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Lecture No.07 Variable

A variable is defined as a concept that is capable of measurement and can take on different values. It is represented by a symbol that numerals or values are attached to. Variables can be discrete, taking count data values, or continuous, measuring quantities. They can be dependent on another variable, independent and influencing other variables, intervening but not directly measurable, or categorical sorting subjects into groups. Examples of variables include gender, age, income, weight, and height.

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44 views

Lecture No.07 Variable

A variable is defined as a concept that is capable of measurement and can take on different values. It is represented by a symbol that numerals or values are attached to. Variables can be discrete, taking count data values, or continuous, measuring quantities. They can be dependent on another variable, independent and influencing other variables, intervening but not directly measurable, or categorical sorting subjects into groups. Examples of variables include gender, age, income, weight, and height.

Uploaded by

Abdul Rashid
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is a Variable?

By Abdur Rashid Mirza University of Lahore School of Accountancy and Finance Lecture no.07

Concepts
Concepts are highly subjective as their understanding varies from person to person. It is important that the concepts used should be operationalized in measureable term. Techniques about how to operationalized concepts, and knowledge about variables.

Definition of Variables
An image, perception or concept that is capable of measurement - hence capable of taking on different value is called variable. In other words, a concept that can be measured is called a variable. A variable is a property that takes on different values, a variable is something that varies. (According to Kerlinger)

Definition of Variables
A variable is a symbol to which numerals or values are attached. Rational units of analysis that can assumes any one of a number of designated sets of values. A Characteristic subject to change Any thing that can have more than one value such Age, Sex, weight, income number of children.

Example of Variables
Gender (Male/Female) Age (x years, y months) Income ($-per year) Weight (----kg) Height (-----cm)

Example of Variables
Concepts Rich Indicators Income Variables Income per Year Decision Level If > $100,000

Types of Variables

Discrete Variable Count data,


number of person etc. Continuous Variable - Measurement of Data, height of plant, weight of commodity.

Types of Variables
Dependent Variable Affected by the independent variable Example. Teaching affects learning.
Independent Variable A variable that is presumed to influence another variable is called dependent variable. Income Independent Variable and Consumption is dependent variable.

Types of Variables
Intervening and Mediating Variable Can not be measured For example Teaching style Categorical Variable, When subjects are classified by sorting them into groups like Engineers or Teachers. Dichotomous Variable For example Male Female or Rural Urban. Organismic Variable Characteristic the individual randomly like gender, intelligent. Controlled Variables - The conditions that are kept the same (unchanged) in an experiment.

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