are, Thermal Printers Laser Printers Ink jet Printers

MEMORY
It is one of the most effective part of the computer. The informations and data stored in this unit will be sent to the other parts of the system whenever necessary. These are two types.

PRIMARY MEMORY
1. ROM- Read Only Memory 2. RAM- Random & Access Memory

SECONDARY MEMORY

Hard Disk Floppy Disk Compact Disc (CD) Pen Drive Memory card
OPERATING SYSTEM

Before learning Windows XP you must know what is an operating system? In a simple language Operating System is a set of computer programs that manage the hardware and software resources of a computer system. Operating system act as a bridge between the hardware and the software. It provide a platform for the programs to run on. Operating system is popularly known as OS . It communicates with computer hardware on the most basic level. Without an operating system, no software programs can run.

An operating system can be classified into two types

1. Character User Interface (CUI) Ex : MS DOS 2. Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Ex : MS Windows MS DOS: Short for Microsoft Disk operating system, MS-DOS is a non-graphical command line operating system derived from 86-DOS that was created for IBM compatible computers. MS-DOS was first introduced by Microsoft in August 1981 and was last updated in 1994 when MS-DOS 6.22 was released. Today, MS-DOS is no longer used

MS Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft. Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces.

Windows XP
Windows XP is an operating system produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, and media centers. First released to computer manufacturers on August 24, 2001, it is the most popular version of Windows, based on installed user base.
The name "XP" is short for "eXPerience.

friendly operating system provided by Microsoft. It displays all the information on the screen Windows XP is a very popular Graphical User Interface (GUI) and a user and what you have to do is to point and select using the mouse. Using Windows operating system you can run many applications at the same time. You can type a letter to a friend, you can paint a picture, and you can listen to music and so on.

WORKING WITH WINDOWS XP

Logging In Turn on your computer. It will take few moments to load the Windows XP operating system into the memory. If you are the only user you will be taken to Desktop, which Is also called the opening screen of Windows XP. When a computer is used by many users, say in an office, each and every user will be provided with a logon screen in which the user can enter his or her user name and password to logon. The user will be taken to the Desktop. This helps to maintain the secrecy. Logging off and Shutdown The terms Logging off and Shutdown are two different processes. Logging off means to close the Windows XP desktop and return to the log on screen. First you must save all your unsaved documents and then log off. If you want to log off then click on the Start button Log off.

The Desktop The opening screen of Windows XP is called the Desktop. In Windows XP the basic working platform is the Desktop. You can keep the programs that are frequently required by you on the Desktop as a shortcut, like you keep the frequently needed books for study on your study table, instead of keeping them on the bookshelf. You can see the desktop has, i) Icons ii) Taskbar at the bottom Icons Icons are the graphical representation of the applications on the desktop. These small graphic images are used to represent files and programs as well as to execute commands.

My Computer

Recyclebin

My Documents

Parts of a Window Title Bar:

At the top of the window is the Title Bar. Title Bar tells you the name of the application. There are three sizing buttons present on the right corner of the title bar.

Minimize Button-This button is used to minimize the size of the application to a button on the taskbar Maximise Button-This button is used to maximize the application to cover the entire desktop. Restore Button-This button is used to restore the size of the window to its original form. Close Button-This button is used to close a window.

Menu Bar

Below the title bar is Menu Bar present which displays different menus. Whenyou click on any menu available on the menu bar, you will get a dropdown menu i.e.,a menu with various options dropping downwards. For example when you click on Filemenu you will find options like New, Open, Save, Save As etc.., You can select any of the options using your mouse and clicking on it. Toolbar Below the menu bar is the toolbar present which has the shortcuts of the command available in the menu bar in the form of icons. For example when you click on the new icon (first icon) present in the toolbar you will get a new document. Format bar- Below the Toolbar is the Format Bar which has the shortcuts forformatting a text in the form of icons. For example to make a text bold, select the text and click on the B icon present on the format bar. Rulerline - Ruler line is present just below the format bar. Workarea - This is the area where we can enter text. Statusbar - This gives the status about the document i.e. the information like number of pages in the document, currently we are in which page etc. Files and Folders Files-Whenever you try to store any information in the Windows XP it will be stored as file. For example typing a letter to your friend, drawing using Ms-Paint will be stored in the computer as a file. Folders-Folders are the collection of files. For example the letters

typed by you to your friends will be stored in the computer in a folder. A folder can contain another folder inside it but a file cannot contain another file in it. A folder is represented by a small yellow icon. Recyclebin: Recyclebin is an icon found on the Windows XP Desktop. Whenever you delete any unwanted files or folders it will be sent to recycle bin.

