fp Sem Blleree Probadiity nang DevARTMES Amrita chool of Engineering. Baz.galore MA260 Question Bank-1 Probability Problems What is the probability of choosing a vowel from the alphabet? A number from 1 to [1 is chosen at random, What is the probability of choosing an odd number? 2. A glass jar contains 6 red, 5 green, 8 blue and 3 yellow marbles. Ifa single marble is chosen at random from the jar, what is the probability of choosing (i) ared marble? (ii) a green marble? (ili) blue marble? (iv) ayellow marble? A. Choose a number at random from | to 5, (i) What is the probability of each outcome? ii) What is the probability that the number chosen is even? (iii) What is the probability that the number chosen is odd? cen we roll pair of balanced dice, what are the probabilities of getting (7° (ii) 11 Gil) For 11 (ivy2orl2 (wy 12 6. ‘The supervisor ofa group of 20 construction works wants to get the opinion of two of them (to be selected at random) about cei ww savety regulations. If 12 workers favour the new regulations and the other 8 cre against them, what is the probability thi both of the workers chosen by the supervisor will be against the new safety regulations? 7. A lottery sells tickets numbered from 00001 through 59000, What is the probability of drawing a number that is divisible by 200 8. Are the following statements true or false? If false, explain why itis false. (i) The probability that a mineral sample wili contain silver is 0.33 and the probability that it will not contain silver is (ii) The probability that a drilling operation wii! be a success is 0.34 and the probability that it will not be 2 success is ~9.66. (iii) An Airconditioner repairman claims that she probability is 0.82 that the compressor is alright, 0.64 that @ tor is alright and 0.41 that they are both alright 9, & campus police department needs new bicycles fi ls patrol persoas end the probabilities are 0.17,0.22,0.03,0.29,0.21 and 0.08 -bat it will buy Bianshe, ‘Cannonhill, Fishin, Giante, Tric, or HT. Find the crobability that the department buys ‘ (i) Cannonhill or ‘Tree Gi) Bianshe, Giantetor Tree oe (iii) shin: or Tree g (iv) Cannonhill, Giante or HT 10. The probability that a new airport will get an award for its design is 0.16,the probability that it will get an award for the efficient use of materials is 0.24, and the probability that it will get both awards is 0.11 (i) What is she probability that it will get atleest one of the two awards? co Ob : be 0.74(ii) What is the probability that it only one of the two awards? (iii) Find the probablility that the airport will get the cesign award given that it got the award for efficient use of materials. (iv) Find the probablility that the airport will get the design award given that it didn’t get the award for efficient use of materials. IL. A dresser drawer contains one pair of socks with each of the following colors: blue, brown, red, white and black. Each pair is folded together in a matching set. You reach into the sock drawer and choose a pair of socks without looking, The first pair you pull out is red ~the wrong color. You replace this pair and choose another pair of socks. What is the probability that you will choose the red pair of socks twice? 12. A coin is tossed and a single 6-sided die is rolled. Find the probability of landing on the head side of the coin and rolling a 3 on the die. 13. card is chosen at random from a deck of 52 cards. It is then replaced and a @) second card is chosen. What is the probability of choosing a jack and an eight? 14. Spin a spinner numbered 1 to 7, and toss a coin. What is the probability of getting an odd number on the spinner and a tail on the coin? 15. A jar contains 6 red balls, 3 green balls, 5 white balls and 7 yellow balls. Two balls are chosen from the jar, with replacement, What is the probability that both balls chosen are green? 16. Four cards are chosen from a standard deck of 52 playing cards with replacement. 7)” What is the probability of choosing 4 hearts in a row? 17. A jar contains 3 red, 5 green, 2 blue and 6 yellow marbles. A marble is chosen at random from the jar. After replacing it, a second mardle is chosen, What is the probebility of choosing a green and a yellow marble? 18. Among the 24 invoices prepared by a billing depar:ment, 4 coniain errors while the others do not. If we randomly check two of these invoices, what are the probabilities that, (i) both will contain errors? (ii) Neither will contain an error? 19, If P(A)=0.8, P(C)=0.35 and P(AMB)=0.28, are the events A and C independent? 20. Find the probabilities of getting (i) 8 heads in ¢ row with a balanced coin. Gi) Three 3s and then a4 ora 5 in 4 rolls of a balanced die (iii) 5 multiple-choice questions answered correctly, if for each question of answering it correctly is 1/3.— 10, 1a School of Engineering, Bangalore MA260 Question Bank-2 Probability Problems-Bayes' theorem A.B and C in order toss a coin, The first one throw a head wins. If A start their respective chances of winning. Ais known to hit the target in 2 out of 5 shots whereas B is known to hit the target in 3 out of 4 shot. Find the probability of the target being hit when both try The probability that an integrated circuit chip will have defective etching is 0.12; the probability that it will have a crack defect is 0.29, and the probability that it has both defective is 0.07 (a) What is the probability that a newly manufactured chip will have either an etching or a crack defect. (b) What is the probability that a newly manufactured chip will have neither defect? (©) What is the probability that has defective etching will also have a crack defect? (4) Whatis the probability that has a crack defect will also have a defective etching? What is the probability of not rolling any 6’s in four rolls of a balanced die? Engineers in charge of maintaining our nuclear fleet must continually check for corrosion inside the pipes that are part of the cooling systems. The inside condition of the pipes cannot be observed directly but a nondestructive test can give an indication of possible corrosion. This test is not infallible. The test has probability 0.7 of detecting corrosion when itis present but itis also has probs'itity 0.2 of falsely indicating internal corrosion. Suppose the probabi that any section of the pipe has internal corrosion is 0.1. Determine the probability that a section of pipe has internal corrosion, given that the test indicates its presents, Suppose that P(A/B) = 0.2, P(A/B®) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.8, What is P(A)? Suppers 2% of cotton fabrie rolls and 3% of nylon fabric rolls contain flaws. Of the rolls used by a manufacturer, 70% are cotton and 30% are nylon. What is the probability that a randomly selected roll used by the manufacturer contains flaws? ‘The edge roughness of slit paper products increases as knife blades wear. Only 1% of the products slit with the new blades have rough edges, 3% of produets slit with blades of average sharpness exhibit roughness, and 5% of products slit with wom blades exhibit roughness. 1f 25% of the blades in manufacturing are new, 60% are of average sharpness and 15% are worn; what is the proportion of products that exhibit edge roughness? Samples of laboratory glass are in small. light packaging or heavy, large packaging suppose that 2 and 1% of the sample shipped in small and large packages, respectively, break uring transit. 1° 60% of the samples are shipped in ,, large packages and 40% are shipped in small packages, what proportion of samples break during shipping? Fora certain binary communication channel, the probability that a transmitted ‘0 is received as a “0” is 0.95 and the probability that a transmitted ‘1 is received as is 0.9. Ifthe probability that a “0” is transmitted is 0.4, find the probability that (a) a‘l" is received (b) a°U was transmitted given that a1’ was received find