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What Is Statistics: ©the Mcgraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2008 Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions. Statistical techniques are used extensively by marketing, accounting, quality control, consumers, professional sports people, hospital administrators, educators, politicians, etc.

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Havend Ali
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57 views10 pages

What Is Statistics: ©the Mcgraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2008 Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions. Statistical techniques are used extensively by marketing, accounting, quality control, consumers, professional sports people, hospital administrators, educators, politicians, etc.

Uploaded by

Havend Ali
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Statistics

Chapter 1

McGraw-Hill/Irwin

The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2008

GOALS

Understand why we study statistics. Explain what is meant by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Distinguish between a qualitative variable and a quantitative variable. Describe how a discrete variable is different from a continuous variable.

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What is Meant by Statistics? Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.

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Who Uses Statistics?


Statistical techniques are used extensively by marketing, accounting, quality control, consumers, professional sports people, hospital administrators, educators, politicians, physicians, etc...

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Types of Statistics Descriptive Statistics


Descriptive Statistics - methods of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in an informative way.

Inferential Statistics: A decision, estimate, prediction, or generalization about a population, based on a sample.

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Population versus Sample


A population is a collection of all possible individuals, objects, or measurements of interest. A sample is a portion, or part, of the population of interest

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Types of Variables
A. Qualitative or Attribute variable - the characteristic being studied is nonnumeric.
EXAMPLES: 1- eye color(Blue ,Green and Black). 2- Gender (Male , Female). 3- Marital status(Single , Married, Widower, Divorced ) are examples. B. Quantitative variable - information is reported numerically. EXAMPLES: minutes remaining in class, or number of children in a family , number of departments in a factory, number of call phone , number of students in a class, tossing coin , tossing dice .

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Quantitative Variables - Classifications


Quantitative variables can be classified as either discrete or continuous. A. Discrete variables: can only assume certain values and there are usually gaps between values.
EXAMPLES: number of children in a family , number of departments in a factory, number of call phone , number of students in a class, tossing coin , tossing dice . B. Continuous

variable can assume any value within a specified range.


EXAMPLE: weight of students in a class or the height of students in a class, Time, age and degree of heat .

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Summary of Types of Variables

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End of Chapter 1

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