MS NOTEPAD MS WORDPAD MS PAINT MS WOR MS EXCEL MS POWER POINT

Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is an electronic spreadsheet that runs on a personal computer. You can use it to organize your data into rows and columns. You can also use it to perform mathematical calculations quickly.

Navigating
Navigate within worksheets To navigate within a workbook, you use the arrow keys, PageUp, PageDown, or the Ctrl key in combination with the arrow keys to make larger movements. The most direct means of navigation is with your mouse. Scroll bars are provided and work as they do in all Windows applications. Go ahead and try moving between cells in your newly opened Excel document with your mouse and then the PageUp and PageDown keys. Insert, move, and rename worksheets Worksheets are much like pages within a book; you peruse through them like you flip the pages of a book. There are several ways to move and copy worksheets. Right click on the sheet tab and choose Move or Copy. Select a new position in the workbook for the worksheet or click the Create a copy checkbox and Excel will paste a copy of that worksheet in the workbook. The same shortcut menu for the sheet tab also gives you the option to insert, delete or rename a worksheet. Navigate between worksheets To move to other Worksheets, you can Click their tab with the mouse at the bottom of the screen (Sheet1, Sheet 2, or Sheet 3) or use the Ctrl key with the Page Up and Page Down keys to move sequentially up or down through the

worksheets. Go ahead and switch between your 3 sheets using the different methods described.

Navigation keystrokes

Select and move worksheet cells

To select a large area of cells, select the first cell in the range, press and hold the Shift key, and then click the last cell in the range. Once you have selected a range of cells, you may move the cells within the worksheet by clicking and dragging the selection from its current location to its new one. To do this, bring your cursor to the side of the selection. When your cursor turns into 4 arrows pointing into opposite directions click and hold on to the mouse and drag where ever you want to locate it and let go of the mouse. By pressing and holding the Ctrl key as you drag, Excel will leave the original selection in its place and paste a copy

of the selection in the new location.To move between workbooks, use the Alt key while dragging the selection.

MS WORD
MS-WORD is a part of the bigger package called MS OFFICE, which can do much more than word processing. In fact when you open up MS OFFICE you will find four main components in it. They are MS-WORD (for word processing), MS EXCEL (for spreadsheet), MS ACCESS (for database management) and MS POWERPOINT (for presentation purposes).

The important components of the word. (a)Title Bar

The title bar displays the name of the currently active word document. Like other WINDOWS applications, it can be used to alter the size and location of the word window.

(b)Tool Bars
most commonly tool bars are the formatting tool bar and the standard tool bar. These two toolbars are displayed just below the title bar. At any point of time any tool bar can be made ON or OFF through the tool Word has a number of tool bars that help you perform task faster and with great ease. Two of the bar option of View Menu.

(c) Ruler Bar

The Ruler Bar allows you to format the vertical alignment of text in a document.

(d) Status Bar

The Status Bar displays information about the currently active document. This includes the page number that you are working, the column and line number of the cursor position and so on.

(e) Scroll Bar

The Scroll Bar helps you scroll the content or body of document. You can do so by moving the elevator button along the scroll bar, or by click in on the buttons with the arrow marked on them to move up and down and left and right of a page.

(f) Workspace
The Workspace is the area in the document window were you enter/type the text of your document.
(g)

Main Menu

The Word main menu is displayed at the top of the screen as shown in the Fig. 9.1. The main menu further displays a sub menu. Some of the options are highlighted options and some of them appear as faded options. At any time, only highlighted options can be executed, faded options are not applicable. Infect if the option is faded you will not

be able to choose it. You may not that any option faded under present situation may become highlighted under different situations.

MAIN MENU OPTIONS

Fig. 9.4 Edit Sub menu

The overall functions of all the items of main menu are explained below.

(a) File
You can perform file management operations by using these options such as opening, closing, saving, printing, exiting etc. It displays the following sub menu.

Fig File Sub menu

Fig. View Sub menu

(b) Edit
Using this option you can perform editing functions such as cut, copy, paste, find and replace etc. It displays the following sub menu.

(c) View
Word document can be of many pages. The different pages may have different modes. Each mode has its limitations. For example in normal mode the graphical picture cannot be displayed. They can only be displayed in page layout mode. Using the option "View" you can switch over from one mode to other. It displays the following Sub menu.

