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‫‪-٧‬ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻮ ﭘﺮ ﺩﻭﺑﻌﺪﻱ‬
‫‪:٧-١‬ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ‪:Solid‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﺗﻮ ﭘﺮﻭﻳﺎ ﺗﻮ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ‪ Solid‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻠﻮﻱ ﺍﻋﻼﻥ ‪ ) Command‬ﺧﻂ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ( ﻭﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻫﻮﻛﻠﻴﺪ ‪ Enter‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﻮﻛﺪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪:‬‬
‫‪P1‬‬ ‫‪P3‬‬ ‫‪P4‬‬ ‫‪P2‬‬ ‫‪P1‬‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ‪ Fill‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ‪ on‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ Solid ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮ ﭘﺮ ﻭﺍﮔﺮ ‪ Fill‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ‪ off‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻮ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ Fill‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪﺍﺯﻣﻨﻮﻱ ‪ ، Tool‬ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ‪Drawing Aids‬ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩﺍﻱ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ Fill‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ‪ Solide‬ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﺗﻮ ﭘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﮔﺮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪:٧-٢‬ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ‪:FILL‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ on/off‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ‪ solid،Trace‬ﻭ‬
‫‪ Polyline‬ﺭﺳﻢ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﭘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ Trace‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻬﻨﺎﻱ ﺧﻂ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻬﻨﺎﻱ ﺧﻂ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺍﺗﻮﻛﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﭘﻬﻨﺎﻱ ﺧﻂ ﻣﻲﭘﺬﻳﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪ FILL‬ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻮ‬
‫ﭘﺮ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ DONUT‬ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮ ﭘﺮ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪،‬ﺍﻋﻼﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺧﻂ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭﺑﻴﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
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‫‪-٨‬ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ‪Hatch‬‬
‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ‪ Hatch‬ﻭﻳﺎ ﺣﺮﻑ‪ H‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﻂ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ‪Hatch‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ‪Draw‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ‪ Hatch‬ﺑﺎﺯ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﻱ‬
‫‪ Predefined‬ﻛﻪ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ)ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﮔﻤﻪ ‪ Pattern‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺯﻧﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ ﺩﻛﻤﻪ ‪ Ok‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺯﻧﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪ Select object‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺯﻧﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ ﺯﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ‪ Apply‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺯﻧﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ :Scale‬ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ ﺣﺘﻤ ﹰﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺷﺪﻭﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ :Angle‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ‪،‬ﻫﺎﺷﻮﺭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺑﭽﺮﺧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪-٩‬ﺑﺮﻳﺪﻥ ﺷﺊ‬
‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ‪: Break‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‪ Break‬ﻭﻳﺎ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ‪ Br‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﻂ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ‪Modify‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ‪Modify‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﻳﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪،‬ﻃﺒﻖ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺽ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ‪،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﭘﺎﻙ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺧﻼﻑ ﻋﻘﺮﺑﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﺎﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺗﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﭘﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬ﺟﻠﻮﻱ ﺍﻋﻼﻥ ‪ Enter second point‬ﺣﺮﻑ‪ F‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪-١٠‬ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﺋﻲ ﻭﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ‪،‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ :MOVE‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪MOVE‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻤﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻐﺎﻡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Base point or displacement‬‬
‫ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ‪ -‬ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ـ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻐﺎﻡ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ‪.‬‬
‫‪:ROTATE‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪ ROTATE‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻮﺷﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻲ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﻣﻲﮔﺬﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺠﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪Base point:‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪<Rotation angle>/Reference:‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‪ -‬ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺎﺩﺳﺎﻋﺘﮕﺮﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﮕﺮﺩ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ‪ -‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﻓﺮﺽ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺿﻠﻊ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻼ‪50‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ( ﻭﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ‪ 30‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ)ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﺣﺮﻑ ‪ R‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‪ 50‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻫﺘﺎﻥ ‪ 30‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪-١١‬ﻛﭙﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬

‫‪ Copy:١١-١‬ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ‪ Move‬ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﻣﻮ ﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪﻭﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﺍﺗﻮﻛﺪ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪< Base point or dicplacement> / Multiple‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﭙﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻳﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﭙﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺣﺘﻤ ﹰﺎ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻳﺎ‪ drag‬ﺭﻭﻱ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎﺕ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻱ ‪،‬‬
‫‪ Enter‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ‪.‬ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻭﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﭙﻲ ﻭﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻭﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﭙﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺎﻧﻪ)‪ (M‬ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺍﻋﻼﻥ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
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‫ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻱ ‪ Enter‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺰﻧﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ )‪ (M‬ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺁﻏﺎﺯﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪:١١-٢‬ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ‪:Array‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﭙﻲ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﻲ )ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻲ(‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﺒﻲ) ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩﺍﻱ( ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻮﻱ ‪Modify‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ‪ Array‬ﻭﻳﺎ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ‪ Ar‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﻂ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ‪Modify‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﻱ ﺍﻋﻼﻥ )‪ Restangolar or polar array(R/p‬ﺣﺮﻑ ‪p‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ‪،‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﺗﻮﻛﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺊ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻭ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﭼﺮﺵ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﻱ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺣﺮﻑ‪ R‬ﺭ ﺍ ﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻋﻼﻥ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬ﺗﺎ ﺍﺷﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺮ ﻭﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﭼﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