Fig. Insert Submenu

Fig. 9.7 Format Submenu

(d) Insert
Using this menu, you can insert various objects such as page numbers, footnotes, picture frames etc. in your document. It displays the following Sub menu.

(e) Format Using this menu, you can perform various type of formatting operations, such as fonts can be changed, borders can be framed etc. It displays the following Sub menu.

(f) Tools
Using this menu, you can have access to various utilities/tools of Word, such as spell check, macros, mail merge etc. It displays the following Sub menu.

Fig Tool Submenu

Fig. Table Sub menu

(g) Table
This menu deals with tables. Using this menu you can perform various types of operations on the table. It displays the following Sub menu.

(h) Window
This menu allows you to work with two documents simultaneously. This would require two windows to be opened so that each one can hold one document. Using this menu, you can switch over from one window to another. It displays the following Sub menu.

Fig 9.10 Window Sub menu

(i) Help:Using this menu, you can get on-line help for
any function.

MICROSOFT PAINT
Microsoft ( MS ) Paint is one of the applications that comes as part of Windows operating system. Paint is a drawing tool you can use to create simple or elaborate drawings. These drawings can be either black and white or color, and can be saved as bitmap files( .bmp ). You can print your drawing, use it for your desktop background, or paste it into another document. You can even use Paint to view and edit scanned photos. You can also use Paint to work with pictures, such as .jpg, .gif files. You can paste a Paint picture into another document you have created, or use it as your desktop background. To start Paint, click on Start All Programs Accessories Paint The above command means first click the Start button, then click All Programs in the menu, then click Accessories from the ensuing submenu, and finally click Paint in the last submenu that appears (or) double click in windows desktop paint icon.

Menu bar and Toolbox

Before introducing the various options that are available in paint it is necessary to introduce the five areas which help to draw pictures better in Paint. Menubar : The commands that controls the paint operations and to open new pictures are present in the menu bar. Toolbox : The various important tools, which help in the innovative or editing the drawing, are available in this box.

Drawingarea : To draw a picture or to modify a picture you have to use the drawing are where the picture can be created or loaded. Colorbox : The list of colors that can be used for painting the pictures is given in this box. You can also customize your color. Statusbar : This contains the pixel positions and displays it on a separate tag and that it also displays certain important measurements and values as you paint.

Menu bar
Paint menu bar contains the following list 1. File menu 2. Edit menu 3. View menu 4. Image menu 5. Color menu 6. Help menu

File menu

Open -To open the existing bitmap file Save -To save the bitmap file Print -To get a hard copy of bitmap picture Exit -The file menu contains the following inbuilded menu
list

New -To create a new window. Exit -from paint application

Edit menu Edit menu contains the following inbuilded menu list Undo -You can undo upto 3 changes ( ctrl + Z ) Repeat -You can repeat the undo ( ctrl + Y ) Cut -To cut the selected area ( ctrl + X ) Copy -To copy the selected area ( ctrl + C ) Paste -Selected Objects pasted in new location ( ctrl + V )
View menu

The view menu contains the following inbuilded menu list Tool box -To view / Hide the toolbox Color Box-To view / Hide the color box Status Bar -To view / Hide the States Bar Zoom -To zoom the image into large, normal and custom
Image menu

The Image menu contains the following inbuilded menu list Flip/Rotate-To flip the picture into horizontal (or) vertical shape and also rotate the picture into various angles (900, 1800, 2700) Invert color-To invert all color in the picture. Each color is replaced by

its color complement. Clear Image-Clear all images in the current working area
Color menu
The Color menu contains the following inbuilded menu list ( figure 3.8 ) Edit colors It shows color palate. We choose various colors form the color palate and also we can make a new color combination.

6. Help menu

Ms paint application provides help systems that you can use while to work in paint. Help Topics About Paint
Toolbox
The following table shows the content and use of Toolbox.

Free form select - To select and irregularly shaped portion of a picture.To erase a large area. Select - To select a rectangular portion of a picture.To erase a large area

Eraser / Color Eraser -To erase a small area. The size of the eraser can be selected from the shapes given at the bottom of the toolbox. Fill with color - Fill an area with color. Change color of an existing line. Pick color - To copy color from one area or object to another Magnifier - To zoom in or zoom out of a picture. The selected portion can be re-sized to twice, six,times or eight times the size of the original and also restored to the original size. Pencil - To draw a line or any shape Brush - To draw a line or any shape with varying thickness or to paint a picture. The thickness of the brush can be selected from one of the shapes at the bottom of the toolbox. Text - To type text and format it Line - To draw a straight line. The width of the line can be selected from the choices given at the end of the toolbox. Air brush - To spray color. The size of the spray color can be choosen from one of the three sizes from the bottom of the tool box. Curve - To draw a curved line. The width of the line can be selected from the choices given at the end of the toolbox.

Rectangle - To draw a square or a rectangle. The first option draws a transparent rectangle, that is, it does not cover the already existing picture. The second option results in an opaque rectangle. Polygon - To draw a polygon. Ellipse - To draw a circle or an ellipse Rounded Rectangle - To draw a rectangle rounded at the corners

Microsoft PowerPoint
Microsoft PowerPoint, usually just called PowerPoint, is a commercial presentation program developed by Microsoft. It is part of the Microsoft Office suite, and runs on Microsoft Windows and Apple's Mac OS X operating system. The current versions are Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 for Windows and 2011 for Mac.

Microsoft PowerPoint is yet another application from the Microsoft office suite. It is primarily used to create presentations, demo and slides. PowerPoint has quite a few built-in design templates and wizards that make it Number 1 choice for creating professional presentations. In PowerPoint 2007, you have even more choices when it comes to giving your slides a unique and distinctive look.

Menu of power point File menu

Explore the PowerPoint Interface

Besides the usual window components, the PowerPoint window has several unique elements, identified in the figure below.

Standard Toolbar
The Standard toolbar, located beneath the menu bar, has buttons for commonly performed tasks like printing, saving, inserting clip art, and other operations. You can customize the toolbar or even display multiple toolbars at the same time.

Formatting toolbar
The Formatting toolbar, located beneath the Standard toolbar bar, or possible to the side of it, has buttons for various formatting operations like changing text size or style, changing alignment, formatting bullets, and animation.

Drawing Toolbar

The Drawing toolbar on the bottom of the PowerPoint window contains drawing and text tools for creating graphics.

PowerPoint Views
PowerPoint has three different views. Normal View provides a comprehensive view for each slide with notes and outline. Slide Sorter View displays multiple slides and lets you quickly change their order in the presentation. Finally, the Slide Show view is also called preview. It is used to run the whole presentation. Use the three buttons at the bottom left of the window to change slide views. For example, you can switch from Normal view to Slide Sorter view by clicking one of these buttons.

Edit and Format a Slide

Enter and Edit Text in Outline View PowerPoint's Outline Area lets you focus on the content of your presentation, by typing up the outline prior to laying the presentation out. After you type an outline, you can concentrate on how your presentation looks.The boundary of the Outline Area can be resized by dragging the vertical seperation to the right. This will make it easier to enter your outline. Entering Slide Titles and Bullets Typing in PowerPoint's Outline view is similar to using a word processor. Type your slide title or bullet point and press Return to start a new slide or bullet. To force a line break within a slide title or bullet, press Shift-Enter (ShiftReturn on the Mac). This starts a new line for the same title or bullet.

Promote and Demote Text In Outline view, text is either a slide title, bullet point or sub bullet. To change a bullet to a slide title, select the text and click the Promote button (a green left-pointing arrow) on the Outlining toolbar. The Demote button (a green right-pointing arrow)will change a title to a bullet point or sub bullet under the previous item.

Copy and Move Data Use the Copy and Paste commands to copy selected text and graphics from one slide to another. If you want to move data instead, use the Cut and Paste commands. To do this:

Select the text you want to cut or copy by highlighting it. Go to the Standard Toolbar to choose the Cut or Copy short cut icon. Move and click your mouse to the place where you want the text to go. Note the cursor is blinking. Go to the Standard Toolbar to choose the Paste short cut icon.

Move Slides in the Outline Area It's easy to change the order of your slides and bullets in the Outline Area. Press the mouse button on the item you want to move and drag it to the desired location. You can also select the item you want to move and click on the Move Up or Move Down buttons.

Delete Slides or Bullets While working in the Outline Area, you can delete a slide by clicking on the slide icon next to the title and pressing the Delete key. Delete bullets and sub bullets similarly. Undo Mistakes If you make a terrible mistake (accidentally deleting a slide title or bullet point, for example), use the Undo command on the Edit menu or the Undo tool. You can undo multiple mistakes with the Undo tool. If you are unsure what action you will be undoing, the Edit menu will display the action it will undo.

Edit and Format a Presentation

Apply a Template to a Presentation
A template is a PowerPoint presentation that defines how your text and slide background will look. A plain presentation is simply black text on a white background.A template might include a blue background with bold yellow letters and a particular graphic. To apply a template to your presentation, choose Slide Design from the Format menu. The available templates will appear in the Task Pane, and once you select one, PowerPoint will apply it to all the slides.

Define Slide Transition and Animation

Transition effects help define how a presentation move from one slide to the next. Animation defines how you want your listed information to come in and out of the

presentation.Apply transition effects in Slide Sorter View or by selecting the Slide Transition command on the Slide Show menu. Keep in mind that the Transition command only sets the desired transition for the selected slides. We will explore in more depth custom transitions and animations in the advanced-level class. Now let us just do the following to quickly apply the transition as well as animation effects to our project here:

Switch to the Slide Sorter View. Move your mouse over the slide you want to apply transition effects. Click once to select the slide. Go to the Slide transition drop down menu on the toolbar. Choose Box Out. Note that preview is immediately applied on the selected slide. Apply some effects to other slides if you like.

Slide Background
Choose Background from the Format menu to change a slide's background color or gradient. Click on the color rectangle near the bottom of the dialog box,

and select either More Colors or Fill Effects. As shown in the Colors and Fill Effects dialog boxes below, you can change the color, gradient, texture, or pattern, or you can use a picture file.

Again, if you want this background to apply to all slides, make sure you select Mater/Slide Master from the View menu before making the change. Click on the Apply button when you are done. Creating Charts PowerPoint's Chart tool is located on the Standard toolbar.

Click the Chart tool to create a graph in your presentation. PowerPoint activates a data worksheet with labels and numbers. Change these labels and numbers to reflect your data. If you do not want to graph a certain row or column, double-click it and PowerPoint will remove that data from the chart. When you are through entering data in the worksheet, close it.

1. Click on the Insert menu and choose New Slide. 2. In the layout dialogue box, choose the "Chart" layout. Click OK. 3. In the PowerPoint working window, double click the chart place holder to activate the edit mode 4. Enter the data from the table below into the data sheet on the screen and watch the change of the chart.

The chart border will change and the chart toolbar will appear at the top of the screen. The chart toolbar includes buttons for changing chart type., inserting gridlines and legends, and additional chart features. For example, if you want to change a column chart to a horizontal bar chart, choose that chart type from the Chart Type tool.

Drawing Tools
PowerPoint has a set of drawing tools used to place lines, shapes, figures, WordArt, and text on a slide. PowerPoint's drawing tools are similar to drawing tools in other graphics programs. To use these tools, make sure you are in Slide View. Use the Auto Shapes tool (shown below) to create regular shapes like stars, polygons, triangles, and other shapes.

Slide Setup and Printing

Before you print your slide presentation, make sure the slide size and orientation is correct. Also, decide whether you want to print in color or black and white.Change these settings using the Page Setup and Print commands on the File menu.

Slide Setup
The Slide Setup dialog box has controls for slide size and orientation. Choose the appropriate slide size and orientation before you do significant formatting in your presentation. Changing slide orientation from portrait to landscape or vice versa may require editing and reformatting slides.

Printing
To print your slide presentation, choose Print from the File menu, or click the Print button on the toolbar. In the Print dialog box you can choose how many copies you want to print. Use the Print What: drop-down list to select whether you want to print just the slides, notes, or handouts with multiple slides per page. Note on color printing: To print your presentation in color:

Mac: click the Color/Grayscale radio button in PowerPoint's print dialog box, and choose a color printer using Print Services from the Apple menu. PC: select a color printer from the print box.

WordPad
WordPad is a basic word processor that is included with almost all versions of Microsoft Windows from Windows 95 upwards. WordPad can format and print text, but lacks intermediate features such as a spell checker, thesaurus, and support for tables. As such, it is suitable for writing letters or short pieces, but underpowered for

work that relies heavily on graphics or typesetting.

Notepad
Notepad is a simple text editor for Microsoft Windows. It has been included in all versions of Microsoft Windows since Windows 1.0 in 1985. Notepad is a common text-only (plain text) editor. The resulting filestypically saved with the .txt extensionhave no format tags or styles, making the program suitable for editing system files that are to be used in a DOS environment.

Notepad supports both left-to-right and right-to-left based languages, and one can alternate between these viewing formats by using the right or left Ctrl+Shift keys to go to right-to-left format or left-to-right format, respectively.

Reference:
c++ textbook by Sumit arora

MS-Office By Dr. S.S. Srivastava Microsoft Office 2003 by Robert T. Grauer, Maryann M. Barber